Pub Date : 2022-06-20DOI: 10.18502/jehsd.v7i2.9787
Z. Ghaedrahmat, H. Almasi, Razegheh Akhbarizadeh, M. Ahmadi
Introduction: Road dust is a group of solid particles that are presented in the urban areas and are originated from both natural and human-induced sources. This study aims to determine concentrations of heavy metals in urban dusts in Behbahan to identify their natural or anthropogenic sources. Materials and Methods: In this study, a total of 20 samples were collected from main roads with different land uses, including residential, industrial, and commercial areas in Behbahan city, Khuzestan province. Results: The results of mineralogy identification showed that calcite, dolomite, quartz, albite, and gypsum were the most identified minerals in dust samples. In addition, heavy metals of As, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Fe, Ni, Zn, Pb, Sb, U, Cd, Hg, and Mo were investigated in the collected settled road dust. The results indicated that the level of heavy metals, such as Co and Sb in the places with high traffic load were much higher than other areas. The highest Igeo value for Pb, Cu, and Sb were 1.39, 2.19, 2.46, respectively, suggesting that Pb, Cu, and Sb in the road dust were originated from the anthropogenic sources. Moreover, the results demonstrated that road dust may pose serious health threats to humans (both adults and children). Conclusion: In this study, the concentration of heavy metals in road dust of Behbahan was investigated. The concentration of heavy metals, such as Cu, Zn, Ni, As, Cr, Pb, U, and Fe in the road dust of the commercial section were much higher than other sections.
{"title":"Assessment of Heavy Metals in Road Dust of Behbahan City, Iran: Distribution, Sources and Health Risks","authors":"Z. Ghaedrahmat, H. Almasi, Razegheh Akhbarizadeh, M. Ahmadi","doi":"10.18502/jehsd.v7i2.9787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jehsd.v7i2.9787","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Road dust is a group of solid particles that are presented in the urban areas and are originated from both natural and human-induced sources. This study aims to determine concentrations of heavy metals in urban dusts in Behbahan to identify their natural or anthropogenic sources. \u0000Materials and Methods: In this study, a total of 20 samples were collected from main roads with different land uses, including residential, industrial, and commercial areas in Behbahan city, Khuzestan province. \u0000Results: The results of mineralogy identification showed that calcite, dolomite, quartz, albite, and gypsum were the most identified minerals in dust samples. In addition, heavy metals of As, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Fe, Ni, Zn, Pb, Sb, U, Cd, Hg, and Mo were investigated in the collected settled road dust. The results indicated that the level of heavy metals, such as Co and Sb in the places with high traffic load were much higher than other areas. The highest Igeo value for Pb, Cu, and Sb were 1.39, 2.19, 2.46, respectively, suggesting that Pb, Cu, and Sb in the road dust were originated from the anthropogenic sources. Moreover, the results demonstrated that road dust may pose serious health threats to humans (both adults and children). \u0000Conclusion: In this study, the concentration of heavy metals in road dust of Behbahan was investigated. The concentration of heavy metals, such as Cu, Zn, Ni, As, Cr, Pb, U, and Fe in the road dust of the commercial section were much higher than other sections.","PeriodicalId":53380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42989617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8969
Sepideh Tousizadeh, Mansoor Salehi, F. Mohammadi-Moghadam, Behnaz Tousizadeh, S. Hemati
Introduction: Gaseous air pollutants can cause oxidative stress, which can lead to lung damage by inducing inflammation. Polymorphisms in the glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene are involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including lung disease. Two glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 (GSTM1) and glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1) genes belong to this family, in which deletions occur and the resulting alleles are unable to produce active enzymes. Materials and Methods: In this study, 41 steel plant workers with impaired lung function were selected. Multiplex PCR technique was used to identify the genotyping of GST M1 and T1. Results: The results of the frequency of gene deletion among 41 patients showed that there were 10 individuals (17.2%) with deletion of GSTM1 gene, 4 individuals (11.8%) with deletion of GSTT1 gene. The results of the frequency of gene deletion among 50 healthy individuals (control group) also showed that there were 8 individuals (8.5%) with deletion of GSTM1 gene, and 12 individuals (8.3%) with deletion of GSTT1 gene. There were 7 individuals (14%) without deletion of GSTM1 and GSTT1 removal. The results of Chi-square test between healthy and sick groups showed no significance at the level of p < 0.05. Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that the sensitivity to lung function abnormalities in steel workers is directly related to the duration of employment.
