Ardavan Mohammad Aghaei, Jaleh Gholami, M. Amin-Esmaeili, Shahab Baheshmat, Yasna Rostam-Abadi, A. Rahimi-Movaghar
Background: Despite the increased use of methamphetamine, little is known about its adverse events in developing countries. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the adverse events of methamphetamine use in Iran. Methods: A total of 29 subjects who were recruited in the Iranian Mental Health Survey (IranMHS, a 2011 national household survey) and used methamphetamine more than 5 times in the past year were enrolled in this case series study. Six years after the index interview, eligible participants were contacted to assess their frequency of methamphetamine use in the past year, the incidence of adverse events, and utilization of substance use treatment services. Results: One death was recorded among 29 eligible cases. Of the 13 completed interviews (all male), the majority (n = 10) reported abstinence, and 2 reduced their methamphetamine use in the past year. More than two-thirds (n = 9) of participants experienced at least 1 adverse event. Incarceration and violent behavior were the most common adverse events. Of the 10 individuals with methamphetamine use disorder, none received specific health care treatment. Conclusions: Our participants experienced a high rate of adverse events, and no one with methamphetamine use disorder received specific treatment. Further prospective studies are needed to investigate the causal relationship between methamphetamine use and adverse events.
{"title":"Six-Year Follow-up of People Who Use Methamphetamine in Iran: A Case Series Study","authors":"Ardavan Mohammad Aghaei, Jaleh Gholami, M. Amin-Esmaeili, Shahab Baheshmat, Yasna Rostam-Abadi, A. Rahimi-Movaghar","doi":"10.5812/ijhrba-131659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba-131659","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Despite the increased use of methamphetamine, little is known about its adverse events in developing countries. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the adverse events of methamphetamine use in Iran. Methods: A total of 29 subjects who were recruited in the Iranian Mental Health Survey (IranMHS, a 2011 national household survey) and used methamphetamine more than 5 times in the past year were enrolled in this case series study. Six years after the index interview, eligible participants were contacted to assess their frequency of methamphetamine use in the past year, the incidence of adverse events, and utilization of substance use treatment services. Results: One death was recorded among 29 eligible cases. Of the 13 completed interviews (all male), the majority (n = 10) reported abstinence, and 2 reduced their methamphetamine use in the past year. More than two-thirds (n = 9) of participants experienced at least 1 adverse event. Incarceration and violent behavior were the most common adverse events. Of the 10 individuals with methamphetamine use disorder, none received specific health care treatment. Conclusions: Our participants experienced a high rate of adverse events, and no one with methamphetamine use disorder received specific treatment. Further prospective studies are needed to investigate the causal relationship between methamphetamine use and adverse events.","PeriodicalId":53452,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76520604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Hendarmin, Risahmawati Risahmawati, Ariana Putri Arsyad, B. Mardjikoen, Marita Fadhilah, Fika Ekayanti, N. Fitriyah
Background: Smoking is a form of risky behavior that often starts in adolescence and is continued into adulthood. There has also been an increase in the use of vaping among adolescents. Adolescents who smoke have a double the risk of having depression symptoms compared to those who don't smoke. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate smoking and vaping behaviors and the experience of depressive symptoms among high school students in Jakarta, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study used the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance (YRBS) 2017 questionnaire. Participants included 238 students aged between 15 and 19, randomly chosen from three senior high schools in Jakarta. Results: We found that 21.5% of students frequently smoked in the last 30 days, and 8.1% vaped repeatedly. However, 70.5% of them tried vaping. Moreover, within the last 12 months, approximately 8.5% of the students attempted suicide at least once. Also, 32.9% of them felt sad and hopeless for two weeks. Interestingly, we found that 54.1% of the students who felt sad were frequent smokers, and 43.5% were regular vapers. Conclusions: This study showed that risky behaviors like smoking and vaping were prevalent among senior high school students in Jakarta. Students who smoked or vaped exhibited depressive symptoms. Therefore, smoking and vaping could affect mental health in adolescence.
