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Toward a Property Rights Theory of the Family Firm 家族企业产权理论研究
IF 13.5 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1177/01492063251355258
James J. Chrisman, Hanqing “Chevy” Fang, Vitaliy Skorodziyevskiy
Using property rights theory to examine the characteristics that enable family firms to exclude rivals from their competitive space, we explain why the family form of governance is often selected instead of the nonfamily form of governance and what determines the scale and scope of family firms. Family-centered nonpecuniary goals allow family firms to capture rights to common property opportunities that nonfamily firms find unattractive. Furthermore, the development and deployment of non-tradeable, immobile, inimitable, and indivisible human and nonhuman resources enable family firms to protect their property rights from competitors. Finally, because family members act as owners and managers, family firm governance can reduce the cost of monitoring as well as the possibility of opportunistic behavior and underinvestment of family resources.
运用产权理论考察使家族企业能够将竞争对手排除在竞争空间之外的特征,我们解释了为什么家族治理形式经常被选择,而不是非家族治理形式,以及是什么决定了家族企业的规模和范围。以家族为中心的非金钱目标使家族企业能够获得非家族企业认为没有吸引力的共同财产机会的权利。此外,不可交易、不可移动、不可模仿和不可分割的人力和非人力资源的开发和配置,使家族企业能够保护自己的产权免受竞争对手的侵害。最后,由于家族成员作为所有者和管理者,家族企业治理可以降低监控成本,减少机会主义行为和家族资源投资不足的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
A Review of Market Categorization Research: An Evolutionary Framework Across Perspectives and Stages 市场分类研究述评:一个跨越视角和阶段的演化框架
IF 13.5 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1177/01492063251351911
Eduardo Meléndez, Matthew S. Wood, Chad Navis
Market categorization—the process of grouping organizations perceived as sharing core attributes and serving similar demand profiles—has become a central topic in management research, offering a theoretically rich and interdisciplinary domain of study. Scholars have examined how market categories form, develop, and decline, drawing from structural, strategic, and constructionist perspectives to explore their role in shaping firms, industries, and institutions. Despite substantial advancements, research on market categorization remains fragmented, leading to inconsistent conceptualizations, theoretical isolation, and a lack of cross-stage integration. Studies often focus on individual stages while neglecting their interconnections or apply discipline-specific lenses that limit theoretical synthesis and hinder the accumulation of knowledge. To address these gaps, we conducted a systematic review of 195 articles published between 1999 and 2024, synthesizing insights across stages and perspectives to develop an evolutionary framework of market categorization. Our analysis identifies three cross-perspective mechanisms—categories as constraints, enablers, and actor-shaped entities—that underpin categorization processes and explain their underlying dynamics. In addition, by conceptualizing transitions between categorization stages, we provide a unified foundation for future research. This evolutionary perspective clarifies the role of market categorization in shaping economic and organizational landscapes while bridging theoretical divides and guiding future empirical inquiry.
市场分类——将被认为共享核心属性和服务相似需求的组织进行分组的过程——已经成为管理研究的一个中心话题,提供了一个理论丰富和跨学科的研究领域。学者们研究了市场类别是如何形成、发展和衰落的,从结构、战略和建构主义的角度来探讨它们在塑造企业、产业和制度方面的作用。尽管取得了实质性进展,但对市场分类的研究仍然分散,导致概念化不一致,理论孤立,缺乏跨阶段整合。研究往往侧重于单个阶段,而忽视了它们之间的相互联系,或者采用特定学科的视角,这限制了理论的综合,阻碍了知识的积累。为了解决这些差距,我们对1999年至2024年间发表的195篇文章进行了系统回顾,综合了不同阶段和观点的见解,以开发一个市场分类的进化框架。我们的分析确定了三种跨视角的机制——作为约束的类别、推动者的类别和行动者形实体——它们支撑着分类过程并解释了它们的潜在动态。此外,通过概念化分类阶段之间的转换,我们为未来的研究提供了统一的基础。这种进化的观点阐明了市场分类在塑造经济和组织格局方面的作用,同时弥合了理论分歧,并指导了未来的实证研究。
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引用次数: 0
Leader Anthropomorphizing Behavior Toward Robots: Conceptualization, Measurement, and Implications for Perceived Objectification and Workplace Deviance 领导者对机器人的拟人化行为:概念化、测量和对感知物化和工作场所偏差的影响
IF 13.5 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1177/01492063251350938
Limei Cao, Hansen Zhou, Puchu Zhao, Luyuan Jiang, Yaoqi Li, Juncheng Shang, Xin Qin
As robots become more integrated into the workplace, leaders are increasingly engaging in behaviors that anthropomorphize robots. Given that this form of leader behavior remains undertheorized, we conceptualize it as leader anthropomorphizing behavior toward robots (LABR)—an observable behavior through which leaders endow robots with human-like characteristics. Although practical wisdom and previous studies have highlighted a prevailing optimism about adopting LABR to manage human–robot teams, such optimism may be premature. Drawing on objectification theory, we develop a model that uncovers the detrimental effects of LABR on employees who observe such behavior. To test our model, we developed and validated a LABR scale (Study 1) and conducted five subsequent studies (Studies 2a–5) using vignette-based experiments and field surveys. The results showed that employees who observed LABR were more likely to perceive themselves as being objectified by their leaders, which in turn increased their likelihood of engaging in workplace deviance. By theorizing LABR and revealing its potential dark sides, we contribute to the literature on leader behavior, robot anthropomorphism, human–robot teams, and objectification.
