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Why do good deeds go unnoticed? A perspective on the legitimacy Judgment of social entrepreneurship in China 为什么善行不被人注意?中国社会创业合法性判断的视角
IF 5.6 1区 经济学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2022-05-11 DOI: 10.1080/08985626.2022.2071995
Wenzhi Zheng, Yichao Chen, Yu-Xiao Dai, Y. Wu, Mengting Hu
ABSTRACT The support of entrepreneurial partners is key to social entrepreneurship and the continuous creation of social value. However, social entrepreneurship in China does not receive sufficient support from venture partners, contrary to the moral spirit of benevolence advocated by traditional Chinese Confucianism. From the perspective of the legitimacy judgement of entrepreneurial partners and using information processing theory, we construct a theoretical model of the interaction between uncertainty and entrepreneurial passion in entrepreneurial engagement and test hypotheses with data from 325 questionnaires completed in China. The results show that uncertainty negatively affects social entrepreneurial engagement, entrepreneurial passion positively affects social entrepreneurial engagement, and legitimacy judgement plays a mediating role in the relationship among uncertainty, entrepreneurial passion, and entrepreneurial engagement. The interaction between uncertainty and entrepreneurial passion affects entrepreneurial engagement through pragmatic legitimacy judgements and moral legitimacy judgements but not through relational legitimacy judgements. We examine why it is difficult for meritorious Chinese social entrepreneurial activities to obtain sufficient support from the perspective of entrepreneurial partners’ judgements, extending the legitimacy judgement theory of social entrepreneurship from the perspective of interaction between individuals and the context.
创业伙伴的支持是社会创业和持续创造社会价值的关键。然而,中国的社会创业并没有得到足够的创业伙伴的支持,这与中国传统儒家思想所倡导的仁爱的道德精神背道而驰。本文从创业伙伴合法性判断的角度出发,运用信息加工理论,构建了创业投入中不确定性与创业激情交互作用的理论模型,并利用325份中国问卷的数据对假设进行了检验。结果表明,不确定性负向影响社会创业投入,创业激情正向影响社会创业投入,合法性判断在不确定性、创业激情和创业投入之间的关系中起中介作用。不确定性与创业激情的交互作用通过实用合法性判断和道德合法性判断影响创业投入,但不通过关系合法性判断影响创业投入。我们从创业伙伴判断的角度考察中国社会创业行为难以获得足够支持的原因,从个体与情境互动的角度拓展社会创业合法性判断理论。
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引用次数: 4
Changing places: the generative effects of community embeddedness in place 改变地点:社区嵌入的生成效应
IF 5.6 1区 经济学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2022-05-05 DOI: 10.1080/08985626.2022.2071998
H. Haugh
ABSTRACT How social structures and relations influence entrepreneurship is an enduring puzzle. The history of land ownership in Scotland is marked by tensions between the institutional legacy of private landlordism and community embeddedness in place. In this paper, I examine the development of a community venture that was established to buy and commit land that was formerly privately owned into community ownership, and then manage the land in perpetuity for community benefit. The methodology employs archival, interview and observation data to investigate how institutional legacy social structures and relations motivated and shaped community entrepreneurship. The Scottish historical context elaborates the influence of institutional legacy on the embeddedness in place perspective, and the effects of transcending institutional legacy on entrepreneurial flourishing and institutional change.
