Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.6995
W. Andrzejewski, T. Uzar, A. Pękala-Safińska, M. Urbańska, Katarzyna Serwańska-Leja, A. Pociecha
The European perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) is a common freshwater fish which is widely distributed in Europe and Asia and has been successfully introduced to New Zealand and Australia. It is the intermediate and definitive host of many parasites, especially endoparasites, such as trematodes, cestodes and nematodes (Bikhovskaya-Pavlovskaya and Kulakova,1987; Carney and Dick, 1999; Behrmann-Godel and Brinker, 2005; Wierzbicka et al., 2005; Kuchta et al., 2009). Information concerning the parasites of perch can be found in widely published literature (Rolbiecki, 2006; Halmetoja et al., 2000), but still little is known about aspects such as the age dynamics of infections with endoparasites. Parasites provide a great deal of biological information about their host, regarding migration, differences in diet, and food web structure (Williams et al., 1992; MacKenzie et al., 1995; Marcogliese et al., 2006). On the other hand, parasitism may influence the behaviour of fish (hosts), resulting in changes in their habitat and increasing vulnerability to predators (Seppälä et al., 2008). Infection with parasites increases the relative risk of mortality in the host (Behrmann-Godel and Brinker, 2005). In this paper we determined the occurrence of parasites in perch from Lake Góreckie, Wielkopolski National Park. Perch is common in water bodies and has a diverse diet, and for these reasons it is the definitive or intermediate host of many parasite species. Therefore, this fish species was selected for our study. The influence of age on the occurrence of parasites in perch has not yet been examined in detail. The aim of this study was to answer the following questions: • What parasites occur in perch in Lake Góreckie? • Which species of endoparasites are more frequently observed in perch in Lake Góreckie? • Is there a correlation between the occurrence of the endoparasite and the age of perch?
欧洲鲈鱼(pera fluviatilis L.)是一种常见的淡水鱼，广泛分布于欧洲和亚洲，已成功引进新西兰和澳大利亚。它是许多寄生虫的中间和最终宿主，特别是内寄生虫，如吸虫、绦虫和线虫(Bikhovskaya-Pavlovskaya and Kulakova,1987;卡尼和迪克，1999;Behrmann-Godel and Brinker, 2005;Wierzbicka等人，2005;Kuchta et al.， 2009)。关于鲈鱼寄生虫的信息可以在广泛发表的文献中找到(Rolbiecki, 2006;Halmetoja et al.， 2000)，但对诸如感染内寄生虫的年龄动态等方面仍然知之甚少。寄生虫提供了大量关于其宿主的生物信息，包括迁徙、饮食差异和食物网结构(Williams et al.， 1992;MacKenzie et al.， 1995;Marcogliese et al.， 2006)。另一方面，寄生可能影响鱼类(宿主)的行为，导致其栖息地的变化，并增加对捕食者的脆弱性(Seppälä等人，2008年)。寄生虫感染会增加宿主死亡的相对风险(Behrmann-Godel and Brinker, 2005)。本文测定了Wielkopolski国家公园Góreckie湖鲈鱼中寄生虫的发生情况。鲈鱼在水体中很常见，饮食多样，因此它是许多寄生虫物种的最终或中间宿主。因此，我们选择了该鱼种进行研究。年龄对鲈鱼寄生虫发生的影响还没有详细的研究。本研究的目的是回答以下问题:•Góreckie湖的鲈鱼中有什么寄生虫?•在Góreckie湖的鲈鱼中最常观察到哪种种类的内寄生虫?•内寄生虫的发生与鲈鱼的年龄之间是否存在相关性?
