Pub Date : 2022-09-29DOI: 10.1080/0078172X.2022.2112004
Sam Edwards
This article examines the previously neglected history of Lancaster's Crimean War monument, dedicated in November 1860. It connects the monument to two key features of the town's mid-century history: Tory paternalism and a resurgent popular patriotism linked to the contemporary 'Volunteer Movement’. It also establishes the broader significance of the structure, especially in terms of British approaches to war commemoration. In particular, it argues that a key feature of the monument—it carries the names of nineteen of the town's servicemen, all rank and file—complicates the generally accepted chronology of when interest in commemorating the 'common soldier' first emerged in Britain. In this sense, Lancaster's Crimean War monument is one of several mid- and late-Victorian monuments, as the Boer War took place in the later Victorian period, that anticipated the defining quality of war remembrance in the post-1918 period, what Thomas Laqueur has called 'necronominalism' (that is, the naming of the dead, regardless of class or status). The monument is thus indicative of Lancaster's mid-century social politics and it also nuances, usefully, key details regarding the history of British war commemoration.
{"title":"‘TO IMPERISHABLE MEMORY’: LANCASTER’S CRIMEAN WAR MONUMENT, c.1855–1862","authors":"Sam Edwards","doi":"10.1080/0078172X.2022.2112004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0078172X.2022.2112004","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the previously neglected history of Lancaster's Crimean War monument, dedicated in November 1860. It connects the monument to two key features of the town's mid-century history: Tory paternalism and a resurgent popular patriotism linked to the contemporary 'Volunteer Movement’. It also establishes the broader significance of the structure, especially in terms of British approaches to war commemoration. In particular, it argues that a key feature of the monument—it carries the names of nineteen of the town's servicemen, all rank and file—complicates the generally accepted chronology of when interest in commemorating the 'common soldier' first emerged in Britain. In this sense, Lancaster's Crimean War monument is one of several mid- and late-Victorian monuments, as the Boer War took place in the later Victorian period, that anticipated the defining quality of war remembrance in the post-1918 period, what Thomas Laqueur has called 'necronominalism' (that is, the naming of the dead, regardless of class or status). The monument is thus indicative of Lancaster's mid-century social politics and it also nuances, usefully, key details regarding the history of British war commemoration.","PeriodicalId":53945,"journal":{"name":"Northern History","volume":"59 1","pages":"239 - 260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49262595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-22DOI: 10.1080/0078172X.2022.2116743
Richard Pears
Margaret Farrington was a single woman declared to be a lunatic in 1765 and moved with legal authority from a fashionable London residence to lodgings in her home town, Newcastle upon Tyne. Analysis of her possessions in an inventory and biographical details recovered by subsequent research suggest a life immersed in the sociability of the metropolis before her illness. Her subsequent care by her relatives is documented; this may have been a more typical form of care than institutional provision for people with mental illness, although the latter has received much more attention in previous literature.
