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Cases of Integrability Which Correspond to the Motion of a Pendulum in the Three-dimensional Space 摆在三维空间中运动的可积性情形
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-08-10 DOI: 10.37394/232011.2021.16.8
Maxim V. Shamolin
We systematize some results on the study of the equations of spatial motion of dynamically symmetric fixed rigid bodies–pendulums located in a nonconservative force fields. The form of these equations is taken from the dynamics of real fixed rigid bodies placed in a homogeneous flow of a medium. In parallel, we study the problem of a spatial motion of a free rigid body also located in a similar force fields. Herewith, this free rigid body is influenced by a nonconservative tracing force; under action of this force, either the magnitude of the velocity of some characteristic point of the body remains constant, which means that the system possesses a nonintegrable servo constraint, or the center of mass of the body moves rectilinearly and uniformly; this means that there exists a nonconservative couple of forces in the system
对非保守力场中动态对称固定刚体-摆体空间运动方程的一些研究结果进行了系统整理。这些方程的形式是从置于介质均匀流动中的实际固定刚体的动力学中得到的。同时,我们研究了同样处于类似力场中的自由刚体的空间运动问题。其中,该自由刚体受到非保守示踪力的影响;在这个力的作用下,要么物体某一特征点的速度大小保持不变,这意味着系统具有不可积分的伺服约束,要么物体的质心直线匀速运动;这意味着系统中存在一对非保守力
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引用次数: 0
Assessment Principles for the Mechanical Behavior of Clay Soils 粘性土力学性能评价原则
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-08-04 DOI: 10.37394/232011.2021.16.6
N. Alamanis, P. Lokkas, T. Chrysanidis, D. Christodoulou, E. Paschalis
The factors that determine the geotechnical behavior of soils are mainly their composition, the size of their grains and their moisture content. The design of a soil structure or foundation project must ensure the shear adequacy of the soil in all phases of construction and throughout the life of the project. However, the shear strength, in general, of the soil is not "constant" but depends on key external factors such as the prehistory of loads, the time and succession of load states, the overpressure of the pore water as well as other factors such as relative density, or any preload, the pressure field, the rate of change of the intensive state, etc. The influence of the deformations as well as the change of the intensive state during the sampling should not be ignored. Unlike other materials, in clay materials the determination of shear strength and its interpretation is a very complex problem. The aim of this article is to search for the mechanical behavior of clay soils (lignite, kaolinite, marl) as shown by the laboratory illustration related with the problems on shear strength of materials, based on the results of experimental research
决定土壤岩土性能的因素主要是它们的组成、颗粒的大小和水分含量。土结构或基础工程的设计必须确保在施工的各个阶段和工程的整个生命周期中土的剪切充足性。然而,一般情况下,土的抗剪强度不是“恒定的”,而是取决于关键的外部因素,如荷载的史前状态、荷载状态的时间和顺序、孔隙水的超压以及其他因素,如相对密度,或任何预载荷、压力场、强度状态的变化率等。在取样过程中,变形的影响以及强度状态的变化是不可忽视的。与其他材料不同,粘土材料抗剪强度的测定及其解释是一个非常复杂的问题。本文的目的是在实验研究的基础上,通过实验室的图示,探讨黏土(褐煤、高岭石、泥灰岩)的力学行为与材料抗剪强度的相关问题
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引用次数: 5
Optimization of the Efficiency of a Michell–Banki Turbine Through the Variation of Its Geometrical Parameters Using a PSO Algorith 基于粒子群算法的Michell-Banki涡轮几何参数变化效率优化
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-08-02 DOI: 10.37394/232011.2021.16.5
A. J. Perez-Rodriguez, J. S. Río, L. Grisales-Noreña, S. Galvis
Small-scale hydropower generation can satisfy the needs of communities located near natural sources of flowing water. The operating conditions of a Michell–Banki Turbine (MBT) are relatively easier to meet than those of other types of turbine, making it useful in places where other devices are not suitable. Moreover, MBT efficiency is almost invariable with respect to flow rate conditions. Nevertheless, such efficiency commonly ranges between 70% and 85%, which is lower than that of other water turbines like Turgo, Pelton, or Francis turbine. The objective of this work is to determine the maximum theoretical efficiency of an MBT and its associated geometrical parameters by implementing Particle Swarm Optimization. The results show a higher effectiveness of the mathematical formulation compared with other cases from literature and show the performance of the optimization method proposed in this study in terms of solution and processing time. Finally, a maximum MBT efficiency of 93.3% was achieved