{"title":"The influence of age on the occurrence of internal parasites in perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) from Lake Góreckie in Wielkopolski National Park","authors":"W. Andrzejewski, T. Uzar, A. Pękala-Safińska, M. Urbańska, Katarzyna Serwańska-Leja, A. Pociecha","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.6995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6995","url":null,"abstract":"The European perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) is a common freshwater fish which is widely distributed in Europe and Asia and has been successfully introduced to New Zealand and Australia. It is the intermediate and definitive host of many parasites, especially endoparasites, such as trematodes, cestodes and nematodes (Bikhovskaya-Pavlovskaya and Kulakova,1987; Carney and Dick, 1999; Behrmann-Godel and Brinker, 2005; Wierzbicka et al., 2005; Kuchta et al., 2009). Information concerning the parasites of perch can be found in widely published literature (Rolbiecki, 2006; Halmetoja et al., 2000), but still little is known about aspects such as the age dynamics of infections with endoparasites. Parasites provide a great deal of biological information about their host, regarding migration, differences in diet, and food web structure (Williams et al., 1992; MacKenzie et al., 1995; Marcogliese et al., 2006). On the other hand, parasitism may influence the behaviour of fish (hosts), resulting in changes in their habitat and increasing vulnerability to predators (Seppälä et al., 2008). Infection with parasites increases the relative risk of mortality in the host (Behrmann-Godel and Brinker, 2005). In this paper we determined the occurrence of parasites in perch from Lake Góreckie, Wielkopolski National Park. Perch is common in water bodies and has a diverse diet, and for these reasons it is the definitive or intermediate host of many parasite species. Therefore, this fish species was selected for our study. The influence of age on the occurrence of parasites in perch has not yet been examined in detail.\u0000\u0000The aim of this study was to answer the following questions: • What parasites occur in perch in Lake Góreckie? • Which species of endoparasites are more frequently observed in perch in Lake Góreckie? • Is there a correlation between the occurrence of the endoparasite and the age of perch? \u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":53138,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84135364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-27DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.6860
H. Frąckowiak, Ewa Kiryk, S. Graczyk, M. Zdun
Biometric measurements were taken on 40 dogs of both sexes, 20 females and 20 males of Border Collies. Half of the population of each sex, i.e. 10 animals (active dogs), were either currently participating in dog frisbee competitions or had recently finished their sporting careers due to age. The other half (part) of the examined Border Collies, i.e. 10 females and 10 males, were animals that were not active in sports (non-active dogs). Most of the dogs came from Polish kennels but there were also Border Collies from other countries. The following measurements were taken: trunk length, height at withers, chest girth, fore limb (metacarpal) girth, thigh length, shank length, foot length and body weight. The collected results were processed statistically and indexes of trunk length, massiveness, eurysomia and boniness were calculated. It was found that Border Collie are characterized by some biometric traits (indexes) similar to Polish hunting dogs and Polish hounds and some of their indexes are also similar to the domestic breeds of Polish sheepdogs and Polish charts. Conducted biometric analysis showed only few, i.e. concerning height at withers of females and body weight of males statistically significant differences between examined groups of Border Collies. Consequently, there was no positive verification of the research hypothesis, which assumed that the value of traits and biometric indicators of Border Collie is different in jumping dogs in connection with their participation in various disciplines of dog competition. However, it can be assumed that for the needs of the developing sports cynology, there will be a need to select dogs with predispositions for athletic performance, and a useful tool to achieve this goal will be the analysis of biometric traits of dogs. The results of measurements collected in this study and the indices calculated on their basis also extend the biometric database of Border Collie dogs.
