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Watermelon seed extract inhibits protein aggregation and formation of advanced glycation end-products 西瓜籽提取物抑制蛋白质聚集和晚期糖基化终产物的形成
Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.55691/2278-344x.1048
Faiyaz Ahmed, Satish A
BACKGROUND: Glycation of proteins is a key element in the onset of diabetes consequences. The potential of medicinal plants to inhibit the progression of glycation complications provides a significant opportunity as an alternative therapy. METHODS: The effect of watermelon seed extract (WMSE) on antioxidant capacity was assessed based on radical scavenging activity and metal chelation activity. Further the inhibition of Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) formation was assessed by using different sources of amine (haemoglobin, bovine serum albumin, G.K peptide) and sugar sources (δ-gluconolactone, methylglyoxal, ribose). Aminoguanidine (AG) used as standard drug. RESULTS: Due to the presence of various phytochemicals that could disrupt the chain of events and prevent the development of AGEs, WMSE demonstrated its potential inhibitory effects at every step of protein glycation. A key part of this response is the scavenging of free radicals produced by glycation. CONCLUSION: The WMSE may aid to give a protective effect against protein degradation caused by hyperglycemia, which may be helpful in the treatment of problems associated with diabetes.
背景:糖化蛋白是糖尿病发病的关键因素。药用植物抑制糖化并发症进展的潜力为替代治疗提供了重要的机会。方法:从自由基清除活性和金属螯合活性两方面评价西瓜籽提取物(WMSE)对抗氧化能力的影响。进一步通过使用不同来源的胺(血红蛋白、牛血清白蛋白、G.K肽)和糖(δ-葡萄糖内酯、甲基乙二醛、核糖)来评估晚期糖基化终产物(AGEs)形成的抑制作用。氨基胍(AG)作为标准药物。结果:由于多种植物化学物质的存在可以破坏事件链并阻止AGEs的发展,WMSE在蛋白质糖化的每一步都表现出潜在的抑制作用。这种反应的一个关键部分是清除由糖基化产生的自由基。结论:WMSE可能对高血糖引起的蛋白质降解具有保护作用,可能有助于治疗糖尿病相关问题。
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引用次数: 0
Determination Of Vitamin C Stability In Different Packaging Materials At Refrigerated Conditions By Hplc Analysis Hplc法测定不同包装材料在冷藏条件下维生素C的稳定性
Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.55691/2278-344x.1041
Pallavi R, Sushmitha KC, Anilakumar KR, Vanitha Reddy P
The stability of Vitamin C depends on storage temperature, time, and packaging material. Vitamin C is known to prevent the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein primarily by scavenging the free radicals and other reactive oxygen species in the aqueous milieu, ascorbic acid combats cancer by promoting collagen synthesis and thus prevents tumors from invading other tissues. Aim: The present study aims at investigating the Vitamin C content of two citrus fruits under refrigerated conditions after a specific time interval, in different packaging materials. Material: In the present study, two citrus fruits – Amla & Lemon were used to study the stability of Vitamin C in different packaging materials viz., perforated zip lock cover, brown paper cover & plastic container under refrigerated conditions (5-6°C) at 0th day, 15th day, 30th day and 45th day. Vitamin C was estimated by the HPLC method and compared with the standard Ascorbic Acid. Results: The stability of Vitamin C in both Amla and Lemon stored in a perforated Zip lock cover was better than the other 2 packaging materials viz., Brown paper cover and Plastic container during the period of 0th to 45th day. The vitamin C content of Amla at 0th day - 200mg and 45th - day 163mg, and Lemon at 0th day - 43mg and 45th day - 26mg packed in perforated zip lock cover. Conclusion: From the present study it can be concluded that a perforated Zip lock cover is the most suitable packaging material for the retention of vitamin C under refrigerated condition
维生素C的稳定性取决于储存温度、时间和包装材料。众所周知,维生素C主要通过清除水环境中的自由基和其他活性氧来防止低密度脂蛋白的氧化,抗坏血酸通过促进胶原合成来对抗癌症,从而防止肿瘤侵入其他组织。目的:研究两种柑橘类水果在不同包装材料下,经过一定时间间隔冷藏后维生素C含量的变化。材料:本研究以两种柑橘类水果Amla和Lemon为研究对象,研究了维生素C在不同包装材料(穿孔拉链锁盖、牛皮纸盖和塑料容器)下冷藏(5-6℃)第0天、第15天、第30天和第45天的稳定性。采用高效液相色谱法测定维生素C含量,并与抗坏血酸标准品进行比较。结果:在第0 ~ 45天,用带孔拉链锁盖保存的木香树和柠檬中维生素C的稳定性优于牛皮纸盖和塑料容器。用带孔拉链锁盖包装的Amla第0天- 200mg和45天- 163mg的维生素C含量,柠檬第0天- 43mg和45天- 26mg的维生素C含量。结论:从本研究中可以得出结论,穿孔拉链锁盖是最适合在冷藏条件下保存维生素C的包装材料
