Pub Date : 2021-01-01Epub Date: 2021-09-01DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2021.1969180
Ayşe Akça, Mehmet Kocabaş, Filiz Kutluyer
As a widespread pollutant, glyphosate (GLY) adversely affects the aquatic environment and can impair the reproductive ability and functions of fish. The purpose of the current study was to assess in vitro effect of GLY on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) sperm cells. The sperm cells were exposed to different GLY concentrations (2.5, 5, 10 mg/L). Sperm motility parameters were analyzed with computer assisted sperm analysis. DNA fragmentation (%) was measured by the comet assay using fluorescence microscopy. With increased GLY concentration, sperm motility and duration decreased after exposure. DNA fragmentation (% DNA in tail) in sperm cells was higher in treatments containing GLY than control (p < 0.05). Consequently, sperm cells are sensitive to low doses of GLY, and this can negatively affect natural populations.
{"title":"Glyphosate disrupts sperm quality and induced DNA damage of rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) sperm.","authors":"Ayşe Akça, Mehmet Kocabaş, Filiz Kutluyer","doi":"10.1080/26896583.2021.1969180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26896583.2021.1969180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a widespread pollutant, glyphosate (GLY) adversely affects the aquatic environment and can impair the reproductive ability and functions of fish. The purpose of the current study was to assess <i>in vitro</i> effect of GLY on rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) sperm cells. The sperm cells were exposed to different GLY concentrations (2.5, 5, 10 mg/L). Sperm motility parameters were analyzed with computer assisted sperm analysis. DNA fragmentation (%) was measured by the comet assay using fluorescence microscopy. With increased GLY concentration, sperm motility and duration decreased after exposure. DNA fragmentation (% DNA in tail) in sperm cells was higher in treatments containing GLY than control (p < 0.05). Consequently, sperm cells are sensitive to low doses of GLY, and this can negatively affect natural populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":53200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part C-Toxicology and Carcinogenesis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40550931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2020.1868866
Michael Girgis, Yaoxiang Li, Meth Jayatilake, Kirandeep Gill, Sirao Wang, Kepher Makambi, Vijayalakshmi Sridharan, Amrita K Cheema
Molecular alterations as a result of exposure to low doses of high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation can have deleterious short- and long-term consequences on crew members embarking on long distance space missions. Oxygen ions (16O) are among the high LET charged particles that make up the radiation environment inside a vehicle in deep space. We used mass spectrometry-based metabolomics to characterize urinary metabolic profiles of male C57BL/6J mice exposed to a single dose of 0.1, 0.25 and 1.0 Gy of 16O (600 MeV/n) at 10 and 30 days post-exposure to delineate radiation-induced metabolic alterations. We recognized a significant down regulation of several classes of metabolites including cresols and tryptophan metabolites, ketoacids and their derivatives upon exposure to 0.1 and 0.25 Gy after 10 days. While some of these changes reverted to near normal by 30 days, some metabolites including p-Cresol sulfate, oxalosuccinic acid, and indoxylsulfate remained dysregulated at 30 days, suggesting long term prognosis on metabolism. Pathway analysis revealed a long-term dysregulation in multiple pathways including tryptophan and porphyrin metabolism. These results suggest that low doses of high-LET charged particle irradiation may have long-term implications on metabolic imbalance.
