Pub Date : 2024-09-13DOI: 10.1007/s10668-024-05380-0
Shuyang Chen
Owing to real constraints, a first-best climate policy is rarely socioeconomically optimal; therefore, policymakers may prefer a second-best or mixed policy, where revenue recycling (RR) is usually implemented as a complementary policy to the first-best policy. Unfortunately, how different RR policies affect equality and efficiency during first-best policy implementation remains to be researched. This paper attempts to narrow the research gap by designing and evaluating the RR policies for the emission trading scheme (ETS) simulating the Chinese National Emission Trading Scheme (CNETS). To achieve this research target, we have employed a dynamic recursive computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to analyze how the designed RR policies complement the ETS effects on emission abatement and economic growth. The results of the CGE model have confirmed the existence of a tradeoff between equality and efficiency. RR for income tax reduction is beneficial to emission abatement, but it has the worst performances on equality, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and household welfare. RR for subsidizing renewable energy causes the lowest GDP loss, but it adversely impacts emission abatement owing to the induced economic boom. Lump-sum income transfer to low-income households is the best RR option because it is the most equitable way to use ETS revenues and induces the highest household welfare with satisfactory performances on emission abatement and GDP. Hence, ETS revenues are recommended to be transferred to low-income households.
由于实际制约因素,第一最优的气候政策在社会经济学上很少是最优的;因此,政策制定者可能更倾向于第二最优或混合政策,其中收入循环(RR)通常作为第一最优政策的补充政策来实施。遗憾的是,不同的收入再循环政策如何影响第一最优政策实施过程中的平等和效率仍有待研究。本文试图通过设计和评估模拟中国国家排放交易计划(CNETS)的排放交易计划(ETS)的 RR 政策来缩小研究差距。为实现这一研究目标,我们采用了动态递归可计算一般均衡(CGE)模型,分析了所设计的减排政策如何补充排放交易计划对减排和经济增长的影响。CGE 模型的结果证实了平等与效率之间存在权衡。减少所得税的 RR 有利于减排,但在平等、国内生产总值(GDP)和家庭福利方面的表现最差。用于补贴可再生能源的 RR 造成的 GDP 损失最小,但由于诱发了经济繁荣,对减排产生了不利影响。对低收入家庭的一次性收入转移是最佳的 RR 方案,因为它是使用排放交易计划收入的最公平方式,并能带来最高的家庭福利,同时在减排和 GDP 方面也有令人满意的表现。因此,建议将排放交易计划收入转移给低收入家庭。
{"title":"Equality and efficiency tradeoffs in revenue recycling of emission trading scheme: a case study on the recent chinese national ETS market","authors":"Shuyang Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10668-024-05380-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-05380-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Owing to real constraints, a first-best climate policy is rarely socioeconomically optimal; therefore, policymakers may prefer a second-best or mixed policy, where revenue recycling (RR) is usually implemented as a complementary policy to the first-best policy. Unfortunately, how different RR policies affect equality and efficiency during first-best policy implementation remains to be researched. This paper attempts to narrow the research gap by designing and evaluating the RR policies for the emission trading scheme (ETS) simulating the Chinese National Emission Trading Scheme (CNETS). To achieve this research target, we have employed a dynamic recursive computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to analyze how the designed RR policies complement the ETS effects on emission abatement and economic growth. The results of the CGE model have confirmed the existence of a tradeoff between equality and efficiency. RR for income tax reduction is beneficial to emission abatement, but it has the worst performances on equality, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and household welfare. RR for subsidizing renewable energy causes the lowest GDP loss, but it adversely impacts emission abatement owing to the induced economic boom. Lump-sum income transfer to low-income households is the best RR option because it is the most equitable way to use ETS revenues and induces the highest household welfare with satisfactory performances on emission abatement and GDP. Hence, ETS revenues are recommended to be transferred to low-income households.</p>","PeriodicalId":540,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Development and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-13DOI: 10.1007/s10668-024-05360-4
Swati Sharma
This study analyses how public attitudes toward climate actions have changed over time in some of the biggest CO2-emitter countries representing two categories of economies: the rich and developed vs. emerging. Using the World Value Survey data and two-sample tests of proportions, an exploratory analysis is conducted to understand the change in climate change attitudes in China, the United States, India, Russia, Japan, Germany, and South Korea over the last three decades. The study finds initial evidence of divergence in public opinion for climate actions across countries. The findings show that people in emerging economies (such as China and India) have cultivated more favorable views toward environmental protection and climate actions over time. They have started demanding better environmental policies and shown willingness to contribute to environmental protection both monetarily and symbolically. However, people in the developed and rich world are gradually moving towards less favorable climate opinions. Such startling changes in public attitude have the potential to impact future national and global treaties on climate change disparagingly.