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引用次数: 0
Aspect of sleep quality amid undergraduate medical students in correlation with BMI. 医大学生睡眠质量与身体质量指数的关系
Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.55691/2278-344x.1054
Pooja Pallavi, Suma Nataraj, Arun Gopi, Shobha Chikkavaddaragudi Ramachandra, Prashant Vishwanath, Akila Prashant
Purpose: This study aimed to assess the quality of sleep among medical undergraduates from different phases of the medical program using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and to study the association of body mass index (BMI) with the quality of sleep among them. Material and Methods: Sleep quality was assessed among 482 medical undergraduates using the PSQI. Students undergoing treatment for psychiatric illness, diabetes or hypertension, history of alcohol consumption, and smoking were excluded from the study. Obesity was ascertained by calculating the BMI and categorized into 2 groups of23.0 according to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for the Asian population. The chi-square test was utilized to compare seven components of PSQI and sleep quality for different phases and BMI groups and SPSS 24 was used to compare the components and the global score. Results: Only 0.8% of the total sample classified their sleep as very bad whereas 69.5% classified themselves as fairly good sleepers. The study participants had an average sleep time of 7.06±1.26 hours. The sleep duration (p23 had daytime dysfunction every day. Conclusions: It is necessary to create awareness among medical undergraduates about the importance of good sleep hygiene which will help them to improve their academic performance.
目的:采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评估医学专业不同阶段本科生的睡眠质量,并研究体重指数(BMI)与睡眠质量的关系。材料与方法:采用PSQI量表对482名医学本科生进行睡眠质量评估。正在接受精神疾病、糖尿病或高血压治疗、有饮酒史和吸烟史的学生被排除在研究之外。肥胖是通过计算BMI来确定的,并根据世界卫生组织(WHO)的亚洲人口指南将其分为两组,每组23.0。采用卡方检验比较不同阶段和BMI组的PSQI与睡眠质量的7个组成部分,采用SPSS 24比较各组成部分与整体评分。结果:只有0.8%的人认为自己的睡眠非常差,而69.5%的人认为自己的睡眠相当好。研究参与者的平均睡眠时间为7.06±1.26小时。睡眠时间(p23)每天都有白天功能障碍。结论:有必要在医学本科生中树立良好睡眠卫生的意识,以帮助他们提高学习成绩。
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引用次数: 0
Photocatalytic degradation of phenolic pollutants by Nanocomposites: A systematic review and pooled analysis 纳米复合材料光催化降解酚类污染物:系统综述和汇总分析
Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.55691/2278-344x.1049
Rajesh Chethan, Shetty Utapal, Rajashekara Rakshitha, Nagaraju Chaithra, Nagaraju Pallavi
All living things depend on water, which is a precious natural resource. Modern hydropower generation, industrial processes, and transportation increasingly rely significantly on water. Emerging contaminants are currently posing a serious threat to our environment and significantly damaging human health. To address these water-related problems, photocatalysis, one of the advanced oxidation processes, has drawn a lot of attention. The most common photocatalytic approach for the elimination of phenolic pollutants, which is one of the emerging pollutants in the aquatic environment, was determined through a systematic review of the scientific literature in the current study. Furthermore, It was thought about how independent variables like pollutant concentration, catalyst amount, radiation time, pH, and contact time might affect the process. Twelve research, all of which focused on phenolic contaminants, were included. In two studies, all 12 phenolic contaminants were eliminated. Most of the pollutants exhibited a degradation efficiency above 90%. The removal of organic contaminants from water can be accomplished with efficiency and effectiveness by using sophisticated photocatalytic treatment methods. However, the combined data support photocatalytic treatment procedures as a new technique in recent years for the removal of organic contaminants.
