Pub Date : 2021-04-13DOI: 10.15332/ITECKNE.V18I1.2539
Ricardo Andres Diaz Suárez, Leidy Tatiana Moreno Moreno, Marlon Andres Sanjuan Vargas, Carlos Alberto Prada Garcia, Luis Dalmiro Torres
In this research work, the development of an electro-mechanical device for the rehabilitation of the flexor-extensor movement of the elbow with rehabilitative potential is presented. For the development of this prototype, an elbow joint was designed and built which allows movements from 0 ° to 120 °. The design of the gear system was carried out using Solid Edge software from a previous selection of the step motor that offered enough torque to achieve flexion and extension of the elbow, then for the construction of this system a 3D printing was used in PLA. This system was coupled to a hinged arm stabilizer system. The prototype is operated from a software application on Android using the IDE MITapp inventor, which sends the desired angulation to an Arduino device which implements a digital control system. To improve the perception of exoskeleton therapy, a telerehabilitation software application was developed using IDE processing and a Kinect body recognition device, which guides the patient in an interactive therapy where they perform the rehabilitation of flexion and extension movement by guiding a virtual object from one angle to another.
{"title":"Development of an exoskeleton for the rehabilitation of the flexo-extensor movement of the elbow","authors":"Ricardo Andres Diaz Suárez, Leidy Tatiana Moreno Moreno, Marlon Andres Sanjuan Vargas, Carlos Alberto Prada Garcia, Luis Dalmiro Torres","doi":"10.15332/ITECKNE.V18I1.2539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15332/ITECKNE.V18I1.2539","url":null,"abstract":"In this research work, the development of an electro-mechanical device for the rehabilitation of the flexor-extensor movement of the elbow with rehabilitative potential is presented. For the development of this prototype, an elbow joint was designed and built which allows movements from 0 ° to 120 °. The design of the gear system was carried out using Solid Edge software from a previous selection of the step motor that offered enough torque to achieve flexion and extension of the elbow, then for the construction of this system a 3D printing was used in PLA. This system was coupled to a hinged arm stabilizer system. The prototype is operated from a software application on Android using the IDE MITapp inventor, which sends the desired angulation to an Arduino device which implements a digital control system. To improve the perception of exoskeleton therapy, a telerehabilitation software application was developed using IDE processing and a Kinect body recognition device, which guides the patient in an interactive therapy where they perform the rehabilitation of flexion and extension movement by guiding a virtual object from one angle to another.","PeriodicalId":53892,"journal":{"name":"Revista Iteckne","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45523371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-13DOI: 10.15332/ITECKNE.V18I1.2541
Sandra Patricia Cabrera-Córdoba, Juan David Gutiérrez-Torres, Ricardo Restrepo-Manrique
Abiotic factors can negatively or positively affect the structure of communities; studying these factors is important to identify the causes that structure ant communities; taking into account this situation and that in the Amazon foothills region, particularly in the Putumayo department, few studies have been carried out and there is insufficient knowledge about the ecology of many species, this research was aimed to evaluate the effect of environmental variables in the assembly of ants, evaluating the hypothesis: the assembly of forest and grassland ants reflect changes in environmental variables (ambient temperature, soil temperature and relative humidity). In the municipality of Orito, in a secondary forest of the Amazon foothills and its grassland matrix, a 100 m transect was traced, locating 10 stations 10 m apart, in these, ants were sampled with: pitfall traps, corner baits: arboreal, epigeal and hypogeal, leaf litter extraction and manual capture. With the averages of the environmental variables in each station and the diversity and richness data per month of sampling, the Poisson regression analysis was performed and with the data of the morphospecies and the averages of the measured variables, the principal component analysis was performed. The results indicated that, the ants assemblages did not reflect the changes of the variables, some species responded to these patterns. Therefore, to understand the dynamics of the functioning of the ecosystems of the Amazonian foothills, it is necessary to study the biology of each species; However, it was determined that, the habitats studied share generalist species and contain exclusive species that contribute to the diversity of ants in the Amazonian foothills, consequently the sites must be conserved.
