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What a neurologist must know of hereditary ATTRv amyloidosis 对于遗传性ATTRv淀粉样变,神经科医生应该知道多少啊
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2023-02-17 DOI: 10.24875/rmn.22000071
M. E. Briseño-Godínez, K. Cárdenas-Soto, Rosa X. Domínguez-Vega, A. González-Duarte
Transthyretin-related hereditary amyloidosis (ATTR) is a systemic disease result of an autosomal dominant mutation in the transthyretin (TTR) gene. This mutation will cause the deposition of misfolded TTR protein in several organs, leading to its dysfunction. The disease has been described worldwide, although it is still considered rare. It has a region-dependent genotype-phenotype correlation. Cardiomyopathy and a symmetric length-dependent sensory-motor and autonomic polyneurop-athy are the hallmark manifestations. However, in non-endemic areas, the diagnosis will challenge the neurologist because some systemic manifestations are usually attributed to more common disorders. Therefore, in the approach of a patient with polyneuropathy, the presence of family history, early autonomic dysfunction (cardiovascular, genitourinary, or gastrointestinal features), cardiac involvement, and inexplicable weight loss should be considered red flags that point toward ATTR. After diagnosis, the goal will always be to have a multidisciplinary approach, including a complete neurologic, autonomic, and cardiologic assessment, to establish a short-and long-term strategy for treatment, including symptomatic and disease-modifying medications that are now available. In that way, the increased awareness among specialists will positively impact the patient quality of life and survival by accomplishing an earlier diagnosis and treatment.
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引用次数: 0
Guía clínica. Fármacos antiepilépticos de elección para crisis focales y generalizadas en adultos 临床指南。成人局灶性和全身性癫痫发作的抗癫痫药物选择
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.24875/rmn.m19000055
Leopoldo Rivera-Castaño, H. Sentíes-Madrid, Jesús Berumen-Jaik, I. Martínez-Juárez
The mainstay of treatment in patients with epilepsy is the use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Currently, there are a significant number of AEDs in Mexico. For the pharmacological management of the patient with epilepsy, it is important to know the pharmacokinetics, dosage, mechanism of action, and formulations of the AEDs. 70-80% of patients with either focal or generalized seizures are completely seizure free on AED monotherapy. When, despite the use of AED in monotherapy, seizure freedom is not achieved, a second AED should be used; AEDs with different mechanisms of action are empirically combined el 100% de control; sin embargo, es importante considerar que de un 20 a un 30% no logra esta meta 3 .
治疗癫痫患者的主要方法是使用抗癫痫药物(AEDs)。目前,墨西哥有相当数量的aed。了解抗癫痫药的药代动力学、剂量、作用机制和处方对癫痫患者的药物管理非常重要。70-80%的局灶性或全面性癫痫患者在AED单药治疗下完全无癫痫发作。当在单药治疗中使用AED后,癫痫发作仍未得到缓解时,应使用第二台AED;不同作用机制的抗癫痫药经经验组合,达到100%脱毒;在禁运中,重要的是要考虑到联合国20年的规定,联合国30年的规定没有任何意义。
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引用次数: 0
Guía clínica. Diagnóstico y tratamiento de crisis febriles 临床指南。发烧危机的诊断和治疗
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.24875/rmn.m19000057
Carlos G. Aguirre-Velázquez, Alma M. Huerta Hurtado, H. Ceja-Moreno, Karina Salgado-Hernández, Roberto San Román-Tovar, Martha A. Ortiz-Villalpando, Avril Molina-García, Guadalupe Vargas-Ramírez, Jaime López-Rivera, Rosana Huerta-Albarrán
Febrile seizures (FeS) are the most common problem in pediatric neurological practice. They are convulsive episodes during the course of febrile illness in the absence of epilepsy, severe hydroelectrolytic imbalance or neuroinfection. Its diagnosis is clinical and classified as simple and complex. Febrile status epilepticus occurs in approximately 5% of cases. It is convenient to teach parents how to act in a seizure and clarify that a FeS is not epilepsy, it is a benign process that usually does not leave neurological sequelae, and in which mortality is zero. In this clinical guide, we indicate risk factors for recurrence, management instructions for the first FeS, as well as criteria for hospital admission and treatment for prolonged seizures.
