Blockchain-Research and Applications最新文献

英文中文

Coordinating REST interactions in service choreographies using blockchain

IF 6.9 3区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Blockchain-Research and Applications

Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100241

Francesco Donini , Alessandro Marcelletti , Andrea Morichetta , Andrea Polini

In Service Oriented Computing (SOC), different services interact and exchange information to reach specific objectives. To model interorganizational SOC systems, choreography modeling languages have emerged to represent the distributed coordination among the involved organizations. From the realization perspective, blockchain technology is emerging as a promising run-time supporting peer-to-peer communication technology without the need for a central coordinator, thanks to its intrinsic security, trust, and decentralization characteristics. However, while blockchain can bring many advantages, technological barriers still limit its adoption in organizations, due to the costly and time-consuming learning process. For this reason, we propose RESTChain, a framework that automatically enables the interactions that take place among the participants in a service choreography exploiting blockchain technology. Starting from a choreography specification, the framework provides a set of mediators and automatically generates a smart contract that coordinates the service interactions. The mediators are software components that are directly connected with the smart contracts and expose REpresentational State Transfer (REST) APIs in compliance with the role played by the organizations in the choreography. In this way, the services deployed by one organization can communicate with the services made available by another organization through the blockchain in a secure and transparent manner. The proposed approach has been implemented on the Layer 2 Polygon blockchain and validated in a market retail case study analyzing its efficiency in terms of time and cost.

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引用次数: 0

A review on deep anomaly detection in blockchain

IF 6.9 3区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Blockchain-Research and Applications

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100227

Oussama Mounnan , Otman Manad , Larbi Boubchir , Abdelkrim El Mouatasim , Boubaker Daachi

The last few years have witnessed the widespread use of blockchain technology in several works because of its effectiveness in terms of privacy, security, and trustworthiness. However, the challenges of cyber-attacks represent a real threat to systems based on this technology. The resort to the systems of anomaly detection focused on deep learning, also called deep anomaly detection, is an appropriate and efficient means to tackle cyber-attacks on the blockchain. This paper provides an overview of the blockchain technology concept, including its characteristics, challenges and limitations, and its system taxonomy. Numerous blockchain cyber-attacks are discussed, such as 51% attacks, selfish mining attacks, double spending attacks, and Sybil attacks. Furthermore, we survey an overview of deep anomaly detection systems with their challenges and unresolved issues. In addition, this article gives a glimpse of various deep learning approaches implemented for anomaly detection in the blockchain environment and presents several methods that enhance the security features of anomaly detection systems. Finally, we discuss the benefits and drawbacks of these recent advanced approaches in light of three categories—discriminative learning, generative learning, and hybrid learning—with other methods based on graphs, and we highlight the ability of the proposed approaches to perform real-time anomaly detection.

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引用次数: 0

Blockchain-enabled secure and authentic Nash equilibrium strategies for heterogeneous networked hub of electric vehicle charging stations 电动汽车充电站异构网络集线器的区块链安全和真实纳什均衡策略

IF 6.9 3区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Blockchain-Research and Applications

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100223

Desh Deepak Sharma , S.N. Singh , Jeremy Lin

In the networked enlarged electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructures, the security and authenticity of the stakeholders involved in the EV energy market pool are prime important. This paper proposes an EV network hub (EVNH) comprising EVs, EV aggregators (EVAs), and charging nodes in the networked EV energy market pool. The various EVAs implement different heterogeneous blockchains. The EVNH facilitates blockchain-based secure and resilient energy trading under grid to vehicle and vehicle to grid systems. The paper emphasizes interoperability challenges involving different blockchains to communicate and transfer assets or data between them. We suggest secure and trustworthy energy trading across various EVAs using multiple EV tokens for EV energy trading through cross-chain communications. The EVAs consider a Nash equilibrium-seeking strategy to find the Nash equilibrium in the noncooperative game of EVAs. The effectiveness of the proposed EVNH is tested using MATLAB, Solidity, and Python software.

