Pub Date : 2021-05-04DOI: 10.1080/1475262X.2022.2088266
Joseph R. Farag
ABSTRACT How the land of Palestine is imagined goes to the heart of Palestinian identity, making the process a significant and fraught endeavor. However, while the centrality of land to the imagined geography of Palestine has long been acknowledged, less attention has been paid to Palestine’s sea. This paper therefore explores how the canonical Palestinian authors, Ghassan Kanafani and Jabra Ibrahim Jabra represent – or omit – the sea in their works. I argue that, as members of the Nakba generation, for these two authors the sea signifies a one-way passage into exile, thus casting Palestine’s shores and sea as abject spaces, severed from the imagined geography of homeland, producing what I term “terracentric” discourses of Palestinian homeland. The paper’s conclusion turns its attention to contemporary Palestinian cultural production to address the ways subsequent generations of Palestinians have begun to reconceptualize the relationship between the land and sea of Palestine.
{"title":"Beyond the land of Palestine: deserts, shores, seas","authors":"Joseph R. Farag","doi":"10.1080/1475262X.2022.2088266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1475262X.2022.2088266","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT How the land of Palestine is imagined goes to the heart of Palestinian identity, making the process a significant and fraught endeavor. However, while the centrality of land to the imagined geography of Palestine has long been acknowledged, less attention has been paid to Palestine’s sea. This paper therefore explores how the canonical Palestinian authors, Ghassan Kanafani and Jabra Ibrahim Jabra represent – or omit – the sea in their works. I argue that, as members of the Nakba generation, for these two authors the sea signifies a one-way passage into exile, thus casting Palestine’s shores and sea as abject spaces, severed from the imagined geography of homeland, producing what I term “terracentric” discourses of Palestinian homeland. The paper’s conclusion turns its attention to contemporary Palestinian cultural production to address the ways subsequent generations of Palestinians have begun to reconceptualize the relationship between the land and sea of Palestine.","PeriodicalId":53920,"journal":{"name":"Middle Eastern Literatures","volume":"40 1","pages":"93 - 110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91204290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-04DOI: 10.1080/1475262X.2022.2087470
Daniel Amir
ABSTRACT The Iranian-Jewish newspaper Ha-Hayyim represented a high point of Jewish engagement with the wider public sphere in the late Qajar period. Its modernizing agenda saw it and its editor Shemuel Hayyim become subjects of controversy as Jews debated their political future in Iran. This article examines four poems featured in Ha-Hayyim as a means of illuminating a period of Jewish literary creativity mostly neglected by scholarship. The paper explores the poems as literary and historical texts and outlines the writers’ employment of modern literary techniques, comparing them with contemporary Iranian writing in Persian and Hebrew. Jewish literary engagement with Persian literature represents an important linguistic and political self-assertion in a dynamic cultural environment. The article pursues the poems’ overlapping treatment of Zionism and constitutionalism, examining how the two ideologies informed each other, and argues for a literary optic to the well-documented antagonism between Hayyim and his political rivals.
{"title":"Poetry, satire, and self in the post-constitutional Iranian-Jewish periodical Ha-Hayyim","authors":"Daniel Amir","doi":"10.1080/1475262X.2022.2087470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1475262X.2022.2087470","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Iranian-Jewish newspaper Ha-Hayyim represented a high point of Jewish engagement with the wider public sphere in the late Qajar period. Its modernizing agenda saw it and its editor Shemuel Hayyim become subjects of controversy as Jews debated their political future in Iran. This article examines four poems featured in Ha-Hayyim as a means of illuminating a period of Jewish literary creativity mostly neglected by scholarship. The paper explores the poems as literary and historical texts and outlines the writers’ employment of modern literary techniques, comparing them with contemporary Iranian writing in Persian and Hebrew. Jewish literary engagement with Persian literature represents an important linguistic and political self-assertion in a dynamic cultural environment. The article pursues the poems’ overlapping treatment of Zionism and constitutionalism, examining how the two ideologies informed each other, and argues for a literary optic to the well-documented antagonism between Hayyim and his political rivals.","PeriodicalId":53920,"journal":{"name":"Middle Eastern Literatures","volume":"14 1","pages":"137 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81470580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-04DOI: 10.1080/1475262X.2022.2069379
Jonas Elbousty
ABSTRACT The social, economic, ecological, political, and religious hardships have forced many Syrian intellectuals to search for a safe haven. These struggles, both in their country of origin and host lands, have inspired many poets to explore topics documenting their trauma and loss. The majority of cultural production that has been produced since 2011 discusses themes, such as alienation, displacement, traumatic experience, liminality, and constructed subjectivities. Laila's poetry focuses on the refugee experience, but rather than looking back at the losses of a former home his work dwells on the losses of the present; the dehumanizing experiences and the vilification refugees face in Europe where they have sought safe haven. This essay, along with the poems, shows how Laila's poetry is restless, preoccupied with trauma, continuous longing for the past, and the unworkability of language.