社会结构和关系如何影响企业家精神是一个经久不衰的谜题。苏格兰土地所有权的历史标志着私人地主制度遗产与社区嵌入之间的紧张关系。在本文中,我考察了一家社区企业的发展,该企业的成立是为了购买以前私人拥有的土地并将其转交给社区所有,然后为了社区利益永久管理这些土地。该方法采用档案、访谈和观察数据来调查制度遗留社会结构和关系如何激励和塑造社区创业精神。苏格兰的历史背景阐述了制度遗产对地方嵌入性的影响,以及超越制度遗产对创业繁荣和制度变革的影响。
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引用次数: 1
Images of entrepreneurship: divergent national constructions of what it is to ‘do’ entrepreneurship 企业家精神的形象:不同国家对什么是“做”企业家精神的建构
IF 5.6 1区 经济学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2022-05-05 DOI: 10.1080/08985626.2022.2071997
James Cunningham, Simon S. Fraser
ABSTRACT In this research note, we further Alistair R. Anderson’s argument that an atomized view of entrepreneurship as an economic function provides limited understanding of what it is to actually do entrepreneurship. We take the stance that entrepreneurship, as a process, is born of social context. What it is to be and what it is to do entrepreneurship is informed directly by the images of entrepreneurship accepted in society. To better understand the implications of this, we access the ways in which entrepreneurship is imagined in three ostensibly similar country settings: UK, Italy and Finland. We analyse the social discourses surrounding the concept from a sample of enterprise students across the three areas. Importantly, these participants are not entrepreneurs in their own right, but are considered interested stakeholders, in that the meaning they ascribe to entrepreneurship will partly inform their future approaches to it. We contrast data from 15 semi-structured interviews with policy commentary and measurable outcomes and find nuanced differences in how entrepreneurship is perceived and enacted. The implications of our findings encourage a more holistic approach to the study of entrepreneurship, avoiding the self-affirming dogma of the purely economic or purely constructionist.
在本文中,我们进一步阐述了阿利斯泰尔·r·安德森(Alistair R. Anderson)的观点,即把创业作为一种经济功能的原子化观点,使我们对真正的创业有了有限的理解。我们的立场是,创业作为一个过程,是由社会背景产生的。什么是企业家精神,什么是企业家精神是由社会所接受的企业家精神形象直接决定的。为了更好地理解这一点的含义,我们研究了三个表面上相似的国家——英国、意大利和芬兰——对创业精神的想象方式。我们从三个地区的企业学生样本中分析了围绕这一概念的社会话语。重要的是,这些参与者本身并不是企业家,但被认为是感兴趣的利益相关者,因为他们赋予企业家精神的意义将在一定程度上影响他们未来的做法。我们将15个半结构化访谈的数据与政策评论和可衡量的结果进行对比,发现企业家精神在如何被感知和实施方面存在细微差异。我们的发现的含义鼓励了一种更全面的方法来研究企业家精神,避免了纯粹的经济或纯粹的建构主义的自我肯定的教条。
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引用次数: 3
A discourse of virtue: how poor women entrepreneurs justify their activities in the context of moderate Islam 美德的话语:贫穷的女企业家如何在温和的伊斯兰教背景下为自己的活动辩护
IF 5.6 1区 经济学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2022-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/08985626.2022.2072002
Carmelita Euline Ginting-Carlström, Myrto Chliova
ABSTRACT Entrepreneurship has been both celebrated and critiqued in terms of its ability to assist women in developing countries to overcome the constraints of patriarchy, with recent views acknowledging its potential for incremental, dialectical change. This is particularly true for women entrepreneurs in contexts where Islamic gender relations are practiced, which can pose certain limits to women’s entrepreneurship. We contribute to an emerging stream of research that highlights how women entrepreneurs in such contexts leverage diverse interpretative repertoires to describe and justify their work. In particular, we shed light on the understudied but populous group of women entrepreneurs of lower social class in contexts of moderate Islam. We identify virtuous repertoires as a key discursive element that assists women in these contexts to present their entrepreneurial activities and discuss implications for theory and practice.
