Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1980-6248-2020-0107en
José Maria Alves da Silva
Abstract Youth pathways are significant for studying the reconfigurations that happen in the contemporary world, in its various social spheres. Youth is the social contingent most directly exposed to the dilemmas of our society, and nowadays unemployment rates among young people in the country are expressive. In addition to the barriers to entering and keeping a first job, the difficulties they face to remain in a decent and protected job are even greater. The data also show that informality is higher in this group when compared to the group of the adults. Regarding the condition of formal employment, the presence of young people in occupations with greater turnover and temporary entries is notorious. In this sense, aiming at unveiling the pathways of work built up by part of the Brazilian working youth, this study intends, by using singular paths and jointly triangulating with national databases, to analyze two forms of entry in the job market: the first job through the youth apprenticeship law and employment in the telemarketing sector. The young people pathways analyzed contributed to the flexible forms of employment being a gateway to the exercise of a paid activity. However, the great transformation that has occurred in recent years lies in the fact that both precarious jobs and new forms of underemployment – apprentices and telemarketing operators – assume less and less the form of a bridge leading to job stability. For many young people, this type of job stopped being a particular biographical event to become a way of life.
{"title":"Pathways of work: precarious jobs and temporary entries","authors":"José Maria Alves da Silva","doi":"10.1590/1980-6248-2020-0107en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-6248-2020-0107en","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Youth pathways are significant for studying the reconfigurations that happen in the contemporary world, in its various social spheres. Youth is the social contingent most directly exposed to the dilemmas of our society, and nowadays unemployment rates among young people in the country are expressive. In addition to the barriers to entering and keeping a first job, the difficulties they face to remain in a decent and protected job are even greater. The data also show that informality is higher in this group when compared to the group of the adults. Regarding the condition of formal employment, the presence of young people in occupations with greater turnover and temporary entries is notorious. In this sense, aiming at unveiling the pathways of work built up by part of the Brazilian working youth, this study intends, by using singular paths and jointly triangulating with national databases, to analyze two forms of entry in the job market: the first job through the youth apprenticeship law and employment in the telemarketing sector. The young people pathways analyzed contributed to the flexible forms of employment being a gateway to the exercise of a paid activity. However, the great transformation that has occurred in recent years lies in the fact that both precarious jobs and new forms of underemployment – apprentices and telemarketing operators – assume less and less the form of a bridge leading to job stability. For many young people, this type of job stopped being a particular biographical event to become a way of life.","PeriodicalId":53251,"journal":{"name":"ProPosicoes","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67320717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0056en
Flávia Liparini-Pereira, Mônica Caicedo-Roa, Luana Marçon, N. Barros
Abstract This essay was developed based on an active perspective of knowledge production adapted from the problem-based learning (PBL) methodology. It sought to collectively and interdisciplinarily analyze the categories of sex and gender. A total of 103 references were consulted, discussed by 24 students in Collective Health. A theoretical synthesis was elaborated about the individual and collective investigations and experiences of the students and professor regarding the topic. This pedagogical experience allowed us to understand the power of language has in maintaining or subverting hegemonic structures. In conclusion, the constructions and fixations of identities based on highly regulated sex/gender practices reduce the possible multiplicities of being in the world.