{"title":"Preliminary biometric characteristics of Border Collies and their dependence on sport activity","authors":"H. Frąckowiak, Ewa Kiryk, S. Graczyk, M. Zdun","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.6860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6860","url":null,"abstract":"Biometric measurements were taken on 40 dogs of both sexes, 20 females and 20 males of Border Collies. Half of the population of each sex, i.e. 10 animals (active dogs), were either currently participating in dog frisbee competitions or had recently finished their sporting careers due to age. The other half (part) of the examined Border Collies, i.e. 10 females and 10 males, were animals that were not active in sports (non-active dogs). Most of the dogs came from Polish kennels but there were also Border Collies from other countries.\u0000The following measurements were taken: trunk length, height at withers, chest girth, fore limb (metacarpal) girth, thigh length, shank length, foot length and body weight. The collected results were processed statistically and indexes of trunk length, massiveness, eurysomia and boniness were calculated.\u0000It was found that Border Collie are characterized by some biometric traits (indexes) similar to Polish hunting dogs and Polish hounds and some of their indexes are also similar to the domestic breeds of Polish sheepdogs and Polish charts. Conducted biometric analysis showed only few, i.e. concerning height at withers of females and body weight of males statistically significant differences between examined groups of Border Collies. Consequently, there was no positive verification of the research hypothesis, which assumed that the value of traits and biometric indicators of Border Collie is different in jumping dogs in connection with their participation in various disciplines of dog competition. However, it can be assumed that for the needs of the developing sports cynology, there will be a need to select dogs with predispositions for athletic performance, and a useful tool to achieve this goal will be the analysis of biometric traits of dogs. The results of measurements collected in this study and the indices calculated on their basis also extend the biometric database of Border Collie dogs.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":53138,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85720553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-27DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.6856
P. Czyżowski, A. Okrasa, S. Beeger, M. Karpiński
The objective was to verify the research hypothesis concerning a correlation between the surface area of the medullary bone and other fat indices and carcass weight. This study was also focused on identification of potential differences in the mean values of the fat parameters and carcass weight between the forest and field ecotypes of roe deer. The medullary cavity area was measured using the DIRA 200 program. Metacarpal bone III and the phalanges of the 2nd and 3rd fingers were measured as well. The investigations involved 38 females of the European roe deer Capreolus capreolus aged 3-5 years.The investigations revealed a negative statistically significant correlation between the surface area of the medullary cavity in metacarpal bone III and the kidney fat index KFI (rs = -0.483; p<0.05) and the weight of the perirenal adipose tissue (rs = -0.362; p<0.05). No correlation was shown between the area of the medullary cavity of metacarpal bone III and the doe carcass weight (rs = 0.093; ns). The size of the medullary cavity is an anatomical parameter that is not susceptible to cyclical changes in environmental conditions. As shown in this study, it is independent of the body weight and determines the amount of bone marrow and, hence, the amount of accumulated fat reserves. We believe that, besides biometric measurements, the surface area of the medullary cavity can be a good parameter for assessment of the ontogenetic quality of roe deer and for comparison of populations.
{"title":"The use of radiography for measurements of the medullary cavity in the metacarpal bone in the European roe deer Capreolus capreolus for assessment of ontogenetic quality – preliminary study","authors":"P. Czyżowski, A. Okrasa, S. Beeger, M. Karpiński","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.6856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6856","url":null,"abstract":"The objective was to verify the research hypothesis concerning a correlation between the surface area of the medullary bone and other fat indices and carcass weight. This study was also focused on identification of potential differences in the mean values of the fat parameters and carcass weight between the forest and field ecotypes of roe deer. The medullary cavity area was measured using the DIRA 200 program. Metacarpal bone III and the phalanges of the 2nd and 3rd fingers were measured as well. The investigations involved 38 females of the European roe deer Capreolus capreolus aged 3-5 years.The investigations revealed a negative statistically significant correlation between the surface area of the medullary cavity in metacarpal bone III and the kidney fat index KFI (rs = -0.483; p<0.05) and the weight of the perirenal adipose tissue (rs = -0.362; p<0.05). No correlation was shown between the area of the medullary cavity of metacarpal bone III and the doe carcass weight (rs = 0.093; ns). The size of the medullary cavity is an anatomical parameter that is not susceptible to cyclical changes in environmental conditions. As shown in this study, it is independent of the body weight and determines the amount of bone marrow and, hence, the amount of accumulated fat reserves. We believe that, besides biometric measurements, the surface area of the medullary cavity can be a good parameter for assessment of the ontogenetic quality of roe deer and for comparison of populations.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":53138,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80518391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-27DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.6857
J. Poberezhets, I. Kupchuk
The aim of the experiment was to research the productivity, slaughter qualities and broiler chicken meat quality using a probiotic feed supplement. The research objectives were solved experimentally using zootechnical and statistical research methods. It was found that the probiotics application in the feeding of broiler chickens increased live weight by 11.9%, the average daily gain was higher by 12.1%, absolute by 12.2% and reduced feed consumption per 1 kg increase by 8.9% compared with control. Additional consumption of probiotic feed supplement by broiler chickens increases the pre-slaughter live weight by 12.0%, the weight of ungutted carcass by 12.1%, semi-gutted carcass by 9.9% and gutted carcass by 13.3% relative to control. Consumption of probiotics by broilers increased the level of total moisture by 1.3% in the pectoral muscles, and hygro-moisture was higher by 0.2% in the thigh muscles; the amount of nitrogen was higher by 0.2% compared to the control group.
