Pub Date : 2021-06-21DOI: 10.1177/08854122211023467
Hao Ding, B. Taylor
Traffic impact analysis (TIA), which estimates the nearby traffic effects of proposed land development, tends to bias against higher density developments in urban areas where traffic is often heavy and travel alternatives plentiful. This has important implications for housing supply and affordability, suburban sprawl, and private vehicle dependence. We examine the understudied implications of TIA on housing by drawing on empirical evidence from distinct bodies of research in the transportation and land use planning literatures to describe the mechanisms through which TIA may affect housing markets. We conclude that TIAs likely have negative effects on both urban housing production and affordability.
{"title":"Traffic Trumps All: Examining the Effect of Traffic Impact Analyses on Urban Housing","authors":"Hao Ding, B. Taylor","doi":"10.1177/08854122211023467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08854122211023467","url":null,"abstract":"Traffic impact analysis (TIA), which estimates the nearby traffic effects of proposed land development, tends to bias against higher density developments in urban areas where traffic is often heavy and travel alternatives plentiful. This has important implications for housing supply and affordability, suburban sprawl, and private vehicle dependence. We examine the understudied implications of TIA on housing by drawing on empirical evidence from distinct bodies of research in the transportation and land use planning literatures to describe the mechanisms through which TIA may affect housing markets. We conclude that TIAs likely have negative effects on both urban housing production and affordability.","PeriodicalId":54207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Literature","volume":"37 1","pages":"3 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/08854122211023467","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44740229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-28DOI: 10.1177/08854122211018379
H. Dadashpoor, Ailin Sheydayi
Public interest as the main content and purpose of planning is a fuzzy concept in planning literature. The body of literature on the public interest is so complex and diverse that makes it difficult to define and use the concept. In this study, the various definitions are categorized to achieve a framework of the definition of public interest. In addition to being more comprehensive than previous studies, this categorization identifies the main dimensions of a comprehensive definition of public interest. It provides a suitable context for theorists and professionals to have a clear framework for defining the public interest.
{"title":"Defining Public Interest in Planning: A Review","authors":"H. Dadashpoor, Ailin Sheydayi","doi":"10.1177/08854122211018379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08854122211018379","url":null,"abstract":"Public interest as the main content and purpose of planning is a fuzzy concept in planning literature. The body of literature on the public interest is so complex and diverse that makes it difficult to define and use the concept. In this study, the various definitions are categorized to achieve a framework of the definition of public interest. In addition to being more comprehensive than previous studies, this categorization identifies the main dimensions of a comprehensive definition of public interest. It provides a suitable context for theorists and professionals to have a clear framework for defining the public interest.","PeriodicalId":54207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Literature","volume":"36 1","pages":"543 - 561"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2021-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/08854122211018379","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47800465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-21DOI: 10.1177/08854122211012911
P. Carnemolla, Vivienne Skinner
As governments and service agencies across the world grapple with chronic rates of homelessness and housing instability, there is a growing need to understand the value that providing secure, stable housing brings to the lives of people who are homeless and the broader community. The complex nature of homelessness is revealed across a variety of academic fields including planning, pharmacology, urban affairs, housing policy, nutrition, psychiatry, sociology, public health, urban health, and criminology. We undertook a scoping review according to PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis) that mapped the breadth and scale of the evidence-base and identified themes and gaps. We identified 476 reports and after excluding duplicates and ones that did not relate to our criteria, were left with 100 studies from eight countries. Each of them identified benefits and/or changes that occurred when people experiencing homelessness or housing insecurity transitioned into a secure, stable home. Outcomes measured were distributed across a range of domains including physical and mental health, well-being, mortality rates, criminal justice interaction, service use, and cost-effectiveness. Findings varied by degree but overwhelmingly found improvements in all domains once people were permanently housed. Housing provided a foundation for people to envisage a better life and make plans for the future. As one woman who had fled a violent home was quoted as saying: “housing made everything else possible.” The research identified savings for taxpayers and the wider community once people left homelessness for the stability of a permanent home, even after factoring in the cost of housing and rental help. We found numerous gaps. For example, there was a prevalence of studies that focused on those who are visibly homeless, in particular chronically homeless men with mental illness and/or substance use issues. Much less research looked at women whose patterns of homelessness are more varied and even less at homelessness involving children and families. Women who had left domestic and family violence were investigated in a very small number of studies and sample sizes were small. Few reports undertook the complex task of quantifying and comparing cost savings. Other notable gaps were older women, older people more generally, refugees, recent migrants, veterans, Indigenous people and those with a disability.
