This article studies a modern Essene movement based in the United States for its unusual merging of New Age practice with Christian fundamentalism with ancient history. By harkening back to the mystical religions of the ancient Mediterranean, these modern Essenes are able to engage in syncretistic practices while claiming to preserve the traditions of the ancient Essenes.
{"title":"Reading History with the Essenes of Elmira","authors":"Anne Kreps","doi":"10.1558/IJSNR.37617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/IJSNR.37617","url":null,"abstract":"This article studies a modern Essene movement based in the United States for its unusual merging of New Age practice with Christian fundamentalism with ancient history. By harkening back to the mystical religions of the ancient Mediterranean, these modern Essenes are able to engage in syncretistic practices while claiming to preserve the traditions of the ancient Essenes.","PeriodicalId":53821,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for the Study of New Religions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46681596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article examines the ways in which Stephan Hoeller, head of the Ecclesia Gnostica, has transformed a very diverse set of late antique currents, with doctrines phrased in a mythic language unfamiliar to most moderns and rituals only sketchily documented in the sources, into a form of lived religiosity relevant for contemporary audiences.
{"title":"Jungian Gnosticism of the Ecclesia Gnostica","authors":"Olav Hammer","doi":"10.1558/IJSNR.37615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/IJSNR.37615","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the ways in which Stephan Hoeller, head of the Ecclesia Gnostica, has transformed a very diverse set of late antique currents, with doctrines phrased in a mythic language unfamiliar to most moderns and rituals only sketchily documented in the sources, into a form of lived religiosity relevant for contemporary audiences.","PeriodicalId":53821,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for the Study of New Religions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48499887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article investigates the legacy and "re-use" of image and design elements from Late-Antique ritual texts in contemporary magical practice. Examples are drawn from "The Theban Magical Library" and The Books of Jeu (Codex Brucianus). The analysis includes consideration of epistemology, concepts of embodiment, and relation between image and text.
{"title":"Binding Images","authors":"J. Johnston","doi":"10.1558/IJSNR.37616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/IJSNR.37616","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates the legacy and \"re-use\" of image and design elements from Late-Antique ritual texts in contemporary magical practice. Examples are drawn from \"The Theban Magical Library\" and The Books of Jeu (Codex Brucianus). The analysis includes consideration of epistemology, concepts of embodiment, and relation between image and text.","PeriodicalId":53821,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for the Study of New Religions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41775204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This special issue continues the objective—began in IJSNR 8.2—of exploring the varied and enduring effects of Mediterranean antiquity by examining what we have called “Transformations of Ancient Religion in the New Age and Beyond.”
{"title":"Editorial","authors":"D. Burns, A. Renger","doi":"10.1558/IJSNR.37644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/IJSNR.37644","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue continues the objective—began in IJSNR 8.2—of exploring the varied and enduring effects of Mediterranean antiquity by examining what we have called “Transformations of Ancient Religion in the New Age and Beyond.”","PeriodicalId":53821,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for the Study of New Religions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45127914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A recent development of the commercialization of New Age religiosity is the combination of ancient Asian traditions with elements of European history—even ancient mythography—and modern psychotherapy, on the assumption, increasingly prevalent since 1800, of a common origin of all religions. The original Asian methods and their religious and philosophical contexts are reinterpreted to make them compatible with the cognitive habits and needs of modern Western recipients, particularly as regards the contemporary ideals of health, beauty and youth.
{"title":"“From Aphrodite to Kuan Yin”","authors":"A. Renger","doi":"10.1558/IJSNR.37401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/IJSNR.37401","url":null,"abstract":"A recent development of the commercialization of New Age religiosity is the combination of ancient Asian traditions with elements of European history—even ancient mythography—and modern psychotherapy, on the assumption, increasingly prevalent since 1800, of a common origin of all religions. The original Asian methods and their religious and philosophical contexts are reinterpreted to make them compatible with the cognitive habits and needs of modern Western recipients, particularly as regards the contemporary ideals of health, beauty and youth.","PeriodicalId":53821,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for the Study of New Religions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45338579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines the representation of Minoan Crete within the feminist Goddess Movement, separatist, feminist, Dianic Witchcraft, and the maleonly Minoan Brotherhood. Analysis and critique of the matriarchalist understanding of Minoan material culture by these groups demonstrates that it is interpreted in a highly ideological manner that has little to do with actual Minoan religion.
{"title":"Artifice of Daidalos","authors":"Caroline Tulley","doi":"10.1558/ijsnr.37403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/ijsnr.37403","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the representation of Minoan Crete within the feminist Goddess Movement, separatist, feminist, Dianic Witchcraft, and the maleonly Minoan Brotherhood. Analysis and critique of the matriarchalist understanding of Minoan material culture by these groups demonstrates that it is interpreted in a highly ideological manner that has little to do with actual Minoan religion.","PeriodicalId":53821,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for the Study of New Religions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67496331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article explores Johnson’s concepts of indigenizing and extending through the lens of European pow-wow. Drawing on his argument that “identifying practices of indigenousness…are imagined through global media and often expressed in their forms” it begins with an overview of historical European representations of American Indians: representations that were virtually global at the time, and have led to the ubiquitous image of the Indian (or possibly indian warrior using the hyperreal simulation argument put forward by Vizenor). Such representations dominate the European pow-wow scene, where individuals don Indian garb and dance at social events, many of which are open to the public. The article then focuses on the English pow-wow scene, contrasting it with parade Hobbyism. Here individuals dress up as indians for public commemorations on Bonfire Night (November 5th annually). Both groups can be understood as conforming to Johnson’s extending narrative: the “circulation of religious knowledge and symbols into wider availability… [allowing] what was once a local truth [to be] presented as a more broadly applicable, even a universal one.” However, the far more complex matter of indigenizing requires discussion of contentious issues of appropriation.
