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Is ESG Disclosure a Means to Respond to Catastrophic Events? A Case Study Analysis ESG披露是应对灾难性事件的一种手段吗?案例分析
IF 0.7 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2020-10-20 DOI: 10.5539/ijbm.v15n11p53
Arcangelo Marrone, L. Oliva
According to the legitimacy theory, disclosure can be considered as a tool for responding to the changing perceptions of a company's stakeholders. Based on this theory, this study, through a case study, examines the reaction of companies in terms of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure to catastrophic events that have a negative effect on the corporate image. Specifically, this study examines the integrated reports provided by Atlantia in the two years preceding the collapse of the Morandi bridge and in the year of the catastrophic event. The results, however, do not demonstrate significant changes to the ESG disclosure by Atlantia following the catastrophic event. The changes made can in fact be considered as a normal evolution of disclosure policies and not as an attempt to repair the lost legitimacy.
根据合法性理论,信息披露可以被认为是应对公司利益相关者观念变化的一种工具。基于这一理论,本研究通过案例研究,考察了企业在环境、社会和治理(ESG)披露方面对对企业形象产生负面影响的灾难性事件的反应。具体而言,本研究审查了亚特兰蒂斯在莫兰迪大桥倒塌前两年和灾难性事件发生那年提供的综合报告。然而,研究结果并未表明,在灾难性事件发生后,亚特兰大航空公司在ESG披露方面发生了重大变化。事实上,这些变化可以被视为披露政策的正常演变,而不是试图修复失去的合法性。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Risk Culture in Enterprise Risk Management Implementation 风险文化在企业风险管理实施中的作用
IF 0.7 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2020-10-20 DOI: 10.5539/ijbm.v15n11p13
M. Kanu
Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) and risk culture academics and practitioners have argued that they are inherently related without empirical evidence. They continue to advocate for their implementation by firms to face the dynamic business environment with certainty. The lack of empirical evidence to underpin this relationship partly contributes to their fragmented implementation and the lack of proper attention to risk culture in ERM implementation. The challenge in measuring these two abstract concepts contributes to their dichotomous measures in the literature, with most studies concentrated in the developed economies. The study objective is to provide a comprehensive measurement of the two constructs and empirically determine their relationship in the less-researched context of Africa. The study results empirically confirm risk culture and ERM to have a significant positive relationship. A firm's size and financial leverage were found to be significant determinants for ERM implementation, whereas capital opacity, financial slack, and board composition are not. Organizational leaders are advised by the study not to treat risk culture and ERM as substitutes but as complements. A sound risk culture provides a solid base for ERM implementation. Risk culture should be managed and developed in full alignment with the risk appetite and the ERM framework to improve organizational performance. These shall enable the promotion of a risk-aware culture and ingraining risk-related measures into performance management that help drive the organization forward. The constructs measures presented in the study can be used by academics and risk practitioners to determine the level of risk culture and ERM implementation in organizations.