{"title":"Smoking, Vaping Behavior, and the Experience of Depressive Symptoms Among High School Students in Jakarta, Indonesia","authors":"L. Hendarmin, Risahmawati Risahmawati, Ariana Putri Arsyad, B. Mardjikoen, Marita Fadhilah, Fika Ekayanti, N. Fitriyah","doi":"10.5812/ijhrba-133660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba-133660","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Smoking is a form of risky behavior that often starts in adolescence and is continued into adulthood. There has also been an increase in the use of vaping among adolescents. Adolescents who smoke have a double the risk of having depression symptoms compared to those who don't smoke. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate smoking and vaping behaviors and the experience of depressive symptoms among high school students in Jakarta, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study used the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance (YRBS) 2017 questionnaire. Participants included 238 students aged between 15 and 19, randomly chosen from three senior high schools in Jakarta. Results: We found that 21.5% of students frequently smoked in the last 30 days, and 8.1% vaped repeatedly. However, 70.5% of them tried vaping. Moreover, within the last 12 months, approximately 8.5% of the students attempted suicide at least once. Also, 32.9% of them felt sad and hopeless for two weeks. Interestingly, we found that 54.1% of the students who felt sad were frequent smokers, and 43.5% were regular vapers. Conclusions: This study showed that risky behaviors like smoking and vaping were prevalent among senior high school students in Jakarta. Students who smoked or vaped exhibited depressive symptoms. Therefore, smoking and vaping could affect mental health in adolescence.","PeriodicalId":53452,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75924105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context: This research aimed to determine the protective and risk factors of high-risk sexual behaviors. Evidence Acquisition: Studies assessing high-risk sexual behaviors from 2000 to 2021 were reviewed. We retrieved 743 articles from SAGE, Wiley, Science Direct, Taylor & Francis Group, SID, and Google Scholar. Two independent reviewers extracted data using a tool developed by the review team. Forty-five articles were included in the final analysis. Results: Religion, parental care, education, health literacy, and active participation in work activities act as protective factors. On the other hand, negative sexual self-concept, parental divorce, weak religious beliefs, and escaping social rejection make people vulnerable to risky behaviors. Conclusions: The joint actions of families, schools, and society can effectively deal with such behaviors.
背景:本研究旨在确定高危性行为的保护因素和危险因素。证据获取:回顾了2000年至2021年评估高危性行为的研究。我们从SAGE、Wiley、Science Direct、Taylor & Francis Group、SID和谷歌Scholar检索了743篇文章。两个独立的审查者使用审查小组开发的工具提取数据。最后的分析包括45篇文章。结果:宗教、父母关怀、教育、健康素养和积极参与工作活动是保护因素。另一方面，消极的性自我概念、父母离婚、薄弱的宗教信仰以及逃避社会排斥使人们容易发生危险行为。结论:家庭、学校和社会的共同行动可以有效地处理此类行为。
{"title":"Risk and Protective Factors of High-risk Sexual Behaviors in Young People: A Systematic Review","authors":"B. Mollaei, Khodabakhsh Ahmadi, Emad Yousefi","doi":"10.5812/ijhrba-131119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba-131119","url":null,"abstract":"Context: This research aimed to determine the protective and risk factors of high-risk sexual behaviors. Evidence Acquisition: Studies assessing high-risk sexual behaviors from 2000 to 2021 were reviewed. We retrieved 743 articles from SAGE, Wiley, Science Direct, Taylor & Francis Group, SID, and Google Scholar. Two independent reviewers extracted data using a tool developed by the review team. Forty-five articles were included in the final analysis. Results: Religion, parental care, education, health literacy, and active participation in work activities act as protective factors. On the other hand, negative sexual self-concept, parental divorce, weak religious beliefs, and escaping social rejection make people vulnerable to risky behaviors. Conclusions: The joint actions of families, schools, and society can effectively deal with such behaviors.","PeriodicalId":53452,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77577968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shokoofeh Roshan Chesli, Z. Ghorashi, R. Roshan, R. Vazirinejad
Background: Increasing access to various forms of pornography since the advent of the Internet has provided a new context for couples' sexual experiences, but the possibility of adverse effects of pornography on couples' romantic relationships is a concern. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare sexual desire and marital satisfaction in two groups of married women with and without a history of pornography use in Rafsanjan, Iran. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was performed on 254 women with children covered by comprehensive health centers in Rafsanjan by convenience sampling in 2020. Data collection tools included demographic characteristics form, Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire, Hurlbert index of sexual desire and sexual pornography use questionnaire. Data were analyzed by chi-square, two independent samples, and multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS software version 21. the statistical significance level of p-values considered at 0.05. Results: There was a positive and significant relationship between sexual desire and the use of pornography (P = 0.043). The mean score of marital satisfaction in the group of pornography users women was lower than the nonusers group, but this relationship was not statistically significant. Of the nine components of marital satisfaction, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups only in the component of financial management (P = 0.037). There was no statistically significant relationship between demographic characteristics and use of pornography (P > 0.05). Conclusions: It seems that the use of pornography in married women is related to sexual desire, but in the present study, no relationship was found between the use of pornography and marital satisfaction. More studies required to reveal the relationship between pornography use on sexual features of women and their partners.
