Ectrodactyly, or split foot malformation, is a rare congenital limb anomaly characterized by absence or hypoplasia of central digits, leading to functional limitations and cosmetic concerns. Surgical management aims to restore alignment, improve stability, and allow regular footwear usage. This report presents a novel approach using syndactylisation with internal bracing in a pediatric case.
Case presentation
A 7-year-old girl with non-syndromic ectrodactyly of the right foot presented with difficulty in ambulation and footwear use. Clinical and radiographic assessment revealed a wide central cleft, absent second and third toes, and divergent first and fourth metatarsals. Surgical treatment included excision of the malformed third metatarsal, syndactylisation of the first and fourth rays, and internal bracing using the ButtonFix-F suture-button system.
Conclusion
Syndactylisation reinforced with the ButtonFix-F implant provides a promising treatment option for pediatric ectrodactyly. The method ensures functional restoration, cosmetic improvement, and durable correction in growing children.
{"title":"Syndactylisation with internal bracing using a suture-button construct for severe cleft foot (Ectrodactyly): A 3-year follow-up case report","authors":"Arpit Sahu , Siva Srivastava Garika , Vikrant Manhas","doi":"10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Ectrodactyly, or split foot malformation, is a rare congenital limb anomaly characterized by absence or hypoplasia of central digits, leading to functional limitations and cosmetic concerns. Surgical management aims to restore alignment, improve stability, and allow regular footwear usage. This report presents a novel approach using syndactylisation with internal bracing in a pediatric case.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>A 7-year-old girl with non-syndromic ectrodactyly of the right foot presented with difficulty in ambulation and footwear use. Clinical and radiographic assessment revealed a wide central cleft, absent second and third toes, and divergent first and fourth metatarsals. Surgical treatment included excision of the malformed third metatarsal, syndactylisation of the first and fourth rays, and internal bracing using the ButtonFix-F suture-button system.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Syndactylisation reinforced with the ButtonFix-F implant provides a promising treatment option for pediatric ectrodactyly. The method ensures functional restoration, cosmetic improvement, and durable correction in growing children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 103243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145363883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acetabulum fractures are complex injuries that significantly affect the ability to mobilise and lead to an active quality of life. The study examined the epidemiological patterns, demographic characteristics, and classifications of acetabulum fractures, including atypical fractures, in a tertiary care centre in North India.
Methods
This prospective study was conducted from 2020 to 2024 among 344 patients diagnosed with acetabulum fractures. Demographics, injury patterns, socio-economic status, and classification of fractures were analysed. Trends and associations were statistically analysed.
Results
The mean age of patients is 36.04 ± 14.23 years, in which males have dominated the cases at 81.97 %. The leading cause of injury was due to road traffic accidents, accounting for 80.52 %. Major occupational groups affected included students (31.10 %), followed by farmers (21.80 %). Slightly more fractures occurred on the right side, 49.41 %, than on the left side, 46.22 %. Bilateral was 4.36 %. Both-column fracture types represented the highest with 20.63 %, ACPHT fracture with 18.89 %, and the fracture of the posterior wall with 18.31 %. Atypical fracture patterns were identified in 3.48 % of cases. The time taken to go to surgery averaged 6.77 ± 3.73 days, with an average length of stay at the hospital of 13.71 ± 7.18.
Conclusion
This study highlights acetabulum fractures in young males from road traffic accidents, with atypical fractures requiring advanced strategies. Their timely intervention and prevention policies may ensure better outcomes for them.