{"title":"Syrian poetry in exile: the case of Wafai Laila","authors":"Jonas Elbousty","doi":"10.1080/1475262X.2022.2069379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1475262X.2022.2069379","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The social, economic, ecological, political, and religious hardships have forced many Syrian intellectuals to search for a safe haven. These struggles, both in their country of origin and host lands, have inspired many poets to explore topics documenting their trauma and loss. The majority of cultural production that has been produced since 2011 discusses themes, such as alienation, displacement, traumatic experience, liminality, and constructed subjectivities. Laila's poetry focuses on the refugee experience, but rather than looking back at the losses of a former home his work dwells on the losses of the present; the dehumanizing experiences and the vilification refugees face in Europe where they have sought safe haven. This essay, along with the poems, shows how Laila's poetry is restless, preoccupied with trauma, continuous longing for the past, and the unworkability of language.","PeriodicalId":53920,"journal":{"name":"Middle Eastern Literatures","volume":"31 1","pages":"154 - 160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81608493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1475262X.2021.1935704
R. Green
{"title":"Hydrofictions: water, power and politics in Israeli and Palestinian literature","authors":"R. Green","doi":"10.1080/1475262X.2021.1935704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1475262X.2021.1935704","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53920,"journal":{"name":"Middle Eastern Literatures","volume":"18 1","pages":"81 - 82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73352921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1475262X.2021.2031010
R. Móger
The poem below is a set of texts (the majority translations from Arabic) which directly or indirectly address what is sometimes referred to as the Qas īdah of al-Mutajarridah (The Unclothed or Stripped Bare, supposedly the name of the wife of the last of the Lakhmid kings, an-Nuʿmān Ibn Mundhir) and the 6th-century poet to whom it is attributed, anNābighah adh-Dhubyānī. It consists of an introductory section, the body of the qas īdah itself, and marginal notes; three strands conceived as a single composition—a constellation: something that can be readily identified at a distance, but whose structures and certainties are harder to hold on to the longer we watch and the closer we come. It is the second of this series of translations to be published. The first, a translation of a qas īdah by Dhū r-Rummah titled [No Malice In Their Violence], appeared in Issue 22 of Blackbox Manifold. Among the Book of Songs’ entries on Dhū r-Rummah is an account of his mother visiting the market and catching sight of her son sitting on the ground, reciting poetry to a crowd of onlookers. Appalled or ashamed at his appearance (“short and ugly, pinched and hunched”), she cries out to his audience: “Listen to his poetry! Do not look at his face!” I am interested in what it means to read a poem—or translate one—whose authenticity and/or context is difficult to gauge, yet which derives its meaning (for the majority of its contemporary readers) through its place in an author’s biography and the place of that biography in tradition. These texts that are accessed through scholarship or the doors opened by scholarly traditions: what does it mean to read them as “whole”, cohesive (even coherent) poems in the present moment? Can translation offer a space in which these gravities are suspended, or held at bay; where uncertainty and ambiguity can hold out against the desire for resolution, to start and prolong stories rather than long for their end? There are three interpretative frameworks at work in the piece. The first is the traditional framing that locates the poem at the heart of an incident in which an-Nābighah is expelled or flees from the Lakhmid court of an-Nuʿmān. The second is the necessarily speculative scholarship that proposes it as an ekphrastic response to a Greek statue. The third is the translator’s reading, which holds both these historicizing narratives in uneasy suspension alongside the conceit of the text’s own poetic qualities and purposes: a poem unified by the theme of orifices (wells and springs and mouths, wet and cool), the metatheme of cords and rope and composition (conjured from the lines most commonly quoted as proof of an-Nābighah’s skill, the entries of the Lisān al-ʿArab, and the obsession with the poet’s supposedly characteristic tendency to “commit” iqwā’), and yet more