{"title":"Effectiveness of the use of probiotics in the diet of broiler chickens","authors":"J. Poberezhets, I. Kupchuk","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.6857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6857","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the experiment was to research the productivity, slaughter qualities and broiler chicken meat quality using a probiotic feed supplement. The research objectives were solved experimentally using zootechnical and statistical research methods. It was found that the probiotics application in the feeding of broiler chickens increased live weight by 11.9%, the average daily gain was higher by 12.1%, absolute by 12.2% and reduced feed consumption per 1 kg increase by 8.9% compared with control. Additional consumption of probiotic feed supplement by broiler chickens increases the pre-slaughter live weight by 12.0%, the weight of ungutted carcass by 12.1%, semi-gutted carcass by 9.9% and gutted carcass by 13.3% relative to control. Consumption of probiotics by broilers increased the level of total moisture by 1.3% in the pectoral muscles, and hygro-moisture was higher by 0.2% in the thigh muscles; the amount of nitrogen was higher by 0.2% compared to the control group.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":53138,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75049860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-14DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.5947
Piotr Szatkowski, Alina Tadla, Zuzanna Flis, Martyna Szatkowska, Katarzyna Suchorowiec, E. Molik
Composite materials, which can have a wide range of properties, can have an important role in protecting the natural environment. Until now, the most popular fibres used in composites have been those obtained by chemical processes. Natural fibres are much less commonly used, but interest in them is growing due to the principles of eco-development, care for the environment, and their important fact that they are biodegradable. Sheep wool, due to its unique physicochemical properties, such as thermal and sound insulation and the ability to absorb and release moisture, can be used as a fibre in biodegradable composites. Biodegradable polymers are becoming increasingly popular as an alternative to plastics, which have a negative impact on the environment. Although the use of biodegradable polymers is limited by their poor mechanical and thermal properties, a filler in the form of sheep wool fibres increases the mechanical properties of the composite and reduces production costs, while maintaining its biodegradability. Mixed wool is treated as a waste product which is difficult to utilize in the textile industry, but innovative applications in agriculture and medicine provide the opportunity to make use of it. As a fibre with unique physicochemical properties, wool can be used as an element of biocomposites in line with the strategies of bioeconomy and sustainable development.