{"title":"Agency and autonomy: building knowledge about social differences based on sex and gender","authors":"Flávia Liparini-Pereira, Mônica Caicedo-Roa, Luana Marçon, N. Barros","doi":"10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0056en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0056en","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This essay was developed based on an active perspective of knowledge production adapted from the problem-based learning (PBL) methodology. It sought to collectively and interdisciplinarily analyze the categories of sex and gender. A total of 103 references were consulted, discussed by 24 students in Collective Health. A theoretical synthesis was elaborated about the individual and collective investigations and experiences of the students and professor regarding the topic. This pedagogical experience allowed us to understand the power of language has in maintaining or subverting hegemonic structures. In conclusion, the constructions and fixations of identities based on highly regulated sex/gender practices reduce the possible multiplicities of being in the world.","PeriodicalId":53251,"journal":{"name":"ProPosicoes","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67321724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0101en
Luís Antonio Groppo, Kimi Tomizaki, Mariana Corrochano, L. Borges, Flávia Ginzel, Carusa Biliatto
{"title":"“An act of freedom”: secondary students movement in São Paulo, Brazil, 2015","authors":"Luís Antonio Groppo, Kimi Tomizaki, Mariana Corrochano, L. Borges, Flávia Ginzel, Carusa Biliatto","doi":"10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0101en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0101en","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53251,"journal":{"name":"ProPosicoes","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67321976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0002en
Dimitrius Gonçalves Machado
Abstract This article aims to analyze and comprehend of which childhood Augusto Cury speaks when talking about childhood in his self-help works geared toward education, seeking to trace discursive traits that contribute to understanding to which government it is linked. The analysis produced in this text is based on an alliance with the theoretical framework of Foucauldian studies, examining power-knowledge relations that lead — according to a particular regime of truth about childhood — to how we categorize individuals seen as immature as having specific characteristics. By focusing on the discourses in which Cury serves as a nexus of meaning and, at the same time, disseminates particular discourses about childhood, I was able to organize two childhood characteristics that are central to his arguments: immaturity and dependence. Thus, I seek to contribute to discussions on the proliferation of self-help literature geared toward education in order to denaturalize discourses that affect us in order to invisibilize the relations of production of meaning on how we understand certain individuals as children.
{"title":"Childhood in Augusto Cury: an analysis of the government of childhood in the overflow of self-help literature in Education","authors":"Dimitrius Gonçalves Machado","doi":"10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0002en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0002en","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article aims to analyze and comprehend of which childhood Augusto Cury speaks when talking about childhood in his self-help works geared toward education, seeking to trace discursive traits that contribute to understanding to which government it is linked. The analysis produced in this text is based on an alliance with the theoretical framework of Foucauldian studies, examining power-knowledge relations that lead — according to a particular regime of truth about childhood — to how we categorize individuals seen as immature as having specific characteristics. By focusing on the discourses in which Cury serves as a nexus of meaning and, at the same time, disseminates particular discourses about childhood, I was able to organize two childhood characteristics that are central to his arguments: immaturity and dependence. Thus, I seek to contribute to discussions on the proliferation of self-help literature geared toward education in order to denaturalize discourses that affect us in order to invisibilize the relations of production of meaning on how we understand certain individuals as children.","PeriodicalId":53251,"journal":{"name":"ProPosicoes","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67321324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0063en
M. Felgueiras
Abstract Repercussions of the Empire in Portuguese Education (1906 to 1951). Breaking new ground in a little-explored field, this text addresses the question of the image of the colonies and the colonized in the context of Portuguese education (1906 to 1951) through Portuguese textbooks and a manual to teach indigenous Angolan children. The latter was edited in two moments - we suppose at the beginning of the Republic and in re-editions during the Dictatorship. We used materials referring to the first colonial exhibition in 1934 and the 1940 Portuguese World exhibition. The work is situated in the perspective of postcolonial studies, attempting to re-read colonialism in Portuguese education. We used heterogeneous sources and raised some questions to point out that much is yet to be studied.
{"title":"Repercussions of the Empire in the Portuguese education (1906 - 1951). Breaking new ground in a little-explored field","authors":"M. Felgueiras","doi":"10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0063en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0063en","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Repercussions of the Empire in Portuguese Education (1906 to 1951). Breaking new ground in a little-explored field, this text addresses the question of the image of the colonies and the colonized in the context of Portuguese education (1906 to 1951) through Portuguese textbooks and a manual to teach indigenous Angolan children. The latter was edited in two moments - we suppose at the beginning of the Republic and in re-editions during the Dictatorship. We used materials referring to the first colonial exhibition in 1934 and the 1940 Portuguese World exhibition. The work is situated in the perspective of postcolonial studies, attempting to re-read colonialism in Portuguese education. We used heterogeneous sources and raised some questions to point out that much is yet to be studied.","PeriodicalId":53251,"journal":{"name":"ProPosicoes","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67321874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0033en
Patrícia Vieira Trópia, Davisson Charles Cangussu de Souza
Abstract The article analyzes the occupational profile of federal university students according to the following divisions: working student, non-working student, and student seeking work. Thus, it was possible to identify distinct socioeconomic profiles and asymmetries that affect how working students and, especially, non-working students access academic opportunities and university life. Considering the microdata of the Andifes Profile Surveys, it is concluded that the doors of the Ifes remain half open for working students and for students who, although non-working, are seeking work, which makes them even more vulnerable and dependent on public policies of assistance and permanence.