{"title":"Investigation of the Relationship between Genetic Polymorphisms in GSTM1 and GSTT1 Genes and Susceptibility to Lung Functional Abnormalities in Workers Exposed to Air Pollutants at Isfahan Steel Plant","authors":"Sepideh Tousizadeh, Mansoor Salehi, F. Mohammadi-Moghadam, Behnaz Tousizadeh, S. Hemati","doi":"10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8969","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Gaseous air pollutants can cause oxidative stress, which can lead to lung damage by inducing inflammation. Polymorphisms in the glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene are involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including lung disease. Two glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 (GSTM1) and glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1) genes belong to this family, in which deletions occur and the resulting alleles are unable to produce active enzymes. \u0000Materials and Methods: In this study, 41 steel plant workers with impaired lung function were selected. Multiplex PCR technique was used to identify the genotyping of GST M1 and T1. \u0000Results: The results of the frequency of gene deletion among 41 patients showed that there were 10 individuals (17.2%) with deletion of GSTM1 gene, 4 individuals (11.8%) with deletion of GSTT1 gene. The results of the frequency of gene deletion among 50 healthy individuals (control group) also showed that there were 8 individuals (8.5%) with deletion of GSTM1 gene, and 12 individuals (8.3%) with deletion of GSTT1 gene. There were 7 individuals (14%) without deletion of GSTM1 and GSTT1 removal. The results of Chi-square test between healthy and sick groups showed no significance at the level of p < 0.05. \u0000Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that the sensitivity to lung function abnormalities in steel workers is directly related to the duration of employment.","PeriodicalId":53380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44890419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8962
R. Aali, A. Shahryari
The article's abstract is not available.
这篇文章的摘要不可用。
{"title":"Ecological Problems of Gorgan Bay in the Southeast Corner of the Caspian Sea (Iran) and Ways of Improvement","authors":"R. Aali, A. Shahryari","doi":"10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8962","url":null,"abstract":"The article's abstract is not available.","PeriodicalId":53380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45315677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8966
M. Dolatabadi, Z. Hajebrahimi, Roya Malekahmadi, Saeid Ahmadzadeh
Introduction: Acetamiprid (AP) is one of the most widely used pesticides in the neonicotinoid class. AP residues in the environment have received considerable due to their potential toxicity to humans. Therefore, it is important to remove AP from the aqueous solution. Materials and Methods: In the current study, response surface methodology (RSM) was used as an efficient approach to optimize the removal of AP using the electro-Fenton (EF) process. The effects of the main variables, including reaction time, AP concentration, current density, and H2O2 dosage were investigated and optimized. ANOVA technique was also used to identify the Fisher’s value (F-value) and P-value of the model. Results: The predicted AP removal efficiency by the model was in good agreement with the obtained experimental results with correlation regression of 0.9885. The ANOVA test proved that the developed quadratic model was significant with very low P-values less than 0.05, the high F-value of 240.1, and regression coefficients close to 1 at a 95% confidence level. The optimum condition for AP removal efficiency of 99.02% was attained at the reaction time of 12 min, AP concentration of 3.5 mg L-1, the current density of 12 mA cm-2, and H2O2 dosage of 86 µL. Conclusion: RSM was employed as a suitable method to optimize the operating condition and maximize the AP removal. Herein, the EF process as an eco-friendly electrochemical advanced oxidation process (EAOP) successfully applied to remove AP from the water and wastewater.