小型水力发电可以满足位于天然流动水源附近的社区的需求。与其他类型的涡轮机相比,米歇尔-班基涡轮机(MBT)的操作条件相对容易满足,这使得它在其他设备不适合的地方很有用。此外,MBT效率几乎不受流量条件的影响。然而,这种效率通常在70%到85%之间,低于其他水轮机,如Turgo, Pelton或Francis水轮机。本工作的目的是通过粒子群优化来确定MBT及其相关几何参数的最大理论效率。结果表明,与文献中的其他案例相比,该数学公式具有更高的有效性,并且表明了本文提出的优化方法在求解和处理时间方面的性能。最后,MBT效率最高可达93.3%
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引用次数: 2
Influence of Solids Concentration on Solid-Liquid Transportation in a Lime Production Plant 石灰生产装置中固体浓度对固液输送的影响
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.37394/232011.2021.16.4
Beata Jaworska-Jóźwiak
The main objective of the research is examining the influence of solids concentration on the shear stress and viscosity in fine-dispersive lime slurry collected from a flow installation existing in a selected processing plant producing lime. The analysis presented in the paper deals with slurry of average-size particles the diameter of which equals to 46μm, solid density ranges from 1140 kg/m3to 1330 kg/m3and solids concentration by volume from 10.12% to 23.70%. It has been shown that for solids concentration up to 18.28% by volume, the shear stress increases moderately with increasing concentration. If solids concentration is higher than 18.28% by volume, the shear stress increases exponentially. The determination of the boundary concentration above which the increase in shear stress is exponential is a fundamental guideline in determining the transport parameters of fine-dispersive lime slurry. The expected results of the analysis should be recommended for the transport of slurry with several times higher mass concentration and thus reducing the amount of water while increasing the economic profitability of the applied solution.
本研究的主要目的是研究固体浓度对细分散石灰浆剪切应力和粘度的影响,这些细分散石灰浆是从选定的石灰加工厂的流动装置中收集的。本文分析的浆料粒径为46μm,固体密度为1140 ~ 1330 kg/m3,固体体积浓度为10.12% ~ 23.70%。结果表明,当固体体积比达到18.28%时,剪切应力随固体体积比的增加而适度增大。当固相浓度大于18.28%(体积比)时,剪切应力呈指数增长。确定剪切应力呈指数增长的边界浓度是确定细分散石灰浆输运参数的基本准则。分析的预期结果应推荐用于输送质量浓度高出数倍的浆料,从而减少水量,同时提高所应用溶液的经济效益。
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引用次数: 2
Boundary Layer Flow Over a Vertical Cylinder Embedded in a Porous Medium Moving With Non Linear Velocity 嵌入以非线性速度运动的多孔介质中的垂直圆柱体上的边界层流动
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.37394/232013.2021.16.4
T. Emam
In this work, we consider a steady flow of an incompressible fluid over a cylinder which is semi-infinite. The cylinder is embedded in a porous medium and is considered to move vertically with nonlinear velocity. A system of ordinary differential equations is obtained from the partial differential equations governing the motion using a self-similarity transformation. Such system of ordinary differential equations is solved numerically after obtaining the missed initial conditions. The problem has been solved analytically for the linear velocity case. Numerical and analytical results for such case are given to validate the numerical method used.
在这项工作中,我们考虑不可压缩流体在半无限圆柱上的稳定流动。圆柱体嵌入多孔介质中,以非线性速度垂直运动。利用自相似变换,由控制运动的偏微分方程得到一个常微分方程组。在得到遗漏的初始条件后,对该常微分方程组进行了数值求解。对于线速度情况,该问题已得到了解析解。文中给出了这种情况下的数值和分析结果,以验证所采用的数值方法。
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引用次数: 3
Spring Cell Equivalence of Simplex Finite Elements – Exploration of an Iterative Approach 单纯形有限元的弹簧单元等效-迭代法的探索
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-28 DOI: 10.37394/232011.2020.15.25
I. Doltsinis
Natural spring cell substitutes of triangular and tetrahedral finite elements at constant strain take advantage of a formalism oriented along the element sides/edges. Two different models in use account just for the diagonal entities of either the flexibility matrix of the element or of its stiffness matrix. Both are incomplete substitutes, and defective to a degree depending on the significance of the off-diagonal parts of the element matrices. The present work discusses an iterative completeness of the substitution accounting for the discarded parts by additives to the spring members of the cell. In this connection, the iteration schemes are set up for either model at the material and at the element level, and convergence criteria are defined in terms of the spectral radii of the iteration operators. The convergence regions are confined for triangular elements, and are demonstrated with reference to a case study.