{"title":"Climate change attitudes and the world’s biggest CO2 emitters","authors":"Swati Sharma","doi":"10.1007/s10668-024-05360-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-05360-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study analyses how public attitudes toward climate actions have changed over time in some of the biggest CO<sub>2</sub>-emitter countries representing two categories of economies: the rich and developed vs. emerging. Using the World Value Survey data and two-sample tests of proportions, an exploratory analysis is conducted to understand the change in climate change attitudes in China, the United States, India, Russia, Japan, Germany, and South Korea over the last three decades. The study finds initial evidence of divergence in public opinion for climate actions across countries. The findings show that people in emerging economies (such as China and India) have cultivated more favorable views toward environmental protection and climate actions over time. They have started demanding better environmental policies and shown willingness to contribute to environmental protection both monetarily and symbolically. However, people in the developed and rich world are gradually moving towards less favorable climate opinions. Such startling changes in public attitude have the potential to impact future national and global treaties on climate change disparagingly.</p>","PeriodicalId":540,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Development and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142251986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-13DOI: 10.1007/s10668-024-05373-z
Wentao Wang, Dezhi Li, Shenghua Zhou, Zizhe Han
To realize low-carbon transition and pursue sustainable development, China’s central government formulated the low-carbon city pilot (LCCP) policy. Current studies focus primarily on the effect of the policy at the macro level of the cities, including economic, industrial, technological, environmental dimensions. So far, few has looked at the effect of the LCCP policy on residents’ welfare. To address this gap, this study treats the LCCP policy as an exogenous policy shock and employs the Difference-in-Differences model to examine its influence on residents’ welfare from the perspective of ecological welfare performance (EWP). Additionally, this study integrates the concept of quality of life into the EWP evaluation system to provide a comprehensive reflection of residents’ welfare. The results demonstrate that the LCCP policy significantly increase EWP in pilot cities, with a series of robustness tests support this finding. Besides, mechanism examination indicates that the LCCP policy enhances EWP through optimizing industrial structure, promoting low-carbon technological innovation, and increasing digital economy. Moreover, heterogeneous results reveal a significant increase of EWP in eastern cities, non-resource-based cities, and cities with high government environmental governance intensity due to the LCCP policy. This study empirically confirms the positive role of the LCCP policy in improving residents’ welfare, provides evidence for synergistic development of other countries seeking to advance low-carbon transition alongside improvements in residents’ welfare.
{"title":"Towards sustainable development: assessing the effects of low-carbon city pilot policy on residents’ welfare","authors":"Wentao Wang, Dezhi Li, Shenghua Zhou, Zizhe Han","doi":"10.1007/s10668-024-05373-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-05373-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To realize low-carbon transition and pursue sustainable development, China’s central government formulated the low-carbon city pilot (LCCP) policy. Current studies focus primarily on the effect of the policy at the macro level of the cities, including economic, industrial, technological, environmental dimensions. So far, few has looked at the effect of the LCCP policy on residents’ welfare. To address this gap, this study treats the LCCP policy as an exogenous policy shock and employs the Difference-in-Differences model to examine its influence on residents’ welfare from the perspective of ecological welfare performance (EWP). Additionally, this study integrates the concept of quality of life into the EWP evaluation system to provide a comprehensive reflection of residents’ welfare. The results demonstrate that the LCCP policy significantly increase EWP in pilot cities, with a series of robustness tests support this finding. Besides, mechanism examination indicates that the LCCP policy enhances EWP through optimizing industrial structure, promoting low-carbon technological innovation, and increasing digital economy. Moreover, heterogeneous results reveal a significant increase of EWP in eastern cities, non-resource-based cities, and cities with high government environmental governance intensity due to the LCCP policy. This study empirically confirms the positive role of the LCCP policy in improving residents’ welfare, provides evidence for synergistic development of other countries seeking to advance low-carbon transition alongside improvements in residents’ welfare.</p>","PeriodicalId":540,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Development and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.1007/s10668-024-05374-y
Antonela E. Sorichetti, Mariana González Prieto, Andrea A. Savoretti, Silvia E. Barbosa, José A. Bandoni