{"title":"Short-term metabolic disruptions in urine of mouse models following exposure to low doses of oxygen ion radiation.","authors":"Michael Girgis, Yaoxiang Li, Meth Jayatilake, Kirandeep Gill, Sirao Wang, Kepher Makambi, Vijayalakshmi Sridharan, Amrita K Cheema","doi":"10.1080/26896583.2020.1868866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26896583.2020.1868866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Molecular alterations as a result of exposure to low doses of high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation can have deleterious short- and long-term consequences on crew members embarking on long distance space missions. Oxygen ions (<sup>16</sup>O) are among the high LET charged particles that make up the radiation environment inside a vehicle in deep space. We used mass spectrometry-based metabolomics to characterize urinary metabolic profiles of male C57BL/6J mice exposed to a single dose of 0.1, 0.25 and 1.0 Gy of <sup>16</sup>O (600 MeV/n) at 10 and 30 days post-exposure to delineate radiation-induced metabolic alterations. We recognized a significant down regulation of several classes of metabolites including cresols and tryptophan metabolites, ketoacids and their derivatives upon exposure to 0.1 and 0.25 Gy after 10 days. While some of these changes reverted to near normal by 30 days, some metabolites including p-Cresol sulfate, oxalosuccinic acid, and indoxylsulfate remained dysregulated at 30 days, suggesting long term prognosis on metabolism. Pathway analysis revealed a long-term dysregulation in multiple pathways including tryptophan and porphyrin metabolism. These results suggest that low doses of high-LET charged particle irradiation may have long-term implications on metabolic imbalance.</p>","PeriodicalId":53200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part C-Toxicology and Carcinogenesis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/26896583.2020.1868866","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10365016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2021.1899719
Marjan Boerma, Igor Koturbash
The International Space Station (ISS), the largest man-made object in space, is a collaboration between space agencies of the United States, Canada, Russia, Europe and Japan. This research laboratory circles around the Earth at about 400 km above the Earth’s surface and houses international crews around the clock to perform experiments ranging from the effects of microgravity on the physiology of humans and other organisms, the cultivation of plants and food crops in space, to astronomy and physics observations. Since its inception, more than 200 men and women have inhabited the ISS for different lengths of time. Individual crew members stay in the ISS for missions of a total of about 3months to a year, while some people have completed multiple missions. Nearing the end of its life, the ISS is expected to fulfill its duties until about the year 2030. With the ending of the ISS approaching quickly, plans are made for manned missions deeper into our solar system, such as to the moon, other near-Earth objects such as asteroids, and even the planet Mars. Currently, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) aims to begin operating in the cis lunar space in the 2020s and to build the Space or Lunar Gateway, a space station orbiting the Moon and allowing missions deeper into space. Then, NASA is tasked to complete manned missions orbiting Mars in the 2030s, with the final goal of crew expeditions to the surface of Mars. During missions into deep space, men and women will be exposed to a combination of stressors related to the nature of the space environment. Moreover, missions may be much longer than the current stays of astonauts at the ISS. In order to make future manned missions into deep space possible, these stressors need to be well understood and controlled or minimized by physical and/or medical means. Complicating the matter, during deep space missions, crew members cannot return to Earth for emergency medical attention. Therefore, health risks need to be well understood and appropriate medical facilities should be incorporated into mission planning.
{"title":"Manned space travel: from a race between nations to a race against the environmental stressors beyond earth.","authors":"Marjan Boerma, Igor Koturbash","doi":"10.1080/26896583.2021.1899719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26896583.2021.1899719","url":null,"abstract":"The International Space Station (ISS), the largest man-made object in space, is a collaboration between space agencies of the United States, Canada, Russia, Europe and Japan. This research laboratory circles around the Earth at about 400 km above the Earth’s surface and houses international crews around the clock to perform experiments ranging from the effects of microgravity on the physiology of humans and other organisms, the cultivation of plants and food crops in space, to astronomy and physics observations. Since its inception, more than 200 men and women have inhabited the ISS for different lengths of time. Individual crew members stay in the ISS for missions of a total of about 3months to a year, while some people have completed multiple missions. Nearing the end of its life, the ISS is expected to fulfill its duties until about the year 2030. With the ending of the ISS approaching quickly, plans are made for manned missions deeper into our solar system, such as to the moon, other near-Earth objects such as asteroids, and even the planet Mars. Currently, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) aims to begin operating in the cis lunar space in