企业风险管理(ERM)和风险文化学者和实践者认为,它们之间存在内在联系,但缺乏经验证据。他们继续倡导企业实施这些战略,以面对充满活力的商业环境。缺乏支持这种关系的经验证据,在一定程度上导致了它们的实施支离破碎,以及在实施ERM时缺乏对风险文化的适当关注。测量这两个抽象概念的挑战导致了文献中对它们的二分法的测量,大多数研究集中在发达经济体。研究的目的是提供一个全面的测量两个结构和经验确定他们的关系在非洲研究较少的背景下。研究结果实证证实了风险文化与ERM之间存在显著的正相关关系。公司的规模和财务杠杆被发现是ERM实施的重要决定因素,而资本不透明、财务松弛和董事会构成则不是。该研究建议组织领导者不要将风险文化和ERM视为替代品,而是互补。健全的风险文化为ERM的实施提供了坚实的基础。风险文化的管理和发展应与风险偏好和ERM框架完全一致,以提高组织绩效。这些应有助于促进风险意识文化,并将与风险相关的措施深入到绩效管理中,帮助推动组织向前发展。研究中提出的构建措施可以被学者和风险从业者用来确定组织中风险文化和ERM实施的水平。
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引用次数: 3
Performance Appraisal of Technological Innovation in Military-Civilian Enterprises—Empirical Evidence from Jiangsu Military-Civilian Integration Enterprises 军民企业技术创新绩效评价——来自江苏军民融合企业的经验证据
IF 0.7 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2020-10-20 DOI: 10.5539/ijbm.v15n11p79
L. Xiao, Z. X. Xun
The development of military-civilian dual-use high-tech and joint technological innovation is important for military-civilian integration enterprises to develop in-depth military-civilian integration. Taking 10 military-civilian listed enterprises in Jiangsu Province as the research objects, and using DEA-BBC model and DEA-Malmquist index method, this paper constructs an evaluation system for technological innovation performance of enterprises, evaluates and studies the innovation performance from 2016 to 2019. The research shows that the technological innovation performance of enterprises is generally low. The main reasons of this situation are backward technology, low resource utilization, and the uneven management capabilities of enterprises. In addition, this paper provides some suggestions for improving the technological innovation performance of military-civilian enterprises.
军民两用高技术发展和联合技术创新是军民融合企业深入发展军民融合的重要内容。本文以江苏省10家军民上市企业为研究对象,运用DEA-BBC模型和DEA-Malmquist指数法,构建企业技术创新绩效评价体系,对2016 - 2019年企业技术创新绩效进行评价研究。研究表明,企业技术创新绩效普遍偏低。造成这种情况的主要原因是技术落后,资源利用率低,企业管理能力参差不齐。此外,本文还提出了提高军民企业技术创新绩效的建议。
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引用次数: 1
Integrating Diffusion of Innovations and Theory of Planned Behavior to Predict Intention to Adopt Electric Vehicles 整合创新扩散与计划行为理论预测电动汽车使用意向
IF 0.7 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2020-10-20 DOI: 10.5539/ijbm.v15n11p88
Sun-Jung Moon
Electric vehicles (EVs) are recognized as effective solutions to the global air pollution problem, attracting much attention from businesses, governments, and consumers. Despite the heightened interest, EV penetration rates remain low. This study thus focuses on consumers’ evaluation of EV innovation to provide implications for promoting EV adoption by proposing a theoretical model that integrates the diffusion of innovations theory and the theory of planned behavior to examine the relationship between consumers’ perceived innovation characteristics and the adoption of EVs; the study findings indicate that the evaluation of consumers’ EV innovation has a significant impact on consumers’ attitudes toward and intention for EV adoption. Several important innovation characteristics promote practical implications for spreading EV acceptance.
电动汽车(ev)被认为是解决全球空气污染问题的有效方法,受到企业、政府和消费者的关注。尽管人们对电动汽车的兴趣高涨,但电动汽车的普及率仍然很低。因此,本研究以消费者对电动汽车创新的评价为研究对象,提出了一个整合创新扩散理论和计划行为理论的理论模型,考察消费者感知创新特征与电动汽车采用的关系,为促进电动汽车采用提供理论启示;研究结果表明,消费者对电动汽车创新的评价对消费者的电动汽车采用态度和意向有显著影响。几个重要的创新特征促进了电动汽车普及的实际意义。
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引用次数: 4
Information Sharing Behaviour of Complex and Extended Organisations 复杂和扩展组织的信息共享行为
IF 0.7 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2020-10-20 DOI: 10.5539/ijbm.v15n11p41
Bata P. P., N. A., Allen D.