热性惊厥(FeS)是儿科神经学实践中最常见的问题。它们是在没有癫痫、严重的水电解质失衡或神经感染的发热性疾病过程中的惊厥发作。它的诊断是临床的,分为简单和复杂。大约5%的病例发生发热性癫痫持续状态。教导家长在癫痫发作时如何采取行动,并澄清FeS不是癫痫,这是一种良性过程,通常不会留下神经系统后遗症,死亡率为零,这样做很方便。在本临床指南中,我们指出了复发的危险因素,第一次FeS的管理说明,以及住院标准和长期癫痫发作的治疗。
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引用次数: 0
Guía clínica. Definición y clasificación de la epilepsia 临床指南。癫痫的定义和分类
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.24875/rmn.m19000052
J. C. Reséndiz-Aparicio, J. Pérez-García, Efraín Olivas-Peña, Enrique García-Cuevas, Yuridia L. Roque-Villavicencio, Marisela Hernández-Hernández, J. I. Castro-Macías, J. D. Rayo-Mares
The current definition of epilepsy proposes three possibilities in which to consider this diagnosis, the first when a patient has two or more unprovoked or reflex seizures separated in 24 h, the second, an unprovoked or reflected seizure with a proba-bility of continuing to present seizures of at least 60%, and the third, the presence of an epileptic syndrome. The classification of the type of seizure divides them into three possibilities depending on how they begin: those of focal, generalized and unknown initiation. Focal seizures can be subclassified in those that have loss or not consciousness, and then categorized depending on whether the symptoms are motor or non-motor, and give a descriptor of the event, which is nothing else but the description of symptoms and signs that presents the patient in the seizure. The classification of the type of epilepsy proposes three diagnostic levels: the first related to the type of seizure, the second to the type of epilepsy and the third to the type of epileptic syndrome, without forgetting the etiology and comorbidity. These concepts are basic in the approach of any patient who presents epilepsy.
目前对癫痫的定义提出了三种可能性来考虑这种诊断,第一种是当患者在24小时内出现两次或两次以上的无端或反射性癫痫发作时,第二种是无端或反射型癫痫发作,持续发作的可能性至少为60%,第三种是癫痫综合征的存在。癫痫发作类型的分类根据其开始方式将其分为三种可能性:局灶性发作、全身性发作和未知发作。局灶性癫痫发作可以分为丧失意识或无意识的癫痫发作,然后根据症状是运动性还是非运动性进行分类,并给出事件的描述,这只是对癫痫发作中患者的症状和体征的描述。癫痫类型的分类提出了三个诊断级别:第一个与癫痫类型有关,第二个与癫痫型有关,第三个与癫痫综合征类型有关,但不忘病因和共病。这些概念是任何癫痫患者治疗方法的基础。
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引用次数: 0
Guías clínicas del Programa Prioritario de Epilepsia del Sector Salud, México 墨西哥卫生部门癫痫优先方案临床指南
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.24875/rmn.m19000051
J. C. Reséndiz-Aparicio
Correspondencia: *Juan Carlos Reséndiz-Aparicio E-mail: jc_doc@yahoo.com Disponible en internet: 09-08-2019 Rev Mex Neuroci. 2019;20(2):1-6 www.revmexneurociencia.com Fecha de recepción: 01-02-2019 Fecha de aceptación: 28-02-2019 DOI: 10.24875/RMN.M19000051 El Programa Prioritario de Epilepsia (PPE) del sector salud fue creado con base en el acuerdo publicado en el Diario Oficial de la Federación del 24 de octubre de 1984. Este programa ha trabajado de manera ininterrumpida para normar, coordinar, sistematizar y optimizar las estrategias a favor del paciente que padece epilepsia, sus familias y la sociedad. Actualmente cuenta con 78 centros de atención integral para la epilepsia en todo el país, ubicados en instituciones hospitalarias de todo el sector salud. La sede de la coordinación nacional se encuentra en el Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Dr. Manuel Velasco Suarez, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (INNN), en la Ciudad de México, desde donde se planean las acciones necesarias para esta labor. La coordinación nacional, desde la oficina del Instituto, está a cargo de su creador y fundador, el Dr. Francisco Rubio Donnadieu, y de un servidor. La realización de estas primeras Guías Clínicas (GC) ha sido un trabajo