{"title":"Epidemiology and injury trends of acetabulum fractures including atypical fractures a tertiary care centre study in North India","authors":"Dharmendra Kumar , Faisal Ahmad , Madhusudan Mishra , Rahul Kirti Sharma , Vivek Kumar Verma , Ashish Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Acetabulum fractures are complex injuries that significantly affect the ability to mobilise and lead to an active quality of life. The study examined the epidemiological patterns, demographic characteristics, and classifications of acetabulum fractures, including atypical fractures, in a tertiary care centre in North India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective study was conducted from 2020 to 2024 among 344 patients diagnosed with acetabulum fractures. Demographics, injury patterns, socio-economic status, and classification of fractures were analysed. Trends and associations were statistically analysed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age of patients is 36.04 ± 14.23 years, in which males have dominated the cases at 81.97 %. The leading cause of injury was due to road traffic accidents, accounting for 80.52 %. Major occupational groups affected included students (31.10 %), followed by farmers (21.80 %). Slightly more fractures occurred on the right side, 49.41 %, than on the left side, 46.22 %. Bilateral was 4.36 %. Both-column fracture types represented the highest with 20.63 %, ACPHT fracture with 18.89 %, and the fracture of the posterior wall with 18.31 %. Atypical fracture patterns were identified in 3.48 % of cases. The time taken to go to surgery averaged 6.77 ± 3.73 days, with an average length of stay at the hospital of 13.71 ± 7.18.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlights acetabulum fractures in young males from road traffic accidents, with atypical fractures requiring advanced strategies. Their timely intervention and prevention policies may ensure better outcomes for them.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 103241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145321979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103240
Anil Regmi , Bishwa Bandhu Niraula
Severe rigid scoliosis remains one of the most complex challenges in spine surgery, characterized by three-dimensional deformity, progressive rigidity, and high perioperative risks. Traditional surgical planning and correction strategies are limited by variability in anatomical presentations, difficulty in predicting outcomes, and the need for meticulous intraoperative decision-making. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool to address these challenges, offering applications in imaging analysis, deformity classification, surgical planning, navigation, and outcome prediction. This review explores the current opportunities of AI in the management of severe rigid scoliosis, critically examines its limitations, and outlines the future roadmap toward integration in precision spine surgery.
{"title":"Artificial intelligence in severe rigid Scoliosis: Opportunities, challenges, and the road ahead","authors":"Anil Regmi , Bishwa Bandhu Niraula","doi":"10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Severe rigid scoliosis remains one of the most complex challenges in spine surgery, characterized by three-dimensional deformity, progressive rigidity, and high perioperative risks. Traditional surgical planning and correction strategies are limited by variability in anatomical presentations, difficulty in predicting outcomes, and the need for meticulous intraoperative decision-making. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool to address these challenges, offering applications in imaging analysis, deformity classification, surgical planning, navigation, and outcome prediction. This review explores the current opportunities of AI in the management of severe rigid scoliosis, critically examines its limitations, and outlines the future roadmap toward integration in precision spine surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 103240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145321981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103239
Dinesh K. Choudhry , Abraham Oommen , Manish Purohit , Divya Dixit
Children with musculoskeletal disorders frequently undergo surgical procedures requiring specialized need and care from an anesthetic perspective. In this review, we discuss anesthetic issues relating to some of the common orthopedic conditions amongst children that warrant knowledge, familiarity, and skills to provide safe anesthetic care for optimal outcome. We have included cerebral palsy, osteogenesis imperfecta, arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, and achondroplasia in this spectrum of review. The scope of this review encompasses existing medical literature and institutional experience gathered from administering anesthesia in a large volume of specialized orthopedic pediatric patients. We have provided an overview of the various perioperative considerations of the above-mentioned select pediatric orthopedic conditions to facilitate safe anesthetic management.
{"title":"Anesthetic management of children undergoing specialized orthopedic surgeries","authors":"Dinesh K. Choudhry , Abraham Oommen , Manish Purohit , Divya Dixit","doi":"10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Children with musculoskeletal disorders frequently undergo surgical procedures requiring specialized need and care from an anesthetic perspective. In this review, we discuss anesthetic issues relating to some of the common orthopedic conditions amongst children that warrant knowledge, familiarity, and skills to provide safe anesthetic care for optimal outcome. We have included cerebral palsy, osteogenesis imperfecta, arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, and achondroplasia in this spectrum of review. The scope of this review encompasses existing medical literature and institutional experience gathered from administering anesthesia in a large volume of specialized orthopedic pediatric patients. We have provided an overview of the various perioperative considerations of the above-mentioned select pediatric orthopedic conditions to facilitate safe anesthetic management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 103239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145321982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103238
Nitish Jagdish Jyoti, Pon Aravindhan, Kamal Kishor Jajunda, Ritvik Janardhanan, Love Kapoor, Shah Alam Khan
Background
Patellar height plays a critical role in maintaining knee biomechanics and extensor mechanism efficiency. While its significance after total knee arthroplasty is well documented, its impact following distal femoral endoprosthetic reconstruction remains underexplored. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between patellar height and functional outcomes using the Musculoskeletal Tumour Society-93 (MSTS) score and to assess the influence of patellar height on extensor lag and knee range-of-motion (ROM).