the 2020s and to build the Space or Lunar Gateway, a space station orbiting the Moon and allowing missions deeper into space. Then, NASA is tasked to complete manned missions orbiting Mars in the 2030s, with the final goal of crew expeditions to the surface of Mars. During missions into deep space, men and women will be exposed to a combination of stressors related to the nature of the space environment. Moreover, missions may be much longer than the current stays of astonauts at the ISS. In order to make future manned missions into deep space possible, these stressors need to be well understood and controlled or minimized by physical and/or medical means. Complicating the matter, during deep space missions, crew members cannot return to Earth for emergency medical attention. Therefore, health risks need to be well understood and appropriate medical facilities should be incorporated into mission planning.","PeriodicalId":53200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part C-Toxicology and Carcinogenesis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/26896583.2021.1899719","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38910874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2020.1865027
Tixieanna Dissmore, Andrew G DeMarco, Meth Jayatilake, Michael Girgis, Shivani Bansal, Yaoxiang Li, Khyati Mehta, Vijayalakshmi Sridharan, Kirandeep Gill, Sunil Bansal, John B Tyburski, Amrita K Cheema
Astronauts embarking on deep space missions are at high risk of long-term exposure to low doses of high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation, which can contribute to the development of cancer and multiple degenerative diseases. However, long term effects of exposure to low doses of high LET radiation in plasma metabolite profiles have not been elucidated. We utilized an untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics approach to analyze plasma obtained from adult male Long Evans rats to determine the longitudinal effects of low-dose proton and low-dose oxygen ion whole-body irradiation on metabolic pathways. Our findings reveal that radiation exposure induced modest changes in the metabolic profiles in plasma, 7 months after exposure. Furthermore, we identified some common metabolite dysregulations between protons and oxygen ions, which may indicate a similar mechanism of action for both radiation types.
{"title":"Longitudinal metabolic alterations in plasma of rats exposed to low doses of high linear energy transfer radiation.","authors":"Tixieanna Dissmore, Andrew G DeMarco, Meth Jayatilake, Michael Girgis, Shivani Bansal, Yaoxiang Li, Khyati Mehta, Vijayalakshmi Sridharan, Kirandeep Gill, Sunil Bansal, John B Tyburski, Amrita K Cheema","doi":"10.1080/26896583.2020.1865027","DOIUrl":"10.1080/26896583.2020.1865027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Astronauts embarking on deep space missions are at high risk of long-term exposure to low doses of high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation, which can contribute to the development of cancer and multiple degenerative diseases. However, long term effects of exposure to low doses of high LET radiation in plasma metabolite profiles have not been elucidated. We utilized an untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics approach to analyze plasma obtained from adult male Long Evans rats to determine the longitudinal effects of low-dose proton and low-dose oxygen ion whole-body irradiation on metabolic pathways. Our findings reveal that radiation exposure induced modest changes in the metabolic profiles in plasma, 7 months after exposure. Furthermore, we identified some common metabolite dysregulations between protons and oxygen ions, which may indicate a similar mechanism of action for both radiation types.</p>","PeriodicalId":53200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part C-Toxicology and Carcinogenesis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9896584/pdf/nihms-1858535.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9206371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2021.1880242
Si Chen, Qiangen Wu, Xilin Li, Dongying Li, Nan Mei, Baitang Ning, Montserrat Puig, Zhen Ren, William H Tolleson, Lei Guo
Hepatic metabolism catalyzed by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily affects liver toxicity associated with exposures to natural compounds and xenobiotic agents. Previously we generated a battery of HepG2-derived stable cell lines that individually express 14 CYPs (1A1, 1A2, 1B1, 2A6, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C18, 2C19, 2D6, 2E1, 3A4, 3A5, and 3A7). In this study, we comprehensively characterized each cell line for its CYP expression and enzyme activity. Specifically, we measured the mRNA expression, protein expression, and metabolite formation. Using CYP3A4, 2D6, and 2C9-overexpressing cells as representatives, we examined the stability of these cells in long-term cultures for up to 10 passages. The results showed that CYPs can be stably overexpressed for up to 10 cell culture passages without losing their activities. The robustness of responses to stimuli among the cells at different passages was also investigated in CYP3A4-overexpressing cells and the response to amiodarone and dronedarone showed no difference between the cells at the passage 2 and 10. Moreover, the mRNA expression level of most CYPs was higher in CYP-overexpressing HepG2 cells than that in HepaRG cells and primary human hepatocytes. This study confirmed the stability of CYP-overexpressing HepG2 cell lines and provided useful information for a broader use of these cells in pharmacologic and toxicologic research.