引用次数: 0

Navigating blockchain adoption: An examination of actor alignment with the Diffusion of Innovation principles

IF 6.9 3区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Blockchain-Research and Applications

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100228

Shipra Chhina , Mehmood Chadhar , Selena Firmin , Arthur Tatnall

Blockchain technology has garnered substantial interest due to its capacity to transform numerous industries by amplifying transparency and bolstering security measures. Despite the increasing interest, there is a void in existing literature regarding the alignment of actors with the Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) principles in the context of blockchain adoption. This gap restricts comprehension of the factors influencing adoption. This research addresses this void by investigating how actors align with the DOI principles in making decisions about blockchain adoption. The DOI model is combined with the innovation translation concept derived from Actor-Network Theory (ANT) to explore these complex dynamics in more detail. The results indicate that the decision-making process for blockchain adoption corresponds to the knowledge, persuasion, and decision stages, mirroring the phases found in the innovation translation approach. This research offers theoretical insights and practical knowledge that can be beneficial to individuals and organisations looking to promote the successful implementation of blockchain technology.

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引用次数: 0

Data-driven price trends prediction of Ethereum: A hybrid machine learning and signal processing approach

IF 6.9 3区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Blockchain-Research and Applications

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100231

Ebenezer Fiifi Emire Atta Mills , Yuexin Liao , Zihui Deng

Due to recent fluctuations in cryptocurrency prices, Ethereum has gained recognition as an investment asset. Given its volatile nature, there is a significant demand for accurate predictions to guide investment choices. This paper examines the most influential features of the daily price trends of Ethereum using a novel approach that combines the Random Forest classifier and the ReliefF method. Integrating the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) results in high accuracy and performance metrics for Ethereum price trend predictions. This method stands out from prior research, primarily based on time series analysis, by enhancing pattern recognition across time and frequency domains. This adaptability leads to better prediction capabilities with accuracy reaching 76.56% in a highly chaotic market such as cryptocurrency. The STFT's ability to reveal cyclical trends in Ethereum's price provides valuable insights for the ANFIS model, leading to more precise predictions and addressing a notable gap in cryptocurrency research. Hence, compared to models in literature such as Gradient Boosting, Long Short-Term Memory, Random Forest, and Extreme Gradient Boosting, the proposed model adapts to complex data patterns and captures intricate non-linear relationships, making it well-suited for cryptocurrency prediction.

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引用次数: 0

Blockchain-enhanced hydrogen fuel production and distribution for sustainable energy management

IF 6.9 3区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Blockchain-Research and Applications

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100229

Yash Madhwal , Yury Yanovich , Matteo Coveri , Ninoslav Marina

Renewable energy projects, particularly wind and solar farms, have garnered significant attention as a potential solution to global energy challenges. Despite the energy production obstacles, the steady availability of fossil fuels continues to compete due to established distribution systems, as societies increasingly rely on electricity. Hydrogen fuel has emerged as a promising avenue for energy production, storage, and distribution, involving converting surplus renewable electricity into hydrogen through electrolysis, storing it, and distributing it. Our novel approach leverages blockchain technology to enhance the efficiency and traceability of hydrogen fuel production, offering a unique synergy of transparency, security, and decentralized governance. We showcase its viability and effectiveness using the ERC-1155 token standard to tokenize renewable resources and convert them into hydrogen fuel. Within our tokenized fuel blockchain architecture, we simulate the forecasted growth in hydrogen production and vehicle demand, highlighting our approach's efficiency, traceability, and transparency. This integration showcases the potential for a sustainable hydrogen fuel ecosystem. The gas consumption data analysis indicates that the daily gas consumption remains below 194 million Gas for refilling 3245 vehicles (including the cost of one-time contract deployment), demonstrating the feasibility and efficiency of our approach.

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引用次数: 0

Understanding the market potential of crypto mining with quantum mechanics and golden cut-based picture fuzzy rough sets

IF 6.9 3区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Blockchain-Research and Applications

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100230

Hasan Dincer , Serhat Yüksel , Gabor Pinter , Alexey Mikhaylov

Significant improvements should be made to increase the market potential of crypto mining. However, it is not financially feasible to make too many improvements because all actions lead to cost increases. In this context, it is necessary to determine the factors that most affect this process. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to understand the main indicators that can improve the market potential of crypto mining activities. Therefore, the main research question of this study is to identify which factors should be prioritized while generating appropriate strategies to increase these activities. In this context, a new model has been constructed to answer this question. First, significant indicators are identified based on the evaluation of the literature. After that, these factors are weighted via quantum picture fuzzy rough set-based M-SWARA. The main contribution of this study is the generation of a new decision-making model to understand the key issues related to the market potential of crypto mining activities. The M-SWARA model is taken into consideration for criteria weighting. Owing to this issue, the causal relationships between the items can be identified. The findings demonstrate that reducing energy costs emerges as the most important factor for improving the market potential of the crypto mining industry. Furthermore, technological developments also play an important role in this regard.