{"title":"Effects of environmental variables on the composition of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Amazonian foothills forest","authors":"Sandra Patricia Cabrera-Córdoba, Juan David Gutiérrez-Torres, Ricardo Restrepo-Manrique","doi":"10.15332/ITECKNE.V18I1.2541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15332/ITECKNE.V18I1.2541","url":null,"abstract":"Abiotic factors can negatively or positively affect the structure of communities; studying these factors is important to identify the causes that structure ant communities; taking into account this situation and that in the Amazon foothills region, particularly in the Putumayo department, few studies have been carried out and there is insufficient knowledge about the ecology of many species, this research was aimed to evaluate the effect of environmental variables in the assembly of ants, evaluating the hypothesis: the assembly of forest and grassland ants reflect changes in environmental variables (ambient temperature, soil temperature and relative humidity). In the municipality of Orito, in a secondary forest of the Amazon foothills and its grassland matrix, a 100 m transect was traced, locating 10 stations 10 m apart, in these, ants were sampled with: pitfall traps, corner baits: arboreal, epigeal and hypogeal, leaf litter extraction and manual capture. With the averages of the environmental variables in each station and the diversity and richness data per month of sampling, the Poisson regression analysis was performed and with the data of the morphospecies and the averages of the measured variables, the principal component analysis was performed. The results indicated that, the ants assemblages did not reflect the changes of the variables, some species responded to these patterns. Therefore, to understand the dynamics of the functioning of the ecosystems of the Amazonian foothills, it is necessary to study the biology of each species; However, it was determined that, the habitats studied share generalist species and contain exclusive species that contribute to the diversity of ants in the Amazonian foothills, consequently the sites must be conserved.","PeriodicalId":53892,"journal":{"name":"Revista Iteckne","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41811055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-11DOI: 10.15332/ITECKNE.V18I1.2532
C. Ngandu
Modelling of concrete that incorporates agricultural wastes such as rice husk ash (RHA) could potentially enhance utilization of green concrete and application of sustainable construction materials. This paper evaluations compressive strength prediction for rice husk ash (RHA) cementitious material incorporated concrete using artificial neural networks (ANNs) one of the various prediction methods. The research is based on various previous experimental studies.Literature reviews of 72 datasets for RHA incorporated concrete from 15 previous researches, were used and subjected to ANNs models, having learning rate of 0.06 with tanh activation functions. Four(4) input variables were considered, namely:- superplasticizer or water reducers variation from control (%), water to binder ratio, percentage of RHA and control compressive strengths. Output variable was compressive strength of RHA cementitious material incorporated concrete. The ANN with 15 neurons in the hidden layer was selected and indicated overall values of 5.10MPa, 0.99, 3.81MPa and 9.73% for the root mean square error (RMSE), absolute factor of variance (R2), mean absolute error (MAE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) respectively and for individual training, validation/checking and testing datasets, the RMSE, R2, MAE and MAPE ranging between 3.98MPa-6.56MPa, 0.98-0.99, 3.44MPa-4.94MPa and 9.19%-12.41% respectively. Generally, both predicted and original dataset, indicated higher and lower strength values for 5-10% and 15-30% RHA incorporated cementitious material concrete respectively compared to the control strengths.Considering that the study utilized data from different sources and with a wide range of concrete strengths the selected ANN showed relatively good performance. The study provides an indicator that machine learning techniques could accurately predict green concrete strength. Based on model performance the percentage RHA cementitious materials in concrete and the other 3 input variable had a significant impact on concrete strengths. Future research should be conducted to predict green concrete focused on particular concrete class.