{"title":"Is Pornography Use Associated with Sexual Desire and Marital Satisfaction Among Heterosexual Iranian Women?","authors":"Shokoofeh Roshan Chesli, Z. Ghorashi, R. Roshan, R. Vazirinejad","doi":"10.5812/ijhrba-134833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba-134833","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Increasing access to various forms of pornography since the advent of the Internet has provided a new context for couples' sexual experiences, but the possibility of adverse effects of pornography on couples' romantic relationships is a concern. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare sexual desire and marital satisfaction in two groups of married women with and without a history of pornography use in Rafsanjan, Iran. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was performed on 254 women with children covered by comprehensive health centers in Rafsanjan by convenience sampling in 2020. Data collection tools included demographic characteristics form, Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire, Hurlbert index of sexual desire and sexual pornography use questionnaire. Data were analyzed by chi-square, two independent samples, and multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS software version 21. the statistical significance level of p-values considered at 0.05. Results: There was a positive and significant relationship between sexual desire and the use of pornography (P = 0.043). The mean score of marital satisfaction in the group of pornography users women was lower than the nonusers group, but this relationship was not statistically significant. Of the nine components of marital satisfaction, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups only in the component of financial management (P = 0.037). There was no statistically significant relationship between demographic characteristics and use of pornography (P > 0.05). Conclusions: It seems that the use of pornography in married women is related to sexual desire, but in the present study, no relationship was found between the use of pornography and marital satisfaction. More studies required to reveal the relationship between pornography use on sexual features of women and their partners.","PeriodicalId":53452,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77900053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reyhaneh Sardarzehi, R. Zadehparizi, A. Kianimoghadam, Mahdi Karvandi Renani, Leila Ekhtiyari, Jafar Sarani Yaztappeh
Background: The integrated motivational-volitional (IMV) model is the second theory based on the ideation-to-action framework. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the motivational phase of this model in the Iranian population. In this study, threat-to-self moderators included cognitive emotion regulation strategies and thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness as motivational moderators. Materials and Methods: A total of 405 participants (68.6% female; mean age: 22.7 years) filled out several self-report questionnaires, including the Defeat Scale, Entrapment Scale, Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire-short, Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire-15. In order to assess the IMV model, structural equation modeling with the interaction of latent variables was performed. Results: The results indicated that the overall model’s fit was poor. Although the model explained 70% and 61% of the variance in entrapment and suicidal ideation, respectively, the pathway between entrapment and suicidal ideation was not statistically significant. The findings demonstrated that the most effective predictors of suicidal ideation were perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. Conclusions: The results add to our knowledge of what constructs are more critical in the emergence of suicidal ideation. It is hoped that the study findings will lead to a greater interest in this field of research in the future.