{"title":"The doors remain half open: working students at federal universities","authors":"Patrícia Vieira Trópia, Davisson Charles Cangussu de Souza","doi":"10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0033en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0033en","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article analyzes the occupational profile of federal university students according to the following divisions: working student, non-working student, and student seeking work. Thus, it was possible to identify distinct socioeconomic profiles and asymmetries that affect how working students and, especially, non-working students access academic opportunities and university life. Considering the microdata of the Andifes Profile Surveys, it is concluded that the doors of the Ifes remain half open for working students and for students who, although non-working, are seeking work, which makes them even more vulnerable and dependent on public policies of assistance and permanence.","PeriodicalId":53251,"journal":{"name":"ProPosicoes","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67321211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0087en
Octavio Zimbico
Abstract Identity building through primary schooling projects in colonial (1930-1974) and postcolonial (1975-1990) Mozambique is at the center of debate of this text, which has as its problem the fact that admission, schooling and, completion and dropout in both periods have been below expectations, which poses the challenge of identifying the factors and mechanisms of this trend and reflections to understand this phenomenon. The goal is to understand schooling in the face of antagonistic educational projects: on the one hand, the colonial, through which the colonial political and administrative machine intended to civilize, dominate and exploit the natives; on the other, the post-independence Mozambican educational project through which it was intended to form the “new man”. In methodological terms, the literature review, the analysis of the legislation, statistics and content of Tempo Magazine were the basis of this text. The main findings highlight: first, that political and economic factors, both in the colonial as well as in the postcolonial period, undermined efforts to universalize education; second, that both projects intended to educate Mozambicans according to their objectives and principles, with the libertarian mindset prevailing over that of domination and alienation.
{"title":"The construction of Mozambican colonial and postcolonial identity through schooling projects: from 1930 to 1990","authors":"Octavio Zimbico","doi":"10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0087en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0087en","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Identity building through primary schooling projects in colonial (1930-1974) and postcolonial (1975-1990) Mozambique is at the center of debate of this text, which has as its problem the fact that admission, schooling and, completion and dropout in both periods have been below expectations, which poses the challenge of identifying the factors and mechanisms of this trend and reflections to understand this phenomenon. The goal is to understand schooling in the face of antagonistic educational projects: on the one hand, the colonial, through which the colonial political and administrative machine intended to civilize, dominate and exploit the natives; on the other, the post-independence Mozambican educational project through which it was intended to form the “new man”. In methodological terms, the literature review, the analysis of the legislation, statistics and content of Tempo Magazine were the basis of this text. The main findings highlight: first, that political and economic factors, both in the colonial as well as in the postcolonial period, undermined efforts to universalize education; second, that both projects intended to educate Mozambicans according to their objectives and principles, with the libertarian mindset prevailing over that of domination and alienation.","PeriodicalId":53251,"journal":{"name":"ProPosicoes","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67321553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0129en
Rubia de Araujo Ramos, Débora Cristina Goulart, Maria Jacomini
Abstract This paper analyses the students’ experience in relation to schools occupancy movements in 2015 and their perceptions and opinions on educational policy of the State of São Paulo from 1995 to 2018. We conducted a documentary and bibliographic research on São Paulo’s educational policy and interviews with former high school students who participated in schools occupancy. The concept of “experience” is used for the analysis of empirical material and the notion of New Public Management (NPM) under the influence of neoliberalism is used to understand educational policy. We verified that students, based on their experiences, formulated criticisms and expectations regarding the programs and projects of the São Paulo State Secretariat of Education (SEE-SP). They are criticisms that defend a universal, plural and democratic school as opposed to managerialism and the New Public Management.