{"title":"The potential application of sheep wool as a component of composites","authors":"Piotr Szatkowski, Alina Tadla, Zuzanna Flis, Martyna Szatkowska, Katarzyna Suchorowiec, E. Molik","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.5947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.5947","url":null,"abstract":"Composite materials, which can have a wide range of properties, can have an important role in protecting the natural environment. Until now, the most popular fibres used in composites have been those obtained by chemical processes. Natural fibres are much less commonly used, but interest in them is growing due to the principles of eco-development, care for the environment, and their important fact that they are biodegradable. Sheep wool, due to its unique physicochemical properties, such as thermal and sound insulation and the ability to absorb and release moisture, can be used as a fibre in biodegradable composites. Biodegradable polymers are becoming increasingly popular as an alternative to plastics, which have a negative impact on the environment. Although the use of biodegradable polymers is limited by their poor mechanical and thermal properties, a filler in the form of sheep wool fibres increases the mechanical properties of the composite and reduces production costs, while maintaining its biodegradability. Mixed wool is treated as a waste product which is difficult to utilize in the textile industry, but innovative applications in agriculture and medicine provide the opportunity to make use of it. As a fibre with unique physicochemical properties, wool can be used as an element of biocomposites in line with the strategies of bioeconomy and sustainable development.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":53138,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84334536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.4318
Karolina Wengerska, Damian Spustek, Dominika Krakowiak, K. Drabik, J. Batkowska
The aim of study was to analyze the impact of the utility type, age and rearing system of hens on egg quality traits and the enzymatic activity of egg albumen lysozyme (LA). The material consisted of 120 eggs from two genotypes of hens: Hy-Line Brown and parent stock of Ross 308. Laying-type hens were reared divided into 2 systems: intensive (litter, balanced feed) and extensive (open runs, farm fodders). The second source of material was hens age (29, 33, 41, 53 and 70 wks) of the parent stock.. Stocks were differentiated in terms of the hens age (29, 33, 41, 53 and 70 wks). Eggs quality traits and LA were evaluated. The LA of was higher in eggs from laying than from broiler breeder hens. It decreased with the hens’ age and increased with albumen mass, it was also positively correlated with albumen height and Haugh's units. The rearing system considerably modified mass of egg and albumen and the dense albumen height, but does not affect the LA.
{"title":"Rearing system, utility type and hens’ age as a factor modifying lysozyme's hydrolytic activity","authors":"Karolina Wengerska, Damian Spustek, Dominika Krakowiak, K. Drabik, J. Batkowska","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.4318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.4318","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of study was to analyze the impact of the utility type, age and rearing system of hens on egg quality traits and the enzymatic activity of egg albumen lysozyme (LA). The material consisted of 120 eggs from two genotypes of hens: Hy-Line Brown and parent stock of Ross 308. Laying-type hens were reared divided into 2 systems: intensive (litter, balanced feed) and extensive (open runs, farm fodders). The second source of material was hens age (29, 33, 41, 53 and 70 wks) of the parent stock.. Stocks were differentiated in terms of the hens age (29, 33, 41, 53 and 70 wks). Eggs quality traits and LA were evaluated. \u0000The LA of was higher in eggs from laying than from broiler breeder hens. It decreased with the hens’ age and increased with albumen mass, it was also positively correlated with albumen height and Haugh's units. The rearing system considerably modified mass of egg and albumen and the dense albumen height, but does not affect the LA.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":53138,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78404753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.2584
A. Zybert
The aim of the research was to estimate the effect of straw-based housing on selected quality attributes of pork, using a meta-analytical approach. Meta-analysis is statistical procedure that combines the results of individual, independent studies into one common treatment effect, called the effect size. Data were extracted from 17 independent studies (20 experiments) and analysed using a random-effect model to estimate the effect of straw-based housing on the pH (initial pH at 45 min post mortem and ultimate pH), drip loss, colour (L*, a*, b*) and Warner-Bratzler shear force of pork loins. The meta-analysis of the available results showed that pigs from straw-based systems may produce pork with a faster early post-mortem pH decline (pH45), higher drip loss, and greater lightness than those reared under barren conditions with concrete (slatted) floors. A subgroup analysis showed that greater space allowance for straw-housed pigs had a greater negative effect on initial pH (pH45), drip loss, and lightness than straw housing with normal/minimal floor space requirements.