{"title":"A Poem by an-Nābighah adh-Dhubyānī Translated by Robin Moger","authors":"R. Móger","doi":"10.1080/1475262X.2021.2031010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1475262X.2021.2031010","url":null,"abstract":"The poem below is a set of texts (the majority translations from Arabic) which directly or indirectly address what is sometimes referred to as the Qas īdah of al-Mutajarridah (The Unclothed or Stripped Bare, supposedly the name of the wife of the last of the Lakhmid kings, an-Nuʿmān Ibn Mundhir) and the 6th-century poet to whom it is attributed, anNābighah adh-Dhubyānī. It consists of an introductory section, the body of the qas īdah itself, and marginal notes; three strands conceived as a single composition—a constellation: something that can be readily identified at a distance, but whose structures and certainties are harder to hold on to the longer we watch and the closer we come. It is the second of this series of translations to be published. The first, a translation of a qas īdah by Dhū r-Rummah titled [No Malice In Their Violence], appeared in Issue 22 of Blackbox Manifold. Among the Book of Songs’ entries on Dhū r-Rummah is an account of his mother visiting the market and catching sight of her son sitting on the ground, reciting poetry to a crowd of onlookers. Appalled or ashamed at his appearance (“short and ugly, pinched and hunched”), she cries out to his audience: “Listen to his poetry! Do not look at his face!” I am interested in what it means to read a poem—or translate one—whose authenticity and/or context is difficult to gauge, yet which derives its meaning (for the majority of its contemporary readers) through its place in an author’s biography and the place of that biography in tradition. These texts that are accessed through scholarship or the doors opened by scholarly traditions: what does it mean to read them as “whole”, cohesive (even coherent) poems in the present moment? Can translation offer a space in which these gravities are suspended, or held at bay; where uncertainty and ambiguity can hold out against the desire for resolution, to start and prolong stories rather than long for their end? There are three interpretative frameworks at work in the piece. The first is the traditional framing that locates the poem at the heart of an incident in which an-Nābighah is expelled or flees from the Lakhmid court of an-Nuʿmān. The second is the necessarily speculative scholarship that proposes it as an ekphrastic response to a Greek statue. The third is the translator’s reading, which holds both these historicizing narratives in uneasy suspension alongside the conceit of the text’s own poetic qualities and purposes: a poem unified by the theme of orifices (wells and springs and mouths, wet and cool), the metatheme of cords and rope and composition (conjured from the lines most commonly quoted as proof of an-Nābighah’s skill, the entries of the Lisān al-ʿArab, and the obsession with the poet’s supposedly characteristic tendency to “commit” iqwā’), and yet more","PeriodicalId":53920,"journal":{"name":"Middle Eastern Literatures","volume":"23 1","pages":"60 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73712207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1475262X.2021.1963529
Qussay Al-Attabi
No poem had a stronger influence, real or perceived, on modernist Arabic poetry than did T.S. Eliot's Waste Land (1922). The poem has been retranslated a handful of times, and both the translations...