玛格丽特·法林顿（Margaret Farrington）是一名单身女性，1765年被宣布为疯子，并在法律授权下从伦敦一处时尚的住所搬到了她的家乡泰恩河畔纽卡斯尔（Newcastle on Tyne）。对她财产清单的分析和随后的研究发现的传记细节表明，在她生病之前，她的生活沉浸在大都市的社交环境中。她的亲属随后对她的照顾有记录；这可能是一种比为精神疾病患者提供机构护理更典型的护理形式，尽管后者在以前的文献中受到了更多的关注。
{"title":"Margaret Farrington: Sociability and Sanity in Georgian England","authors":"Richard Pears","doi":"10.1080/0078172X.2022.2116743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0078172X.2022.2116743","url":null,"abstract":"Margaret Farrington was a single woman declared to be a lunatic in 1765 and moved with legal authority from a fashionable London residence to lodgings in her home town, Newcastle upon Tyne. Analysis of her possessions in an inventory and biographical details recovered by subsequent research suggest a life immersed in the sociability of the metropolis before her illness. Her subsequent care by her relatives is documented; this may have been a more typical form of care than institutional provision for people with mental illness, although the latter has received much more attention in previous literature.","PeriodicalId":53945,"journal":{"name":"Northern History","volume":"59 1","pages":"194 - 215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45522334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-23DOI: 10.1080/0078172x.2022.2112005
Richard A. Goddard
{"title":"THE LATIN PROJECT, Before the Merchant Adventurers: Building the Hall. Account Book of the Fraternity of Jesus and Mary, York, 1357–69","authors":"Richard A. Goddard","doi":"10.1080/0078172x.2022.2112005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0078172x.2022.2112005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53945,"journal":{"name":"Northern History","volume":"59 1","pages":"304 - 306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46242387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-19DOI: 10.1080/0078172x.2022.2103064
Laura Flannigan
{"title":"JONATHAN MCGOVERN, The Tudor Sheriff: A Study in Early Modern Administration","authors":"Laura Flannigan","doi":"10.1080/0078172x.2022.2103064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0078172x.2022.2103064","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53945,"journal":{"name":"Northern History","volume":"59 1","pages":"311 - 313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47424977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-26DOI: 10.1080/0078172x.2022.2103065
K. Thompson
work. Acca of Hexham who commissioned some of Bede’s theological works is seen as a major influence, particularly on matters to do with Bishop Wilfrid. Acca’s removal from office in 731 meant that some aspects had to be suppressed and he is not acknowledged in the Preface. King Ceolwulf is seen as a more commanding influence than has often been the case. Ceolwulf retired to the monastery of Lindisfarne in 737, and it is suggested that the emphases on the need for church reform and on the achievements of Bishop Aidan and of other Irish missionaries from the monastery reflect the king’s influence. A marked change in approach can certainly be seen from the chronicle that Bede appended to De Temporum Ratione (probably completed in 725) in which no reference is made to Aidan or any of his associates. But the emphasis on the patrons produces a Bede who is something of a cipher, merely writing what he has been told to do, which does not seem to fit comfortably with his confidence as a theological commentator in the tradition of the Fathers of the Church. The praise of Aidan seems too heartfelt not to be Bede’s own, and as he had his own links with Lindisfarne, Bede presumably had his own impressions to draw upon. But Shaw admits that he has only been able to concentrate on some facets, and that a wider study of all Bede’s sources of information is needed to put the work fully in context. Shaw devotes more space to When and Why than to How. He produces a calculation table and suggests Bede prepared something similar to date events by a variety of means and to get them in order. The table consists in modern print of 18 double pages each with 16 columns. This is relatively straightforward to set out with a modern computer, but how would Bede have managed it with parchment and waxed tablets? We are still far from knowing all that is to be known about the construction of the Ecclesiastical History, but Shaw throws up many questions that need to be asked even if certain answers may be hard to come by. He has read very widely and thoroughly, and his book provides an excellent overview of the current state of play in the study of Bede’s most famous work. Prospective readers may, however, want to wait for the appearance of a paperback edition, as the hardback is an eyewatering £120 for 300 pages (though an ebook is also available).