{"title":"Prediction of Compressive Strengths for Rice Husks Ash incorporated concrete, Using Neural Network and Reviews","authors":"C. Ngandu","doi":"10.15332/ITECKNE.V18I1.2532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15332/ITECKNE.V18I1.2532","url":null,"abstract":"Modelling of concrete that incorporates agricultural wastes such as rice husk ash (RHA) could potentially enhance utilization of green concrete and application of sustainable construction materials. This paper evaluations compressive strength prediction for rice husk ash (RHA) cementitious material incorporated concrete using artificial neural networks (ANNs) one of the various prediction methods. The research is based on various previous experimental studies.Literature reviews of 72 datasets for RHA incorporated concrete from 15 previous researches, were used and subjected to ANNs models, having learning rate of 0.06 with tanh activation functions. Four(4) input variables were considered, namely:- superplasticizer or water reducers variation from control (%), water to binder ratio, percentage of RHA and control compressive strengths. Output variable was compressive strength of RHA cementitious material incorporated concrete. The ANN with 15 neurons in the hidden layer was selected and indicated overall values of 5.10MPa, 0.99, 3.81MPa and 9.73% for the root mean square error (RMSE), absolute factor of variance (R2), mean absolute error (MAE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) respectively and for individual training, validation/checking and testing datasets, the RMSE, R2, MAE and MAPE ranging between 3.98MPa-6.56MPa, 0.98-0.99, 3.44MPa-4.94MPa and 9.19%-12.41% respectively. Generally, both predicted and original dataset, indicated higher and lower strength values for 5-10% and 15-30% RHA incorporated cementitious material concrete respectively compared to the control strengths.Considering that the study utilized data from different sources and with a wide range of concrete strengths the selected ANN showed relatively good performance. The study provides an indicator that machine learning techniques could accurately predict green concrete strength. Based on model performance the percentage RHA cementitious materials in concrete and the other 3 input variable had a significant impact on concrete strengths. Future research should be conducted to predict green concrete focused on particular concrete class.","PeriodicalId":53892,"journal":{"name":"Revista Iteckne","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48612293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the Institute of Tropical Geography (IGT), and in the rest of the centers that develop the Environmental Information System of the country, environmental measurements are not obtained in real-time. This is because the technology used to communicate this information, from the sensors that capture it to the center where it is processed, is obsolete. The objective of this work is to provide a solution to the problems raised above using Machine to Machine communication (M2M), as part of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. To achieve the above, the M2M architecture defined by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute was revised and, based on it, the one that should be used to obtain environmental data in real-time was specified. Then, a geographical area with special characteristics was selected, located in a difficult-to-access pre-mountain zone on the outskirts of the Consolación del Sur municipality, in the Pinar del Río province of Cuba, where environmental factors of interest for the country are currently monitored using archaic methods. In the M2M area of this scenario, several alternatives were analyzed to obtain the data, which allowed selecting the most appropriate one, which is the one explained in this work
{"title":"M2M Architecture for environmental monitoring in real time","authors":"Elaine Cubillas Hernández, Caridad Anías Calderón, Tatiana Delgado Fernández","doi":"10.15332/ITECKNE.V18I1.2531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15332/ITECKNE.V18I1.2531","url":null,"abstract":"In the Institute of Tropical Geography (IGT), and in the rest of the centers that develop the Environmental Information System of the country, environmental measurements are not obtained in real-time. This is because the technology used to communicate this information, from the sensors that capture it to the center where it is processed, is obsolete. The objective of this work is to provide a solution to the problems raised above using Machine to Machine communication (M2M), as part of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. To achieve the above, the M2M architecture defined by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute was revised and, based on it, the one that should be used to obtain environmental data in real-time was specified. Then, a geographical area with special characteristics was selected, located in a difficult-to-access pre-mountain zone on the outskirts of the Consolación del Sur municipality, in the Pinar del Río province of Cuba, where environmental factors of interest for the country are currently monitored using archaic methods. In the M2M area of this scenario, several alternatives were analyzed to obtain the data, which allowed selecting the most appropriate one, which is the one explained in this work","PeriodicalId":53892,"journal":{"name":"Revista Iteckne","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47922103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-17DOI: 10.15332/iteckne.v18i1.2490
J. James, A. Kirubhakaran, R. Balamurukan, V. Jawahar, S. S. Soorya
The investigation dealt with the stabilization of expansive soil with combinations of lime, steel slag and reinforced with two types of fibres, copper filaments and polypropylene fibres. The investigation began with the characterization of the soil for its geotechnical properties. The initial consumption of lime required for the modification of the soil properties was determined from the Eades and Grim pH test. Cylindrical specimens of soil with dimensions 38 mm x 76 mm were cast using this lime content as a stabilizer along with varying quantities of steel slag for determination of optimum steel slag content. The pure lime stabilized soil as well as lime-steel slag modified soil specimens were reinforced with different proportions of copper filaments for determination of optimum fibre content. One dosage of polypropylene fibres was also adopted as reinforcement in specimen preparation. The optimal combinations identified were then subjected to a maximum of three cycles of wetting and drying followed by determination of unconfined compression strength (UCS). The expansive soil required a minimum of 3% lime for its modification. The optimum dosage of steel slag was identified as 5% and optimum copper filament content as 1%. Polypropylene content of 0.3% was also adopted as one combination. The results of the investigation revealed that lime stabilized fibre-reinforced soil with copper filaments was the most durable combination followed by polypropylene fibres. The introduction of steel slag in the mix could not generate enough beneficial durability to the soil after three cycles of wetting and drying.