{"title":"Outcomes Associated with Providing Secure, Stable, and Permanent Housing for People Who Have Been Homeless: An International Scoping Review","authors":"P. Carnemolla, Vivienne Skinner","doi":"10.1177/08854122211012911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08854122211012911","url":null,"abstract":"As governments and service agencies across the world grapple with chronic rates of homelessness and housing instability, there is a growing need to understand the value that providing secure, stable housing brings to the lives of people who are homeless and the broader community. The complex nature of homelessness is revealed across a variety of academic fields including planning, pharmacology, urban affairs, housing policy, nutrition, psychiatry, sociology, public health, urban health, and criminology. We undertook a scoping review according to PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis) that mapped the breadth and scale of the evidence-base and identified themes and gaps. We identified 476 reports and after excluding duplicates and ones that did not relate to our criteria, were left with 100 studies from eight countries. Each of them identified benefits and/or changes that occurred when people experiencing homelessness or housing insecurity transitioned into a secure, stable home. Outcomes measured were distributed across a range of domains including physical and mental health, well-being, mortality rates, criminal justice interaction, service use, and cost-effectiveness. Findings varied by degree but overwhelmingly found improvements in all domains once people were permanently housed. Housing provided a foundation for people to envisage a better life and make plans for the future. As one woman who had fled a violent home was quoted as saying: “housing made everything else possible.” The research identified savings for taxpayers and the wider community once people left homelessness for the stability of a permanent home, even after factoring in the cost of housing and rental help. We found numerous gaps. For example, there was a prevalence of studies that focused on those who are visibly homeless, in particular chronically homeless men with mental illness and/or substance use issues. Much less research looked at women whose patterns of homelessness are more varied and even less at homelessness involving children and families. Women who had left domestic and family violence were investigated in a very small number of studies and sample sizes were small. Few reports undertook the complex task of quantifying and comparing cost savings. Other notable gaps were older women, older people more generally, refugees, recent migrants, veterans, Indigenous people and those with a disability.","PeriodicalId":54207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Literature","volume":"36 1","pages":"508 - 525"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/08854122211012911","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43947701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-13DOI: 10.1177/08854122211012921
L. Fang, J. Drucker
This study conducts a meta-analysis of empirical studies that have measured the spatial scale of industrial clustering. Two types of scales are examined: the peak scale (at which cluster effects are maximized) and the maximum reach (beyond which cluster effects are undetectable). We find that the scale varies significantly by the unit of analysis, industry sector, country of study, and the sources of cluster effects examined (e.g., knowledge spillovers, localization, and urbanization). Planners and policy makers should tailor the geographies embodied in cluster strategies to match the specific local needs and circumstances.
{"title":"How Spatially Concentrated Are Industrial Clusters?: A Meta-analysis","authors":"L. Fang, J. Drucker","doi":"10.1177/08854122211012921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08854122211012921","url":null,"abstract":"This study conducts a meta-analysis of empirical studies that have measured the spatial scale of industrial clustering. Two types of scales are examined: the peak scale (at which cluster effects are maximized) and the maximum reach (beyond which cluster effects are undetectable). We find that the scale varies significantly by the unit of analysis, industry sector, country of study, and the sources of cluster effects examined (e.g., knowledge spillovers, localization, and urbanization). Planners and policy makers should tailor the geographies embodied in cluster strategies to match the specific local needs and circumstances.","PeriodicalId":54207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Literature","volume":"36 1","pages":"526 - 542"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2021-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/08854122211012921","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48433410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-04DOI: 10.1177/08854122211012898
I. Hidayati, W. Tan, C. Yamu
The burgeoning landscape of literature on mobility inequalities has led to discrepancies between a conceptual understanding of mobility inequalities and its implementation in planning practice. Reviewing 270 publications across five decades, this article identifies intrinsic and extrinsic factors and approaches for understanding and analyzing mobility inequality. Using two thought experiments to critically locate variations in factors and approaches, dilemmas and challenges in addressing mobility inequality for the marginalized are exposed. The article concludes with future research directions for investigating mobility inequality.