The information sharing behaviours observed in extended organisations involve the use of dedicated specialised teams and groups. This study presents theoretical evidence, drawing on Activity Theory as an analytical lens, linking specialised teams in such complex and extended organisations to conditions which may lead to information sharing failures. These failures are apparent through tensions and contradictions examined in the activity system which helped in identifying failures in the formal systems and emergent behaviours to (or “intending to”) resolve them. Results from this study show that information sharing behaviours in an extended organisation are driven in part at least by the team’s need and ability to share information with members of the team (formed to) dealing with an information sharing failure resulting in an organisational problem and aimed at achieving a common shared goal in the relationship. There is an established link showing that information sharing in the setting supports and enhances the exchange of ideas and information between partners due to the complementing needs of services thus helping in reducing extension problems and, thereby, providing a coping strategy for the central organisation. Amongst the importance of information sharing in the setting is the ability to forecast uncertainties as a result of better understanding of each partner’s capabilities and strength. Complexity was observed to be a factor that triggers information sharing failure in extended relationships and dependencies. This occurs when there is no congruence between information deliveries amongst all the collaborating partners.
在扩展组织中观察到的信息共享行为涉及使用专门的专业团队和小组。这项研究提出了理论证据,利用活动理论作为分析视角,将如此复杂和扩展的组织中的专业团队与可能导致信息共享失败的条件联系起来。这些失败是通过活动系统中的紧张和矛盾表现出来的,这有助于识别正式系统中的失败,以及解决它们的紧急行为(或“打算”)。本研究的结果表明,扩展组织中的信息共享行为至少在一定程度上是由团队与团队成员共享信息的需求和能力驱动的,这些团队成员是为了处理导致组织问题的信息共享失败,并旨在实现关系中的共同目标。有一个既定的联系表明,由于服务的互补需求,设置中的信息共享支持并加强了合作伙伴之间的思想和信息交流,从而有助于减少扩展问题,从而为中心组织提供应对策略。在这种情况下,信息共享的重要性之一是能够更好地了解每个合作伙伴的能力和优势,从而预测不确定性。观察到复杂性是在扩展关系和依赖关系中触发信息共享失败的一个因素。当所有合作伙伴之间的信息传递不一致时,就会发生这种情况。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing and Prioritizing the Critical Success Factors and Delays of Project Management Implementation: Empirical Evidence at Construction Projects in Jordan 评估和优先考虑项目管理实施的关键成功因素和延迟:约旦建设项目的经验证据
IF 0.7 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2020-09-27 DOI: 10.5539/ijbm.v15n10p117
M. Omoush
The main goal of this research is to examine and then prioritize the critical success factors (CSFs) and delay reasons across the project management implementation stage. The study adopted the qualitative approach to introduce a full classification of the CSFs and delay reasons in project management. A total of 44 articles were reviewed to mine the various CSFs and delays based on conclusions of previous literature. This review leads to define a matrix of factors that are aligned with the project management in the context of the Jordanian construction project. Besides, the questionnaire instrument was designed based on outcomes of the critical analysis of literature; this instrument was administrated to a sample of 198 respondents across 20 Jordanian construction projects. The study sample entailed project managers, engineers, and senior department heads who were asked to assess the relevance and importance of the extracted CFSs. The questionnaire instrument was designed based on a 5-points Likert scale. Further, the data analysis was conducted based on the means values of the responses. The literature review resulted in categorizing the factors into five groups, namely, human’s related factors, organizational and managerial, material factor, project-related factors, and the external environment and stakeholders’ factors.This research applied a taxonomy approach to classifying the mean values throughout three ideas, namely, the classification of the major success factors and delays, the exploration of the sub success factors and delays within each significant factor, and last the exploration of the most critical sub success factors and delays regardless of the significant factor they are linked to this group. According to the analyses results, the major success factors were evaluated based on priority ranking, and the results showed that the projects related factors group was the most crucial motive of either success or delays. Still, human-related factors were the least important factors group; however, the “coherent team.” was the most sub factor evaluated. For the organizational and managerial sub-factors, the functional manager support was the most evaluated subfactor. Last, the materials sub-factor of the availability of materials was ranked as the most subfactor evaluated.
