The main design parameter of spindle bearings is the ball advance and retardation in addition to the maximum contact pressures and the spin-to-roll ratio. This value describes the leading and trailing motion of the balls in the cage pockets in radially loaded spindle bearings. With a new measuring system, the motion of the balls can be precisely measured along the bearing circumference. At the same time, the developed test rig offers the possibility to load the bearing with dynamic forces. The results show an increase in the ball advance and retardation when dynamically load - ed with the cage and the technically relevant shaft rotational frequency compared to the static case. A load with multiples of the shaft rotational frequency does not lead to a significant increase of the ball advance and retardation.
{"title":"Kugelbewegung in Spindellagern unter dynamischer Belastung","authors":"Hans-Martin Eckel, C. Brecher, Stephan Neus","doi":"10.24053/tus-2022-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24053/tus-2022-0033","url":null,"abstract":"The main design parameter of spindle bearings is the ball advance and retardation in addition to the maximum contact pressures and the spin-to-roll ratio. This value describes the leading and trailing motion of the balls in the cage pockets in radially loaded spindle bearings. With a new measuring system, the motion of the balls can be precisely measured along the bearing circumference. At the same time, the developed test rig offers the possibility to load the bearing with dynamic forces. The results show an increase in the ball advance and retardation when dynamically load - ed with the cage and the technically relevant shaft rotational frequency compared to the static case. A load with multiples of the shaft rotational frequency does not lead to a significant increase of the ball advance and retardation.","PeriodicalId":53690,"journal":{"name":"Tribologie und Schmierungstechnik","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68958575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, the material-lubricant-systems of water lubrication combined with gears made from different tungsten carbide compositions are investigated regarding their behavior concerning wear as well as further gear failures such as scuffing, pitting and tooth root breakage.
{"title":"Scintific Evaluation of Investigations on the Load Carrying Capacity of Carbide Cylindrical Gears Lubricated with Water","authors":"Karl J. Raddatz, T. Tobie, K. Michaelis, K. Stahl","doi":"10.24053/tus-2022-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24053/tus-2022-0035","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the material-lubricant-systems of water lubrication combined with gears made from different tungsten carbide compositions are investigated regarding their behavior concerning wear as well as further gear failures such as scuffing, pitting and tooth root breakage.","PeriodicalId":53690,"journal":{"name":"Tribologie und Schmierungstechnik","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68959465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Justus Rüthing, F. Haupert, Regine Schmitz, Michael Sigrüner, Nicole Strübbe
A new approach for the friction and wear characterisation of polymer fibres under dry, mixed, and hydrodynamic sliding conditions is developed. The production process of the tested polymer fibres is described and an introduction in fibre-reinforced concrete is given. Tribotesting is done on an optimised tribometer capable of measuring the friction and wear behaviour of polymer fibres with diameters of a few 100 µm under lubricated conditions. Three extruded polypropylene macro fibres with varying diameters are characterised under tribological conditions found in an industrial concrete mixing process. It is shown that detailed friction and wear data of polymer fibres can be gathered.
{"title":"A new approach for the friction and wear characterisation of polymer fibres under dry, mixed and hydrodynamic sliding","authors":"Justus Rüthing, F. Haupert, Regine Schmitz, Michael Sigrüner, Nicole Strübbe","doi":"10.24053/tus-2022-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24053/tus-2022-0034","url":null,"abstract":"A new approach for the friction and wear characterisation of polymer fibres under dry, mixed, and hydrodynamic sliding conditions is developed. The production process of the tested polymer fibres is described and an introduction in fibre-reinforced concrete is given. Tribotesting is done on an optimised tribometer capable of measuring the friction and wear behaviour of polymer fibres with diameters of a few 100 µm under lubricated conditions. Three extruded polypropylene macro fibres with varying diameters are characterised under tribological conditions found in an industrial concrete mixing process. It is shown that detailed friction and wear data of polymer fibres can be gathered.","PeriodicalId":53690,"journal":{"name":"Tribologie und Schmierungstechnik","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68959129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maritime transport has a vital role in world economy. Its efficiency depends on the effective trade, transport facilitation, low cost of customs and the integration of new technologies for sustainable operation. However, the con-temporary demands have turned shipping industry into an emerging air pollutant with significant share to the global climate change problem. The industry is growing rapidly and it needs to lower greenhouse gas emissions in order to contribute towards the valuable effort for net zero emissions by 2050. A milestone to the ambitious strategy of decarbonization is the use of low or zero sulphur fuels that will contribute to the development of viable zero-emission vessels by 2030. Netherless the introduction of low-sulphur marine gasoils in the global fuel supply chain is accompanied by a huge range of side effects related to their storage, combustion, ignition and lubricity. The objective of the study is the evaluation of the lubricity of different marine distillate fuels with the High Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR) test, either by following the primary conditions defined by ISO 12156-1 standard or by modifying them. The ultimate goal is the accurate and reliable assessment of their lubricating capacity so as to identify the challenges related to it, on time.