前言：乙酰胺磷（AP）是新烟碱类农药中应用最广泛的一种。AP在环境中的残留由于其对人类的潜在毒性而受到重视。因此，从水溶液中去除AP是很重要的。材料和方法：在本研究中，响应面法（RSM）被用作优化电芬顿（EF）工艺去除AP的有效方法。研究并优化了反应时间、AP浓度、电流密度和H2O2用量等主要变量的影响。ANOVA技术也被用于识别模型的Fisher值（F值）和P值。结果：模型预测的AP去除率与实验结果吻合较好，相关回归系数为0.9885。ANOVA检验证明，在95%置信水平下，所开发的二次模型具有显著性，非常低的P值小于0.05，高的F值为240.1，回归系数接近1。当反应时间为12 min，AP浓度为3.5 mg L-1，电流密度为12 mA cm-2，H2O2用量为86µL时，AP去除率达到99.02%。结论：RSM是一种优化操作条件、最大限度地去除AP的合适方法。在此，EF工艺作为一种环保的电化学高级氧化工艺（EAOP）成功地应用于去除水中和废水中的AP。
{"title":"Electrochemical Oxidation Approach towards the Treatment of Acetamiprid Pesticide from Polluted Water","authors":"M. Dolatabadi, Z. Hajebrahimi, Roya Malekahmadi, Saeid Ahmadzadeh","doi":"10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8966","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Acetamiprid (AP) is one of the most widely used pesticides in the neonicotinoid class. AP residues in the environment have received considerable due to their potential toxicity to humans. Therefore, it is important to remove AP from the aqueous solution. \u0000Materials and Methods: In the current study, response surface methodology (RSM) was used as an efficient approach to optimize the removal of AP using the electro-Fenton (EF) process. The effects of the main variables, including reaction time, AP concentration, current density, and H2O2 dosage were investigated and optimized. ANOVA technique was also used to identify the Fisher’s value (F-value) and P-value of the model. \u0000Results: The predicted AP removal efficiency by the model was in good agreement with the obtained experimental results with correlation regression of 0.9885. The ANOVA test proved that the developed quadratic model was significant with very low P-values less than 0.05, the high F-value of 240.1, and regression coefficients close to 1 at a 95% confidence level. The optimum condition for AP removal efficiency of 99.02% was attained at the reaction time of 12 min, AP concentration of 3.5 mg L-1, the current density of 12 mA cm-2, and H2O2 dosage of 86 µL. \u0000Conclusion: RSM was employed as a suitable method to optimize the operating condition and maximize the AP removal. Herein, the EF process as an eco-friendly electrochemical advanced oxidation process (EAOP) successfully applied to remove AP from the water and wastewater.","PeriodicalId":53380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43714575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8963
M. Noormohammadi, H. Eini-Zinab, A. Rezazadeh, N. Omidvar, S. Sobhani
Introduction: Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have caused environmental effects. Food production is one of the sources of GHGs. This study aimed to suggest dietary scenarios for decreasing GHG emissions. Materials and Methods: GHG emissions in the target population of Urmia city, Northwest Iran, were investigated using a modeling approach. Three dietary scenarios were modeled and analyzed to evaluate and compare GHG emissions. The objectives and decision variables of the three scenarios included minimizing the carbon footprint and intake of food items, respectively. In the first scenario, the amount of energy intake was equal to baseline energy intake. The second scenario maintained the same energy intake constraint as the first scenario and made further alterations by considering the number of serving sizes suggested by the food pyramid for each food group. The third scenario was mostly based on this model by accounting for dietary reference intake for macronutrients, micronutrients, and energy. Results: There was about 72% and 55.67% reduction in carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2 eq) production in the first and second scenarios rather than the baseline diet of 4072.10 g CO2 eq, respectively. In the final scenario, the CO2 eq emissions were less than half of the baseline diet. Conclusion: The study showed that a healthy diet with a higher proportion of vegetables, fruit, legumes, nuts, and dairy, and a lower share of red and white meat, egg, grains, fat and oil, and sweets can reduce CO2 eq emissions.