本研究的主要目标是检查并确定项目管理实施阶段的关键成功因素(csf)和延迟原因的优先级。本研究采用定性的方法,对项目管理中的环境安全因素和延误原因进行全面分类。本文共回顾了44篇文章,在前人文献结论的基础上挖掘了各种csf和延迟。通过这一审查,确定了一个与约旦建筑项目的项目管理相一致的因素矩阵。此外,问卷调查工具是根据文献批判性分析的结果设计的;该工具对20个约旦建筑项目的198名受访者进行了抽样调查。研究样本包括项目经理、工程师和高级部门主管,他们被要求评估所提取的cfs的相关性和重要性。问卷工具采用李克特5分量表设计。进一步,根据应答的均值进行数据分析。通过文献综述,将这些因素分为五类,分别是人的相关因素、组织与管理因素、物质因素、项目相关因素、外部环境与利益相关者因素。本研究采用分类学方法对三个思路的平均值进行分类,即对主要成功因素和延迟进行分类,对每个重要因素中的次成功因素和延迟进行探索,最后对与该组相关的最关键的次成功因素和延迟进行探索,而不管它们与该组相关的重要因素是什么。根据分析结果,对主要成功因素进行了优先级排序,结果表明,项目相关因素组是成功或延迟的最关键动机。然而,人为因素是最不重要的因素组;然而,“连贯的团队”。是被评估的最次要因素。在组织和管理子因素中,职能经理支持是评价最高的子因素。最后,将材料可获得性的材料子因素列为评价最多的子因素。
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引用次数: 4
Determinants of Audit Report Lag of Commercial Banks in Nepal 尼泊尔商业银行审计报告滞后的影响因素
IF 0.7 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2020-09-24 DOI: 10.5539/IJBM.V15N10P108
B. Bhattarai
The purpose of the study to analyzed the determinants of audit report lag of commercial banks in Nepal. The secondary balance panel data of seven commercial banks for the period of 2013/2014 to 2017/ 2018, latest five years fresh data for the analysis. The sample have been choice from the convenience sampling technique. The descriptive statistics, correlational and casual comparative research design has been employed. The study has been selected audit report lag as dependent variable and return of total assets (ROA), leverage, size of bank, size of board, and bank age as independent variables. The result has been analysis by three different models like Pooled OLS, Fixed Effects and Random Effects Model with the help of Gretl Statistical Software version 1.9.4. The result of Poled OLS and Random Effects Model has appropriate of this cases. In the Fixed Effects Model has not prediction of statically because there is not any variable significant. The study found that leverage and board size are the determinants of audit report lag in the Nepalese commercial banks perspectives. The study also found that the minimum 18 days to maximum 242 days lag of audit report of sample banks. The study concluded that leverage and board size have major determinants of audit report lag in Nepalese samples banks perspectives.
本研究的目的是分析尼泊尔商业银行审计报告滞后的影响因素。七家商业银行2013/2014年至2017/ 2018年的次级资产负债表数据,最近五年的新鲜数据进行分析。样本选择采用方便抽样技术。本研究采用描述性统计、相关研究和随机比较研究设计。本研究选取审计报告滞后为因变量,总资产收益率(ROA)、杠杆率、银行规模、董事会规模和银行年龄为自变量。利用Gretl统计软件1.9.4版对结果进行了Pooled OLS、Fixed Effects和Random Effects三种不同模型的分析。Poled OLS和随机效应模型的结果适合于这种情况。在固定效应模型中,由于没有任何变量具有显著性,所以没有进行静态预测。研究发现,杠杆和董事会规模是尼泊尔商业银行审计报告滞后的决定因素。研究还发现,样本银行审计报告的滞后时间从18天到242天不等。研究得出结论,杠杆和董事会规模是尼泊尔样本银行审计报告滞后的主要决定因素。
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引用次数: 1
Big Data and Technology Evolution in the IoT Industry 物联网产业中的大数据与技术演进
IF 0.7 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2020-09-24 DOI: 10.5539/IJBM.V15N10P94
Elona Marku, Maryia Zaitsava, Manuel Castriotta, M. Guardo, M. Loi
The present study aims to better understand how and to what extent the different dimensions of Big Data can offer insights on technology evolution. By using a patent analytics perspective, in this paper, we introduce a novel approach based on co-words analysis using the abstracts of 170,279 European patents in the Internet of Things (IoT) field published from 2011 to 2019. In so doing, we map and visualize an industry’s technology structure, development, and trends, as well as disentangle the IoT technology conceptual structure, highlighting its core and boundary concepts. This is the first study that applies a decomposition framework to clarify the determinants of IoT inventions, showing relevant changes in the focus of IoT technology overtime. By shedding light on the evolutionary dynamics of the field, this research offers a valuable contribution to the technology innovation literature.