laborioso, pero que se ha podido concluir gracias al trabajo de todos los coordinadores del PPE, quienes son neurólogos y neurólogos pediatras certificados por el Consejo Mexicano de Neurología y trabajan en alguna institución del sector salud en nuestro país. Para la elaboración tuvimos dos reuniones presenciales, la primera en la ciudad de León y la segunda en la ciudad de Puebla, creando mesas de trabajo, una para cada GC, reuniones que logramos gracias al apoyo del gobierno federal y de aportaciones de laboratorios farmacéuticos que ayudan cada año en la capacitación de los médicos de primer contacto. Estas GC están diseñadas para ayudar al médico de primer contacto y al especialista a tomar decisiones adecuadas en el abordaje de pacientes que padecen epilepsia en diferentes grupos de
信件:*胡安·卡洛斯·雷森迪兹-阿帕里西奥电子邮件:jc_doc@yahoo.com可在互联网上查阅:2019年8月9日修订版MEX Neuro。2019年;20(2):1-6 www.revmexneuroscience.com接收日期:01-02-2019接收日期:28-02-2019 doi:1024875/mri.m1900051卫生部门的优先癫痫计划(PPE)是根据1984年10月24日发表在《联邦官方公报》上的协议设立的。该方案一直在不间断地努力规范、协调、系统化和优化有利于癫痫患者、其家人和社会的战略。目前,它在全国有78个癫痫综合护理中心,设在整个卫生部门的医院机构。国家协调中心设在墨西哥城国家神经科学和神经外科研究所曼努埃尔·贝拉斯科·苏亚雷斯博士,该研究所是墨西哥城国家神经科学和神经外科研究所,计划开展这项工作所需的行动。该研究所办公室的国家协调由其创作者兼创始人弗朗西斯科·卢比奥·唐纳迪厄博士和一名服务器负责。制作这些第一批临床指南是一项艰苦的工作,但由于所有PPE协调员的工作,这项工作得以完成,他们是经墨西哥神经病学委员会认证的神经学家和儿科神经学家,在我国卫生部门的一些机构工作。为了准备,我们举行了两次面对面的会议,第一次在莱昂市,第二次在普埃布拉市,为每个GC设立了一个工作台,我们在联邦政府的支持下举行了会议,并得到了制药实验室的投入,这些实验室每年都在帮助培训第一接触医生。这些GC旨在帮助第一接触医生和专家在治疗不同类型的癫痫患者时做出适当的决定
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引用次数: 1
Guía clínica. Epilepsia en la mujer embarazada y en edad fértil 临床指南。孕妇和育龄妇女的癫痫
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.24875/rmn.m19000048
P. O. González-Vargas, Yamil Matuk-Pérez, José L. Sosa Hernández, Gerardo Quiñones-Canales, Sandra E. Silva-Sánchez, Gerónimo Aguayo-Leytte, Sergio Medina-Benitez, J. Ibarra-Puig, María del C. Loy-Gerala, E. Castro-Martínez
Women of childbearing age and pregnant women have physiological modifications that make think in a particular way about epilepsy and the management of antiepileptic drugs in them. These guidelines address both the effects of epilepsy in the gynecological and the obstetric aspects of the woman, with a series of recommendations based on evidence-based medicine.
育龄妇女和孕妇的生理变化使他们对癫痫和抗癫痫药物的管理产生了特殊的思考。这些指南涉及癫痫对女性妇科和产科的影响,并基于循证医学提出了一系列建议。
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引用次数: 0
Guía clínica. Fármacos antiepilépticos de elección para síndromes epilépticos y epilepsias en pacientes en edad pediátrica 临床指南。儿科患者癫痫综合征和癫痫患者抗癫痫药物的选择
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.24875/rmn.m19000056
J. C. Reséndiz-Aparicio, Jesús M. Padilla-Huicab, I. Martínez-Juárez, Gustavo Hernández-Martínez, Eunice López-Correa, Benjamín Vázquez-Juárez, Rosana Huerta-Albarrán, Claudia Rivera-Acuña
Approximately 65% of children with newly diagnosed epilepsy achieve sustained control of their epileptic seizures with the antiepileptic drug (AED) initially prescribed, and 15-20% require the combination of other AEDs. To begin treatment with an AED, basic aspects should be considered, such as the capacity for absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of the drug. Treatment with an AED in pediatric patients, as for any age, must be personalized, but in these cases, the biological age and its degree of development are fundamental. Furthermore, the type of seizure, type of epileptic syndrome, comorbidity,
大约65%的新诊断癫痫患儿通过最初处方的抗癫痫药物(AED)实现癫痫发作的持续控制,15-20%需要联合使用其他抗癫痫药物。开始使用AED治疗时,应考虑基本方面,如药物的吸收、分布、代谢和消除能力。与任何年龄的儿童患者一样,使用AED治疗必须个性化,但在这些情况下,生物学年龄及其发展程度是最基本的。此外,癫痫发作的类型,癫痫综合征的类型,合并症,