{"title":"The effect of straw based housing on selected quality attributes of pork – a meta-analysis.","authors":"A. Zybert","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.2584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.2584","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research was to estimate the effect of straw-based housing on selected quality attributes of pork, using a meta-analytical approach. Meta-analysis is statistical procedure that combines the results of individual, independent studies into one common treatment effect, called the effect size. Data were extracted from 17 independent studies (20 experiments) and analysed using a random-effect model to estimate the effect of straw-based housing on the pH (initial pH at 45 min post mortem and ultimate pH), drip loss, colour (L*, a*, b*) and Warner-Bratzler shear force of pork loins. The meta-analysis of the available results showed that pigs from straw-based systems may produce pork with a faster early post-mortem pH decline (pH45), higher drip loss, and greater lightness than those reared under barren conditions with concrete (slatted) floors. A subgroup analysis showed that greater space allowance for straw-housed pigs had a greater negative effect on initial pH (pH45), drip loss, and lightness than straw housing with normal/minimal floor space requirements.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":53138,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79788270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-29DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.3121
B. Sevim, Y. Cufadar
At the end of the experiment, approximately 5 cc of blood was taken from broilers, and the serum was separated by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 5 min. Serum mineral concentrations were determined directly in an atomic emission spectrometer (AX-ICP, Varian Vista). Subsequently, the tibia was removed from the slaughtered broilers, and the meat and bone marrow were cleaned and dried at 105°C for 24 h. Samples were taken from similar parts of each tibia (middle axis). The mineral content of the tibias was determined with an atomic emission spectrometer (ICP, VISTA AX CCD Simultaneous ICP-AES) after wet decomposition of the tibia in a microwave (Mars Xpress Technology Inside).
{"title":"Effects of essential oils and their combinations added to broiler diets on the mineral contents of some tissues and bone breaking strength","authors":"B. Sevim, Y. Cufadar","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.3121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.3121","url":null,"abstract":"At the end of the experiment, approximately 5 cc of blood was taken from broilers, and the serum was separated by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 5 min. Serum mineral concentrations were determined directly in an atomic emission spectrometer (AX-ICP, Varian Vista). Subsequently, the tibia was removed from the slaughtered broilers, and the meat and bone marrow were cleaned and dried at 105°C for 24 h. Samples were taken from similar parts of each tibia (middle axis). The mineral content of the tibias was determined with an atomic emission spectrometer (ICP, VISTA AX CCD Simultaneous ICP-AES) after wet decomposition of the tibia in a microwave (Mars Xpress Technology Inside).\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":53138,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89853103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-29DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.3058
Katerina Silchenko, T. Ryzhkova
The results of a comparative study of the effectiveness of plant biostimulators “Biosvit” and “Megasvit” on changes in the physicochemical composition of milk, which was obtained from dairy cows of the Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed, kept in Ltd “Renaissance +1881” Zolochivskyi district of Kharkiv region are reflected in the article. There were used 2 biological batches in our studies. One batch of the biological product was made on the basis of a dry mixture, which is called ‘11-Tigers by “Eleven Tigers Herbal Bar Energizer” and consists of seven species of plants of foreign origin. The other type is based on a dry mixture of 7 plants of domestic origin. Biologicals “Biosvit” and “Megasvit” experimental groups of animals (D 1) and (D 2) were injected subcutaneously at the rate of 3-4 mg of active substance per 1 kg of the body weight (on average 15 ml) per 1 animal. Biologicals were injected to the above animals five times, every 72 hours. Milk samples, taken from the formed groups of cows, were monitored for physico-chemical parameters. It was carried out that under the influence of two types of drugs “Biosvit” and “Megasvi” the productivity of cows in experimental groups increased, and in the milk samples from the cows in these groups (D 1) and (D 2), there was an increase in mass fraction: fat by 0,19 and 0,2%; protein by 0,15 and 0,16%; lactose by 0,13 and 0,14%; dry matter by 0,35 and 0,45%, skimmed milk powder by 0,15 and 0,19%, protein by 0,16 (P ≥ 0,95) and 0,28% respectively, compared with the control group of cows (K(controlled)). It can be noted that under the influence of the biological product “Megasvit” there was a more significant increase in the mass fraction of fat by 0,11%; protein by 0,25%, compared with similar indicators of the biological product “Biosvit”.