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引用次数: 0

Integrating blockchain technology within an information ecosystem

IF 6.9 3区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Blockchain-Research and Applications

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100225

Francesco Salzano , Lodovica Marchesi , Remo Pareschi , Roberto Tonelli

Context: Blockchain-based information ecosystems (BBIEs) are a type of information ecosystem in which blockchain technology is used to provide a trust mechanism among parties and to manage shared business logic, breaking the traditional scheme of information ecosystems dominated by a leading company and leveraging the decentralization of data management, information flow, and business logic.

Objective: In this paper, we'd like to propose an architecture and the technical aspects concerning creating a BBIE, underlining the supplied advantages and the logic decomposition among the business and storage components.

Method: The requirements are derived from the current needs of the collaborative business and the data collected by surveying practitioners. To meet these needs, we followed the Grounded Theory research approach. We validate our architectural schema against a case study on managing a wine supply chain involving different companies and supervision authorities.

Results: The proposed solution integrates blockchain-based applications with the existing information system as a module of the ecosystem, leveraging on the low costs, scalability, and high-level security because of the restricted access to the network.

Conclusion: We must go a long way in deepening and refining the possibilities offered by technology in supporting innovative multi-organizational business models. BBIEs can contribute substantially to paving the way in such a direction.

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引用次数: 0

Robust cooperative spectrum sensing in cognitive radio blockchain network using SHA-3 algorithm 基于SHA-3算法的认知无线电区块链网络鲁棒协同频谱感知

IF 6.9 3区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Blockchain-Research and Applications

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100224

Evelyn Ezhilarasi I, J. Christopher Clement

Cognitive radio network (CRN) uses the available spectrum resources wisely. Spectrum sensing is the central element of a CRN. However, spectrum sensing is susceptible to multiple security breaches caused by malicious users (MUs). These attackers attempt to change the sensed result in order to decrease network performance. In our proposed approach, with the help of blockchain-based technology, the fusion center is able to detect and prevent such criminal activities. The method of our model makes use of blockchain-based MU detection with SHA-3 hashing and energy detection-based spectrum sensing. The detection strategy takes place in two stages: block updation phase and iron out phase. The simulation results of the proposed method demonstrate 3.125%, 6.5%, and 8.8% more detection probability at −5 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the presence of MUs, when compared to other methods like equal gain combining (EGC), blockchain-based cooperative spectrum sensing (BCSS), and fault-tolerant cooperative spectrum sensing (FTCSS), respectively. Thus, the security of cognitive radio blockchain network is proved to be significantly improved.

认知无线电网络（Cognitive radio network， CRN）明智地利用可用的频谱资源。频谱感知是CRN的核心要素。然而，频谱感知容易受到恶意用户（MUs）的多重安全漏洞的影响。这些攻击者试图改变感知结果，以降低网络性能。在我们提出的方法中，借助基于区块链的技术，融合中心能够检测和预防此类犯罪活动。我们的模型方法利用基于区块链的MU检测与SHA-3哈希和基于能量检测的频谱感知。检测策略分为两个阶段：块更新阶段和清除阶段。仿真结果表明，与等增益组合（EGC）、基于区块链的合作频谱感知（BCSS）和容错合作频谱感知（FTCSS）等方法相比，该方法在−5 dB信噪比（SNR）下的检测概率分别提高了3.125%、6.5%和8.8%。从而证明认知无线电区块链网络的安全性得到了显著提高。

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引用次数: 0

Looking for stability in proof-of-stake based consensus mechanisms 寻找基于股权证明的共识机制的稳定性

IF 6.9 3区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Blockchain-Research and Applications

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100222

Alberto Leporati, Lorenzo Rovida

The Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus algorithm has been criticized in the literature and in several cryptocurrency communities, due to the so-called compounding effect: who is richer has more coins to stake, therefore a higher probability of being selected as a block validator and obtaining the corresponding rewards, thus becoming even richer. In this paper, we present a PoS simulator written in the Julia language that allows one to test several variants of PoS-based consensus algorithms, tweak their parameters, and observe how the distribution of cryptocurrency coins among users evolves over time. Such a tool can be used to investigate which combinations of parameter values allow to obtain a “fair” and stable consensus algorithm, in which, over the long term, no one gets richer or poorer by the mere act of validating blocks. Based on this investigation, we also introduce a new PoS-based consensus mechanism that allows the system to keep the wealth distribution stable even after a large number of epochs.

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全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

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Blockchain-Research and Applications

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