Empty pesticide containers (EPCs) are a source of high-quality high-density polyethylene with a few different colors and a practically constant quality over time; thus, EPCs are economically valuable and fully recyclable. There are two key aspects to the successful recycling of these containers, their cleaning and collection, the latter being especially challenging in areas where the distances between the generation nodes are large. This paper presents the development of a multi-period Mixed Integer Linear Programming model for the optimal design of a reverse logistics network for EPCs in large territorial areas and its application to the Buenos Aires province of Argentina. The model structure is based on the current legislation and reflects the interactions among society, development and the environment, allowing a quantification of the technical and economic implications of sustainable development. The proposed formulation takes into account investment and operating costs for each temporary collection center (TCC) and recycling plant, as well as transportation costs between nodes. The kilometers travelled to operate the network help to estimate the minimum number of vehicles required and the global climate change impacts of each studied alternative. Moreover, the model incorporates restrictions and operational alternatives commonly used in large territorial areas. This work is part of a broader project in collaboration with national agencies to develop tools to strengthen the political role and facilitate the implementation of the extended producer responsibility principle (EPR) in the context of EPCs management system. Moreover, the conclusions drawn from scenario studies serve as guidelines for its implementation in other countries or regions.
{"title":"Reverse logistics for empty pesticide containers: optimal design for sustainable management over wide areas","authors":"Antonela E. Sorichetti, Mariana González Prieto, Andrea A. Savoretti, Silvia E. Barbosa, José A. Bandoni","doi":"10.1007/s10668-024-05374-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-05374-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Empty pesticide containers (EPCs) are a source of high-quality high-density polyethylene with a few different colors and a practically constant quality over time; thus, EPCs are economically valuable and fully recyclable. There are two key aspects to the successful recycling of these containers, their cleaning and collection, the latter being especially challenging in areas where the distances between the generation nodes are large. This paper presents the development of a multi-period Mixed Integer Linear Programming model for the optimal design of a reverse logistics network for EPCs in large territorial areas and its application to the Buenos Aires province of Argentina. The model structure is based on the current legislation and reflects the interactions among society, development and the environment, allowing a quantification of the technical and economic implications of sustainable development. The proposed formulation takes into account investment and operating costs for each temporary collection center (TCC) and recycling plant, as well as transportation costs between nodes. The kilometers travelled to operate the network help to estimate the minimum number of vehicles required and the global climate change impacts of each studied alternative. Moreover, the model incorporates restrictions and operational alternatives commonly used in large territorial areas. This work is part of a broader project in collaboration with national agencies to develop tools to strengthen the political role and facilitate the implementation of the extended producer responsibility principle (EPR) in the context of EPCs management system. Moreover, the conclusions drawn from scenario studies serve as guidelines for its implementation in other countries or regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":540,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Development and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.1007/s10668-024-05363-1
Xinming Andy Zhang, Paul Kinder, Michael Strager, Samuel Taylor, Gabe Schwartzman
Energy transition from conventional centralized power plants, particularly coal-fired units, is critical for West Virginia’s long-term energy and economic future. The socioeconomic challenges faced by West Virginia are closely linked to its reliance on the centralized coal industry and economy, which has declined precipitously in the past decade. Many postindustrial communities in rural areas struggle to sustain economic viability, resulting in documented outmigration and diminished energy resilience. We investigated the possibility of introducing community-sized distributed energy systems in these rural communities to improve energy resilience and support the transition toward more sustainable energy production. This study investigated the feasibility of introducing community-sized distributed energy systems in rural West Virginia to enhance energy resilience and facilitate the transition away from traditional centralized energy. Utilizing a geospatial modeling approach with Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) and Geographic Information System (GIS) suitability assessment, we identified optimal locations for small-scale distributed wind, solar, and hydropower energy generation. The study conducted a net value comparison analysis, assessing the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and levelized avoided cost of energy (LACE) to determine the economic feasibility of each distributed generation type compared to traditional coal-generated electricity. Our findings revealed that wind and solar distributed generation are most suitable in southern and eastern West Virginia counties, while potential sites for small hydropower development are dispersed across the state . This study offers valuable insights into the possible future of distributed energy and its infrastructure development in rural West Virginia, thus contributing to the state’s energy transition and economic revitalization efforts.