{"title":"English poetry and modern Arabic verse: translation and modernity","authors":"Qussay Al-Attabi","doi":"10.1080/1475262X.2021.1963529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1475262X.2021.1963529","url":null,"abstract":"No poem had a stronger influence, real or perceived, on modernist Arabic poetry than did T.S. Eliot's Waste Land (1922). The poem has been retranslated a handful of times, and both the translations...","PeriodicalId":53920,"journal":{"name":"Middle Eastern Literatures","volume":"1 1","pages":"87 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88870464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1475262X.2021.2029216
Anna Ziajka Stanton
ABSTRACT This article explores the impact of the International Prize for Arabic Fiction (IPAF) on the global circulation and reception of modern Arabic literature through a case study of the 2013 IPAF-winning novel Sāq al-bāmbū by Kuwaiti writer Saʿūd al-Sanʿūsī (b. 1981). It examines how three versions of Sāq al-bāmbū—the original Arabic novel, the English translation, and an abridged Arabic text designed for Anglophone students of Arabic—become readable in the global literary field through their overlapping iterations of an internationalism that is at once discursive and material. Taking Sāq al-bāmbū as exemplary of a type of Arabic prize novel that has emerged in an era of proliferating Arabic literary prizes, this article argues that the network of readers and reading practices that this text configures around itself on a global level poses a non-Eurocentric alternative to the world literary system as it has been theorized in the Western academy.
{"title":"Eyes on the prize: the global readability of an IPAF-winning modern Arabic novel","authors":"Anna Ziajka Stanton","doi":"10.1080/1475262X.2021.2029216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1475262X.2021.2029216","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article explores the impact of the International Prize for Arabic Fiction (IPAF) on the global circulation and reception of modern Arabic literature through a case study of the 2013 IPAF-winning novel Sāq al-bāmbū by Kuwaiti writer Saʿūd al-Sanʿūsī (b. 1981). It examines how three versions of Sāq al-bāmbū—the original Arabic novel, the English translation, and an abridged Arabic text designed for Anglophone students of Arabic—become readable in the global literary field through their overlapping iterations of an internationalism that is at once discursive and material. Taking Sāq al-bāmbū as exemplary of a type of Arabic prize novel that has emerged in an era of proliferating Arabic literary prizes, this article argues that the network of readers and reading practices that this text configures around itself on a global level poses a non-Eurocentric alternative to the world literary system as it has been theorized in the Western academy.","PeriodicalId":53920,"journal":{"name":"Middle Eastern Literatures","volume":"102 1","pages":"20 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74951434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1475262X.2021.2038411
Huda J. Fakhreddine, Charis Olszok, Nora Parr, Adam Talib
The journal’s primary mission is to develop and expand networks of communication within and across relevant fields by publishing research that identifies the literatures and cultures of the Middle East not just as subjects of study, but as locations of knowledge with relevance beyond any one academic discipline or field of thought. In order to accomplish that radical goal we need the energetic participation of a large number of critical and creative thinkers, reviewers, and readers who are committed to establishing connections across geographies and time periods, forging theoretical languages grounded in the region’s epistemologies, and fostering a comparative literature beyond the main reference point of Euroamerica. We, in turn, are making an effort to reach new readers and authors, provide a forum for collaborative projects and special issues, and diversify our pool of peer reviewers. Despite the new vigor and diversity that we collectively bring to the journal, we continue to struggle to make room for the work and participation of scholars working outside of Europe and North America, especially those working in state-funded—or rather un-funded—institutions. A key challenge of the next phase in our journal’s history will be to address this decolonial challenge directly and to be frank about our failings and the structural reasons for them. In this, our first issue, we hope to demonstrate what this kind of work can look like. We are proud to be publishing three excellent and incisive articles by scholars whose research not only challenges existing paradigms, but pushes past them to suggest alternative vistas of analysis, comparison, and understanding. Two articles, “Eyes on the Prize: The Global Readability of an IPAF-Winning Modern Arabic Novel” by Anna Ziajka Stanton and “Orphanhood and Allegoresis in Radwā ʿĀshūr’s Thulāthiyyat Gharnātah” by M. J. Ernst, formulate new ways to think about the circulation of texts, literary aesthetics, and, in the case of the latter, experiences of imperial violence. Stanton puts forward alternative paradigms for thinking through translation and the circulation of texts between “center” and “periphery”, terms that have defined thinking about world literature over the past two decades. Ernst takes to task Frederic Jameson’s vision of Third-World literature as national allegory in the shadow of globalization, reading Radwā ʿĀshūr’s 1990s Thulāthiyyat Gharnātah (Granada Trilogy) as a “late capitalist allegory of the global South”, in which stories nestle within other stories as characters struggle to understand their place within a world of overlapping and