所有的生物都依赖水,这是一种宝贵的自然资源。现代水力发电、工业生产和交通运输越来越依赖水。新出现的污染物目前对我们的环境构成严重威胁,并严重损害人类健康。为了解决这些与水有关的问题,光催化作为一种高级氧化工艺引起了人们的广泛关注。酚类污染物是水生环境中新兴的污染物之一,本研究通过对科学文献的系统回顾,确定了最常见的光催化去除方法。此外,还考虑了污染物浓度、催化剂用量、辐射时间、pH值和接触时间等自变量对工艺的影响。12项研究均集中在酚类污染物上。在两项研究中,所有12种酚类污染物都被消除了。大部分污染物的降解效率在90%以上。利用复杂的光催化处理方法,可以高效、有效地去除水中的有机污染物。然而,综合数据支持光催化处理程序作为近年来去除有机污染物的新技术。
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引用次数: 0
Phytochemical and Bioactive Properties of Phlogacanthus and Andrographis Genus Plants: Potential for Post-Pandemic Home Remedies 穿心莲属植物的植物化学和生物活性特性:大流行后家庭疗法的潜力
Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.55691/2278-344x.1043
Patipon Teerakitchotikan, Tibet Tangpao, Supattanakij Posawang, Smitha S. Bhat, Shashanka K. Prasadand, Sarana Rose Sommano
This study aimed to differentiate the morphological characteristics, chemical constituents, and bioactive potential of Acanthaceae family plants, specifically three Phlogacanthus species and Andrographis paniculata. Under identical conditions, cutting stock plant of three Phlogacanthus species (Dee pla kung, Hom chang, and Cha hom) and Andrographis paniculata (Fah talai jone) were pruned and cultivated at the Chiang Mai Royal Agricultural Research Center. The morphology, biomass yield, and growth rates of the plants were observed after 90 days. Methanolic extracts of the dried aerial parts of these plants were analyzed for bioactive compounds, such as total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total lactone content (TLC), and antioxidant activities (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays). The results revealed that Hom chang had the maximum relative growth rate (RGR) of 2.64 x 10-3 cm/cm/day among the plants, as determined by the morphology analysis. Cha hom and Dee pla kung, on the other hand, had substantially greater biomass yields than the other species. Regarding chemical properties, Dee pla kung exhibited high TPC (13.66 ± 0.10 mg GAE/g), TFC (17.25 ± 0.31 mg CE/g), and TLC (9.57 ± 0.59%). In addition, Dee pla kung, a species of Phlogacanthus, exhibited significant antioxidant activity and was comparable to Fah talai jone (genus Andrographis) in terms of biomass yield and chemical properties. These findings lay the groundwork for creating future herbal remedies from local plants and their potential use in the medicinal industry.
本研究旨在区分棘科植物的形态特征、化学成分和生物活性潜力,特别是三个Phlogacanthus和穿心莲。在相同的条件下,在清迈皇家农业研究中心对三种Phlogacanthus (Dee pla kung, Hom chang, Cha Hom)和穿心莲(Fah talai jone)的砧木进行了修剪和栽培。90 d后观察植株的形态、生物量和生长速率。对这些植物风干部分的甲醇提取物进行生物活性成分分析,如总酚含量(TPC)、总黄酮含量(TFC)、总内酯含量(TLC)和抗氧化活性(DPPH、ABTS和FRAP测定)。结果表明,红樟的相对生长率(RGR)最高,为2.64 × 10-3 cm/cm/day。另一方面,茶河和迪普拉宫的生物量产量明显高于其他物种。在化学性质方面,黄芪多糖具有较高的TPC(13.66±0.10 mg GAE/g)、TFC(17.25±0.31 mg CE/g)和TLC(9.57±0.59%)。此外,Phlogacanthus(穿心莲属)的dipla kung具有显著的抗氧化活性,在生物量产量和化学性质方面与Fah talai jone(穿心莲属)相当。这些发现为从当地植物中创造未来的草药及其在医药工业中的潜在用途奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 0
Change Management in Education 教育变革管理
Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.55691/2278-344x.1040
Betsurmath CG, Prashanth Sadashiva Murthy
Social challenges are constantly evolving and organizations need to adapt timely improvisations to stabilize the growth amidst these presenting challenges. The word “social challenges” itself is so varied in its representation, that it circumscribes various “planned” and “forced” challenges and threats that innately has the potential to destabilize the more so stable flow of processes. Educational institutions are expected to steer a variety of domains for a cumulative stable and progressive outcome. When the stakes at hand are so diverse and the challenges so intense, there is no landmark recipe that can be a single solution to all challenging situations for any educational institution. Hence, it is imperative to have a collective observational array of various institution’s responsiveness and the resultant outcomes handy to plan the best permutation of the change management for the challenge at hand. This article focusses on the review of literature to collate the various change management outcomes undertaken by educational organizations to meet the potentially disruptive challenges.