研究了石灰、钢渣复合材料和铜丝和聚丙烯纤维两种纤维加固膨胀土的稳定性。调查开始于对土壤的岩土力学特性进行表征。通过Eades和Grim pH试验确定了改良土壤特性所需的石灰的初始消耗量。用这种石灰含量作为稳定剂和不同数量的钢渣一起铸造尺寸为38 mm x 76 mm的圆柱形土壤样品，以确定最佳钢渣含量。采用不同比例的铜丝对纯石灰稳定土和石灰钢渣改性土进行加固，以确定最佳纤维含量。在试样制备中还采用了一种剂量的聚丙烯纤维作为增强剂。确定的最佳组合，然后进行最多三个循环的润湿和干燥，然后确定无侧限抗压强度(UCS)。膨胀土至少需要3%的石灰进行改性。确定钢渣的最佳掺量为5%，铜长丝的最佳掺量为1%。聚丙烯含量0.3%为一种组合。结果表明，铜丝石灰稳定纤维增强土的耐久性最高，其次是聚丙烯纤维增强土。在混合料中加入钢渣，经过三次干湿循环后，不能对土壤产生足够的有益耐久性。
{"title":"Wetting-Drying Resistance of a Lime Stabilized Soil Amended with Steel Slag and Reinforced with Fibres","authors":"J. James, A. Kirubhakaran, R. Balamurukan, V. Jawahar, S. S. Soorya","doi":"10.15332/iteckne.v18i1.2490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15332/iteckne.v18i1.2490","url":null,"abstract":"The investigation dealt with the stabilization of expansive soil with combinations of lime, steel slag and reinforced with two types of fibres, copper filaments and polypropylene fibres. The investigation began with the characterization of the soil for its geotechnical properties. The initial consumption of lime required for the modification of the soil properties was determined from the Eades and Grim pH test. Cylindrical specimens of soil with dimensions 38 mm x 76 mm were cast using this lime content as a stabilizer along with varying quantities of steel slag for determination of optimum steel slag content. The pure lime stabilized soil as well as lime-steel slag modified soil specimens were reinforced with different proportions of copper filaments for determination of optimum fibre content. One dosage of polypropylene fibres was also adopted as reinforcement in specimen preparation. The optimal combinations identified were then subjected to a maximum of three cycles of wetting and drying followed by determination of unconfined compression strength (UCS). The expansive soil required a minimum of 3% lime for its modification. The optimum dosage of steel slag was identified as 5% and optimum copper filament content as 1%. Polypropylene content of 0.3% was also adopted as one combination. The results of the investigation revealed that lime stabilized fibre-reinforced soil with copper filaments was the most durable combination followed by polypropylene fibres. The introduction of steel slag in the mix could not generate enough beneficial durability to the soil after three cycles of wetting and drying.","PeriodicalId":53892,"journal":{"name":"Revista Iteckne","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43442406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This document generally describes relevant aspects for the establishment of community monitoring in a river basin, establishing the importance of actively including the main actors related to the water system in order to make territories and ecosystems sustainable. This work contemplates a review of community monitoring models applied to hydrographic basins at the national and international level with the objective of identifying the fundamental elements for the establishment of the route or steps for the development of community monitoring in micro-basins, taking Rio Frío as a reference. The established route starts from the formation of a team led by the community that lives in the area of direct influence of the micro-basin and other interested parties such as environmental authorities, public service operators (aqueduct and sewerage), academic community (experts), and environmental organizations, who will be in charge of building the ecosystem context, identifying problems, planning and executing monitoring and managing the knowledge acquired to achieve sanitation and sustainability of the resource.