{"title":"RICHARD SHARPE (Ed.), with contributions by JANET BURTON, MICHAEL GULLICK and NICHOLAS KARN, Foundation Documents from St Mary’s Abbey, York: 1085–1137, Surtees Society Publications, Vol. CCXXVII","authors":"K. Thompson","doi":"10.1080/0078172x.2022.2103065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0078172x.2022.2103065","url":null,"abstract":"work. Acca of Hexham who commissioned some of Bede’s theological works is seen as a major influence, particularly on matters to do with Bishop Wilfrid. Acca’s removal from office in 731 meant that some aspects had to be suppressed and he is not acknowledged in the Preface. King Ceolwulf is seen as a more commanding influence than has often been the case. Ceolwulf retired to the monastery of Lindisfarne in 737, and it is suggested that the emphases on the need for church reform and on the achievements of Bishop Aidan and of other Irish missionaries from the monastery reflect the king’s influence. A marked change in approach can certainly be seen from the chronicle that Bede appended to De Temporum Ratione (probably completed in 725) in which no reference is made to Aidan or any of his associates. But the emphasis on the patrons produces a Bede who is something of a cipher, merely writing what he has been told to do, which does not seem to fit comfortably with his confidence as a theological commentator in the tradition of the Fathers of the Church. The praise of Aidan seems too heartfelt not to be Bede’s own, and as he had his own links with Lindisfarne, Bede presumably had his own impressions to draw upon. But Shaw admits that he has only been able to concentrate on some facets, and that a wider study of all Bede’s sources of information is needed to put the work fully in context. Shaw devotes more space to When and Why than to How. He produces a calculation table and suggests Bede prepared something similar to date events by a variety of means and to get them in order. The table consists in modern print of 18 double pages each with 16 columns. This is relatively straightforward to set out with a modern computer, but how would Bede have managed it with parchment and waxed tablets? We are still far from knowing all that is to be known about the construction of the Ecclesiastical History, but Shaw throws up many questions that need to be asked even if certain answers may be hard to come by. He has read very widely and thoroughly, and his book provides an excellent overview of the current state of play in the study of Bede’s most famous work. Prospective readers may, however, want to wait for the appearance of a paperback edition, as the hardback is an eyewatering £120 for 300 pages (though an ebook is also available).","PeriodicalId":53945,"journal":{"name":"Northern History","volume":"59 1","pages":"300 - 302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41616713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-26DOI: 10.1080/0078172X.2022.2099783
Ian Shiels
importance of the mode in Elizabeth Gaskell’s social fiction and in the protracted local debates over educational reform. He concludes by arguing that, despite challenges from the expansion of the state’s statistical efforts and new modes such as the ‘settlement’ movement, the visiting mode retained its importance as a source of knowledge about social conditions throughout the Victorian period and beyond. By this reading, the spatially situated work of Charles Booth was not some atavistic throwback, but ‘the culmination of a long-established set of practices’ (92). Making Social Knowledge in the Victorian City is a fascinating and invaluable corrective to Joyce’s instrumentalism. Throughout, Hewitt emphasises the importance of lines of sight and visual impressions: hence the role of housing conditions as synecdoche for social situation. This raises a question about the status of olfactory impressions: central to debates over sanitary reform, particularly during the reign of the miasmatic theory of disease, and which remain important indicators of household functionality for modern-day social workers. It is also a curious fact, unremarked by Hewitt, that one place where statistics did have an important role for district visiting, tract distributing and other philanthropic societies, was in their own annual reports. Here committees used an ingenious variety of metrics – houses visited, blankets or tracts distributed, even potential souls saved – to demonstrate value for money to subscribers keen to see a return on their investment. This is a useful reminder that the visiting mode was an expression of the values and logic of industrial capitalism.
{"title":"SIMON YOUNG, The Boggart: Folklore, History, Place-Names and Dialect","authors":"Ian Shiels","doi":"10.1080/0078172X.2022.2099783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0078172X.2022.2099783","url":null,"abstract":"importance of the mode in Elizabeth Gaskell’s social fiction and in the protracted local debates over educational reform. He concludes by arguing that, despite challenges from the expansion of the state’s statistical efforts and new modes such as the ‘settlement’ movement, the visiting mode retained its importance as a source of knowledge about social conditions throughout the Victorian period and beyond. By this reading, the spatially situated work of Charles Booth was not some atavistic throwback, but ‘the culmination of a long-established set of practices’ (92). Making Social Knowledge in the Victorian City is a fascinating and invaluable corrective to Joyce’s instrumentalism. Throughout, Hewitt emphasises the importance of lines of sight and visual impressions: hence the role of housing conditions