社会挑战是不断演变的,组织需要及时适应,以稳定这些挑战中的增长。“社会挑战”这个词本身的表现形式是如此多样化,以至于它限制了各种“计划的”和“被迫的”挑战和威胁,这些挑战和威胁天生就有可能破坏更稳定的进程流。教育机构应该引导各种领域,以取得累积稳定和进步的成果。当手头的利害关系如此多样化,挑战如此激烈时,对于任何教育机构来说,没有一个具有里程碑意义的配方可以解决所有具有挑战性的情况。因此,必须对各种机构的响应性和结果进行集体观察,以便为手头的挑战计划变更管理的最佳排列。这篇文章的重点是对文献的回顾,以整理由教育组织承担的各种变革管理成果,以满足潜在的破坏性挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Ameliorating Effect Of Quercetin On Ethanol-Induced Liver Injury Via Targeting RISC Machinery 槲皮素靶向RISC机制改善乙醇性肝损伤的作用
Pub Date : 2023-06-13 DOI: 10.55691/2278-344x.1039
Lakshana D. Puttahanumantharayappa, Nirmala G. Sannappagowda, Varsha D. Shiragannanavar, Shreyas H. Karunakara, Prasanna K. Santhekadur
Background : Over the past few decades, increased alcohol consumption has had deleterious effects on human health. Alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) is becoming a major global challenge, as the currently approved drugs for AFLDs are subject to several side effects. This has broadened the scope of the use of natural compounds as therapeutics. Recent advances in nutraceuticals as therapeutics have shed light on fl avonoids such as Quercetin. It is a natural antioxidant of multiple dietary origins and has been extensively studied for its bene fi cial role as an anti-in fl ammatory and anti-cancer agent. Objective : Based on this framework, in the proposed study, we investigated the therapeutic role of Quercetin in Ethanol-induced liver damage using the Swiss Albino mice model and the hepatic cell line HepG2. Methodology : WST-1 assay was performed to access the effect of Quercetin on cell proliferation. The impact of Ethanol on the body and liver weights of mice was measured, and liver injury was determined by H & E staining and TMS. The mRNA expression levels of in fl ammatory genes (TNF-a , IL-6, and IL-1 b ) and SND1, a signi fi cant unit of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), were analyzed. The liver enzyme levels were also measured. Results : Our experimental results showed that HepG2 cells treated with ethanol had a lower proliferation rate, which was later mitigated by treatment with quercetin. In the mice model, a considerable reduction in body weight was detected after ethanol treatment. Conversely, there was a signi fi cant elevation in liver weight and enzyme activity. All of these effects were ameliorated by Quercetin treatment. Immunohistochemistry data revealed an improvement in the in fl ammation and fi brosis characteristics in liver tissues of the Quercetin-treated group. Decreased expression of in-fl ammatory markers and SND1 levels were also observed in the Quercetin-treated group. Conclusion : Based on our results it may be concluded that Quercetin demonstrated hepatoprotective activity in both ethanol-treated HepG2 cell line and ethanol-induced liver injury in mice model. Here, we elucidated a novel and possible therapeutic role of Quercetin in Alcohol-Related Liver Disease (ARLD) by targeting the RISC machinery.
背景:在过去的几十年里,酒精消费量的增加对人类健康产生了有害影响。酒精性脂肪性肝病(AFLD)正在成为一项重大的全球性挑战,因为目前批准的治疗AFLD的药物存在多种副作用。这扩大了天然化合物作为治疗药物的使用范围。作为治疗手段的营养保健品的最新进展揭示了像槲皮素这样的类黄酮。它是一种多种饮食来源的天然抗氧化剂,作为抗炎和抗癌剂的有益作用已被广泛研究。目的:在此框架下,本研究采用瑞士白化病小鼠模型和肝细胞系HepG2研究槲皮素对乙醇性肝损伤的治疗作用。方法:采用WST-1法观察槲皮素对细胞增殖的影响。测定乙醇对小鼠体重和肝重的影响,并采用h&e染色和TMS检测肝损伤。分析炎症基因(TNF-a、IL-6和il - 1b)和rna诱导沉默复合体(RISC)的重要单位SND1的mRNA表达水平。同时还测量了肝酶水平。结果:我们的实验结果显示,乙醇处理HepG2细胞增殖率较低,槲皮素处理后增殖率有所降低。在小鼠模型中,经乙醇处理后,体重明显减轻。相反,肝脏重量和酶活性显著升高。槲皮素处理后,上述效果均有所改善。免疫组织化学数据显示槲皮素治疗组肝组织炎症和纤维化特征有所改善。槲皮素治疗组炎症标志物的表达和SND1水平也有所下降。结论:槲皮素对乙醇处理的HepG2细胞株和乙醇诱导的小鼠肝损伤模型均有保护作用。在这里,我们通过靶向RISC机制阐明了槲皮素在酒精相关性肝病(ARLD)中的一种新的和可能的治疗作用。
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引用次数: 0
Aggression and MAO-A gene
Pub Date : 2023-06-13 DOI: 10.55691/2278-344x.1038