{"title":"Influence of vegetable biostimulators on physical and chemical parameters of cows’ milk","authors":"Katerina Silchenko, T. Ryzhkova","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.3058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.3058","url":null,"abstract":"The results of a comparative study of the effectiveness of plant biostimulators “Biosvit” and “Megasvit” on changes in the physicochemical composition of milk, which was obtained from dairy cows of the Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed, kept in Ltd “Renaissance +1881” Zolochivskyi district of Kharkiv region are reflected in the article.\u0000There were used 2 biological batches in our studies. One batch of the biological product was made on the basis of a dry mixture, which is called ‘11-Tigers by “Eleven Tigers Herbal Bar Energizer” and consists of seven species of plants of foreign origin. The other type is based on a dry mixture of 7 plants of domestic origin.\u0000Biologicals “Biosvit” and “Megasvit” experimental groups of animals (D 1) and (D 2) were injected subcutaneously at the rate of 3-4 mg of active substance per 1 kg of the body weight (on average 15 ml) per 1 animal. Biologicals were injected to the above animals five times, every 72 hours. Milk samples, taken from the formed groups of cows, were monitored for physico-chemical parameters.\u0000It was carried out that under the influence of two types of drugs “Biosvit” and “Megasvi” the productivity of cows in experimental groups increased, and in the milk samples from the cows in these groups (D 1) and (D 2), there was an increase in mass fraction: fat by 0,19 and 0,2%; protein by 0,15 and 0,16%; lactose by 0,13 and 0,14%; dry matter by 0,35 and 0,45%, skimmed milk powder by 0,15 and 0,19%, protein by 0,16 (P ≥ 0,95) and 0,28% respectively, compared with the control group of cows (K(controlled)). It can be noted that under the influence of the biological product “Megasvit” there was a more significant increase in the mass fraction of fat by 0,11%; protein by 0,25%, compared with similar indicators of the biological product “Biosvit”.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":53138,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80676548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-29DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.5024
Izabela Szpręgiel, D. Wrońska
Domestic hen is a full model in terms of stress and adrenal function. The main hormone produced by the hens’ adrenals is corticosterone, synthesized and secreted by stimulating the HPA axis during stress. Direct activation of adrenal activity is conditioned by ACTH, which binds to the melanocortin receptor cMC2 in adrenals. It stimulates the synthesis and release of corticosterone. One of the factors that stimulate the HPA axis activity is the starvation, to which the hen is very sensitive. The purpose of this study was to determine the ACTH receptor cMC2 expression in the hens’ adrenals during the short-term fasting and after restoring the proper level of nutrition (refeeding). The results of the experiment show that 24-hour of food deprivation is stressful for the hen, as indicated by increased concentrations of corticosterone in the adrenals and in blood plasma. Changes in cMC2R expression and level of corticosterone in the adrenals during fasting and refeeding indicate a rapid increase of HPA axis activity in response to differentiated levels of nutrition. The results of this experiment confirm the direct effect of ACTH on the avian adrenals in corticosterone release.
{"title":"Effect of short-term fasting on the expression of ACTH (cMC2) receptor in the adrenal glands of chicken (Gallus domesticus)","authors":"Izabela Szpręgiel, D. Wrońska","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.5024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.5024","url":null,"abstract":"Domestic hen is a full model in terms of stress and adrenal function. The main hormone produced by the hens’ adrenals is corticosterone, synthesized and secreted by stimulating the HPA axis during stress. Direct activation of adrenal activity is conditioned by ACTH, which binds to the melanocortin receptor cMC2 in adrenals. It stimulates the synthesis and release of corticosterone. One of the factors that stimulate the HPA axis activity is the starvation, to which the hen is very sensitive. The purpose of this study was to determine the ACTH receptor cMC2 expression in the hens’ adrenals during the short-term fasting and after restoring the proper level of nutrition (refeeding). The results of the experiment show that 24-hour of food deprivation is stressful for the hen, as indicated by increased concentrations of corticosterone in the adrenals and in blood plasma. Changes in cMC2R expression and level of corticosterone in the adrenals during fasting and refeeding indicate a rapid increase of HPA axis activity in response to differentiated levels of nutrition. The results of this experiment confirm the direct effect of ACTH on the avian adrenals in corticosterone release.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":53138,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75413470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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