随着机器人越来越多地融入工作场所,领导者越来越多地参与将机器人拟人化的行为。鉴于这种形式的领导行为仍未被理论化,我们将其概念化为领导者对机器人的人格化行为(LABR) -一种可观察的行为,领导者通过这种行为赋予机器人类似人类的特征。尽管实践智慧和先前的研究强调了采用LABR管理人机团队的普遍乐观,但这种乐观可能为时过早。根据客观化理论,我们开发了一个模型,揭示了劳动劳动关系对观察到这种行为的员工的有害影响。为了验证我们的模型,我们开发并验证了LABR量表(研究1),并使用基于小图的实验和实地调查进行了五项后续研究(研究2a-5)。结果表明,观察到LABR的员工更有可能认为自己被领导物化了,这反过来又增加了他们在工作场所越轨的可能性。通过理论化LABR并揭示其潜在的阴暗面,我们对领导行为、机器人拟人化、人机团队和物化等方面的文献做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Mixed Gambles in Product Recalls: How CEO Stock Options Drive Impression Management Tactics 产品召回中的混合赌博:CEO股票期权如何驱动印象管理策略
IF 13.5 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1177/01492063251345482
Sumeet Malik, Taiyuan Wang, Geoff Martin, Luis Gomez-Mejia
Executive compensation is a key topic in management research, focusing on how firms use incentives to align CEOs’ decisions with shareholders’ interests. Yet, we know little about the influence of stock-option compensation—a major component of CEO pay—on CEO decisions facing adverse events involving multiple stakeholders. Analyzing U.S. medical device recalls between 2004 and 2017, we examine how stock options induce CEOs to protect their existing wealth while pursuing potential gains. We find that CEOs with greater current option wealth are more likely to adopt short-term impression management (IM) tactics, such as strategically timing recalls and maintaining silence in press releases, which can harm shareholders and stakeholders. In contrast, CEOs with higher prospective option wealth are less inclined to employ these tactics. Moreover, negative media scrutiny discourages CEOs with substantial current option wealth from using IM tactics, and encourages those with greater prospective option wealth to further avoid them. These findings highlight the powerful role of executive compensation, particularly stock options, in shaping CEO decisions facing adverse events.
高管薪酬是管理研究中的一个关键话题,主要研究公司如何利用激励措施使ceo的决策与股东的利益保持一致。然而,我们对股票期权补偿(CEO薪酬的主要组成部分)对CEO面临涉及多个利益相关者的不利事件的决策的影响知之甚少。通过分析2004年至2017年美国医疗器械召回事件,我们研究了股票期权如何促使首席执行官在追求潜在收益的同时保护其现有财富。我们发现,拥有更多当前期权财富的ceo更有可能采取短期印象管理(IM)策略,如战略性地选择召回时间和在新闻发布会上保持沉默,这可能会损害股东和利益相关者。相比之下,拥有较高预期期权财富的ceo不太倾向于采用这些策略。此外,负面的媒体审查阻碍了拥有大量当前期权财富的ceo使用IM策略,并鼓励那些拥有更多未来期权财富的ceo进一步避免使用IM策略。这些发现凸显了高管薪酬(尤其是股票期权)在影响CEO面对不利事件的决策方面的强大作用。
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引用次数: 0
Corporate Social Irresponsibility and Ownership Level in Cross-Border Acquisitions 跨国收购中的企业社会责任缺失与所有权水平
IF 13.5 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1177/01492063251346406
Tsvetomira V. Bilgili, Holly Loncarich, Debmalya Mukherjee, Erin E. Makarius
The perils of legitimacy threats for CBAs are widely acknowledged in the literature. However, prior research has focused on legitimacy threats stemming from factors not in the direct control of MNEs. In this study, we explore if and how acquirers’ CSI salience, a legitimacy threat stemming directly from the past actions and behaviors of the focal firm, influences a critical international expansion decision—the level of ownership obtained in cross-border acquisitions (CBAs). Drawing on neo-institutional theory, we argue that CSI salience reduces the level of ownership obtained in CBAs as it captures more stakeholder attention and is factored into their legitimacy evaluations. In addition, we examine how characteristics of the host country’s legitimating environment may attenuate or accentuate the legitimacy threat from CSI as they reflect how host country stakeholders notice, assess, and respond to CSI and the capacity of host institutions to monitor and enforce compliance. We find support for our hypotheses in a sample of 16,650 CBAs by 10,738 unique acquirers, and offer valuable insights into the interplay of CSI salience, legitimacy, and CBA ownership to research and practice.