{"title":"Distributed energy infrastructure development: geospatial and economic feasibility in rural West Virginia","authors":"Xinming Andy Zhang, Paul Kinder, Michael Strager, Samuel Taylor, Gabe Schwartzman","doi":"10.1007/s10668-024-05363-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-05363-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Energy transition from conventional centralized power plants, particularly coal-fired units, is critical for West Virginia’s long-term energy and economic future. The socioeconomic challenges faced by West Virginia are closely linked to its reliance on the centralized coal industry and economy, which has declined precipitously in the past decade. Many postindustrial communities in rural areas struggle to sustain economic viability, resulting in documented outmigration and diminished energy resilience. We investigated the possibility of introducing community-sized distributed energy systems in these rural communities to improve energy resilience and support the transition toward more sustainable energy production. This study investigated the feasibility of introducing community-sized distributed energy systems in rural West Virginia to enhance energy resilience and facilitate the transition away from traditional centralized energy. Utilizing a geospatial modeling approach with Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) and Geographic Information System (GIS) suitability assessment, we identified optimal locations for small-scale distributed wind, solar, and hydropower energy generation. The study conducted a net value comparison analysis, assessing the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and levelized avoided cost of energy (LACE) to determine the economic feasibility of each distributed generation type compared to traditional coal-generated electricity. Our findings revealed that wind and solar distributed generation are most suitable in southern and eastern West Virginia counties, while potential sites for small hydropower development are dispersed across the state . This study offers valuable insights into the possible future of distributed energy and its infrastructure development in rural West Virginia, thus contributing to the state’s energy transition and economic revitalization efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":540,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Development and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1007/s10668-024-05340-8
Xiang Cai, Jia-jun Wan, Ying-Ying Jiang, Nan Zhou, Lei Wang, Chen-Meng Wu, Ye Tian
Corporate environmental information disclosure manipulation (EIDM) has a high level of concealment, which brings great challenges to the identification and judgment of manipulation behavior. Compared to traditional methods, machine learning techniques excel in handling large and complex datasets while achieving higher accuracy. This research applies machine learning techniques to construct the identification model of EIDM behavior and carry out the identification research of EIDM behavior. Based on the “public pressure” theory, the detection indicators will be improved from three aspects: public pressure, corporate governance, and financial indicators. By combining the collected environmental pollution penalty cases of Chinese listed companies from 2011 to 2020 with a pressure pool indicator system, we establish a training set and a test set to compare the identification ability of the logistic regression (LR), decision tree (DT), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Backpropagation (BP) Neural Network, and random forest (RF) models. Additionally, during the initial phase of model training, hyperparameter tuning is conducted across these models to ensure the maximization of their performance. For imbalanced data, after comparing the two oversampling techniques of the Borderline synthetic minority oversampling technique (Borderline SMOTE) and adaptive synthetic sampling (ADASYN), our study indicates that the Borderline SMOTE model has a better recognition effect than ADASYN and that the Borderline SMOTE-RF model is superior to the LR, DT, BP, and SVM models. We hope that our research can provide a reference for regulatory authorities, accelerate the improvement of the mandatory environmental information disclosure (EID) system of listed companies, improve the identification and early warning capabilities of EIDM, and promote the improvement of EID quality.