Methods
This retrospective single-centre study included 61 patients who underwent intra-articular resection and endoprosthetic reconstruction for primary malignant and benign aggressive distal femur tumours between January 2018 and December 2023. Patellar height was measured using the modified Caton-Deschamps (mCD) index and categorized into baja, norma and alta. Clinical assessment included measurement of extensor lag, knee ROM and MSTS-93 scores. To evaluate intergroup differences and correlations, statistical analysis was performed.
Results
Mean age was 27.52 ± 13.27years, including 36 males(59 %) and 25 females(41 %). Median follow-up was 13months(IQR6.5–32.5). Mean femoral resection length was 15.43 ± 3.23 cm and mean tumour volume resected was 450.48 ± 288.63 cm3. Mean patellar height(mCD index) in the baja(n = 5), norma(n = 44) and alta group(n = 12) was 0.48 ± 0.14, 1.03 ± 0.15 and 1.43 ± 0.10 respectively and median MSTS-93 score was 27.5(IQR21.5–29), 29(IQR27-30) and 29(IQR28.25–30) respectively. Median knee ROM was 100°(IQR90°-120°). Twenty-six(42.6 %) individuals had a median extensor lag of 15°(IQR10°-20°). Comparison of MSTS-93 score(p = 0.228), flexion ROM(p = 0.350) and extensor lag(p = 0.910) between the 3 groups showed no significant differences. The correlations between patellar height and MSTS-93 score(ρ = +0.206,p = 0.112), flexion ROM(ρ = +0.169,p = 0.194) and extensor lag(ρ = −0.020,p = 0.880), were not statistically significant.
Conclusion
Although not statistically significant, patients with patella norma and alta demonstrated better functional outcomes. While no definitive correlation was established, the findings suggest that patellar height may influence functional recovery after distal femoral endoprosthesis reconstruction, and larger prospective studies are needed to validate these findings.
{"title":"Does patellar height influence functional outcomes after reconstruction in distal femur tumours?","authors":"Nitish Jagdish Jyoti, Pon Aravindhan, Kamal Kishor Jajunda, Ritvik Janardhanan, Love Kapoor, Shah Alam Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Patellar height plays a critical role in maintaining knee biomechanics and extensor mechanism efficiency. While its significance after total knee arthroplasty is well documented, its impact following distal femoral endoprosthetic reconstruction remains underexplored. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between patellar height and functional outcomes using the Musculoskeletal Tumour Society-93 (MSTS) score and to assess the influence of patellar height on extensor lag and knee range-of-motion (ROM).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective single-centre study included 61 patients who underwent intra-articular resection and endoprosthetic reconstruction for primary malignant and benign aggressive distal femur tumours between January 2018 and December 2023. Patellar height was measured using the modified Caton-Deschamps (mCD) index and categorized into baja, norma and alta. Clinical assessment included measurement of extensor lag, knee ROM and MSTS-93 scores. To evaluate intergroup differences and correlations, statistical analysis was performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean age was 27.52 ± 13.27years, including 36 males(59 %) and 25 females(41 %). Median follow-up was 13months(IQR6.5–32.5). Mean femoral resection length was 15.43 ± 3.23 cm and mean tumour volume resected was 450.48 ± 288.63 cm<sup>3</sup>. Mean patellar height(mCD index) in the baja(n = 5), norma(n = 44) and alta group(n = 12) was 0.48 ± 0.14, 1.03 ± 0.15 and 1.43 ± 0.10 respectively and median MSTS-93 score was 27.5(IQR21.5–29), 29(IQR27-30) and 29(IQR28.25–30) respectively. Median knee ROM was 100°(IQR90°-120°). Twenty-six(42.6 %) individuals had a median extensor lag of 15°(IQR10°-20°). Comparison of MSTS-93 score(p = 0.228), flexion ROM(p = 0.350) and extensor lag(p = 0.910) between the 3 groups showed no significant differences. The correlations between patellar height and MSTS-93 score(ρ = +0.206,p = 0.112), flexion ROM(ρ = +0.169,p = 0.194) and extensor lag(ρ = −0.020,p = 0.880), were not statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Although not statistically significant, patients with patella norma and alta demonstrated better functional outcomes. While no definitive correlation was established, the findings suggest that patellar height may influence functional recovery after distal femoral endoprosthesis reconstruction, and larger prospective studies are needed to validate these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 103238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145322002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103222
Prudence Wing Hang Cheung, Victoria Yuk Ting Hui, Samuel Tin Yan Cheung, James Long Ki Lin, Garvin Chi Chun Cheung, Jason Pui Yin Cheung
Background
Spinal curve flexibility can be assessed reliably by fulcrum bending (FB) radiograph for surgical planning. However, it remains unknown how curve correctability of rigid curves are different from flexible curves. This study aims to investigate the relationship of curve flexibility and surgical outcomes in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, to investigate for any differences of surgical outcomes in rigid and non-rigid curves, and to explore whether postoperative changes were different in rigid curves.