{"title":"Characterization of cytochrome P450s (CYP)-overexpressing HepG2 cells for assessing drug and chemical-induced liver toxicity.","authors":"Si Chen, Qiangen Wu, Xilin Li, Dongying Li, Nan Mei, Baitang Ning, Montserrat Puig, Zhen Ren, William H Tolleson, Lei Guo","doi":"10.1080/26896583.2021.1880242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26896583.2021.1880242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatic metabolism catalyzed by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily affects liver toxicity associated with exposures to natural compounds and xenobiotic agents. Previously we generated a battery of HepG2-derived stable cell lines that individually express 14 CYPs (1A1, 1A2, 1B1, 2A6, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C18, 2C19, 2D6, 2E1, 3A4, 3A5, and 3A7). In this study, we comprehensively characterized each cell line for its CYP expression and enzyme activity. Specifically, we measured the mRNA expression, protein expression, and metabolite formation. Using CYP3A4, 2D6, and 2C9-overexpressing cells as representatives, we examined the stability of these cells in long-term cultures for up to 10 passages. The results showed that CYPs can be stably overexpressed for up to 10 cell culture passages without losing their activities. The robustness of responses to stimuli among the cells at different passages was also investigated in CYP3A4-overexpressing cells and the response to amiodarone and dronedarone showed no difference between the cells at the passage 2 and 10. Moreover, the mRNA expression level of most CYPs was higher in CYP-overexpressing HepG2 cells than that in HepaRG cells and primary human hepatocytes. This study confirmed the stability of CYP-overexpressing HepG2 cell lines and provided useful information for a broader use of these cells in pharmacologic and toxicologic research.</p>","PeriodicalId":53200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part C-Toxicology and Carcinogenesis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/26896583.2021.1880242","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25361482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01Epub Date: 2021-06-11DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2021.1916331
Onyinyechi Bede-Ojimadu, Chinna N Orish, Beatrice Bocca, Flavia Ruggieri, Chiara Frazzoli, Orish E Orisakwe
This systematic review aimed to evaluate existing evidence on the associations between trace elements exposure and age-related eye diseases. PubMed and Google scholar databases were searched for epidemiological and postmortem studies on the relationship between exposure to trace elements and Age-related eye diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cataract, glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy (DR), in population groups aged 40 years and above. Available evidence suggests that cadmium (Cd) exposure may be positively associated with the risks of AMD and cataract. There is also evidence that exposure to lead (Pb) may be positively associated with higher risk of cataract and glaucoma. There is limited number of relevant studies and lack of prospective studies for most of the investigated associations. Evidence for other trace elements is weak and inconsistent, and the number of available studies is small. Likewise, there are very few relevant studies on the role of trace elements in DR. Chemical elements that affect the distribution and absorption of other trace elements have never been investigated. The suggestive but limited evidence motivates large and quality prospective studies to fully characterize the impact of exposure to trace (toxic and essential) elements on age-related eye diseases.