as synecdoche for social situation. This raises a question about the status of olfactory impressions: central to debates over sanitary reform, particularly during the reign of the miasmatic theory of disease, and which remain important indicators of household functionality for modern-day social workers. It is also a curious fact, unremarked by Hewitt, that one place where statistics did have an important role for district visiting, tract distributing and other philanthropic societies, was in their own annual reports. Here committees used an ingenious variety of metrics – houses visited, blankets or tracts distributed, even potential souls saved – to demonstrate value for money to subscribers keen to see a return on their investment. This is a useful reminder that the visiting mode was an expression of the values and logic of industrial capitalism.","PeriodicalId":53945,"journal":{"name":"Northern History","volume":"59 1","pages":"324 - 325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49308470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-23DOI: 10.1080/0078172X.2022.2099782
Ross J. Wilson
{"title":"GUY HINTON, War Commemoration and Civic Culture in the North East of England, 1854–1914","authors":"Ross J. Wilson","doi":"10.1080/0078172X.2022.2099782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0078172X.2022.2099782","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53945,"journal":{"name":"Northern History","volume":"59 1","pages":"326 - 327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48416854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-23DOI: 10.1080/0078172x.2022.2099781
B. Yorke
{"title":"RICHARD SHAW, How, When and Why Did Bede Write His Ecclesiastical History?","authors":"B. Yorke","doi":"10.1080/0078172x.2022.2099781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0078172x.2022.2099781","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53945,"journal":{"name":"Northern History","volume":"59 1","pages":"299 - 300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48606345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-19DOI: 10.1080/0078172X.2022.2088437
P. Cavill
The article considers the question whether the spellings of the name Brunanburh and Brunnanburh in texts relating to King Athelstan’s battle of 937 indicate the existence of two different places with very similar names, as proposed by Michael Wood. It argues that the claims made for two places are based on mistaken assumptions about the manuscripts and their sources, and that the difference is best explained as orthographic variation. An alternative is offered that the first element of Brunnanburh may be a hypocorism. Theories that might have prompted the ‘two places’ hypothesis are examined and it is demonstrated that Alistair Campbell, editor of the Old English poem The Battle of Brunanburh, conflated grammatically different name types and omitted crucial lexical and manuscript evidence from his consideration of the question. The manuscript and name evidence is presented and clarified. Uncritical adoption of Campbell’s linguistic arguments to support Burghwallis as the site of the battle is analysed and shown to be mistaken. The assumption that the Scandinavian element brunnr is present in the name Brunnaburh and referred to Burghwallis and its spring is undermined. The overall conclusion is that the spellings of Brun(n)anburh are best regarded as variants.
{"title":"Spellings of Brunanburh Revisited","authors":"P. Cavill","doi":"10.1080/0078172X.2022.2088437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0078172X.2022.2088437","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the question whether the spellings of the name Brunanburh and Brunnanburh in texts relating to King Athelstan’s battle of 937 indicate the existence of two different places with very similar names, as proposed by Michael Wood. It argues that the claims made for two places are based on mistaken assumptions about the manuscripts and their sources, and that the difference is best explained as orthographic variation. An alternative is offered that the first element of Brunnanburh may be a hypocorism. Theories that might have prompted the ‘two places’ hypothesis are examined and it is demonstrated that Alistair Campbell, editor of the Old English poem The Battle of Brunanburh, conflated grammatically different name types and omitted crucial lexical and manuscript evidence from his consideration of the question. The manuscript and name evidence is presented and clarified. Uncritical adoption of Campbell’s linguistic arguments to support Burghwallis as the site of the battle is analysed and shown to be mistaken. The assumption that the Scandinavian element brunnr is present in the name Brunnaburh and referred to Burghwallis and its spring is undermined. The overall conclusion is that the spellings of Brun(n)anburh are best regarded as variants.","PeriodicalId":53945,"journal":{"name":"Northern History","volume":"59 1","pages":"162 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42255200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-15DOI: 10.1080/0078172x.2022.2095687
W. Whyte
{"title":"ADRIAN ALLAN, Greenbank House and the University of Liverpool: A History","authors":"W. Whyte","doi":"10.1080/0078172x.2022.2095687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0078172x.2022.2095687","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53945,"journal":{"name":"Northern History","volume":"59 1","pages":"319 - 321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48541655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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