导读:温室气体(GHG)的排放对环境造成了影响。粮食生产是温室气体的来源之一。本研究旨在提出减少温室气体排放的饮食方案。材料和方法:采用建模方法对伊朗西北部乌尔米娅市目标人群的温室气体排放进行了调查。模拟和分析了三种饮食情景，以评估和比较温室气体排放。三种方案的目标和决策变量分别包括最小化碳足迹和最小化食物的摄入量。在第一种情况下，摄入的能量等于基线摄入的能量。第二种情况与第一种情况保持相同的能量摄入限制，并通过考虑食物金字塔对每种食物组建议的食用份量进行了进一步的改变。第三种情况主要基于该模型，考虑了大量营养素、微量营养素和能量的膳食参考摄入量。结果:在第一和第二种情况下，二氧化碳当量(CO2 eq)的产生量分别比4072.10 g CO2 eq的基线日粮减少了约72%和55.67%。在最后一种情况下，二氧化碳排放量不到基线饮食的一半。结论:研究表明，提高蔬菜、水果、豆类、坚果和乳制品的比例，减少红白肉、鸡蛋、谷物、油脂和糖果的比例的健康饮食可以减少二氧化碳当量的排放。
{"title":"A Step toward a Sustainable Diet by Reducing Carbon Footprint: A Case Study in Iran","authors":"M. Noormohammadi, H. Eini-Zinab, A. Rezazadeh, N. Omidvar, S. Sobhani","doi":"10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8963","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have caused environmental effects. Food production is one of the sources of GHGs. This study aimed to suggest dietary scenarios for decreasing GHG emissions. \u0000Materials and Methods: GHG emissions in the target population of Urmia city, Northwest Iran, were investigated using a modeling approach. Three dietary scenarios were modeled and analyzed to evaluate and compare GHG emissions. The objectives and decision variables of the three scenarios included minimizing the carbon footprint and intake of food items, respectively. In the first scenario, the amount of energy intake was equal to baseline energy intake. The second scenario maintained the same energy intake constraint as the first scenario and made further alterations by considering the number of serving sizes suggested by the food pyramid for each food group. The third scenario was mostly based on this model by accounting for dietary reference intake for macronutrients, micronutrients, and energy. \u0000Results: There was about 72% and 55.67% reduction in carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2 eq) production in the first and second scenarios rather than the baseline diet of 4072.10 g CO2 eq, respectively. In the final scenario, the CO2 eq emissions were less than half of the baseline diet. \u0000Conclusion: The study showed that a healthy diet with a higher proportion of vegetables, fruit, legumes, nuts, and dairy, and a lower share of red and white meat, egg, grains, fat and oil, and sweets can reduce CO2 eq emissions.","PeriodicalId":53380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44817440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8967
M. Farzadkia, M. Kermani, Ali Esarfili, M. Ghorbanian, Niloufar Borhani Yazdi, E. Mehrizi
Introduction: The increasing trend of petroleum production in Iran and lack of proper and systematic management of waste products in the deposition of petroleum storage tanks have made the existing hydrocarbons as a major hazards to the environment. In this study, the ozonation process was used to remove the petroleum deposits. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, effects of pH, ozone dose, and petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) concentration were evaluated. In order to measure the PHCs, using the n-pentanes, the hydrocarbons were first extracted from the environment followed by detection using the GC-FID. The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to evaluate the effect of independent variables on response function. Results: In this study, the efficiency was calculated 45.47% in the optimal conditions of removing PHCs with respect to the optimal energy consumption for the process. Analysis of variance and regression showed that the fitted model had good agreement with the laboratory results. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that the advanced oxidation process (AOP) of ozone at high pH levels could be a useful method for the degradation and reduction of heavy hydrocarbons in petroleum waste. However, regarding the energy consumption, it is suggested to use less costly reactions as pretreatment or final treatment steps.
{"title":"Studying Removal of PHCs from Deposits of Petroleum Storage Tanks by Ozonation Method: Determining Optimal Conditions by Central Composite Design Method","authors":"M. Farzadkia, M. Kermani, Ali Esarfili, M. Ghorbanian, Niloufar Borhani Yazdi, E. Mehrizi","doi":"10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8967","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The increasing trend of petroleum production in Iran and lack of proper and systematic management of waste products in the deposition of petroleum storage tanks have made the existing hydrocarbons as a major hazards to the environment. In this study, the ozonation process was used to remove the petroleum deposits. \u0000Materials and methods: In this experimental study, effects of pH, ozone dose, and petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) concentration were evaluated. In order to measure the PHCs, using the n-pentanes, the hydrocarbons were first extracted from the environment followed by detection using the GC-FID. The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to evaluate the effect of independent variables on response function. \u0000Results: In this study, the efficiency was calculated 45.47% in the optimal conditions of removing PHCs with respect to the optimal energy consumption for the process. Analysis of variance and regression showed that the fitted model had good agreement with the laboratory results. \u0000Conclusion: The results demonstrated that the advanced oxidation process (AOP) of ozone at high pH levels could be a useful method for the degradation and reduction of heavy hydrocarbons in petroleum waste. However, regarding the energy consumption, it is suggested to use less costly reactions as pretreatment or final treatment steps.","PeriodicalId":53380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42832311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8965