{"title":"Trace elements exposure and risk in age-related eye diseases: a systematic review of epidemiological evidence.","authors":"Onyinyechi Bede-Ojimadu, Chinna N Orish, Beatrice Bocca, Flavia Ruggieri, Chiara Frazzoli, Orish E Orisakwe","doi":"10.1080/26896583.2021.1916331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26896583.2021.1916331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This systematic review aimed to evaluate existing evidence on the associations between trace elements exposure and age-related eye diseases. PubMed and Google scholar databases were searched for epidemiological and postmortem studies on the relationship between exposure to trace elements and Age-related eye diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cataract, glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy (DR), in population groups aged 40 years and above. Available evidence suggests that cadmium (Cd) exposure may be positively associated with the risks of AMD and cataract. There is also evidence that exposure to lead (Pb) may be positively associated with higher risk of cataract and glaucoma. There is limited number of relevant studies and lack of prospective studies for most of the investigated associations. Evidence for other trace elements is weak and inconsistent, and the number of available studies is small. Likewise, there are very few relevant studies on the role of trace elements in DR. Chemical elements that affect the distribution and absorption of other trace elements have never been investigated. The suggestive but limited evidence motivates large and quality prospective studies to fully characterize the impact of exposure to trace (toxic and essential) elements on age-related eye diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":53200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part C-Toxicology and Carcinogenesis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/26896583.2021.1916331","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39082419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01Epub Date: 2021-09-09DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2021.1969846
Serkan Sugeçti, Benay Tunçsoy, Ender Büyükgüzel, Pınar Özalp, Kemal Büyükgüzel
Nanoparticles (NPs) are now being used in many industrial activities, such as mining, paint and glass industries. The frequent industrial use of NPs contributes to environmental pollution and may cause cellular and oxidative damage in native organisms. In this study, the toxic effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) were investigated using Galleria mellonella larvae as a model insect species. Alterations in cell damage indicators, such as alanine transferase, aspartate transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, non-enzymatic antioxidants and biochemical parameters, were determined in the hemolymph of G. mellonella larvae exposed to TiO2 NPs at different concentrations (5, 50, 250 and 1250 μg/mL) in their diets. TiO2 NPs caused concentration-dependent cellular damage in the hemolymph of G. mellonella larvae and increased the levels of the non-enzymatic antioxidants uric acid and bilirubin. In addition, total protein in hemolymph significantly decreased at the highest concentration (1250 μg/mL) of TiO2 NPs. Level of the urea increased at the highest concentration (1250 μg/mL) of TiO2 NPs, whereas the amount of glucose was not affected. These findings demonstrated that TiO2 NPs caused concentration-dependent toxic effects on G. mellonella larvae.
{"title":"Ecotoxicological effects of dietary titanium dioxide nanoparticles on metabolic and biochemical parameters of model organism <i>Galleria mellonella</i> (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).","authors":"Serkan Sugeçti, Benay Tunçsoy, Ender Büyükgüzel, Pınar Özalp, Kemal Büyükgüzel","doi":"10.1080/26896583.2021.1969846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26896583.2021.1969846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanoparticles (NPs) are now being used in many industrial activities, such as mining, paint and glass industries. The frequent industrial use of NPs contributes to environmental pollution and may cause cellular and oxidative damage in native organisms. In this study, the toxic effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs) were investigated using <i>Galleria mellonella</i> larvae as a model insect species. Alterations in cell damage indicators, such as alanine transferase, aspartate transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, non-enzymatic antioxidants and biochemical parameters, were determined in the hemolymph of <i>G. mellonella</i> larvae exposed to TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs at different concentrations (5, 50, 250 and 1250 μg/mL) in their diets. TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs caused concentration-dependent cellular damage in the hemolymph of <i>G. mellonella</i> larvae and increased the levels of the non-enzymatic antioxidants uric acid and bilirubin. In addition, total protein in hemolymph significantly decreased at the highest concentration (1250 μg/mL) of TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs. Level of the urea increased at the highest concentration (1250 μg/mL) of TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs, whereas the amount of glucose was not affected. These findings demonstrated that TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs caused concentration-dependent toxic effects on <i>G. mellonella</i> larvae.</p>","PeriodicalId":53200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part C-Toxicology and Carcinogenesis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40550932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01Epub Date: 2021-08-24DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2021.1965851
Ofem E Eteng, Ceaser A Moses, Emmanuel I Ugwor, Joe E Enobong, Adio J Akamo, Dorcas I Akinloye, Irene O Sadiku, Arikpo Iwara, Eyong Ubana
This study investigated the effects of Sudan IV dye (S4D) on antioxidant biomarkers using palm oil adulterated with S4D. Thirty male albino rats were grouped into five (n = 6); Normal control, palm oil (PO), PO + S4D (100 mg/kg), PO + S4D (250 mg/kg), and S4D (250 mg/kg) for 21 days. Oxidative stress biomarkers were assessed in the serum, liver, and kidneys. Exposure to S4D (alone and in adulterated PO) occasioned significant depletions in the activities of SOD, CAT, and GPx, as well as GSH levels in the assessed compartments. Contrastingly, the levels of NO and MDA were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in the serum, liver, and kidney of rats exposed to PO + S4D (both doses) and S4D (250 mg/kg) when compared to control rats. Further, the expressions of the genes coding for CAT, GPx-1, GSR, and Nrf-2 were significantly (p < 0.05) down-regulated, relative to β-actin, in groups exposed to S4D compared to the control. Interestingly, these parameters were not significantly different (p > 0.05) in the unadulterated PO-exposed rats compared to the control. These results show that S4D depleted the antioxidant capacities, while potentiating the generation of reactive species and oxidative damage. This study provides useful information on the oxidative mechanisms associated with consumption of S4D-containing consumer products.