Methods
This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with AIS, aged ≤18 years and underwent posterior spinal fusion with >2 years of postoperative follow-up at two affiliated hospitals between 2010 and 2022. Radiographic parameters were collected, including coronal Cobb angle of major curve, curve type, FB flexibility, fusion length, and implant density. Relationship of flexibility and correction rate was tested. Rigid curves (FB flexibility <50 %) were compared with non-rigid curves, in terms of curve correction rate, FB correction index (FBCI) and loss of correction at postoperative 2 years.
Results
A total of 190 patients (83.7 % females) were included. Preoperative major curve was 60.2° (SD 10.9°) with 64.4 % (SD 17.2 %) flexibility, 21.6 % (n = 41) of the patients had rigid curves. FB flexibility correlated with curve correction rate (immediate postoperative rs: 0.281, p < 0.001). After covariate adjustment, correction rate for rigid and non-rigid curves were 69.4 % and 75.5 %, with mean difference −6.0 % (95 %CI −10.6 % to −1.4 %, p = 0.013). Rigid curves had higher FBCI (175.5 % vs 110.4 %; mean difference: 65.1 %, 95 %CI 53.2 % to 77.0 %, p < 0.001). Fewer rigid curves demonstrated loss of correction, with comparable changes in correction rates (−2.5 % vs −4.6 %, p = 0.124).
Conclusion
Spinal curve flexibility significantly correlated with curve correction rate and FBCI. Rigid curves demonstrated ∼70 % correction rate, all with FBCI >100 %, indicating curve correction achieved more than estimated preoperatively. Despite rigid curves had lower curve correction rate, correction lost at 2-year follow-up was comparable between rigid and non-rigid curves.
脊柱弯曲灵活性可以通过支点弯曲(FB) x线片可靠地评估手术计划。然而,刚性曲线的曲线可修正性与柔性曲线的曲线可修正性有何不同,目前还不清楚。本研究旨在探讨青少年特发性脊柱侧凸的弯曲柔韧性与手术结果的关系,探讨刚性和非刚性弯曲的手术结果是否有差异,以及刚性弯曲的术后变化是否不同。方法本回顾性研究纳入了2010年至2022年在两家附属医院诊断为AIS,年龄≤18岁,术后随访2年的后路脊柱融合术患者。收集x线摄影参数,包括主曲线冠状Cobb角、曲线类型、FB柔韧性、融合长度、种植体密度。测试了柔性与正确率的关系。将刚性曲线(FB柔韧性<; 50%)与非刚性曲线进行术后2年曲线矫正率、FB矫正指数(FBCI)和矫正损失的比较。结果共纳入190例患者,其中女性83.7%。术前主要曲线为60.2°(SD 10.9°),64.4% (SD 17.2%)为柔韧性,21.6% (n = 41)患者为刚性曲线。FB柔韧性与曲线矫正率相关(术后即刻rs: 0.281, p < 0.001)。协变量调整后,刚性曲线和非刚性曲线的校正率分别为69.4%和75.5%,平均差值为- 6.0% (95% CI - 10.6%至- 1.4%,p = 0.013)。刚性曲线具有较高的FBCI (175.5% vs 110.4%;平均差异:65.1%,95% CI 53.2% to 77.0%, p < 0.001)。较少的刚性曲线显示出校正损失,校正率变化可比较(- 2.5% vs - 4.6%, p = 0.124)。结论脊柱弯曲柔韧性与脊柱弯曲矫正率和FBCI显著相关。刚性曲线的矫正率为70%,所有FBCI均为100%,表明曲线矫正率高于术前估计。尽管刚性曲线的曲线矫正率较低,但在2年随访中,刚性曲线和非刚性曲线的矫正损失相当。
{"title":"Surgical outcomes of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis using fulcrum bending radiographs to determine curve rigidity","authors":"Prudence Wing Hang Cheung, Victoria Yuk Ting Hui, Samuel Tin Yan Cheung, James Long Ki Lin, Garvin Chi Chun Cheung, Jason Pui Yin Cheung","doi":"10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Spinal curve flexibility can be assessed reliably by fulcrum bending (FB) radiograph for surgical planning. However, it remains unknown how curve correctability of rigid curves are different from flexible curves. This study aims to investigate the relationship of curve flexibility and surgical outcomes in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, to investigate for any differences of surgical outcomes in rigid and non-rigid curves, and to explore whether postoperative changes were different in rigid curves.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with AIS, aged ≤18 years and underwent posterior spinal fusion with >2 years of postoperative follow-up at two affiliated hospitals between 2010 and 2022. Radiographic parameters were collected, including coronal Cobb angle of major curve, curve type, FB flexibility, fusion length, and implant density. Relationship of flexibility and correction rate was tested. Rigid curves (FB flexibility <50 %) were compared with non-rigid curves, in terms of curve correction rate, FB correction index (FBCI) and loss of correction at postoperative 2 years.