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引用次数: 0
Guía clínica. Manejo de crisis epilépticas en el Servicio de Urgencias 临床指南。急诊科癫痫危机的管理
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.24875/rmn.m19000053
José Visoso-Franco, L. Romero-Ocampo, J. Santos-Zambrano, A. Serrano-González, E. Castro-Martínez
mediante la correcta anamnesis, exploración física y los estudios precisos de laboratorio las y evitando así Palabras clave: epilépticas. Epilepsia. Tratamiento en servicio de urgencias. Abstract This clinical guideline on epilepsy contains levels of evidence and recommendations based on the scientific method. Its primary function is to provide emergency medicine physicians a clear diagnostic approach when they faced a pediatric or adult patient with epileptic seizures (ES) or epilepsy. The objective is to unify criteria; this will ensure integral health care, based on adequate decision-making, benefiting the patient through the individualized analysis of a correct anamnesis, phy-sical examination, precise indication of laboratory, and image diagnostic tests that will allow the pertinent clinical and pharmacological treatment for opportune interventions, avoiding complications, and whenever possible, the recurrence of the ES.
纠正记忆、探索和实验室精确研究的媒介,如Palabras clave:epilépticas。癫痫。为紧急服务。摘要本癫痫临床指南包含了基于科学方法的证据和建议。它的主要功能是为急诊医生在面对患有癫痫发作(ES)或癫痫的儿童或成人患者时提供明确的诊断方法。目标是统一标准;这将确保在充分决策的基础上提供完整的医疗保健,通过对正确记忆的个性化分析、物理检查、实验室的精确指征和图像诊断测试使患者受益,这些测试将允许进行适当干预的相关临床和药物治疗,避免并发症,ES复发。
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引用次数: 0
Guía clínica. Suspensión del tratamiento crónico con antiepilépticos 临床指南。暂停抗癫痫药物的慢性治疗
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.24875/rmn.m19000058
María del C. Loy-Gerala, Octavio M. Ibarra-Bravo, María del R. Márquez-Estudillo, F. Mena-Barranco, Francisco J. Rogel-Ortiz, Sandra E. Silva-Sánchez, Hilda Villegas-Peña, Avril Molina-García
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引用次数: 0
Guía clínica. Manejo de la primera crisis epiléptica no provocada en adultos y niños 临床指南。成人和儿童首次无端癫痫发作的处理
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.24875/rmn.m19000054
José A. Gien-López, Raymundo A. Cuevas-Escalante, Enrique García-Cuevas, María del R. Márquez-Estudillo, Blanca E. Villaseñor-Anguiano, Raúl Leal-Cantú, R. E. Jiménez-Arredondo
Unprovoked seizures represent a challenge in the neurology office consult. Proper identification of the first unprovoked seizure must be the first step of the adequate treatment and for this there are different diagnostic tools that help in the establi-shment of percentage risk of a second seizure or the presence of epilepsy, as well as recurrence factors for a first time unprovoked seizure. Likewise, indication for pharmacological treatment for the first unprovoked seizure is described and we move forward to the reference to the next level of medical attention. One important component of the management after the first unprovoked crisis are the nonmedical recommendations to the patient and family after the first unprovoked seizure. This Mexican Guideline was elaborated accounting the resources available of our hospitals and the diagnostic tools in both public and private hospitals.
未经预测的癫痫发作在神经科办公室咨询中是一个挑战。正确识别第一次无端癫痫发作必须是充分治疗的第一步,为此,有不同的诊断工具有助于确定第二次癫痫发作或癫痫存在的风险百分比,以及第一次无端发作的复发因素。同样,描述了第一次无端癫痫发作的药物治疗适应症,我们将参考下一级的医疗护理。第一次无端发作后管理的一个重要组成部分是在第一次无端癫痫发作后向患者和家人提出非医学建议。本墨西哥指南详细说明了我们医院的可用资源以及公立和私立医院的诊断工具。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Revista Mexicana de Neurociencia
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