本研究利用掺入S4D的棕榈油,研究了苏丹IV染料(S4D)对抗氧化生物标志物的影响。雄性白化大鼠30只,每组5只(n = 6);正常对照,棕榈油(PO), PO + S4D (100 mg/kg), PO + S4D (250 mg/kg), S4D (250 mg/kg),持续21天。在血清、肝脏和肾脏中评估氧化应激生物标志物。暴露于S4D(单独和掺假PO)引起SOD, CAT和GPx活性的显著减少,以及评估室中GSH水平的降低。与对照组相比,未掺入po的大鼠一氧化氮和丙二醛水平显著升高(p p p > 0.05)。这些结果表明,S4D降低了抗氧化能力,同时促进了活性物质的产生和氧化损伤。这项研究提供了与消费含s4d消费品有关的氧化机制的有用信息。
{"title":"Sub-acute exposure to Sudan IV-adulterated palm oil induces oxidative stress and represses the expression of Nrf2 and antioxidant genes in male albino rats.","authors":"Ofem E Eteng, Ceaser A Moses, Emmanuel I Ugwor, Joe E Enobong, Adio J Akamo, Dorcas I Akinloye, Irene O Sadiku, Arikpo Iwara, Eyong Ubana","doi":"10.1080/26896583.2021.1965851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26896583.2021.1965851","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the effects of Sudan IV dye (S4D) on antioxidant biomarkers using palm oil adulterated with S4D. Thirty male albino rats were grouped into five (n = 6); Normal control, palm oil (PO), PO + S4D (100 mg/kg), PO + S4D (250 mg/kg), and S4D (250 mg/kg) for 21 days. Oxidative stress biomarkers were assessed in the serum, liver, and kidneys. Exposure to S4D (alone and in adulterated PO) occasioned significant depletions in the activities of SOD, CAT, and GPx, as well as GSH levels in the assessed compartments. Contrastingly, the levels of NO and MDA were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) increased in the serum, liver, and kidney of rats exposed to PO + S4D (both doses) and S4D (250 mg/kg) when compared to control rats. Further, the expressions of the genes coding for CAT, GPx-1, GSR, and Nrf-2 were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) down-regulated, relative to β-actin, in groups exposed to S4D compared to the control. Interestingly, these parameters were not significantly different (<i>p</i> > 0.05) in the unadulterated PO-exposed rats compared to the control. These results show that S4D depleted the antioxidant capacities, while potentiating the generation of reactive species and oxidative damage. This study provides useful information on the oxidative mechanisms associated with consumption of S4D-containing consumer products.</p>","PeriodicalId":53200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part C-Toxicology and Carcinogenesis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40550933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01Epub Date: 2021-05-06DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2021.1883964
Domenico Gadaleta, Emilio Benfenati
Cancer is a main concern for human health and there is a need of alternative methodologies to rapidly screen large quantitative of compounds that may represent a toxicological risk. Here a statistical analyses is performed on a benchmark database of experimental Ames data to identify chemical descriptors discriminating mutagens and non-mutagens. A total of 53 activating and deactivating modulators are identified, that flagged respectively a percentage of mutagen and non-mutagen up to 87%. Modulators are further combined to form synergistic cross-terms, accounting for the effect that combined properties may have on the final toxicity. Exclusion rules are defined as exception to the modulators. Synergistic cross-terms and exclusion rules improve the enrichment of mutagens/non-mutagens with respect of the original abundance in the dataset to values higher than 95%. The external predictivity of modulators and cross-terms reach balanced accuracy up to 0.775 that is analogous to other mutagenicity models from the literature, confirming the suitability of the rules to real-life screening of chemicals. Modulators are discussed for their mechanistic link to mutagenicity. This analysis confirms the key role of some properties (polarizability, shape, mass, presence of reactive functional groups or unsaturated planar systems) as driving elements for the initiation of the mutagenicity.