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 190 patients (83.7 % females) were included. Preoperative major curve was 60.2° (SD 10.9°) with 64.4 % (SD 17.2 %) flexibility, 21.6 % (n = 41) of the patients had rigid curves. FB flexibility correlated with curve correction rate (immediate postoperative <em>r</em><sub><em>s</em></sub>: 0.281, <em>p</em> < 0.001). After covariate adjustment, correction rate for rigid and non-rigid curves were 69.4 % and 75.5 %, with mean difference −6.0 % (95 %CI −10.6 % to −1.4 %, <em>p</em> = 0.013). Rigid curves had higher FBCI (175.5 % vs 110.4 %; mean difference: 65.1 %, 95 %CI 53.2 % to 77.0 %, p < 0.001). Fewer rigid curves demonstrated loss of correction, with comparable changes in correction rates (−2.5 % vs −4.6 %, <em>p</em> = 0.124).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Spinal curve flexibility significantly correlated with curve correction rate and FBCI. Rigid curves demonstrated ∼70 % correction rate, all with FBCI >100 %, indicating curve correction achieved more than estimated preoperatively. Despite rigid curves had lower curve correction rate, correction lost at 2-year follow-up was comparable between rigid and non-rigid curves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 103222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145363884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103237
Nickelas Huffman , Shujaa T. Khan , Michael S. Ramos , Chao Zhang , Nicolas S. Piuzzi
Background
The existing literature has described an increased risk of complications associated with total joint arthroplasty (TJA) in patients who have undergone prior solid organ transplantation (SOT); however, few studies have reported the benefits of TJA in SOT patients as measured by patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). This study aimed to explore differences in healthcare resource utilization, 1-year patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), and achievement of minimal clinically important differences (MCIDs) and the patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) thresholds after TJA in SOT patients.
Methods
Of 29,254 TJAs performed between 2016 and 2021, 33 THA and 32 TKA patients who underwent prior SOT were included. Outcomes included length of stay (LOS), discharge disposition (DD), 90-day readmission, 1-year reoperation, 1-year mortality, and 1-year PROMs: Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) -Pain, HOOS-Physical Function Shortform (HOOS-PS), Knee disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) -Pain, and KOOS-Physical Function Short Form (KOOS-PS) were analyzed.
Results
The 1-year mortality for SOT patients was 3.0 % and 6.3 % after THA and TKA, respectively. After THA, intestine and kidney transplant patients displayed higher readmission rates, but there were no significant differences in LOS, DD, 1-year reoperation, or 1-year PROMs between SOT patients. One lung transplant patient failed to achieve MCIDs for HOOS-Pain and HOOS-PS. Similarly, one kidney transplant patient was unable to achieve the PASS threshold one year after THA. For TKA patients, there were no significant differences in healthcare resource utilization, PROMs, or PASS achievement between SOT patients. One lung transplant and one liver transplant patient failed to achieve the KOOS-Pain MCID, and one liver transplant patient was unable to achieve the KOOS-PS MCID.