{"title":"Integrated Motivational-Volitional Model: A Structural Equation Modeling Modeling with Interaction of Latent Variables","authors":"Reyhaneh Sardarzehi, R. Zadehparizi, A. Kianimoghadam, Mahdi Karvandi Renani, Leila Ekhtiyari, Jafar Sarani Yaztappeh","doi":"10.5812/ijhrba-132830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba-132830","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The integrated motivational-volitional (IMV) model is the second theory based on the ideation-to-action framework. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the motivational phase of this model in the Iranian population. In this study, threat-to-self moderators included cognitive emotion regulation strategies and thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness as motivational moderators. Materials and Methods: A total of 405 participants (68.6% female; mean age: 22.7 years) filled out several self-report questionnaires, including the Defeat Scale, Entrapment Scale, Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire-short, Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire-15. In order to assess the IMV model, structural equation modeling with the interaction of latent variables was performed. Results: The results indicated that the overall model’s fit was poor. Although the model explained 70% and 61% of the variance in entrapment and suicidal ideation, respectively, the pathway between entrapment and suicidal ideation was not statistically significant. The findings demonstrated that the most effective predictors of suicidal ideation were perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. Conclusions: The results add to our knowledge of what constructs are more critical in the emergence of suicidal ideation. It is hoped that the study findings will lead to a greater interest in this field of research in the future.","PeriodicalId":53452,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75316765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fahimeh Mohseni, M. Khaksari, Maryam Khoramrooz, Raheleh Rafaiee, S. M. Mirrezaie
{"title":"Emerging Risk of Ethanol-related Outbreak via Clandestine Alcohol Consumption During Pregnancy: An Alarming Note on Prevention of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders in Iran","authors":"Fahimeh Mohseni, M. Khaksari, Maryam Khoramrooz, Raheleh Rafaiee, S. M. Mirrezaie","doi":"10.5812/ijhrba-131881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba-131881","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":53452,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81364212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Midlife is a transitional period in the lives of men, with middle-aged men experiencing various changes that may lead to an impairment of their quality of life (QOL). Middle-aged men tend to rely on alcohol to overcome stress due to various changes they undergo. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the association between alcohol consumption and QOL in middle-aged men and identify the factors affecting their QOL. Materials and Methods: This paper presents a secondary data analysis of raw data from the 2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. This study was conducted on men aged 40 - 64 consuming alcohol over the past 12 months. A total of 992 participants was selected for analysis. The research objects were alcohol consumption and QOL, measured using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) and European QOL-5 Dimensions, respectively. Data analysis was performed by SPSS/WIN v25.0 using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: Among the general characteristics, significant differences in QOL were observed by age, education, marital status, economic activity, and income. Among the lifestyle and mental health variables, significant differences in QOL were observed by sleep status, exercise, smoking, subjective health, happiness, stress, and suicidal ideation. The factors affecting QOL were suicidal ideation, sleep status, income, economic activity, subjective health, and stress in order of importance. The regression analysis revealed that alcohol consumption did not affect QOL. Conclusions: Quality of life is influenced by various aspects of life, such as the psychological dimension (e.g., stress and suicidal ideation), physical dimension (e.g., sleep status and subjective health), and social dimension (e.g., income and economic activity). Therefore, developing and implementing integrated interventions considering these multidimensional factors is necessary.
{"title":"Alcohol Consumption and Quality of Life in Middle-aged Men","authors":"Jeong-Sook Lee","doi":"10.5812/ijhrba-132404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba-132404","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Midlife is a transitional period in the lives of men, with middle-aged men experiencing various changes that may lead to an impairment of their quality of life (QOL). Middle-aged men tend to rely on alcohol to overcome stress due to various changes they undergo. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the association between alcohol consumption and QOL in middle-aged men and identify the factors affecting their QOL. Materials and Methods: This paper presents a secondary data analysis of raw data from the 2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. This study was conducted on men aged 40 - 64 consuming alcohol over the past 12 months. A total of 992 participants was selected for analysis. The research objects were alcohol consumption and QOL, measured using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) and European QOL-5 Dimensions, respectively. Data analysis was performed by SPSS/WIN v25.0 using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: Among the general characteristics, significant differences in QOL were observed by age, education, marital status, economic activity, and income. Among the lifestyle and mental health variables, significant differences in QOL were observed by sleep status, exercise, smoking, subjective health, happiness, stress, and suicidal ideation. The factors affecting QOL were suicidal ideation, sleep status, income, economic activity, subjective health, and stress in order of importance. The regression analysis revealed that alcohol consumption did not affect QOL. Conclusions: Quality of life is influenced by various aspects of life, such as the psychological dimension (e.g., stress and suicidal ideation), physical dimension (e.g., sleep status and subjective health), and social dimension (e.g., income and economic activity). Therefore, developing and implementing integrated interventions considering these multidimensional factors is necessary.","PeriodicalId":53452,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84264975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The low level of emotional regulation, caused by the inability to deal with emotions and manage them, plays a role in substance abuse. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of emotion regulation training, based on the Gross model, in impulsivity and sensation seeking in substance abusers on methadone maintenance therapy in Ilam province. Methods: The current quasi-experimental study used a pretest-posttest design. The population of this research included all substance users in the rehabilitation centers (clinics) throughout Ilam province receiving methadone maintenance therapy. Sixty individuals were selected by random sampling and assigned randomly into two groups (n = 30) of control and experiment (n = 30). The experimental group received an eight-week intervention (a 90-minute session per week), and the control group did not receive any intervention or training. At the end of the course, a posttest was administered for both groups. Data were collected through two questionnaires of Barret and ZSSSC (Zuckerman's sensation-seeking scale) and analyzed using MANCOVA. Results: Covariance analysis showed that training addicts on methadone maintenance therapy to regulate their emotions reduced impulsivity and excitement compared to the control group (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: As male substance abusers are more exposed to negative emotions, they act impulsively and without a plan in this situation. Therefore, training them to regulate their emotions can increase their control in such cases.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Training Based on Gross Model in Impulsivity and Sensation Seeking in Men with Substance Abuse on Methadone Maintenance Therapy in the West of Iran (Ilam Province)","authors":"E. Alizadeh, S. Mami, Fathola Mohamadian","doi":"10.5812/ijhrba-123751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba-123751","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The low level of emotional regulation, caused by the inability to deal with emotions and manage them, plays a role in substance abuse. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of emotion regulation training, based on the Gross model, in impulsivity and sensation seeking in substance abusers on methadone maintenance therapy in Ilam province. Methods: The current quasi-experimental study used a pretest-posttest design. The population of this research included all substance users in the rehabilitation centers (clinics) throughout Ilam province receiving methadone maintenance therapy. Sixty individuals were selected by random sampling and assigned randomly into two groups (n = 30) of control and experiment (n = 30). The experimental group received an eight-week intervention (a 90-minute session per week), and the control group did not receive any intervention or training. At the end of the course, a posttest was administered for both groups. Data were collected through two questionnaires of Barret and ZSSSC (Zuckerman's sensation-seeking scale) and analyzed using MANCOVA. Results: Covariance analysis showed that training addicts on methadone maintenance therapy to regulate their emotions reduced impulsivity and excitement compared to the control group (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: As male substance abusers are more exposed to negative emotions, they act impulsively and without a plan in this situation. Therefore, training them to regulate their emotions can increase their control in such cases.","PeriodicalId":53452,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85746264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Shariatpanahi, M. Effatpanah, Atousa Moienafshar, M. Shariati, A. Kheiltash, Effat Ahadpourkhanghah, Azam Ahadpour Khaneghah
Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common psychiatric disorder with a prevalence rate of 10 - 15%. Postpartum depression may have significant adverse effects on infants’ growth and development and mothers’ health status. Virtual cognitive behavior therapy (VCBT) has been introduced as a new therapeutic method. Objectives: The current study was carried out to determine the effect of VCBT versus conventional medical therapy in PPD subjects. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial conducted in 2020 in the postpartum ward of Ziaeean Hospital, 102 women with singleton delivery within one week diagnosed with PPD (Edinburgh questionnaire score of over 9) were randomly considered to receive either medical treatment (sertraline 50 mg/day) or VCBT (training for controlling and confronting depression through social media five days a week for four months) groups. Postpartum depression and infants’ weight were compared at delivery, in the second month, and at the end of the study. Results: According to repeated-measures ANOVA, Edinburgh’s depression scale score did not differ significantly between the groups (P > 0.05), whereas their children’s weight differed significantly between the groups (P = 0.041). The VCBT group showed a better weight gain than those subjected to conventional medical treatment. Conclusions: In this study, there was no significant difference between cognitive behavioral therapy based on virtual content and drug treatment in postpartum healing and the improvement of children’s weight index at two and four months old. Both groups were improved. However, children’s weight gain at four months of age was higher in the group treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy based on virtual content than in the drug-treated group. This suggests that cognitive behavioral therapy based on virtual content, due to the increased awareness of mothers and behavioral changes, may be helpful, especially for women with postpartum depression with low-birth-weight children. This method can be applied in a flexible treatment manner for all women with postpartum depression, which will make women more involved in treatment, and the barriers to their treatment will be greatly eradicated.