合法性威胁的危险在文献中得到了广泛的承认。然而,先前的研究主要集中在跨国公司无法直接控制的因素所产生的合法性威胁上。在本研究中,我们探讨了收购方的CSI突出性是否以及如何影响关键的国际扩张决策——跨境收购中获得的所有权水平。CSI突出性是一种直接源于焦点公司过去的行为和行为的合法性威胁。根据新制度理论,我们认为CSI显著性降低了cba获得的所有权水平,因为它吸引了更多利益相关者的注意,并被纳入其合法性评估。此外,我们还研究了东道国合法性环境的特征如何减弱或加剧CSI的合法性威胁,因为它们反映了东道国利益相关者如何注意、评估和应对CSI以及东道国机构监督和执行合规的能力。我们在10738个独立收购方的16650个CBA样本中发现了对我们假设的支持,并为研究和实践提供了关于CSI显著性、合法性和CBA所有权之间相互作用的有价值的见解。
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引用次数: 0
How We Can Help Working Moms “Win”: The Impact of Social Support During Pregnancy on Postpartum Working Mom Guilt 我们如何帮助职场妈妈“赢”:怀孕期间的社会支持对产后职场妈妈内疚的影响
IF 13.5 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1177/01492063251346401
Kaylee J. Hackney, Gary R. Thurgood, Dawn S. Carlson, Merideth J. Thompson
Using signaling theory, this research examines the role that social support during pregnancy plays in reducing work–family guilt upon returning to work after maternity leave. Specifically, we consider four sources of social support (two from the work domain: supervisor and coworkers; and two from the non-work domain: spouse and friends) and the signaling effect they have on a mother’s work–family guilt upon returning to work after maternity leave and her subsequent job and family satisfaction. Based on a sample of 247 women who completed surveys both before taking maternity leave and upon returning to the workforce, we found that supervisor, coworker, and friend support enhanced job satisfaction through reduced work-induced guilt. Further, both supervisor and spouse support contributed to family satisfaction through reduced family-induced guilt. Spouse support reduced family-induced guilt significantly more than coworker support, offering some modest support for domain specificity. Further, when considering the interaction of within-domain effects, we found that the work domain sources of support interact to provide a stronger effect on job satisfaction, but the non-work domain sources do not interact significantly. This provides an enlightening look at social support’s different roles in working mom guilt during a pivotal time in a woman’s life, her return to work after childbirth.