Conclusion
At one year, SOT patients who undergo TJA demonstrated favorable PROMs, suggesting these patients can expect promising pain and functional outcomes.
{"title":"Patients with prior solid organ transplant who undergo total joint arthroplasty can expect promising patient-reported outcomes and low mortality at 1-year","authors":"Nickelas Huffman , Shujaa T. Khan , Michael S. Ramos , Chao Zhang , Nicolas S. Piuzzi","doi":"10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The existing literature has described an increased risk of complications associated with total joint arthroplasty (TJA) in patients who have undergone prior solid organ transplantation (SOT); however, few studies have reported the benefits of TJA in SOT patients as measured by patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). This study aimed to explore differences in healthcare resource utilization, 1-year patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), and achievement of minimal clinically important differences (MCIDs) and the patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) thresholds after TJA in SOT patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Of 29,254 TJAs performed between 2016 and 2021, 33 THA and 32 TKA patients who underwent prior SOT were included. Outcomes included length of stay (LOS), discharge disposition (DD), 90-day readmission, 1-year reoperation, 1-year mortality, and 1-year PROMs: Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) -Pain, HOOS-Physical Function Shortform (HOOS-PS), Knee disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) -Pain, and KOOS-Physical Function Short Form (KOOS-PS) were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The 1-year mortality for SOT patients was 3.0 % and 6.3 % after THA and TKA, respectively. After THA, intestine and kidney transplant patients displayed higher readmission rates, but there were no significant differences in LOS, DD, 1-year reoperation, or 1-year PROMs between SOT patients. One lung transplant patient failed to achieve MCIDs for HOOS-Pain and HOOS-PS. Similarly, one kidney transplant patient was unable to achieve the PASS threshold one year after THA. For TKA patients, there were no significant differences in healthcare resource utilization, PROMs, or PASS achievement between SOT patients. One lung transplant and one liver transplant patient failed to achieve the KOOS-Pain MCID, and one liver transplant patient was unable to achieve the KOOS-PS MCID.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>At one year, SOT patients who undergo TJA demonstrated favorable PROMs, suggesting these patients can expect promising pain and functional outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 103237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145322003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103223
Andrei Fernandes Joaquim , Klaus John Schnake , Richard J. Bransford , Harvinder Singh Chabbra , Sebastian F. Bigdon , Mohammad El-Sharkawi , Gregory D. Schroeder
The craniocervical junction (CCJ) relies on strong ligamentous structures to maintain stability, which can be compromised by traumatic injuries. Defining stability is critical for selecting operative or non-operative management. This review summarizes the anatomy, imaging, and biomechanical relevance of the main CCJ ligaments, with emphasis on type B injuries in the AO Spine Upper Cervical Classification. Current evidence suggests that neurologically intact patients with normal CT scans (occipitoatlantal joints) and mild MRI abnormalities may be treated conservatively, with fluoroscopic traction testing serving as a supportive tool. Considering C1-2 ligamentous injuries, transverse ligament injury (TL), however, often requires an MRI for accurate diagnosis, particularly in association with atlas lateral mass fractures. While surgical treatment may provide advantages in pain and function, non-operative strategies remain appropriate in selected cases. When surgery is indicated, C1 ORIF is a feasible alternative to C1-2 fusion in patients with TL rupture, also considering an intraoperative test for abnormal motion at C1-2.