企业家精神在帮助发展中国家妇女克服父权制限制方面的能力一直受到赞扬和批评,最近的观点承认其潜在的增量,辩证的变化。在实行伊斯兰性别关系的环境中,女性企业家尤其如此,这可能对妇女的创业构成一定的限制。我们为新兴的一系列研究做出了贡献,这些研究强调了在这种背景下,女性企业家如何利用各种解释手段来描述和证明她们的工作是合理的。特别是,我们揭示了在温和的伊斯兰背景下,未被充分研究但人口众多的下层社会阶层的女企业家群体。我们确定良性的曲目作为一个关键的话语元素,帮助妇女在这些背景下展示他们的创业活动,并讨论理论和实践的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Death and entrepreneuring in family businesses: a complexity and stewardship perspective 家族企业中的死亡与创业:复杂性与管理视角
IF 5.6 1区 经济学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2022-04-24 DOI: 10.1080/08985626.2022.2067902
Allan Discua Cruz, E. Hamilton
ABSTRACT Based on the works of Alistair Anderson, this article explores entrepreneuring in the context of entrepreneurial families prior to, and following, the death of a leading family member in business. Until now, literature has suggested that the loss of a leading family member may bring complexity and chaos to ongoing entrepreneurial efforts. Drawing on a complex adaptive system and stewardship perspective, this study examines the role of death in entrepreneuring in four entrepreneurial families. With the loss of a leading family member in business, social processes of adaptation in entrepreneurial trajectories are revealed. Our analysis shows that these processes allow members to reorganize, recalibrate, and reconnect aspects of family and business. Our study contributes to understanding social processes in entrepreneuring by capturing how death can influence entrepreneurial choices and progression over time, focusing on what family entrepreneurs do. Conceptualizing the family as a complex adaptive system contributes to a theoretical perspective of stewardship as fluid and collective.
本文以阿利斯泰尔•安德森(Alistair Anderson)的著作为基础,探讨了企业家家族在家族领导人去世前后的创业行为。到目前为止,文献表明,失去一个主要家庭成员可能会给正在进行的创业努力带来复杂性和混乱。从复杂的适应系统和管理角度出发,本研究考察了四个创业家庭中死亡在创业中的作用。随着企业领导家族成员的丧失,揭示了创业轨迹中的社会适应过程。我们的分析表明,这些过程使成员能够重新组织、调整和重新连接家庭和企业的各个方面。我们的研究通过捕捉死亡如何影响创业选择和随着时间的推移的进步,有助于理解创业的社会过程,重点关注家族企业家的行为。将家庭概念化为一个复杂的适应系统有助于将管理作为流动和集体的理论观点。
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引用次数: 4
Venture capital investment, intellectual property rights protection and firm innovation: evidence from China 风险投资、知识产权保护与企业创新:来自中国的证据
IF 5.6 1区 经济学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2022-04-21 DOI: 10.1080/08985626.2022.2062618
D. Guo, K. Jiang
ABSTRACT We examine the heterogeneous effects of venture capital (VC) investment on firm innovation. Using a panel dataset of Chinese manufacturing firms, we find that VC-backed firms outperform non-VC-backed ones in patenting activities, new product sales, and exports because of the ex-ante selection and ex-post value-added effects of VC investment. Firms with better performance in innovation are more likely to get VC support, and such outperformance is magnified after the VC investment is made. Moreover, the impact of VC investment on firm innovation is greater when the protection of IPR is stronger. In addition, firms backed by more experienced VC firms (VCFs) generate more commercialized innovation but are less productive in patenting activities than firms backed by less experienced VCFs. Finally, firms backed by state-owned VCFs outperform in patenting activities but underperform in commercialized innovation those backed by other types of VCFs. Identification and selection issues are addressed by the propensity score matching approach and two-stage estimations.