Mohammad Hassan Kowsari, M. Saghi, Razieh Ashoori, Ayoub Rastgar, Ali Fakour
Introduction: Uncontrolled and improper landfilling of solid waste increases the concentration of heavy metals in the soil. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate soil contamination with heavy metals in the landfill of municipal and hospital waste in Sabzevar city by compiling a map of the severity of heavy metal pollution in the soil. Materials and Methods: Concentrations of heavy metals were analyzed by ICP-OES at distances of 10, 100 m from the burial site and at depths of 10 and 30 cm. To quantitatively evaluate the severity of pollution and the environmental effects of heavy metals in the soils around the Sabzevar landfill, enrichment factor (EF), index of geoaccumulation (Igeo), and investigating carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic hazards of heavy metals were used. Then a general map of soil pollution severity was prepared using the limitation scores (LS) and potential ecological risk index (RI) method. Results: Mean concentrations of As, Zn, Pb, Cr, and Cu in topsoil were 6.01, 41.4, 6.31, 26.77, and 31.45 mg/kg, respectively, as well as Hg and Cd were 60.79, and 61.60 µg/kg, respectively. However, mean concentrations of As, Zn, Pb, Cr, and Cu in the soil at a depth of 30 cm were 5.75, 38.33, 6.25, 22.68, and 31.04 mg/kg, respectively, as well as Hg and Cd were 66.57, and 59.98 µg/kg, respectively. Conclusion: According to the estimates of Igeo and FE indices, only Hg and Cd showed severe contamination. The noncarcinogenic risks of heavy metals were estimated to be less than 1.
{"title":"Investigating and Compiling a Map of the Severity of Heavy Metal Pollution in the Soil around the Landfill of Sabzevar Municipal Waste with Different Indicators","authors":"Mohammad Hassan Kowsari, M. Saghi, Razieh Ashoori, Ayoub Rastgar, Ali Fakour","doi":"10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8965","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Uncontrolled and improper landfilling of solid waste increases the concentration of heavy metals in the soil. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate soil contamination with heavy metals in the landfill of municipal and hospital waste in Sabzevar city by compiling a map of the severity of heavy metal pollution in the soil. \u0000Materials and Methods: Concentrations of heavy metals were analyzed by ICP-OES at distances of 10, 100 m from the burial site and at depths of 10 and 30 cm. To quantitatively evaluate the severity of pollution and the environmental effects of heavy metals in the soils around the Sabzevar landfill, enrichment factor (EF), index of geoaccumulation (Igeo), and investigating carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic hazards of heavy metals were used. Then a general map of soil pollution severity was prepared using the limitation scores (LS) and potential ecological risk index (RI) method. \u0000Results: Mean concentrations of As, Zn, Pb, Cr, and Cu in topsoil were 6.01, 41.4, 6.31, 26.77, and 31.45 mg/kg, respectively, as well as Hg and Cd were 60.79, and 61.60 µg/kg, respectively. However, mean concentrations of As, Zn, Pb, Cr, and Cu in the soil at a depth of 30 cm were 5.75, 38.33, 6.25, 22.68, and 31.04 mg/kg, respectively, as well as Hg and Cd were 66.57, and 59.98 µg/kg, respectively. \u0000Conclusion: According to the estimates of Igeo and FE indices, only Hg and Cd showed severe contamination. The noncarcinogenic risks of heavy metals were estimated to be less than 1.","PeriodicalId":53380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42739046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8964
D. Rabbani, A. Mahvi, M. Shaterian, Reyhaneh Hesamifard, Mohammad Rezvani Ghalhari, Morteza Kabiri, G. Mostafaii
Introduction: Accessibility to safe drinking water is an important human health issue, so water reuse and water resources management are critical in arid parts of developing regions. This study aimed to investigate the use of a combined simple designed solar geyser/photocell for drinking water disinfection. Materials and Methods: In this study, a solar geyser with a simple design was combined with a solar cell and its efficiency on the disinfection of contaminated water was investigated. This study was carried out with artificially polluted tap water by a solar geyser joined with a solar photovoltaic cell. The heated water (55°C) was kept for 2 hours using a solenoid valve. The pilot plant was operated and monitored for one year. The volume of the collected effluent was measured every 24 h. The most probably number (MPN) of total coliforms and fecal coliforms in 100 mL of 24-hour composed samples were measured. Results: The mean volume of disinfected water production was calculated as 2095.74 ± 270.28 mL/day. The strongest correlation was found between disinfected water and the maximum daily ambient air temperature with a linear model (R2 = 0.9937). The results showed that by increasing the sunny time, the volume of water outlet increased. Therefore, sunny time and UV radiation have direct effect on volume of disinfected water. Conclusion: The simple designed solar geyser for drinking water disinfection was efficient and recommended for tropical areas, emergency conditions, and farms for agricultural activities.