{"title":"Identifying environmental information disclosure manipulation behavior via machine learning","authors":"Xiang Cai, Jia-jun Wan, Ying-Ying Jiang, Nan Zhou, Lei Wang, Chen-Meng Wu, Ye Tian","doi":"10.1007/s10668-024-05340-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-05340-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Corporate environmental information disclosure manipulation (EIDM) has a high level of concealment, which brings great challenges to the identification and judgment of manipulation behavior. Compared to traditional methods, machine learning techniques excel in handling large and complex datasets while achieving higher accuracy. This research applies machine learning techniques to construct the identification model of EIDM behavior and carry out the identification research of EIDM behavior. Based on the “public pressure” theory, the detection indicators will be improved from three aspects: public pressure, corporate governance, and financial indicators. By combining the collected environmental pollution penalty cases of Chinese listed companies from 2011 to 2020 with a pressure pool indicator system, we establish a training set and a test set to compare the identification ability of the logistic regression (LR), decision tree (DT), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Backpropagation (BP) Neural Network, and random forest (RF) models. Additionally, during the initial phase of model training, hyperparameter tuning is conducted across these models to ensure the maximization of their performance. For imbalanced data, after comparing the two oversampling techniques of the Borderline synthetic minority oversampling technique (Borderline SMOTE) and adaptive synthetic sampling (ADASYN), our study indicates that the Borderline SMOTE model has a better recognition effect than ADASYN and that the Borderline SMOTE-RF model is superior to the LR, DT, BP, and SVM models. We hope that our research can provide a reference for regulatory authorities, accelerate the improvement of the mandatory environmental information disclosure (EID) system of listed companies, improve the identification and early warning capabilities of EIDM, and promote the improvement of EID quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":540,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Development and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1007/s10668-024-04961-3
Hongyuan Du, Maogang Tang, Fengxia Hu, Yongliang Liu
The connection between land urbanization (LU) and the ecosystem service value (ESV) from land is studied theoretically and empirically in this research. Firstly, an optimization model with constraints in which the externality of land development and construction is internalized into decision-making behavior of local governments is established to theoretically find out the potential link between urbanization and ecosystem value; then, an empirical analysis using cross-section dataset of 280 cities in mainland China in 2010 is conducted to verify the theoretical results. It could be concluded that the influence of LU on ESV of land depends on phase of economic development. When the unit conveyance fee’s marginal effect of requisitioned land is greater than the unit compensation’s marginal effect of this land, LU exerts a negative impact toward ESV of land and vice versa. An empirical analysis indicated a U-shaped curve between LU and the ESV of land, biodiversity, carbon sequestration, soil retention, and water retention. However, the effect of LU on ESV is currently still negative. These results held up significantly after endogeneity tests and some robustness tests. Finally, we suggest that Chinese government should promote innovations in terms of the pattern of land use as well as institutions.
本研究对土地城市化(LU)与土地生态系统服务价值(ESV)之间的联系进行了理论和实证研究。首先,建立了一个带约束条件的优化模型,将土地开发建设的外部性内化到地方政府的决策行为中,从理论上找出城市化与生态系统价值之间的潜在联系;然后,利用 2010 年中国大陆 280 个城市的横截面数据进行实证分析,验证理论结果。结果表明,土地使用费对土地生态系统价值的影响取决于经济发展阶段。当征地单位出让金的边际效应大于征地单位补偿费的边际效应时,土地出让金对土地经济价值产生负向影响,反之亦然;当征地单位出让金的边际效应大于征地单位补偿费的边际效应时,土地出让金对土地经济价值产生正向影响,反之亦然。实证分析表明,土地使用费与土地经济价值、生物多样性、碳固存、土壤保持和水源涵养之间呈 U 型曲线。然而,目前土地利用对 ESV 的影响仍为负值。这些结果在经过内生性检验和一些稳健性检验后仍然保持不变。最后,我们建议中国政府推动土地利用模式和制度创新。
{"title":"Relationship between land urbanization and the ecosystem service value of land: evidence from Chinese land use","authors":"Hongyuan Du, Maogang Tang, Fengxia Hu, Yongliang Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10668-024-04961-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-04961-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The connection between land urbanization (LU) and the ecosystem service value (ESV) from land is studied theoretically and empirically in this research. Firstly, an optimization model with constraints in which the externality of land development and construction is internalized into decision-making behavior of local governments is established to theoretically find out the potential link between urbanization and ecosystem value; then, an empirical analysis using cross-section dataset of 280 cities in mainland China in 2010 is conducted to verify the theoretical results. It could be concluded that the influence of LU on ESV of land depends on phase of economic development. When the unit conveyance fee’s marginal effect of requisitioned land is greater than the unit compensation’s marginal effect of this land, LU exerts a negative impact toward ESV of land and vice versa. An empirical analysis indicated a U-shaped curve between LU and the ESV of land, biodiversity, carbon sequestration, soil retention, and water retention. However, the effect of LU on ESV is currently still negative. These results held up significantly after endogeneity tests and some robustness tests. Finally, we suggest that Chinese government should promote innovations in terms of the pattern of land use as well as institutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":540,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Development and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1007/s10668-024-05361-3
Yanxin Hu, Xiang Li
Since 2014, China’s economy has transitioned from rapid growth to the new normal, and the challenges of resource shortages and environmental pollution remain prominent. Therefore, China’s contemporary economic development objective is no longer to pursue high-speed growth alone but to achieve high-quality development. Green development is an internal requirement and a crucial choice for high-quality economic development. As the most distinctive and universal geographical distribution feature of economic activities, industrial agglomeration has a broad and profound impact on industrial and regional economies and the advancement of green development. This study examines 27 manufacturing industries in China to investigate the influence of agglomeration on industrial ecological efficiency. First, we empirically tested this influence from an overall perspective. We then divide manufacturing industries into technology-, capital-, resource-, and labor-intensive industries. This study constructs linear regression and threshold models to empirically analyze the divergence in influence effects among the four types of industries. The results reveal that the average influence of the manufacturing industrial agglomeration on industrial ecological efficiency is an inverted N-shaped threshold effect. Notably, the agglomeration of technology-intensive industries significantly promotes ecological efficiency. By contrast, resource-intensive industry agglomeration exhibits a restraining effect. Finally, labor- and capital-intensive industry agglomerations present prominent threshold effects, revealing inverted N-shaped and U-shaped nonlinear relationships, respectively. The conclusions of this research can serve as a reference for the policy formulation of green industrial development in China and other transitional economies.