利用信号理论,本研究探讨了怀孕期间的社会支持在减少产假后重返工作岗位的工作家庭内疚感方面所起的作用。具体来说,我们考虑了四种社会支持来源(两种来自工作领域:主管和同事;两个来自非工作领域:配偶和朋友),以及它们对母亲在产假后重返工作岗位时的工作-家庭内疚感以及随后的工作和家庭满意度的信号效应。根据247名女性的样本,她们在休产假前和重返职场后都完成了调查,我们发现主管、同事和朋友的支持通过减少工作引起的内疚感来提高工作满意度。此外,主管和配偶的支持都通过减少家庭内疚感来促进家庭满意度。配偶的支持比同事的支持更能显著减少家庭内疚感,为领域特异性提供了一些适度的支持。此外,当考虑领域内效应的交互作用时,我们发现工作领域的支持来源对工作满意度的交互作用更强,而非工作领域的支持来源对工作满意度的交互作用不显著。这为我们提供了一个有启发性的视角,让我们看到社会支持在职业母亲的负罪感中所扮演的不同角色,在女性人生的关键时期,也就是她在分娩后重返工作岗位的时候。
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引用次数: 0
Gaining Career Purpose Through Lightning Bolts: Examining the Strength and Psychological Foundations of Work-Related Epiphanies 通过闪电获得职业目标:检查与工作有关的顿悟的力量和心理基础
IF 13.5 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1177/01492063251348410
Erik Dane, Markus Baer, Hannes Leroy, Richard Swartz, Aleksandra Wrobel
Epiphanies—sudden realizations that transform how people see themselves—have the potential to infuse people’s personal and professional lives with a renewed sense of purpose. Yet, the prominence and potency of epiphanies as purpose-giving vehicles has largely been overlooked in management and organization studies. In the research reported here, we investigate epiphanies and their psychological foundations. Specifically, we build and test theory on what types of individuals, psychologically speaking, are more likely to experience epiphanies of greater strength related to their work and careers. We evaluate the strength of the work-related epiphanies that people experienced over the course of their lives (Study 1) and in the context of a leadership development program (Study 2) and a leadership coaching workshop (Study 3). Consistent with our theorizing, we find that people who engage in a form of mind wandering known as “problem-solving daydreaming” are more likely to experience work-related epiphanies of greater strength. Furthermore, we find that people who engage in problem-solving daydreaming are especially likely to experience work-related epiphanies of greater strength when they possess a form of curiosity that compels them to solve their problems (“deprivation sensitivity”). Work-related epiphany strength, in turn, transmits this conditional effect onto people’s sense of purpose in their careers via psychological tension resolution. These results illuminate psychological phenomena underlying sudden shifts in how people view themselves and open new windows into how a heightened sense of career purpose can emerge among individuals on a managerial career path.
顿悟——改变人们如何看待自己的突然意识——有可能给人们的个人生活和职业生活注入一种新的使命感。然而,在管理和组织研究中,顿悟作为赋予目标的工具的重要性和效力在很大程度上被忽视了。在这里报告的研究中,我们调查顿悟及其心理学基础。具体地说,我们建立和测试的理论是,从心理学的角度来看,哪种类型的人更有可能体验到与他们的工作和职业相关的更大力量的顿悟。我们评估了人们在一生中经历的与工作有关的顿悟的强度(研究1),并在领导力发展计划(研究2)和领导力培训研讨会(研究3)的背景下进行了评估。与我们的理论一致,我们发现从事一种被称为“解决问题的白日梦”的走神形式的人更有可能体验到与工作有关的更强大的顿悟。此外,我们发现,从事解决问题的白日梦的人,当他们拥有一种迫使他们解决问题的好奇心(“剥夺敏感性”)时,特别有可能体验到更强大的与工作有关的顿悟。与工作相关的顿悟强度,反过来,通过心理紧张的解决,将这种条件效应传递给人们的职业目标感。这些结果阐明了人们如何看待自己的突然转变背后的心理现象,并为了解在管理职业道路上的个人如何产生高度的职业使命感打开了新的窗口。
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引用次数: 0
Yes, We (Still) Can! A Qualitative Study on the Dynamic Process of Team Resilience 是的,我们(仍然)可以!团队弹性动态过程的定性研究
IF 13.5 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-07-05 DOI: 10.1177/01492063251342209
Silja Hartmann, Matthias Weiss, Martin Hoegl
Research on psychological resilience in the workplace is on the rise, aiming to better understand how to successfully manage adverse events. Although scholars have started to explore the concept of team resilience, the focus of the theory on team resilience has been largely on cognitive mechanisms. However, neglecting the role of relational mechanisms discounts the collaboration and social interaction that are necessary for successful teamwork, especially in the face of adverse events. To address this research gap, we conducted a qualitative study with a palliative care team that experienced work-related adverse events. Based on our data and applying conservation of resources theory, we develop a process model of team resilience. This model specifies the experience of adverse events as loss events and illustrates how teams can counteract these losses and enact team resilience through the relational process of caring. Caring in teams can be enacted through four dimensions, which we refer to as understanding, being with, doing for, and enabling. By enacting these caring dimensions, teams can heal social safety and collective action capabilities and can moreover build valuable resources, which may buffer resource loss and fuel resource growth in subsequent team resilience episodes. Our findings provide a better understanding of the role of relational processes in team resilience enactment and specify caring as a core relational mechanism that enables team resilient outcomes. Overall, we provide a nuanced understanding of the different elements within a team resilience process.