摘要本文研究了风险投资对企业创新的异质效应。利用中国制造业企业的面板数据,我们发现风险投资支持的企业在专利活动、新产品销售和出口方面表现优于非风险投资支持的企业,这是由于风险投资的事前选择和事后增值效应。创新绩效越好的企业获得风险投资支持的可能性越大,并且在获得风险投资后,这种优势会被放大。此外,知识产权保护越强,风险投资对企业创新的影响越大。此外,由经验更丰富的风险投资公司(vcf)支持的公司产生了更多的商业化创新,但在专利活动方面的生产力低于由经验较少的风险投资公司支持的公司。最后,国有风险投资基金支持的公司在专利活动中表现优异,但在商业化创新方面表现不佳,而其他类型的风险投资基金支持的公司则表现不佳。识别和选择问题是由倾向得分匹配方法和两阶段估计解决。
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引用次数: 5
Chinese migrant microenterprises and social capital: a multiple case study analysis in industrial clusters in Italy 中国移民微型企业与社会资本:意大利产业集群的多案例分析
IF 5.6 1区 经济学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2022-04-13 DOI: 10.1080/08985626.2022.2062620
M. Biggeri, Lisa Braito, Huanhuai Zhou
ABSTRACT Migrant entrepreneurship has been acknowledged in the literature to be a dynamic and diffused phenomenon that characterizes local systems within European countries in the form of ethnic economies. The aim of the paper is to investigate the phenomenon of ethnic quasi-enclave industrial sub-clusters within industrial districts and to analyse social capital within the economic and social dynamics. The interpretative framework adapts the mixed-embeddedness approach to a case study of Wenzhounese migrant socioeconomic quasi-enclave leather industrial sub-clusters located adjacent to the industrial district area of Florence (Italy). Given the complexity of the phenomenon, the research study adopted a mixed-method approach. The qualitative methods included a one-year observational analysis, in-depth interviews conducted with key stakeholders and life-course interviews conducted with migrant Wenzhounese entrepreneurs. Structured interviews were conducted with multiple micro-entrepreneurs and their households to conduct a multiple-case study analysis and social network analysis. Both were based on data collected via a survey administered to a random sample of enterprises. This analysis contributes to the existing literature on migrant enterprises and communities within industrial clusters in Italy, adding new evidence related to ethnic entrepreneurship and the importance of social capital in the social and economic dynamics that influence micro entrepreneurs and their community.
移民企业家精神在文献中被认为是一种动态和扩散的现象,以民族经济的形式在欧洲国家的地方制度中具有特征。本文的目的是研究工业区内的民族类飞地产业子集群现象,并分析经济和社会动态中的社会资本。该解释框架采用混合嵌入性方法对位于意大利佛罗伦萨工业区附近的温州移民社会经济准飞地皮革产业子集群进行了案例研究。鉴于这一现象的复杂性,本研究采用了混合方法。定性方法包括为期一年的观察分析、对主要利益相关者的深度访谈和对温州外来企业家的生命历程访谈。对多名微型企业家及其家庭进行结构化访谈,进行多案例研究分析和社会网络分析。这两项研究都是基于对随机抽样企业进行的调查收集的数据。这一分析对意大利产业集群内移民企业和社区的现有文献有所贡献,增加了与民族企业家精神和社会资本在影响微型企业家及其社区的社会和经济动态中的重要性有关的新证据。
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引用次数: 1
Growing beyond the niche? How machines link production and networking practices of small rural food businesses 超越利基市场?机器如何将小型农村食品企业的生产和联网实践联系起来
IF 5.6 1区 经济学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2022-04-13 DOI: 10.1080/08985626.2022.2062619
G. Tuitjer
ABSTRACT This paper employs a practice perspective to understand the hanging-together of networking and production practices in small craft-food businesses. Based on a case study from a rural region of Germany, we explore how practices are held together by teleoaffective structures and socio-material arrangements, pointing to the role of machines as nodes in networking and production practices. We furthermore demonstrate how the niche-specific mode of these practices facilitates cooperation within the niche but hampers cooperation beyond the niche. Last, the hanging-together of producing and networking practices eventually leads to a niche-specific path for business growth. We add to the blossoming entrepreneurship-as-practice (EaP) literature by delineating how the bundle of entrepreneurial practices of producing, selling, and networking works to constitute a niche business realm, highlighting the agency of matter.