{"title":"Co-editors’ introduction","authors":"Huda J. Fakhreddine, Charis Olszok, Nora Parr, Adam Talib","doi":"10.1080/1475262X.2021.2038411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1475262X.2021.2038411","url":null,"abstract":"The journal’s primary mission is to develop and expand networks of communication within and across relevant fields by publishing research that identifies the literatures and cultures of the Middle East not just as subjects of study, but as locations of knowledge with relevance beyond any one academic discipline or field of thought. In order to accomplish that radical goal we need the energetic participation of a large number of critical and creative thinkers, reviewers, and readers who are committed to establishing connections across geographies and time periods, forging theoretical languages grounded in the region’s epistemologies, and fostering a comparative literature beyond the main reference point of Euroamerica. We, in turn, are making an effort to reach new readers and authors, provide a forum for collaborative projects and special issues, and diversify our pool of peer reviewers. Despite the new vigor and diversity that we collectively bring to the journal, we continue to struggle to make room for the work and participation of scholars working outside of Europe and North America, especially those working in state-funded—or rather un-funded—institutions. A key challenge of the next phase in our journal’s history will be to address this decolonial challenge directly and to be frank about our failings and the structural reasons for them. In this, our first issue, we hope to demonstrate what this kind of work can look like. We are proud to be publishing three excellent and incisive articles by scholars whose research not only challenges existing paradigms, but pushes past them to suggest alternative vistas of analysis, comparison, and understanding. Two articles, “Eyes on the Prize: The Global Readability of an IPAF-Winning Modern Arabic Novel” by Anna Ziajka Stanton and “Orphanhood and Allegoresis in Radwā ʿĀshūr’s Thulāthiyyat Gharnātah” by M. J. Ernst, formulate new ways to think about the circulation of texts, literary aesthetics, and, in the case of the latter, experiences of imperial violence. Stanton puts forward alternative paradigms for thinking through translation and the circulation of texts between “center” and “periphery”, terms that have defined thinking about world literature over the past two decades. Ernst takes to task Frederic Jameson’s vision of Third-World literature as national allegory in the shadow of globalization, reading Radwā ʿĀshūr’s 1990s Thulāthiyyat Gharnātah (Granada Trilogy) as a “late capitalist allegory of the global South”, in which stories nestle within other stories as characters struggle to understand their place within a world of overlapping and","PeriodicalId":53920,"journal":{"name":"Middle Eastern Literatures","volume":"23 1","pages":"1 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86631908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1475262X.2021.1990593
Annie Webster
“second modernity” of the mid-twentieth century (10). That said, there is much to like in English Poetry and Modern Arabic Verse. Iskander’s evaluation of the different translations of the Waste Land is especially interesting. Unlike Luʾluʾa, Iskander seems less concerned with pointing out translation mistakes—though, where relevant, he does—and more interested in evaluating the different choices translators make and appreciating how these choices were either necessitated or made possible by the target text or, at times, by the translator’s politics. These engagements with translation criticism will be of particular interest to both translators as well as scholars of Arab modernism.
{"title":"Reading Iraqi Women’s Novels in English Translation / Return to Ruin: Iraqi Narratives of Exile and Nostalgia","authors":"Annie Webster","doi":"10.1080/1475262X.2021.1990593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1475262X.2021.1990593","url":null,"abstract":"“second modernity” of the mid-twentieth century (10). That said, there is much to like in English Poetry and Modern Arabic Verse. Iskander’s evaluation of the different translations of the Waste Land is especially interesting. Unlike Luʾluʾa, Iskander seems less concerned with pointing out translation mistakes—though, where relevant, he does—and more interested in evaluating the different choices translators make and appreciating how these choices were either necessitated or made possible by the target text or, at times, by the translator’s politics. These engagements with translation criticism will be of particular interest to both translators as well as scholars of Arab modernism.","PeriodicalId":53920,"journal":{"name":"Middle Eastern Literatures","volume":"96 1","pages":"88 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89153493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}