{"title":"Powwowing My Way","authors":"C. Welch","doi":"10.1558/ijsnr.37623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/ijsnr.37623","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores Johnson’s concepts of indigenizing and extending through the lens of European pow-wow. Drawing on his argument that “identifying practices of indigenousness…are imagined through global media and often expressed in their forms” it begins with an overview of historical European representations of American Indians: representations that were virtually global at the time, and have led to the ubiquitous image of the Indian (or possibly indian warrior using the hyperreal simulation argument put forward by Vizenor). Such representations dominate the European pow-wow scene, where individuals don Indian garb and dance at social events, many of which are open to the public. The article then focuses on the English pow-wow scene, contrasting it with parade Hobbyism. Here individuals dress up as indians for public commemorations on Bonfire Night (November 5th annually). Both groups can be understood as conforming to Johnson’s extending narrative: the “circulation of religious knowledge and symbols into wider availability… [allowing] what was once a local truth [to be] presented as a more broadly applicable, even a universal one.” However, the far more complex matter of indigenizing requires discussion of contentious issues of appropriation.","PeriodicalId":53821,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for the Study of New Religions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41334927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article asks if “indigenous,” associated as it is with “colonized peoples,” is being employed strategically by Druids in Britain to support cultural or political aims. Prominent Druids make various claims to indigeneity, presenting Druidry as the pre-Christian religion of the British Isles and emphasizing that it originated there. By “religion” it also assumes Druidry was a culture equal to if not superior to Christianity—similar to views of antiquarians in earlier centuries who idealized a pre-Christian British culture as equal to that of ancient Greece. Although British Druids refute the nationalist tag, and make efforts to root out those tendencies, it can be argued that it is a love of the land rather than the country per se that drives indigeneity discourses in British Druidry.
{"title":"Is Druidry Indigenous? The Politics of Pagan Indigeneity Discourse","authors":"Suzanne Owen","doi":"10.1558/ijsnr.37622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/ijsnr.37622","url":null,"abstract":"This article asks if “indigenous,” associated as it is with “colonized peoples,” is being employed strategically by Druids in Britain to support cultural or political aims. Prominent Druids make various claims to indigeneity, presenting Druidry as the pre-Christian religion of the British Isles and emphasizing that it originated there. By “religion” it also assumes Druidry was a culture equal to if not superior to Christianity—similar to views of antiquarians in earlier centuries who idealized a pre-Christian British culture as equal to that of ancient Greece. Although British Druids refute the nationalist tag, and make efforts to root out those tendencies, it can be argued that it is a love of the land rather than the country per se that drives indigeneity discourses in British Druidry.","PeriodicalId":53821,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for the Study of New Religions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42332131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reception of academic debates about animism have led to an increase in the number of people who self-identify as “animists.” Among Pagan animists, one example experiments with a midwinter Bear Feast to embed respect for the larger-than-human world in foodways and rituals. To do so they draw on Indigenous and scholarly sources in processes that might be “indigenizing” in several senses. Sources are drawn into an existing tradition, re-shaping it along more localized and more animistic lines. They also encourage the kind of personhood that is more often encouraged among Indigenous people—i.e. promoting “dividuation” rather than the individualizing of consumer capitalist Modernity. Simultaneously, ceremonies are developed that also draw on / in Indigenous knowledges some mediated by scholars. as well as advancing a post-Protestant, un-Modern re-turn to ritual.
{"title":"Bear Feasts in a Land without Wild. Bears","authors":"Graham Harvey","doi":"10.1558/IJSNR.37620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/IJSNR.37620","url":null,"abstract":"Reception of academic debates about animism have led to an increase in the number of people who self-identify as “animists.” Among Pagan animists, one example experiments with a midwinter Bear Feast to embed respect for the larger-than-human world in foodways and rituals. To do so they draw on Indigenous and scholarly sources in processes that might be “indigenizing” in several senses. Sources are drawn into an existing tradition, re-shaping it along more localized and more animistic lines. They also encourage the kind of personhood that is more often encouraged among Indigenous people—i.e. promoting “dividuation” rather than the individualizing of consumer capitalist Modernity. Simultaneously, ceremonies are developed that also draw on / in Indigenous knowledges some mediated by scholars. as well as advancing a post-Protestant, un-Modern re-turn to ritual.","PeriodicalId":53821,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for the Study of New Religions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45897774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This contribution examines two modern, "Neo-Bogomil" groups: the Universal White Brotherhood (Bulgaria), and the Balkan Bogomil Center (Croatia). Both of these groups claim not only the authority of Bogomilism but ancient "Gnosticism," articulating these dualist heresies in terms of Theosophy as well as South-Eastern European religious and ethnic-national identities formulated in the later nineteenth century.
{"title":"(Neo-)Bogomil Legends","authors":"D. Burns, N. Radulović","doi":"10.1558/ijsnr.37613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/ijsnr.37613","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution examines two modern, \"Neo-Bogomil\" groups: the Universal White Brotherhood (Bulgaria), and the Balkan Bogomil Center (Croatia). Both of these groups claim not only the authority of Bogomilism but ancient \"Gnosticism,\" articulating these dualist heresies in terms of Theosophy as well as South-Eastern European religious and ethnic-national identities formulated in the later nineteenth century.","PeriodicalId":53821,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for the Study of New Religions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43916375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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