{"title":"Experiences, perceptions and expectations of students in managerial school of Educational network of São Paulo","authors":"Rubia de Araujo Ramos, Débora Cristina Goulart, Maria Jacomini","doi":"10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0129en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0129en","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper analyses the students’ experience in relation to schools occupancy movements in 2015 and their perceptions and opinions on educational policy of the State of São Paulo from 1995 to 2018. We conducted a documentary and bibliographic research on São Paulo’s educational policy and interviews with former high school students who participated in schools occupancy. The concept of “experience” is used for the analysis of empirical material and the notion of New Public Management (NPM) under the influence of neoliberalism is used to understand educational policy. We verified that students, based on their experiences, formulated criticisms and expectations regarding the programs and projects of the São Paulo State Secretariat of Education (SEE-SP). They are criticisms that defend a universal, plural and democratic school as opposed to managerialism and the New Public Management.","PeriodicalId":53251,"journal":{"name":"ProPosicoes","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67322318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0066en
Eduardo Galak
Abstract This paper examines the possibilities of interpreting sport and leisure as potential human rights, considering the openness of contemporary times to recognizing bodies as diverse. Against this humanistic and romantic idea of conceiving sports and leisure as human rights, albeit recognizing the importance of defending body practices as central to our cultures and safeguarding the possibilities and desires regarding “free” time, I argue that sports and leisure viewed as human rights end up universalizing the diversity of bodily practices, and thereby homogenizing the diversity of bodies.
{"title":"Homogeneity, heterogeneity, and body practices. Sport, Leisure, Human Rights and Diverse Bodies","authors":"Eduardo Galak","doi":"10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0066en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0066en","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper examines the possibilities of interpreting sport and leisure as potential human rights, considering the openness of contemporary times to recognizing bodies as diverse. Against this humanistic and romantic idea of conceiving sports and leisure as human rights, albeit recognizing the importance of defending body practices as central to our cultures and safeguarding the possibilities and desires regarding “free” time, I argue that sports and leisure viewed as human rights end up universalizing the diversity of bodily practices, and thereby homogenizing the diversity of bodies.","PeriodicalId":53251,"journal":{"name":"ProPosicoes","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67321600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0103en
T. Garcia, Theresa Adrião, Nadia Drabach, Maria Santos
Abstract This article analyzes the 2nd generation of public education privatization in São Paulo. Such categorization stems from a study of the processes that institutionalized the incidence of the private business sector in education since 1995. The period corresponds to the effectiveness of Resolution SEE no. 24, of April 5, 2005, during the Alckmin administration, which incorporated the recently created Associação Parceiros da Educação, a network of entrepreneurs, and instituted the Empresa Educadora program. The documentary research and the analysis of the educational offer conditions in 21 school units in the state of São Paulo indicated that the objective of promoting the improvement of the educational offer conditions was not verified. Corporate action in educational policy in an articulated way, however, was implemented.
摘要本文对圣保罗第二代公立教育私有化进行了分析。这种分类源于对1995年以来将私营企业部门在教育中的作用制度化的进程的研究。该期限与决议(SEE no. 1)的有效性相对应。2005年4月5日，在阿尔克明政府执政期间，该政府将最近成立的企业家网络协会(associa o parceros da educa o)合并，并制定了“教育女皇”计划。文献研究和分析在圣保罗州的21个学校单位的教育提供条件表明，促进教育提供条件的改善的目标没有得到验证。然而，以明确的方式在教育政策方面采取了共同行动。
{"title":"Second generation of privatization of education in São Paulo: the systemic articulation of business actors","authors":"T. Garcia, Theresa Adrião, Nadia Drabach, Maria Santos","doi":"10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0103en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-6248-2021-0103en","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article analyzes the 2nd generation of public education privatization in São Paulo. Such categorization stems from a study of the processes that institutionalized the incidence of the private business sector in education since 1995. The period corresponds to the effectiveness of Resolution SEE no. 24, of April 5, 2005, during the Alckmin administration, which incorporated the recently created Associação Parceiros da Educação, a network of entrepreneurs, and instituted the Empresa Educadora program. The documentary research and the analysis of the educational offer conditions in 21 school units in the state of São Paulo indicated that the objective of promoting the improvement of the educational offer conditions was not verified. Corporate action in educational policy in an articulated way, however, was implemented.","PeriodicalId":53251,"journal":{"name":"ProPosicoes","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67322055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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