本研究旨在更好地理解大数据的不同维度如何以及在多大程度上为技术发展提供见解。本文从专利分析的角度,利用2011 - 2019年欧洲物联网(IoT)领域发表的170,279项专利摘要,提出了一种基于共词分析的新方法。在此过程中,我们绘制和可视化了一个行业的技术结构、发展和趋势,并理清了物联网技术的概念结构,突出了其核心和边界概念。这是第一个应用分解框架来澄清物联网发明的决定因素的研究,显示了物联网技术重点随着时间的推移而发生的相关变化。通过揭示该领域的进化动态,本研究为技术创新文献提供了宝贵的贡献。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Pro-Organizational Motivation as Antecedent of Job Crafting: A Qualitative Exploration 亲组织动机作为工作制作前件的作用:质性探索
IF 0.7 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2020-09-16 DOI: 10.5539/IJBM.V15N10P1
Domenico Berdicchia, G. Masino
The concept of “job crafting” is one of the most interesting constructs within the organizational literature about proactivity in the workplace. Several authors pointed out the need of longitudinal research on job crafting. In this paper we illustrate the results of a qualitative empirical research conducted within a large retail company. While available job crafting theory emphasizes individual goals as key motivational drivers for job crafting, we found that organizationally oriented goals and motivations are also very relevant. We also found that when a convergence of individual and organizational goals is observed, the motivation towards job crafting is significantly increased, and that work experience plays a significant role in such process.
“工作制作”的概念是关于工作场所主动性的组织文献中最有趣的概念之一。几位作者指出了对职业塑造进行纵向研究的必要性。在本文中,我们说明了在一家大型零售公司内进行的定性实证研究的结果。虽然现有的工作制定理论强调个人目标是工作制定的关键动机驱动因素,但我们发现面向组织的目标和动机也非常相关。我们还发现,当观察到个人和组织目标趋同时,工作制作的动机显着增加,并且工作经验在此过程中起着重要作用。
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引用次数: 1
Ownership Structure and Timeliness of Corporate Internet Reporting (TOCIR): Case of Kuwait 股权结构与公司互联网报告(TOCIR)的及时性:科威特案例
IF 0.7 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2020-09-16 DOI: 10.5539/IJBM.V15N10P60
Mejbel Al-Saidi
This study examines the impact of ownership structure on the timeliness of corporate internet reporting (TOCIR) index in the case of non-financial firms listed on the Kuwait Stock Exchange (KSE) by using a sample of 80 firms in 2019 and 4 ownership variables, namely, ownership concentration by large shareholders, ownership concentration by institutions, ownership concentration by the government, and ownership concentration by families (individuals). The results indicate that ownership concentration by large shareholders and ownership concentration by the government affected TOCIR, whereas ownership concentration by institutions and families (individuals) did not. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first study that examines the impact of ownership concentration on the timeliness of the corporate internet reporting in Kuwait.
本研究以2019年在科威特证券交易所(KSE)上市的非金融公司为样本,采用大股东持股集中度、机构持股集中度、政府持股集中度和家族(个人)持股集中度4个股权变量,考察了股权结构对公司互联网报告(TOCIR)指数及时性的影响。结果表明,大股东股权集中度和政府股权集中度对TOCIR有影响,而机构和家庭(个人)股权集中度对TOCIR没有影响。据作者所知,本研究是第一个研究所有权集中度对科威特公司互联网报告及时性影响的研究。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
International Journal of Biometrics
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