引言：获得安全饮用水是一个重要的人类健康问题，因此在发展中地区的干旱地区，水的再利用和水资源管理至关重要。本研究旨在研究使用简单设计的太阳能间歇泉/光电管组合进行饮用水消毒。材料和方法：本研究将设计简单的太阳能间歇泉与太阳能电池相结合，研究其对污染水的消毒效果。这项研究是通过将太阳能间歇泉与太阳能光伏电池连接在一起，用人工污染的自来水进行的。使用电磁阀将热水（55°C）保持2小时。中试装置运行并监测了一年。每24小时测量一次收集的流出物的体积。测量100 mL 24小时合成样品中总大肠菌群和粪便大肠菌群的最可能数量（MPN）。结果：消毒水平均产生量为2095.74±270.28mL/天。消毒水与最高日环境空气温度之间的相关性最强，呈线性模型（R2=0.9937）。结果表明，随着日照时间的增加，出水量增加。因此，日照时间和紫外线辐射对消毒水量有直接影响。结论：设计简单的太阳能间歇泉用于饮用水消毒是有效的，建议用于热带地区、紧急情况和农业活动农场。
{"title":"A Green Approach to Safe Domestic Drinking Water Supply by Using Solar Geyser","authors":"D. Rabbani, A. Mahvi, M. Shaterian, Reyhaneh Hesamifard, Mohammad Rezvani Ghalhari, Morteza Kabiri, G. Mostafaii","doi":"10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8964","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Accessibility to safe drinking water is an important human health issue, so water reuse and water resources management are critical in arid parts of developing regions. This study aimed to investigate the use of a combined simple designed solar geyser/photocell for drinking water disinfection. \u0000Materials and Methods: In this study, a solar geyser with a simple design was combined with a solar cell and its efficiency on the disinfection of contaminated water was investigated. This study was carried out with artificially polluted tap water by a solar geyser joined with a solar photovoltaic cell. The heated water (55°C) was kept for 2 hours using a solenoid valve. The pilot plant was operated and monitored for one year. The volume of the collected effluent was measured every 24 h. The most probably number (MPN) of total coliforms and fecal coliforms in 100 mL of 24-hour composed samples were measured. \u0000Results: The mean volume of disinfected water production was calculated as 2095.74 ± 270.28 mL/day. The strongest correlation was found between disinfected water and the maximum daily ambient air temperature with a linear model (R2 = 0.9937). The results showed that by increasing the sunny time, the volume of water outlet increased. Therefore, sunny time and UV radiation have direct effect on volume of disinfected water. \u0000Conclusion: The simple designed solar geyser for drinking water disinfection was efficient and recommended for tropical areas, emergency conditions, and farms for agricultural activities.","PeriodicalId":53380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43669374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8968
Y. Ludang, Herry Palangka Jaya, Sarwoko Mangkoedihardjo
Introduction: The use of antiseptics and disinfectants in daily health protocols has a consequence of changing the quality of wastewater to be toxic to microbes. As a result, microbiological wastewater treatment has the potential to not be processed properly. To solve the problem of disinfectant-rich wastewater, a plant-based treatment method can be useful, the implementation of which is a land treatment system for wastewater. Materials and Methods: The data collection method was carried out through the Mendeley Reference Manager, searching for articles online, and placing the terms “land treatment system”, and “disinfectant-rich wastewater”. The selected articles were up-to-date and had a significant relationship between the two terms. Results: This sanitation system can be a stretch of land and/or a pond of water, on which plants can grow and process. Normal concentrations of disinfectants for microbial elimination had no negative effects on the growth of various types of plants. Plants continue to live in the stress of water rich in disinfectants, as a condition of their ability to treat wastewater. The involvement of various wastewater treatment media makes evapotranspiration dry bed and evapotranspiration wet bed or wetland ponds capable of processing various pollutants. This approach can be implemented for on-site and off-site sanitation system. Conclusion: In this context, under conditions of enrichment of disinfectants in wastewater during the COVID-19 era, the land treatment system becomes feasible to solve the problem of changing the quality of wastewater.