{"title":"A descriptor-based analysis to highlight the mechanistic rationale of mutagenicity.","authors":"Domenico Gadaleta, Emilio Benfenati","doi":"10.1080/26896583.2021.1883964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26896583.2021.1883964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer is a main concern for human health and there is a need of alternative methodologies to rapidly screen large quantitative of compounds that may represent a toxicological risk. Here a statistical analyses is performed on a benchmark database of experimental Ames data to identify chemical descriptors discriminating mutagens and non-mutagens. A total of 53 activating and deactivating modulators are identified, that flagged respectively a percentage of mutagen and non-mutagen up to 87%. Modulators are further combined to form synergistic cross-terms, accounting for the effect that combined properties may have on the final toxicity. Exclusion rules are defined as exception to the modulators. Synergistic cross-terms and exclusion rules improve the enrichment of mutagens/non-mutagens with respect of the original abundance in the dataset to values higher than 95%. The external predictivity of modulators and cross-terms reach balanced accuracy up to 0.775 that is analogous to other mutagenicity models from the literature, confirming the suitability of the rules to real-life screening of chemicals. Modulators are discussed for their mechanistic link to mutagenicity. This analysis confirms the key role of some properties (polarizability, shape, mass, presence of reactive functional groups or unsaturated planar systems) as driving elements for the initiation of the mutagenicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":53200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part C-Toxicology and Carcinogenesis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/26896583.2021.1883964","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38955327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Environmental pollution by heavy metal ions, organic pollutants, oils, pesticides or dyes is a ubiquitous problem adversely affecting human health and environmental ecology. Development and application novel adsorbents in full-scale treatment systems with effectiveness properties could effective ways to facilitate the extraction and adsorption of environment pollutants from wastewater. Graphene materials have drawn much attention due to their extraordinary electron mobilities, high surface areas, good thermal conductivities, and excellent mechanical properties. Three-dimensional graphene materials can provide the inherent advantages of 2D graphene sheets and exhibit micro/nanoporous structures, increased specific surface areas, high electron conductivities, fast mass transport kinetics, and strong mechanical strength. Potential applications for 3D graphene materials include environmental remediation, chemical and biological sensing, catalysis, and super capacitors. Recent advances in the applications of 3D functionalized graphene materials (3D FGMs) doped with heteroatoms for the extraction and adsorption of environmental pollutants in wastewater are summarized in this review.
{"title":"Three dimensional graphene materials doped with heteroatoms for extraction and adsorption of environmental pollutants in wastewater.","authors":"Zhiyong Guo, Yufeng Feng, Chen Zhang, Guihua Huang, Jinxin Chi, Qiuhong Yao, Guofeng Zhang, Xi Chen","doi":"10.1080/26896583.2020.1863725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26896583.2020.1863725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Environmental pollution by heavy metal ions, organic pollutants, oils, pesticides or dyes is a ubiquitous problem adversely affecting human health and environmental ecology. Development and application novel adsorbents in full-scale treatment systems with effectiveness properties could effective ways to facilitate the extraction and adsorption of environment pollutants from wastewater. Graphene materials have drawn much attention due to their extraordinary electron mobilities, high surface areas, good thermal conductivities, and excellent mechanical properties. Three-dimensional graphene materials can provide the inherent advantages of 2D graphene sheets and exhibit micro/nanoporous structures, increased specific surface areas, high electron conductivities, fast mass transport kinetics, and strong mechanical strength. Potential applications for 3D graphene materials include environmental remediation, chemical and biological sensing, catalysis, and super capacitors. Recent advances in the applications of 3D functionalized graphene materials (3D FGMs) doped with heteroatoms for the extraction and adsorption of environmental pollutants in wastewater are summarized in this review.</p>","PeriodicalId":53200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part C-Toxicology and Carcinogenesis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/26896583.2020.1863725","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25343458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}