{"title":"The effects of industrial agglomeration on ecological efficiency in China: evidence from manufacturing industry panel data","authors":"Yanxin Hu, Xiang Li","doi":"10.1007/s10668-024-05361-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-05361-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Since 2014, China’s economy has transitioned from rapid growth to the new normal, and the challenges of resource shortages and environmental pollution remain prominent. Therefore, China’s contemporary economic development objective is no longer to pursue high-speed growth alone but to achieve high-quality development. Green development is an internal requirement and a crucial choice for high-quality economic development. As the most distinctive and universal geographical distribution feature of economic activities, industrial agglomeration has a broad and profound impact on industrial and regional economies and the advancement of green development. This study examines 27 manufacturing industries in China to investigate the influence of agglomeration on industrial ecological efficiency. First, we empirically tested this influence from an overall perspective. We then divide manufacturing industries into technology-, capital-, resource-, and labor-intensive industries. This study constructs linear regression and threshold models to empirically analyze the divergence in influence effects among the four types of industries. The results reveal that the average influence of the manufacturing industrial agglomeration on industrial ecological efficiency is an inverted N-shaped threshold effect. Notably, the agglomeration of technology-intensive industries significantly promotes ecological efficiency. By contrast, resource-intensive industry agglomeration exhibits a restraining effect. Finally, labor- and capital-intensive industry agglomerations present prominent threshold effects, revealing inverted N-shaped and U-shaped nonlinear relationships, respectively. The conclusions of this research can serve as a reference for the policy formulation of green industrial development in China and other transitional economies.</p>","PeriodicalId":540,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Development and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1007/s10668-024-05396-6
Wenyu Li, Wei Shan, Junguang Gao
China has experienced rapid economic growth and industrialization over the last 70 years, which has created significant opportunities for firms and improved the quality of life for many residents. However, this increased industrialization has also had a significant negative impact on the environment. To address this major challenge, the Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP) of the People’s Republic of China has introduced several Environmental Protection Regulations (EPRs) into its regulatory framework during the last 2 decades in order to reduce the pollutant emissions generated by firms. Based on panel data from publicly listed firms in China’s manufacturing industry, spanning 2010 to 2020, this study aims to assess the impact of EPRs on firms’ pollutant emissions and resultant Research and Development (R&D) investment. In addition, the research examines the contributory role of R&D investment in the mitigation of pollutant emissions, providing important insights for governments and policy makers when seeking to refine environmental policies. In so doing, several noteworthy contributions are made to current literature: first, newly enacted EPRs are found to have markedly decreased both the aggregate and per-output pollutant emissions of firms. Second, there has been a significant upsurge in R&D investment prompted by the introduction of the new EPRs. Third, the study did not confirm a significant mediating role for firms’ R&D investments in reducing pollutant emissions; this conclusion was supported by robustness testing. Fourth, the EPRs were found to notably reduce pollutant emissions for state-owned firms and those in economically advanced regions. However, for firms in less developed regions and those not state-owned, EPRs could potentially reduce their revenues.