{"title":"Tribological Assessment of Marine Distillate Fuels under a Variant HFRR Method","authors":"Theodora Tyrovola, F. Zannikos","doi":"10.24053/tus-2022-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24053/tus-2022-0036","url":null,"abstract":"Maritime transport has a vital role in world economy. Its efficiency depends on the effective trade, transport facilitation, low cost of customs and the integration of new technologies for sustainable operation. However, the con-temporary demands have turned shipping industry into an emerging air pollutant with significant share to the global climate change problem. The industry is growing rapidly and it needs to lower greenhouse gas emissions in order to contribute towards the valuable effort for net zero emissions by 2050. A milestone to the ambitious strategy of decarbonization is the use of low or zero sulphur fuels that will contribute to the development of viable zero-emission vessels by 2030. Netherless the introduction of low-sulphur marine gasoils in the global fuel supply chain is accompanied by a huge range of side effects related to their storage, combustion, ignition and lubricity. The objective of the study is the evaluation of the lubricity of different marine distillate fuels with the High Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR) test, either by following the primary conditions defined by ISO 12156-1 standard or by modifying them. The ultimate goal is the accurate and reliable assessment of their lubricating capacity so as to identify the challenges related to it, on time.","PeriodicalId":53690,"journal":{"name":"Tribologie und Schmierungstechnik","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68959620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Retrospect and outlook","authors":"A. Pauschitz","doi":"10.24053/tus-2022-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24053/tus-2022-0031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53690,"journal":{"name":"Tribologie und Schmierungstechnik","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68958303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The 23rd International Colloquium Tribology in January 2022 was held for the first time as an online conference only, with about 300 participants. The organising team, speakers and participants therefore made the best of this traditional event in Germany in view of the Covid-19 pandemic, even though the “online conference is not a substitute for a conference on site”, as one participant stated aptly. In almost 140 talks, 8 of which were plenary talks, new findings were reported on the topics of lubricants and additives, measuring techniques, digitalisation, coatings and surfaces, transport and industry, and sustainability. Several presentations were dedicated to the EU project “i-Tribomat”, which will soon be launched as “The European Tribology Centre” that offers services for the tribological characterisation of materials and lubricants.
{"title":"Review of the 23rd International Colloquium Tribology – 25-27 January 2022","authors":"Nicole Dörr, A. Pauschitz","doi":"10.24053/tus-2022-0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24053/tus-2022-0037","url":null,"abstract":"The 23rd International Colloquium Tribology in January 2022 was held for the first time as an online conference only, with about 300 participants. The organising team, speakers and participants therefore made the best of this traditional event in Germany in view of the Covid-19 pandemic, even though the “online conference is not a substitute for a conference on site”, as one participant stated aptly. In almost 140 talks, 8 of which were plenary talks, new findings were reported on the topics of lubricants and additives, measuring techniques, digitalisation, coatings and surfaces, transport and industry, and sustainability. Several presentations were dedicated to the EU project “i-Tribomat”, which will soon be launched as “The European Tribology Centre” that offers services for the tribological characterisation of materials and lubricants.","PeriodicalId":53690,"journal":{"name":"Tribologie und Schmierungstechnik","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68959705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The importance of these investigations lies to the combination of experimental results with cavitation initiation investigations and its development after the dead centers of the stroke as well as rheological behavior of different chemical additives with a view to establishing the likely performance gains in new lubricant formulations. Lubricant formulation plays an important role because at higher temperatures lubricant additives have a different interaction with contacting surfaces and in this manner the resulting effect of asperity contact is either increased or reduced.
{"title":"Squeeze Film Investigations in a Simulating Piston-Ring Cylinder Liner Experimental Set-up","authors":"P. Dellis","doi":"10.24053/tus-2022-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24053/tus-2022-0032","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of these investigations lies to the combination of experimental results with cavitation initiation investigations and its development after the dead centers of the stroke as well as rheological behavior of different chemical additives with a view to establishing the likely performance gains in new lubricant formulations. Lubricant formulation plays an important role because at higher temperatures lubricant additives have a different interaction with contacting surfaces and in this manner the resulting effect of asperity contact is either increased or reduced.","PeriodicalId":53690,"journal":{"name":"Tribologie und Schmierungstechnik","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68957939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Friction and wear as important tribological parameters in dry running plastic plain bearings are largely determined by pressure, sliding speed and contact temperature. This paper presents a methodology for evaluating and comparing different thermoplastic materials and their filler packages for use in plain bearings considering these parameters. Bearing manufacturing, test rig setup and test program, as well as the detailed analysis of data and specimens are explained. Various calculation methods are used to remove external influences from the raw sensor data, and to determine characteristic values for temperature and wear directly in the contact zone.