关于职场心理弹性的研究正在兴起,旨在更好地了解如何成功地管理不良事件。虽然学者们已经开始探索团队弹性的概念,但团队弹性理论的重点主要集中在认知机制上。然而,如果忽视关系机制的作用,就会忽视成功团队合作所必需的协作和社会互动,尤其是在面对不利事件时。为了解决这一研究差距,我们对一个经历过与工作有关的不良事件的姑息治疗团队进行了定性研究。在此基础上,运用资源守恒理论,建立了团队弹性过程模型。该模型将不良事件的经历指定为损失事件,并说明团队如何通过关心的关系过程抵消这些损失并制定团队弹性。团队中的关怀可以通过四个维度来实现,我们将其称为理解、同在、为之而做和使能。通过制定这些关怀维度,团队可以治愈社会安全和集体行动能力,并且可以建立有价值的资源,这可以缓冲资源的损失,并在随后的团队弹性事件中促进资源的增长。我们的研究结果更好地理解了关系过程在团队弹性制定中的作用,并明确了关怀是一种能够实现团队弹性结果的核心关系机制。总的来说,我们对团队弹性过程中的不同元素提供了细致入微的理解。
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引用次数: 0
Do Gender-Role Violations in Initiating Structure and Consideration Help or Harm Employee Stress and Well-Being? 性别角色在启动结构和考虑中的违反是有助于还是有害于员工的压力和幸福感?
IF 13.5 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1177/01492063251346400
Joohyung (Jenny) Kim, Marie S. Mitchell, David A. Waldman, Donald S. Siegel
Although prior research has noted the stress-reducing effects of leaders’ initiating structure and consideration, these behaviors are often gendered, with initiating structure as agentic, masculine behavior and consideration as communal, feminine behavior. Given these gender-role expectations, we examine whether there are different implications of women and men leaders’ initiating structure and consideration in relation to employee stress and well-being. Integrating expectancy violation theory and stress appraisal theory, we argue that perceived leader behaviors that violate gender roles (i.e., initiating structure by women leaders and consideration by men leaders) will be more powerful in reducing employee threat appraisals, which then reduces self-regulation depletion and in turn enriches employee well-being. Two studies—a time-separated field study and a set of experiments—support our proposals. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
虽然先前的研究已经注意到领导者的启动结构和考虑的减压作用,但这些行为通常是性别化的,启动结构是代理的、男性化的行为,而考虑是公共的、女性化的行为。鉴于这些性别角色期望,我们研究了女性和男性领导者的启动结构和考虑是否对员工压力和幸福感有不同的影响。结合期望违反理论和压力评估理论,我们认为,感知到的违反性别角色的领导者行为(即女性领导者发起结构,男性领导者考虑)将更有效地降低员工的威胁评估,从而减少自我调节消耗,从而丰富员工的幸福感。两项研究——一项时间间隔的实地研究和一组实验——支持我们的建议。讨论了理论和实践意义。
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引用次数: 0
Comparing Learning-by-Doing Between In-House Provision and External Contracting in Public Service Provision 公共服务内部提供与外部承包的边做边学比较
IF 13.5 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1177/01492063251342807
Louis Mulotte, Simon Porcher
Studies of organizational learning show that experience enables firms to utilize specific governance structures effectively. Nevertheless, little attention has been given to comparing the effects of learning-by-doing across different structures. In this paper we investigate whether the duration of operation influences performance differently in two structures utilized in public services: in-house provision and external contracting. An analysis of water supply data in France from 1998 to 2008 suggests that the learning advantages are greater in external contracting due to its high-powered incentives, but these benefits decrease as the technological complexity and environmental uncertainty of public services increase. We contribute to organizational learning theory, extend research on governance structures, and provide critical insights into the sustainable management of natural resources.
组织学习的研究表明,经验使企业能够有效地利用特定的治理结构。然而,很少有人注意比较不同结构的边做边学的效果。在本文中,我们研究了在公共服务中使用的两种结构:内部提供和外部承包中,运营时间对绩效的影响是否不同。一项对法国1998年至2008年供水数据的分析表明,外部承包的学习优势更大,因为它具有强大的激励机制,但随着公共服务的技术复杂性和环境不确定性的增加,这些好处会减少。我们致力于组织学习理论,扩展治理结构的研究,并为自然资源的可持续管理提供重要见解。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Management
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