Sacheta Sudhendra Kulkarni, S. S, K. Rao, Abhijith Devaraju
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引用次数: 0
Rare Event of Intraoral Kinking of Endotracheal Tube Upon Prone Positioning in a Patient Undergoing Posterior Fossa Surgery 一例后颅窝手术患者俯卧位时气管内管口内扭结的罕见事件
Pub Date : 2023-06-13 DOI: 10.55691/2278-344x.1034
Sonali Turki, A. Barik, Amit Kumar Sharma, A. Arya
A 10-year-old patient (Weight-28kg, Height-150cm), diagnosed case of cystic posterior fossa space occupying lesion with hydrocephalus was posted for craniotomy and excision under general anaesthesia in prone position. The patient was previously operated uneventfully under general anaesthesia for left medium pressure ventriculoperitoneal shunt in supine position. After standard general anaesthesia induction, the patient was intubated with 6.5 mm-cuffed/poly-vinyl-chloride (PVC) endotracheal tube (ETT). Unavail-ability of a wire-reinforced ETT of the desired size forced us to use the PVC tube. Endotracheal position was con fi rmed by bilateral chest auscultation and capnography. The tube was fi xed at 18 cm at oral margin after con fi rming the endotracheal location with fl exion and extension movement of neck. The patient was ventilated on a volume-controlled mode and end-tidal carbon dioxide was maintained between 30 and 35 mm Hg. Baseline peak airway pressure was noted to be 17cmH 2 O. Case speci fi c necessary vascular access were obtained. The patient was positioned prone after taking due precautions and a peak airway pressure of 18cmH 2 O was noted. Upon positioning of patient ' s head in Sugita head frame, peak airway pressures started to rise despite of maintaining two fi nger gap between chin and sternum, reaching a pressure limited peak pressure
患者10岁(体重28kg,身高150cm),诊断为囊性后窝占位性病变伴脑积水,全麻俯卧位开颅切除。病人曾在全身麻醉下进行仰卧位左中压脑室腹腔分流术,手术顺利。标准全麻诱导后,患者插管6.5 mm套管/聚氯乙烯(PVC)气管内管(ETT)。由于无法获得所需尺寸的金属丝增强ETT,我们不得不使用PVC管。经双侧胸部听诊及导管造影确认气管内位置。通过颈部的伸缩运动确定气管内位置后,在口缘18cm处固定插管。患者在容量控制模式下通气,潮末二氧化碳维持在30至35毫米汞柱之间。注意到基线峰值气道压力为17cmh2o。在采取适当的预防措施后,将患者置于俯卧位,并注意到气道压力峰值为18cmh2o。患者头部置于Sugita头架后,尽管在下巴和胸骨之间保持两指间隙,但气道压力峰值开始升高,达到压力有限的峰值压力
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引用次数: 0
Perceived Adequacy of Training and Identification of Barriers to Choosing Academic Faculty Positions Among Psychiatry Postgraduate Students in India 在印度的精神病学研究生中,培训的充分性和选择学术教师职位的障碍的识别
Pub Date : 2023-06-13 DOI: 10.55691/2278-344x.1032
R. Innamuri, Ambuja Dacha, Rajendhar Soorinedu, Siva Kumar Chennam Setty, K. Manohar Rao
The increasing burden of psychiatric morbidity will proportionately increase the need for teachers of psychiatry in medical colleges. There are no studies on the current postgraduates ’ perception about taking up faculty positions. We conducted an online cross-sectional study among 101 postgraduate students using self-reporting questionnaires from October 2021 to November 2021. Majority were female, in 25-30 years age group, studying fi nal year in private medical colleges. They were willing consider teaching positions and expressed interest in training programs. There was perceived inadequacy of training in psychotherapy with majority of students seeking resources outside the teaching curriculum to make up for the de fi cits. Politics was reported as a signi fi cant barrier to taking up faculty positions in medical colleges.
随着精神病发病率负担的增加,医学院校对精神病学教师的需求也相应增加。目前还没有关于研究生对担任教师职位的看法的研究。我们于2021年10月至2021年11月对101名研究生进行了在线横断面研究,采用自我报告问卷。大多数是女性,年龄在25-30岁之间,在私立医学院学习最后一年。他们愿意考虑教师职位,并对培训项目表现出兴趣。人们认为心理治疗方面的培训不足,大多数学生寻求教学课程之外的资源来弥补不足。据报道,政治是在医学院担任教职的一个重大障碍。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences
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