{"title":"Craniocervical traumatic ligamentous injuries – AO spine type B injuries – Anatomy, biomechanics and clinical perspectives","authors":"Andrei Fernandes Joaquim , Klaus John Schnake , Richard J. Bransford , Harvinder Singh Chabbra , Sebastian F. Bigdon , Mohammad El-Sharkawi , Gregory D. Schroeder","doi":"10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The craniocervical junction (CCJ) relies on strong ligamentous structures to maintain stability, which can be compromised by traumatic injuries. Defining stability is critical for selecting operative or non-operative management. This review summarizes the anatomy, imaging, and biomechanical relevance of the main CCJ ligaments, with emphasis on type B injuries in the AO Spine Upper Cervical Classification. Current evidence suggests that neurologically intact patients with normal CT scans (occipitoatlantal joints) and mild MRI abnormalities may be treated conservatively, with fluoroscopic traction testing serving as a supportive tool. Considering C1-2 ligamentous injuries, transverse ligament injury (TL), however, often requires an MRI for accurate diagnosis, particularly in association with atlas lateral mass fractures. While surgical treatment may provide advantages in pain and function, non-operative strategies remain appropriate in selected cases. When surgery is indicated, C1 ORIF is a feasible alternative to C1-2 fusion in patients with TL rupture, also considering an intraoperative test for abnormal motion at C1-2.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 103223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145271265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103228
Madhan Jeyaraman , Raju Vaishya
{"title":"Re-defining orthopaedic education in India through competency-based training","authors":"Madhan Jeyaraman , Raju Vaishya","doi":"10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103228","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 103228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145271268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103221
Parmanand Gupta , Rohit Jindal , Deepak Kumar
Spectrum of hip infections in children include septic arthritis, proximal femoral and pelvic osteomyelitis, and pericapsular pyomyositis. Infection from one site can extend to adjacent structures, resulting in overlapping and often indistinguishable clinical picture. Clinical and laboratory parameters, including fever, inability to bear weight and elevated inflammatory markers are helpful in distinguishing infectious from non-infectious causes of hip pain. However, they cannot reliably differentiate the site or extent of infection. Blood and local aspirate cultures are crucial for identifying causative organisms, yet a significant proportion of cases are culture negative. Aggressive treatment is required even in culture negative cases if clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings are consistent with infection. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice for defining the site and extent of disease, detecting multiple foci, and guiding surgical planning. Ultrasonography, although less sensitive and specific, may be helpful in settings where MRI is unavailable, especially for identifying joint effusion and guiding diagnostic aspiration. Management hinges on early initiation of appropriate empirical antibiotics, tailored subsequently to culture results, along with drainage of all foci of purulent collections. Misdiagnosis or delayed treatment can result in multiple surgical procedures and sequalae including hip dislocation, involvement of proximal femur growth plate, chondrolysis and partial or complete resorption of femoral head leading to long-term disability.
In this narrative review, diagnosis, imaging features and management strategies are discussed under relevant headings. For this, a PubMed search was conducted from January 1990 to August 2025 using the terms “pediatric hip septic arthritis,” “pediatric hip osteomyelitis,” and “pediatric hip pyomyositis.” Of 575 articles identified, 48 relevant studies were included. In addition, one seminal study from 1978 was included because of its clinical relevance.
{"title":"Management of pediatric hip infections - A narrative review","authors":"Parmanand Gupta , Rohit Jindal , Deepak Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcot.2025.103221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spectrum of hip infections in children include septic arthritis, proximal femoral and pelvic osteomyelitis, and pericapsular pyomyositis. Infection from one site can extend to adjacent structures, resulting in overlapping and often indistinguishable clinical picture. Clinical and laboratory parameters, including fever, inability to bear weight and elevated inflammatory markers are helpful in distinguishing infectious from non-infectious causes of hip pain. However, they cannot reliably differentiate the site or extent of infection. Blood and local aspirate cultures are crucial for identifying causative organisms, yet a significant proportion of cases are culture negative. Aggressive treatment is required even in culture negative cases if clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings are consistent with infection. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice for defining the site and extent of disease, detecting multiple foci, and guiding surgical planning. Ultrasonography, although less sensitive and specific, may be helpful in settings where MRI is unavailable, especially for identifying joint effusion and guiding diagnostic aspiration. Management hinges on early initiation of appropriate empirical antibiotics, tailored subsequently to culture results, along with drainage of all foci of purulent collections. Misdiagnosis or delayed treatment can result in multiple surgical procedures and sequalae including hip dislocation, involvement of proximal femur growth plate, chondrolysis and partial or complete resorption of femoral head leading to long-term disability.</div><div>In this narrative review, diagnosis, imaging features and management strategies are discussed under relevant headings. For this, a PubMed search was conducted from January 1990 to August 2025 using the terms <em>“pediatric hip septic arthritis,” “pediatric hip osteomyelitis,”</em> and <em>“pediatric hip pyomyositis.”</em> Of 575 articles identified, 48 relevant studies were included. In addition, one seminal study from 1978 was included because of its clinical relevance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 103221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145271269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}