{"title":"Methodological roadmap for the development of communal monitoring of microbasins. Case study: Río Frío","authors":"Alix Estela Yusara Contreras Gómez, Hanz Muller Rueda","doi":"10.15332/iteckne.v18i1.2544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15332/iteckne.v18i1.2544","url":null,"abstract":"This document generally describes relevant aspects for the establishment of community monitoring in a river basin, establishing the importance of actively including the main actors related to the water system in order to make territories and ecosystems sustainable. This work contemplates a review of community monitoring models applied to hydrographic basins at the national and international level with the objective of identifying the fundamental elements for the establishment of the route or steps for the development of community monitoring in micro-basins, taking Rio Frío as a reference. The established route starts from the formation of a team led by the community that lives in the area of direct influence of the micro-basin and other interested parties such as environmental authorities, public service operators (aqueduct and sewerage), academic community (experts), and environmental organizations, who will be in charge of building the ecosystem context, identifying problems, planning and executing monitoring and managing the knowledge acquired to achieve sanitation and sustainability of the resource.","PeriodicalId":53892,"journal":{"name":"Revista Iteckne","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67502336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-13DOI: 10.15332/iteckne.v17i2.2466
C. Barrera, A. Valenzuela
The harmonic simulation on power systems can be performed using methodologies which are focused on time and frequency domain. The solution of power systems under harmonics require a complete and detailed solution of grid equations, and consequently, different techniques and methodologies are used to solve these equations, which are used based on its application, due to the act that robustness and convergence speed. On the other hand, not only methodologies are important, but also component models, which it is a mathematical representation of real behavior of electrical devices on power systems. Set in this context, models and techniques are essential to simulate and obtain results, which are measured and compared with international standards on electric power quality, subsequently, impacts and possible techniques for power quality improvement by mitigation of harmonics could be proposed.
{"title":"Harmonic Simulation Methods in Power Systems","authors":"C. Barrera, A. Valenzuela","doi":"10.15332/iteckne.v17i2.2466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15332/iteckne.v17i2.2466","url":null,"abstract":"The harmonic simulation on power systems can be performed using methodologies which are focused on time and frequency domain. The solution of power systems under harmonics require a complete and detailed solution of grid equations, and consequently, different techniques and methodologies are used to solve these equations, which are used based on its application, due to the act that robustness and convergence speed. On the other hand, not only methodologies are important, but also component models, which it is a mathematical representation of real behavior of electrical devices on power systems. Set in this context, models and techniques are essential to simulate and obtain results, which are measured and compared with international standards on electric power quality, subsequently, impacts and possible techniques for power quality improvement by mitigation of harmonics could be proposed.","PeriodicalId":53892,"journal":{"name":"Revista Iteckne","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42151119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-17DOI: 10.15332/iteckne.v17i1.2426
Gustavo Chica-Pedraza, Ángel Felipe Díaz-Sánchez, Mónica Espinosa-Buitrago, D. Angulo-Esguerra
Santo Tomás University does not currently have the entire telecommunications infrastructure that allows its students to perform laboratory practices in the area of mobile telephony. Therefore, this research work has the purpose of implementing a mobile cellular telephone base (TMC), GSM 2G and the development of a LTE 4G signal reception system, all this through the use of software-defined radio and free software tools. The implementation of the base station generates and manages the wireless resource issued by it, in order to provide short text messaging services and voice call. On the other hand, the LTE 4G signal reception system was developed in the GNURadio software, which allows replicating a didactic and educational form of the whole process of generation and reception of basic mobile telecommunications services.
{"title":"Implementation of a GSM base station and reception of LTE signals, applying radio defined by software","authors":"Gustavo Chica-Pedraza, Ángel Felipe Díaz-Sánchez, Mónica Espinosa-Buitrago, D. Angulo-Esguerra","doi":"10.15332/iteckne.v17i1.2426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15332/iteckne.v17i1.2426","url":null,"abstract":"Santo Tomás University does not currently have the entire telecommunications infrastructure that allows its students to perform laboratory practices in the area of mobile telephony. Therefore, this research work has the purpose of implementing a mobile cellular telephone base (TMC), GSM 2G and the development of a LTE 4G signal reception system, all this through the use of software-defined radio and free software tools. The implementation of the base station generates and manages the wireless resource issued by it, in order to provide short text messaging services and voice call. On the other hand, the LTE 4G signal reception system was developed in the GNURadio software, which allows replicating a didactic and educational form of the whole process of generation and reception of basic mobile telecommunications services.","PeriodicalId":53892,"journal":{"name":"Revista Iteckne","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42102420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-19DOI: 10.15332/ITECKNE.V16I1.2160
Jeferson Eleazar Martínez-Lozano, Pedro Sandino Atencio-Ortiz
This article illustrates by means of a demonstration and taking advantage of the vulnerability “Open redirect”, how easy it can be to attack web servers through distributed attacks of denial of services. In it, the Cyber Kill Chain® model is used to carry out this attack in phases. In the development of the research, a systematic UFONet tool is applied and the results obtained are analyzed and it is recommended to protect the Internet application services of said attacks through web application firewalls (WAF) whose presence allows the DDoS traffic of the application layer (including the HTTP-GET flood) arrives effortlessly at the destination server.