{"title":"Conceptualizing Mobility Inequality: Mobility and Accessibility for the Marginalized","authors":"I. Hidayati, W. Tan, C. Yamu","doi":"10.1177/08854122211012898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08854122211012898","url":null,"abstract":"The burgeoning landscape of literature on mobility inequalities has led to discrepancies between a conceptual understanding of mobility inequalities and its implementation in planning practice. Reviewing 270 publications across five decades, this article identifies intrinsic and extrinsic factors and approaches for understanding and analyzing mobility inequality. Using two thought experiments to critically locate variations in factors and approaches, dilemmas and challenges in addressing mobility inequality for the marginalized are exposed. The article concludes with future research directions for investigating mobility inequality.","PeriodicalId":54207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Literature","volume":"36 1","pages":"492 - 507"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/08854122211012898","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41797718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-04DOI: 10.1177/08854122211012720
Christopher M. Clanahan
Propelled in the United States during the twentieth century, land use compatibility issues between military installations and neighboring communities amplified due to rapid population growth, sprawling regional development, and limited intergovernmental planning. This literature review examines how the policies, politics, and planning practices aimed at combating land use incompatibilities in defense communities changed from the early twentieth century to today. Through the consolidation of established theories, this article reveals a reactive paradigm shift in institutional responses. The triaxial spectrum presented in this review offers a theoretical framework for future empirical studies of defense land use policies, politics, and planning practices.
{"title":"Urbanized Defense Communities: A Literature Review on the Policies, Politics, and Planning of Military Readiness and Local Land Use in the United States","authors":"Christopher M. Clanahan","doi":"10.1177/08854122211012720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08854122211012720","url":null,"abstract":"Propelled in the United States during the twentieth century, land use compatibility issues between military installations and neighboring communities amplified due to rapid population growth, sprawling regional development, and limited intergovernmental planning. This literature review examines how the policies, politics, and planning practices aimed at combating land use incompatibilities in defense communities changed from the early twentieth century to today. Through the consolidation of established theories, this article reveals a reactive paradigm shift in institutional responses. The triaxial spectrum presented in this review offers a theoretical framework for future empirical studies of defense land use policies, politics, and planning practices.","PeriodicalId":54207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Literature","volume":"36 1","pages":"358 - 372"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/08854122211012720","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42538528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-22DOI: 10.1177/0885412221999424
Monica Landgrave-Serrano, Philip Stoker, J. Crisman
Traditional urban planning projects require considerable time, political buy-in, and capital. Conversely, small-scale urban interventions can be executed quickly and inexpensively. However, the terms used to describe these projects—such as tactical, pop-up, temporary, or insurgent urbanism—are numerous and overlapping, making them hard to distinguish from each other. We suggest that a single unifying term, punctual urbanism, can capture these different urbanisms. To justify this choice, we provide definitions and examples, as well as an overarching framework for understanding these urbanisms on the basis of two dimensions: who is implementing them and what is their temporal scale.
{"title":"Punctual Urbanisms: Rapid Planning Responses to Urban Problems","authors":"Monica Landgrave-Serrano, Philip Stoker, J. Crisman","doi":"10.1177/0885412221999424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0885412221999424","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional urban planning projects require considerable time, political buy-in, and capital. Conversely, small-scale urban interventions can be executed quickly and inexpensively. However, the terms used to describe these projects—such as tactical, pop-up, temporary, or insurgent urbanism—are numerous and overlapping, making them hard to distinguish from each other. We suggest that a single unifying term, punctual urbanism, can capture these different urbanisms. To justify this choice, we provide definitions and examples, as well as an overarching framework for understanding these urbanisms on the basis of two dimensions: who is implementing them and what is their temporal scale.","PeriodicalId":54207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Literature","volume":"36 1","pages":"467 - 491"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2021-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0885412221999424","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49195624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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