{"title":"Comparing the Effectiveness of Internet Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Drug Therapy for Treating Postpartum Depression and Children Weight Gain: A Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"G. Shariatpanahi, M. Effatpanah, Atousa Moienafshar, M. Shariati, A. Kheiltash, Effat Ahadpourkhanghah, Azam Ahadpour Khaneghah","doi":"10.5812/ijhrba-117830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba-117830","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common psychiatric disorder with a prevalence rate of 10 - 15%. Postpartum depression may have significant adverse effects on infants’ growth and development and mothers’ health status. Virtual cognitive behavior therapy (VCBT) has been introduced as a new therapeutic method. Objectives: The current study was carried out to determine the effect of VCBT versus conventional medical therapy in PPD subjects. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial conducted in 2020 in the postpartum ward of Ziaeean Hospital, 102 women with singleton delivery within one week diagnosed with PPD (Edinburgh questionnaire score of over 9) were randomly considered to receive either medical treatment (sertraline 50 mg/day) or VCBT (training for controlling and confronting depression through social media five days a week for four months) groups. Postpartum depression and infants’ weight were compared at delivery, in the second month, and at the end of the study. Results: According to repeated-measures ANOVA, Edinburgh’s depression scale score did not differ significantly between the groups (P > 0.05), whereas their children’s weight differed significantly between the groups (P = 0.041). The VCBT group showed a better weight gain than those subjected to conventional medical treatment. Conclusions: In this study, there was no significant difference between cognitive behavioral therapy based on virtual content and drug treatment in postpartum healing and the improvement of children’s weight index at two and four months old. Both groups were improved. However, children’s weight gain at four months of age was higher in the group treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy based on virtual content than in the drug-treated group. This suggests that cognitive behavioral therapy based on virtual content, due to the increased awareness of mothers and behavioral changes, may be helpful, especially for women with postpartum depression with low-birth-weight children. This method can be applied in a flexible treatment manner for all women with postpartum depression, which will make women more involved in treatment, and the barriers to their treatment will be greatly eradicated.","PeriodicalId":53452,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89400671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fatemeh Shahrajabian, Seyed Javad Emadi Chashmi, J. Hasani, D. Kuss, M. Witthöft, M. Griffiths
Background: In addition to its potentially harmful physical consequences, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can cause various negative psychological consequences for individuals. One cohort likely to have been affected is university students who have had to return and study from their home cities due to the physical closures of universities. Objectives: The present study was conducted on students to assess psychological impacts (i.e., anxiety, depression, and stress) on predicting COVID-19 anxiety resulting from returning home and quarantining due to university closure. Methods: The study sample comprised 715 Iranian students who were asked to complete the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 Items (DASS-21) and the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale. Results: The mean scale scores for COVID-19 anxiety, stress, depression, and anxiety were 13.75 (out of 54), 6.68 (out of 21), 5.54 (out of 21), and 4.74 (out of 21), respectively. Significantly higher levels of COVID-19 anxiety were observed among students who had been infected with the virus or had family/friends infected with the virus (compared to individuals who had not). Moreover, students who lived with their friends reported significantly higher COVID-19 anxiety than those who lived with their families. Conclusions: The study also showed a positive association between psychological distress and COVID-19 anxiety among students who returned to their homes during the pandemic. The findings suggest that mental health interventions are needed for students and should be implemented in the early stages of future pandemics.
{"title":"Psychological Impacts of Returning Home During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Survey Among Iranian Students","authors":"Fatemeh Shahrajabian, Seyed Javad Emadi Chashmi, J. Hasani, D. Kuss, M. Witthöft, M. Griffiths","doi":"10.5812/ijhrba-126385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba-126385","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In addition to its potentially harmful physical consequences, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can cause various negative psychological consequences for individuals. One cohort likely to have been affected is university students who have had to return and study from their home cities due to the physical closures of universities. Objectives: The present study was conducted on students to assess psychological impacts (i.e., anxiety, depression, and stress) on predicting COVID-19 anxiety resulting from returning home and quarantining due to university closure. Methods: The study sample comprised 715 Iranian students who were asked to complete the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 Items (DASS-21) and the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale. Results: The mean scale scores for COVID-19 anxiety, stress, depression, and anxiety were 13.75 (out of 54), 6.68 (out of 21), 5.54 (out of 21), and 4.74 (out of 21), respectively. Significantly higher levels of COVID-19 anxiety were observed among students who had been infected with the virus or had family/friends infected with the virus (compared to individuals who had not). Moreover, students who lived with their friends reported significantly higher COVID-19 anxiety than those who lived with their families. Conclusions: The study also showed a positive association between psychological distress and COVID-19 anxiety among students who returned to their homes during the pandemic. The findings suggest that mental health interventions are needed for students and should be implemented in the early stages of future pandemics.","PeriodicalId":53452,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90689797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：