{"title":"Creation of a DDOS attack using HTTP-GET Flood with the Cyber Kill Chain methodology","authors":"Jeferson Eleazar Martínez-Lozano, Pedro Sandino Atencio-Ortiz","doi":"10.15332/ITECKNE.V16I1.2160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15332/ITECKNE.V16I1.2160","url":null,"abstract":"This article illustrates by means of a demonstration and taking advantage of the vulnerability “Open redirect”, how easy it can be to attack web servers through distributed attacks of denial of services. In it, the Cyber Kill Chain® model is used to carry out this attack in phases. In the development of the research, a systematic UFONet tool is applied and the results obtained are analyzed and it is recommended to protect the Internet application services of said attacks through web application firewalls (WAF) whose presence allows the DDoS traffic of the application layer (including the HTTP-GET flood) arrives effortlessly at the destination server.","PeriodicalId":53892,"journal":{"name":"Revista Iteckne","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47198138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-19DOI: 10.15332/ITECKNE.V16I1.2157
Diana Lucía Moscoso-Vanegas, Lorena Marisol Monroy-Morocho, M. Narváez-Vera, Claudia Espinoza-Molina, Ana Lucía Astudillo-Alemán
The atmospheric pollutants cause adverse effects on plants, although the effect of PM10 on them is not known for sure, the present investigation aims to determine the phytotoxic effect of aqueous extracts of PM10 particulate material, coming from three sites of the urban area of the Cuenca- Ecuador canton, using the method described in the National regulations (Unified Text of Secondary Environmental Legislation of the Ministry of the Environment), on the growth of the root and hypocotyl of seeds of Lactuca sativa, Brassica oleracea italica, Raphanus sativus. For the characterization of the particulate material in heavy metals (cadmium, manganese, nickel and lead), the EPA 3005a atomic absorption spectroscopy method was used, then the aqueous extracts were obtained with ultra pure water by ultrasonication for 30 minutes, the seeds were exposed to four dilutions of the aqueous fraction of PM10 (100%, 10%, 1% and 0.1%) during a short exposure time, the data were analyzed in the IBM SPSS Statistics 22 and GraphPad Prism programs and through the Kruskal Wallis’s statistician. The results show that the phytotoxic effect of PM10 could be attributed to the species reported in the aqueous extract (Mn, Ni, Pb and Cd). It was also shown that the hypocotyl growth inhibition was superior to that of the root.
{"title":"Phyto-toxic effect of particular material PM10 collected in the urban area of the city of Cuenca, Ecuador","authors":"Diana Lucía Moscoso-Vanegas, Lorena Marisol Monroy-Morocho, M. Narváez-Vera, Claudia Espinoza-Molina, Ana Lucía Astudillo-Alemán","doi":"10.15332/ITECKNE.V16I1.2157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15332/ITECKNE.V16I1.2157","url":null,"abstract":"The atmospheric pollutants cause adverse effects on plants, although the effect of PM10 on them is not known for sure, the present investigation aims to determine the phytotoxic effect of aqueous extracts of PM10 particulate material, coming from three sites of the urban area of the Cuenca- Ecuador canton, using the method described in the National regulations (Unified Text of Secondary Environmental Legislation of the Ministry of the Environment), on the growth of the root and hypocotyl of seeds of Lactuca sativa, Brassica oleracea italica, Raphanus sativus. For the characterization of the particulate material in heavy metals (cadmium, manganese, nickel and lead), the EPA 3005a atomic absorption spectroscopy method was used, then the aqueous extracts were obtained with ultra pure water by ultrasonication for 30 minutes, the seeds were exposed to four dilutions of the aqueous fraction of PM10 (100%, 10%, 1% and 0.1%) during a short exposure time, the data were analyzed in the IBM SPSS Statistics 22 and GraphPad Prism programs and through the Kruskal Wallis’s statistician. The results show that the phytotoxic effect of PM10 could be attributed to the species reported in the aqueous extract (Mn, Ni, Pb and Cd). It was also shown that the hypocotyl growth inhibition was superior to that of the root.","PeriodicalId":53892,"journal":{"name":"Revista Iteckne","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46702224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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