摘要本文采用实践视角来理解小型工艺食品企业网络与生产实践的结合。基于德国农村地区的案例研究,我们探讨了远程情感结构和社会物质安排如何将实践结合在一起,指出机器作为网络和生产实践中的节点的作用。我们进一步证明了这些实践的特定利基模式如何促进利基内部的合作,但阻碍了利基之外的合作。最后,生产和网络实践的结合最终会为业务增长带来一条特定于利基市场的道路。我们通过描述生产、销售和网络等一系列创业实践如何构成一个利基商业领域,突出了物质的代理作用,为蓬勃发展的创业实践(EaP)文献增添了新的内容。
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引用次数: 4
Contextual understanding of care ethics in social entrepreneurship 社会企业家关怀伦理的语境理解
IF 5.6 1区 经济学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.1080/08985626.2022.2055150
S. Sengupta, H. Lehtimäki
ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to add a contextual understanding of care ethics to the nascent literature on ethics in social entrepreneurship. To this end, an interpretive study of social bricoleur entrepreneurs in rural India is presented and the constitutive effects of the enactment of care ethics are articulated. First, this enactment is examined as a relational practice between social entrepreneurs and local communities. Then, the notion of formative context is used to analyse how this enactment has expressions of human agency that constitute the societal context. Further, it is shown that context is not something that exists on its own but is instead enacted in the caring practices of social entrepreneurs. The micro-level practices of relating and the macro-level societal structures become malleable in the enactment of care ethics. This study has two major contributions. First, by departing from the notion of ethics as a characteristic of an individual, it shows how social entrepreneurs give and receive care through mutuality and human interaction. Second, by adding the analysis of sensemaking and formative context to care ethics, it deepens the understanding of context as conditions that facilitate the enactment of care ethics and is constituted by that enactment.
摘要本文的目的是为社会创业伦理的新生文献增加对关怀伦理的语境理解。为此,对印度农村的社会杂色企业家进行了解释性研究,并阐述了制定护理伦理的构成效应。首先,这项立法被视为社会企业家和当地社区之间的关系实践。然后,形成语境的概念被用来分析这个法案是如何表达构成社会语境的人类代理的。此外,研究表明,环境不是自己存在的东西,而是在社会企业家的关怀实践中制定的。在护理伦理的制定过程中,微观层面的相关实践和宏观层面的社会结构都具有可塑性。这项研究有两个主要贡献。首先,通过脱离道德作为个人特征的概念,它展示了社会企业家如何通过相互关系和人际互动给予和接受关怀。第二,通过在关怀伦理中加入对意义建构和形成语境的分析,加深了对语境作为促进关怀伦理制定的条件并由该制定构成的理解。
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引用次数: 3
Entrepreneurship and embeddedness: process, context and theoretical foundations 企业家精神和嵌入性:过程、背景和理论基础
IF 5.6 1区 经济学 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/08985626.2022.2055152
S. Korsgaard, Caroline Wigren-Kristoferson, Ethel Brundin, Karin Hellerstedt, G. Alsos, J. Grande
ABSTRACT In this article, we introduce the special issue on entrepreneurship and embeddedness. We do so by providing a brief overview of existing research on the topic focused on three important conversations related to process, context and theoretical foundations. The overview highlights essential contributions from extant research and suggests that expansion and advancement in the research conversation can be accomplished by focusing on dynamic and multilayered conceptualizations of embeddedness and by broadening the theoretical foundations of our research. We also present and position the papers in the special issue within the conversations on process, context and theoretical foundations in entrepreneurship research on embeddedness.
本文介绍了创业与嵌入性的专题研究。为此,我们简要概述了该主题的现有研究,重点介绍了与过程、背景和理论基础相关的三个重要对话。概述强调了现有研究的重要贡献,并建议通过关注嵌入性的动态和多层概念化以及拓宽我们研究的理论基础,可以实现研究对话的扩展和进步。我们还在关于嵌入性创业研究的过程、背景和理论基础的对话中展示和定位了特刊中的论文。
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引用次数: 11
期刊
Entrepreneurship and Regional Development
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