恒应变下三角形和四面体有限元的自然弹簧单元替代品利用了沿单元侧面/边缘定向的形式主义。使用的两种不同模型只考虑了单元柔度矩阵或刚度矩阵的对角线实体。两者都是不完全替代,并且在一定程度上有缺陷,这取决于元素矩阵的非对角线部分的重要性。目前的工作讨论了替换的迭代完备性,考虑到通过添加到细胞的弹簧成员的丢弃部分。在这方面,在材料和元素水平上为任意一个模型建立迭代方案,并根据迭代算子的谱半径定义收敛准则。对三角形单元的收敛区域进行了限制,并通过实例进行了论证。
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引用次数: 1
Simple and Efficient Methods to Perform the Optimum Matching Between a Reciprocating Piston Pump and a Wind Machine 往复式活塞泵与风机优化匹配的简便有效方法
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-14 DOI: 10.37394/232011.2020.15.24
Mahmoud Mohamed El-Ghobashy El-Hagar
One of the major problems facing the use of the wind driven reciprocating lift pump is the problem of starting. The required starting torque of the pump is at least three times the average torque. This means that the pump will need a high wind velocity just to be started, after that it will continue to operate at a lower wind velocity because of the lower average torque, provided that there is enough inertia in the system. For this reason, the torque characteristics of the wind turbine – reciprocating pump combination are very important. Thus, there is a real need to develop new methods in order to reduce this starting performance of the reciprocating pump. This paper presents a theoretical study to reduce the starting torque of a non-conventional reciprocating piston pump using new methods, for example, changing the wind machine parameters, such as the aerodynamics configuration of the rotor and blade elements, or by studying the effect of wind speed velocity on the starting torque. Also by changing the cross-section area of the piston or by changing the static head of the piston pump or by controlling the flow rate of the piston pump.
风驱动往复式提升泵的使用面临的主要问题之一是启动问题。泵所需的起动转矩至少是平均转矩的三倍。这意味着,只要系统中有足够的惯性,泵将需要高风速才能启动,之后,由于平均扭矩较低,泵将继续以较低的风速运行。因此,风机-往复式泵组合的扭矩特性非常重要。因此,确实需要开发新的方法来降低往复泵的这种启动性能。本文提出了一项理论研究,以降低非传统往复式活塞泵的起动转矩,方法包括改变风机参数,如转子和叶片元件的空气动力学配置,或通过研究风速对起动转矩的影响。也可以通过改变活塞的横截面积或通过改变活塞泵的静压头或通过控制活塞泵的流速。
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引用次数: 1
Hybrid Damage Prediction Procedure for Composite Laminates Submitted to Spectra Loading 复合材料层合板在光谱载荷作用下的混合损伤预测方法
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-13 DOI: 10.37394/232011.2020.15.23
Mohammed Bousfia, Mohammed Aboussaleh, B. Ouhbi
In this document, a hybrid procedure is constructed in order to predict the damage of a composite unidirectional laminate under random loading. This procedure is based on two pillars: a stiffness degradation model (SD-M) combined with an energy approach taking into account the effect of load ratio in addition to a system of equations generated by SSDQM method (Space State Differential Quadrature Method) which we have solved with a novel technic. The outputs of SSDQM method, previously serving for free vibration behavior analysis of composite structures, are used with those of SD-M model to predict damage failure of a composite laminate subjected to spectra loading. The results obtained correlate very well with experimental ones and an extensive comparison with other models validate the accuracy and convergence characteristics of this hybrid procedure.