{"title":"The impact of environmental protection regulations on firms’ R&D investment: evidence from China","authors":"Wenyu Li, Wei Shan, Junguang Gao","doi":"10.1007/s10668-024-05396-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-05396-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>China has experienced rapid economic growth and industrialization over the last 70 years, which has created significant opportunities for firms and improved the quality of life for many residents. However, this increased industrialization has also had a significant negative impact on the environment. To address this major challenge, the Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP) of the People’s Republic of China has introduced several Environmental Protection Regulations (EPRs) into its regulatory framework during the last 2 decades in order to reduce the pollutant emissions generated by firms. Based on panel data from publicly listed firms in China’s manufacturing industry, spanning 2010 to 2020, this study aims to assess the impact of EPRs on firms’ pollutant emissions and resultant Research and Development (R&D) investment. In addition, the research examines the contributory role of R&D investment in the mitigation of pollutant emissions, providing important insights for governments and policy makers when seeking to refine environmental policies. In so doing, several noteworthy contributions are made to current literature: first, newly enacted EPRs are found to have markedly decreased both the aggregate and per-output pollutant emissions of firms. Second, there has been a significant upsurge in R&D investment prompted by the introduction of the new EPRs. Third, the study did not confirm a significant mediating role for firms’ R&D investments in reducing pollutant emissions; this conclusion was supported by robustness testing. Fourth, the EPRs were found to notably reduce pollutant emissions for state-owned firms and those in economically advanced regions. However, for firms in less developed regions and those not state-owned, EPRs could potentially reduce their revenues.</p>","PeriodicalId":540,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Development and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1007/s10668-024-05395-7
Qamar Abbas, Yao HongXing, Muhammad Ramzan, Sumbal Fatima
The impact of BRICS countries on global climate mitigation strategies is significant due to their considerable CO2 emissions. The rapid advancement of BRICS nations has adversely affected environmental conditions. This study investigates the relationship between total factor productivity (TFP) and CO2 emissions in BRICS countries from 2000 to 2022, taking financial stability into consideration as a moderating variable. To address cross-sectional dependency, various methodologies were used, such as the cross-sectional augmented distributed lag (CS-ARDL) approach for assessing long- and short-run effects, as well as the Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality test to explore causality relationships. Results reveal a positive relationship between TFP and CO2 emissions, while financial stability exerts a negative influence on CO2 emissions. Additionally, the combined effect of TFP and financial stability demonstrates a capability to alleviate environmental issues and enhance environmental conditions. This implies that financial stability works as a moderator in the nexus between TFP and CO2 emissions, and bolstering financial stability not only diminishes environmental concerns but also aids BRICS countries in reducing the adverse effects of TFP on the environment. Furthermore, the study unveils bidirectional causality relationship between CO2 emissions and all other variables. Recommendations from the study propose that BRICS nations should allocate increased resources toward environmental initiatives and embrace advanced technologies to mitigate CO2 emissions.
{"title":"Total factor productivity and environmental quality: measuring the role of financial stability in BRICS countries","authors":"Qamar Abbas, Yao HongXing, Muhammad Ramzan, Sumbal Fatima","doi":"10.1007/s10668-024-05395-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-05395-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The impact of BRICS countries on global climate mitigation strategies is significant due to their considerable CO2 emissions. The rapid advancement of BRICS nations has adversely affected environmental conditions. This study investigates the relationship between total factor productivity (TFP) and CO2 emissions in BRICS countries from 2000 to 2022, taking financial stability into consideration as a moderating variable. To address cross-sectional dependency, various methodologies were used, such as the cross-sectional augmented distributed lag (CS-ARDL) approach for assessing long- and short-run effects, as well as the Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality test to explore causality relationships. Results reveal a positive relationship between TFP and CO2 emissions, while financial stability exerts a negative influence on CO2 emissions. Additionally, the combined effect of TFP and financial stability demonstrates a capability to alleviate environmental issues and enhance environmental conditions. This implies that financial stability works as a moderator in the nexus between TFP and CO2 emissions, and bolstering financial stability not only diminishes environmental concerns but also aids BRICS countries in reducing the adverse effects of TFP on the environment. Furthermore, the study unveils bidirectional causality relationship between CO2 emissions and all other variables. Recommendations from the study propose that BRICS nations should allocate increased resources toward environmental initiatives and embrace advanced technologies to mitigate CO2 emissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":540,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Development and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}