{"title":"Gleitlagerprüfstand mit erweiterter Sensorik zur Bestimmung der tribologischen Verschleißcharakteristik von Werkstoffen","authors":"Tim Langner","doi":"10.24053/tus-2021-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24053/tus-2021-0033","url":null,"abstract":"Friction and wear as important tribological parameters in dry running plastic plain bearings are largely determined by pressure, sliding speed and contact temperature. This paper presents a methodology for evaluating and comparing different thermoplastic materials and their filler packages for use in plain bearings considering these parameters. Bearing manufacturing, test rig setup and test program, as well as the detailed analysis of data and specimens are explained. Various calculation methods are used to remove external influences from the raw sensor data, and to determine characteristic values for temperature and wear directly in the contact zone.","PeriodicalId":53690,"journal":{"name":"Tribologie und Schmierungstechnik","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45430235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Increased loads and lower oil supply of today’s low-consumption internal combustion engines lead to higher demands on mechanical and elastohydro-dynamical design methods of the piston pin bearing. The bearing is not lubricated directly but through spray oil or oil mist. A description of the lubrication mechanism within the bearing has mostly been researched theoretically. In order to understand the friction conditions and lubrication mechanisms, the bearing is tested on an external test bench with high loads and a hydrostatic bearing of the piston. An enginelike lubrication can be variably adjusted. By comparing the contact pattern between measurement and calculation, conclusions can be drawn about the behaviour of the lubricant within the bearing. Using computational fluid dynamic calculations (CFD) the amount of oil in the gap of different lubrication directions is regarded. After transferring the results to the test bench a directed transport of lubricant is determined. Final friction measurements with an adapted direction of lubrication show a good accordance to the calculation results. These results validate a multi body system calculation (MBS/MKS) with a lubricating film coupling.
{"title":"Öltransport und Reibungsbewertung innerhalb der Kolbenbolzenlagerung","authors":"Dennis Liebmann, V. Lagemann, M. Bargende","doi":"10.24053/tus-2021-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24053/tus-2021-0036","url":null,"abstract":"Increased loads and lower oil supply of today’s low-consumption internal combustion engines lead to higher demands on mechanical and elastohydro-dynamical design methods of the piston pin bearing. The bearing is not lubricated directly but through spray oil or oil mist. A description of the lubrication mechanism within the bearing has mostly been researched theoretically. In order to understand the friction conditions and lubrication mechanisms, the bearing is tested on an external test bench with high loads and a hydrostatic bearing of the piston. An enginelike lubrication can be variably adjusted. By comparing the contact pattern between measurement and calculation, conclusions can be drawn about the behaviour of the lubricant within the bearing. Using computational fluid dynamic calculations (CFD) the amount of oil in the gap of different lubrication directions is regarded. After transferring the results to the test bench a directed transport of lubricant is determined. Final friction measurements with an adapted direction of lubrication show a good accordance to the calculation results. These results validate a multi body system calculation (MBS/MKS) with a lubricating film coupling.","PeriodicalId":53690,"journal":{"name":"Tribologie und Schmierungstechnik","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46360818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In rotating machinery, rolling bearings are often the components limiting service life. To avoid unforeseen downtimes, they have to be maintained. For reasons of safety and cost optimization, condition-based maintenance is increasingly being used. Knowing the condition of the components that are critical to wear is essential for this maintenance approach. The insight about the condition is achieved by means of suitable measurement variables, which can be used to automatically detect the condition of the components using machine learning. The quality of the condition monitoring is strongly dependent on the available measurement data and its preprocessing. For condition monitoring of rolling bearings, structure-borne sound signals can be used. The decisive factor here is to determine so-called features from the high-frequency sampled structure-borne sound signals. These features are supposed to reflect the characteristic properties of the measured signals. At the same time, the amount of data is considerably reduced. In this article, different methods of feature engineering based on structure-borne sound are investigated. For this purpose, the wear of rolling bearings is considered in the context of endurance tests. A new feature generation method is presented and compared to common methods from literature.
{"title":"Feature-Engineering für die Zustandsüberwachung von Wälzlagern mittels maschinellen Lernens","authors":"C. Bienefeld, A. Vogt, Marian Kacmar, E. Kirchner","doi":"10.24053/tus-2021-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24053/tus-2021-0032","url":null,"abstract":"In rotating machinery, rolling bearings are often the components limiting service life. To avoid unforeseen downtimes, they have to be maintained. For reasons of safety and cost optimization, condition-based maintenance is increasingly being used. Knowing the condition of the components that are critical to wear is essential for this maintenance approach. The insight about the condition is achieved by means of suitable measurement variables, which can be used to automatically detect the condition of the components using machine learning. The quality of the condition monitoring is strongly dependent on the available measurement data and its preprocessing. For condition monitoring of rolling bearings, structure-borne sound signals can be used. The decisive factor here is to determine so-called features from the high-frequency sampled structure-borne sound signals. These features are supposed to reflect the characteristic properties of the measured signals. At the same time, the amount of data is considerably reduced. In this article, different methods of feature engineering based on structure-borne sound are investigated. For this purpose, the wear of rolling bearings is considered in the context of endurance tests. A new feature generation method is presented and compared to common methods from literature.","PeriodicalId":53690,"journal":{"name":"Tribologie und Schmierungstechnik","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46859330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：