在本文中,构建了一个混合程序来预测复合材料单向层压板在随机载荷下的损伤。该程序基于两个支柱:一个是刚度退化模型(SD-M),另一个是考虑负载比影响的能量方法,以及我们用一种新技术求解的SSDQM方法(空间状态微分求积法)生成的方程组。将以前用于复合材料结构自由振动行为分析的SSDQM方法的输出与SD-M模型的输出相结合,预测复合材料层压板在谱载荷作用下的损伤失效。所获得的结果与实验结果具有很好的相关性,并与其他模型进行了广泛的比较,验证了该混合程序的准确性和收敛性。
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引用次数: 0
Study of Input Parameters of Layered Half-Space used for Soil Modelling 层状半空间土壤模型输入参数研究
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-12-24 DOI: 10.37394/232011.2020.15.22
R. Čajka, Z. Neuwirthová
This article deals with a problem of soil modeling. That is a necessary part of foundation modeling.The soil modeling can directly influent the resulting deformation of the foundations and therefore deformationof the whole building. The accurate procedure that can simulate the foundation-soil interaction is still unknown.A greater understanding of the issue through experiments and numerical modeling is important for a goodapplication and proper use in practice. To improve this understanding an experimental test of a concrete slabwas performed on special testing equipment. The experiment is complemented by numerical modeling.Numerical models are created in the Ansys software. The article features three cube models and a half-spheremodel. Deformations on all featured models are discussed and compared to the experimental values andsimplified hand calculation. The subsoil model is based on the Boussinesq half-space theory. The soil section isassumed homogeneous and layered. The size of models is assumed as a changing parameter from 10 m to 30 m.A recommended model size was evaluated from the parametric study as a match of deformation from modelsand the experiment. This computed model size is compared with an affected depth described by the standardČSN 731001. Computation was performed using supercomputer Anselm in the National SupercomputingCenter IT4Innovations in the VSB-Technical University of Ostrava.
本文讨论了一个土壤建模问题。这是基础建模的必要部分。土壤建模可以直接影响基础的变形,从而影响整个建筑的变形。能够模拟地基-土壤相互作用的准确程序仍然未知。通过实验和数值建模更好地理解这个问题对于在实践中的良好应用和正确使用是很重要的。为了提高这种理解,在专用测试设备上对混凝土板进行了实验测试。通过数值模拟对实验进行了补充。数值模型是在Ansys软件中创建的。这篇文章以三个立方体模型和一个半球模型为特色。讨论了所有特征模型上的变形,并与实验值和简化的手工计算进行了比较。底土模型基于Boussinesq半空间理论。土壤剖面假定为均质和分层。模型的尺寸被假设为从10m到30m的变化参数。参数研究中对推荐的模型尺寸进行了评估,将其作为模型和实验变形的匹配。将计算出的模型尺寸与标准ČSN 731001描述的受影响深度进行比较。使用俄斯特拉发VSB技术大学国家超级计算中心IT4创新中心的超级计算机Anselm进行计算。
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引用次数: 1
Impacts of Heat and Mass Flux on MHD Flow and Heat Transfer of Radiative Nanofluid Past an Exponentially Shrinking/stretching Sheet With Viscous and Ohmic Dissipations 热通量和质量通量对辐射纳米流体通过具有粘性和欧姆耗散的指数收缩/拉伸薄片的MHD流动和传热的影响
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-12-22 DOI: 10.37394/232011.2020.15.21
M. D. Kumar, M. Thiagarajan
In this paper, a distributed formation flight control topology for Leader-Follower formation structure is presented. Such topology depends in the first place on online generation of the trajectories that should be followed by the agents in the formation. The trajectory of each agent is planned during execution depending on its neighbors and considering that the desired reference trajectory is only given to the leader. Simulation using MATLAB/SIMULINK is done on a formation of quadrotor UAVs to illustrate the proposed method. The topology shows very good results in achieving the formation and following the reference trajectory.
本文提出了一种适用于主从式编队结构的分布式编队飞行控制拓扑结构。这种拓扑结构首先取决于在线生成编队中的代理应该遵循的轨迹。每个代理的轨迹在执行过程中根据其邻居进行规划,并考虑到所需的参考轨迹只给领导者。使用MATLAB/SIMULINK对四旋翼无人机编队进行仿真,以说明所提出的方法。拓扑结构在实现编队和遵循参考轨迹方面显示出非常好的结果。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
WSEAS Transactions on Applied and Theoretical Mechanics
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