{"title":"Potential Applications of Land Treatment Systems for Disinfectant-Rich Wastewater in Response to the COVID-19 Health Protocol: A Narrative Review","authors":"Y. Ludang, Herry Palangka Jaya, Sarwoko Mangkoedihardjo","doi":"10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jehsd.v7i1.8968","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The use of antiseptics and disinfectants in daily health protocols has a consequence of changing the quality of wastewater to be toxic to microbes. As a result, microbiological wastewater treatment has the potential to not be processed properly. To solve the problem of disinfectant-rich wastewater, a plant-based treatment method can be useful, the implementation of which is a land treatment system for wastewater. \u0000Materials and Methods: The data collection method was carried out through the Mendeley Reference Manager, searching for articles online, and placing the terms “land treatment system”, and “disinfectant-rich wastewater”. The selected articles were up-to-date and had a significant relationship between the two terms. \u0000Results: This sanitation system can be a stretch of land and/or a pond of water, on which plants can grow and process. Normal concentrations of disinfectants for microbial elimination had no negative effects on the growth of various types of plants. Plants continue to live in the stress of water rich in disinfectants, as a condition of their ability to treat wastewater. The involvement of various wastewater treatment media makes evapotranspiration dry bed and evapotranspiration wet bed or wetland ponds capable of processing various pollutants. This approach can be implemented for on-site and off-site sanitation system. \u0000Conclusion: In this context, under conditions of enrichment of disinfectants in wastewater during the COVID-19 era, the land treatment system becomes feasible to solve the problem of changing the quality of wastewater.","PeriodicalId":53380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41257920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-28DOI: 10.18502/jehsd.v6i4.8155
Mahsa Jahangiri-rad, M. Shariati, Mahdieh Yaaghoubi, Ali Haghmoradkhani, A. Akbarzadeh
Introduction: Inappropriate management of mining activities may bring about water pollution and pose a heavy complication on aquatic ecosystem and humans. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of Qorveh gold mining activities on the quality of nearby groundwater. Materials and Methods: The concentration of seven eco-toxic metals along with some general hydrochemical parameters were investigated for 27 sampling stations in the study area using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) and conventional hydrochemical methods. The analysis results were further applied to compute pollution indices, namely heavy metal pollution index (HPI) for irrigation purposes. Results: The main elements were within the World Health Organization (WHO) and Iranian National Water Standards (INWS) for irrigation water quality, except for NH4+ in some sampling points. The concentration of heavy metals followed the order Cu > Zn > Pb > Hg > Cd > As. The contents of Hg, As, Cd, and Cu in most sites were higher than the recommended values. Except for two stations, the value of HPI based on the mean concentration was found to be far beyond the critical pollution index value of 100, suggesting that the area is highly polluted with some heavy metals. Conclusion: Elevated concentration of trace elements found in groundwater of this area represented the release of harmful elements from gold mining activities on surrounding environment.
{"title":"An In-Depth Analysis of Water Quality Using GIS and Heavy Metal Pollution Index near a Gold Mining Area, Qorveh, Iran","authors":"Mahsa Jahangiri-rad, M. Shariati, Mahdieh Yaaghoubi, Ali Haghmoradkhani, A. Akbarzadeh","doi":"10.18502/jehsd.v6i4.8155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jehsd.v6i4.8155","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Inappropriate management of mining activities may bring about water pollution and pose a heavy complication on aquatic ecosystem and humans. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of Qorveh gold mining activities on the quality of nearby groundwater. \u0000Materials and Methods: The concentration of seven eco-toxic metals along with some general hydrochemical parameters were investigated for 27 sampling stations in the study area using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) and conventional hydrochemical methods. The analysis results were further applied to compute pollution indices, namely heavy metal pollution index (HPI) for irrigation purposes. \u0000Results: The main elements were within the World Health Organization (WHO) and Iranian National Water Standards (INWS) for irrigation water quality, except for NH4+ in some sampling points. The concentration of heavy metals followed the order Cu > Zn > Pb > Hg > Cd > As. The contents of Hg, As, Cd, and Cu in most sites were higher than the recommended values. Except for two stations, the value of HPI based on the mean concentration was found to be far beyond the critical pollution index value of 100, suggesting that the area is highly polluted with some heavy metals. \u0000Conclusion: Elevated concentration of trace elements found in groundwater of this area represented the release of harmful elements from gold mining activities on surrounding environment.","PeriodicalId":53380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47562363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：