Global Ecology and Conservation最新文献_第6页

Decline in alien plant species turnover among geographically isolated mountains with ropeway corridors 有索道走廊的地理隔离山区外来植物物种更替率下降

IF 3.5 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Global Ecology and Conservation

Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e03282

Asuka Koyama , Chika Egawa , Munemitsu Akasaka

Anthropogenic corridors facilitate alien invasions from low to high elevations in mountains. While native plant assemblages generally show a large elevational turnover to alpine species, alien plant assemblages at high elevations seem to consist of only generalist species with broad tolerances, resulting in a nested structure of lowlands. These may cause homogeneous alien plant assemblages even in geographically isolated higher elevations, thereby undermining the alpine flora uniqueness. We focused on ropeway corridors that may facilitate alien invasions up long elevational gradients from lowlands, and examined the followings on 14 mountains across Japan: Are alien plant assemblages at high elevations accessible by ropeways formed as a subset of lowland alien species? and Are alien plant assemblages homogeneous among isolated higher elevations? We analyzed species richness and spatial turnover of alien and native species at the lower and upper ends of ropeways, as well as the effects of geographical and climatic factors on the spatial turnover and alien species’ presence probability at upper ends. Alien species richness decreased with elevation, whereas native species richness did not. The degree of spatial turnover of alien species was lower than that of native species, especially at upper ends, and was not affected by coordinal distance, unlike native species. The alien species’ presence probability at the upper ends was influenced by that at the lower ends. Our results highlight that homogeneous alien plant assemblages are formed across isolated higher elevations with ropeways. Strengthening the management of lowland alien species pools is necessary to conserve mountain biodiversity.

人为走廊促进了山区从低海拔到高海拔的外来入侵。本地植物群落通常会在海拔高度上向高山物种进行大面积更替，而高海拔地区的外来植物群落似乎只包括耐受性较强的普通物种，从而形成了低地嵌套结构。这可能会导致即使在地理上孤立的高海拔地区，外来植物群落也是千篇一律，从而破坏了高山植物群落的独特性。我们重点研究了可能促进外来植物从低地向海拔梯度较高的地方入侵的索道走廊，并对日本 14 座山区进行了以下研究：通过索道可到达的高海拔地区的外来植物群落是否是低地外来物种的子集？我们分析了索道上下两端外来物种和本地物种的物种丰富度和空间周转率，以及地理和气候因素对上端空间周转率和外来物种存在概率的影响。外来物种的丰富度随着海拔的升高而降低，而本地物种的丰富度却没有降低。外来物种的空间周转程度低于本地物种，尤其是在上端，而且与本地物种不同，不受坐标距离的影响。外来物种在上端出现的概率受下端出现概率的影响。我们的研究结果突出表明，在孤立的高海拔索道上形成了同质的外来植物群落。要保护山区生物多样性，就必须加强低地外来物种库的管理。

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引用次数: 0

Impacts of climate change on a high elevation specialist bird are ameliorated by terrain complexity 气候变化对一种高海拔专业鸟类的影响因地形复杂而得到缓解

IF 3.5 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Global Ecology and Conservation

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e03281

Mohammad Reza Ashrafzadeh , Marzieh Moradi , Rasoul Khosravi , Ali Asghar Naghipour , Dan Chamberlain

Climate change is predicted to result in elevational and latitudinal shifts in species distributions. Among different taxa, high-elevation specialist species are likely to suffer the greatest impact from climate change due to the limited ability to track their niches. Although much work has been undertaken on predicting the effects of climate change on the range contraction/expansion of mountain species, one important but fairly neglected issue is to consider the impacts of non-climate data in the projections of Species Distribution Models (SDMs). We evaluated the degree to which incorporating non-climatic data into climate-based SDMs would change the predicted vulnerability of the Caspian Snowcock (Tetraogallus caspius), a poorly known high-elevation specialist species, to climate change. We first optimized the MaxEnt model for the current species distribution using: (1) only climatic variables; and, (2) both climatic and non-climatic data. We then projected the optimized model for two future time periods under different climate scenarios. Finally, we calculated differences in the mean elevation and lower and upper range limits for the species. We predicted that with changing climatic conditions, Caspian Snowcock will undergo significant elevational and some latitudinal shifts in its distribution and will face a drastic decrease in suitable habitat in the next 50 years. Including non-climatic data in the models increased model performance and resulted in reduced predictions of habitat loss under future climate scenarios. Terrain roughness was the most important predictor in this model, suggesting that more complex topography will retain favourable microclimates for the species in the future. The results thus highlight the importance of including topographic variables in climate-based SDMs. Our findings can guide biodiversity managers in prioritizing protected areas and adopting proactive measures to mitigate the negative impacts of climate change.

据预测，气候变化将导致物种分布的海拔和纬度变化。在不同的分类群中，高海拔专业物种由于追踪其生态位的能力有限，可能会受到气候变化的最大影响。尽管在预测气候变化对山区物种分布范围收缩/扩大的影响方面已经开展了大量工作，但一个重要但却相当被忽视的问题是在物种分布模型（SDM）预测中考虑非气候数据的影响。里海雪鸡（Tetraogallus caspius）是一种鲜为人知的高海拔专门物种，我们评估了将非气候数据纳入基于气候的物种分布模型会在多大程度上改变里海雪鸡对气候变化的预测脆弱性。我们首先使用以下方法优化了当前物种分布的 MaxEnt 模型：(1) 仅使用气候变量；(2) 同时使用气候和非气候数据。然后，我们将优化后的模型预测到不同气候情景下的两个未来时段。最后，我们计算了物种的平均海拔高度、分布范围下限和上限的差异。我们预测，随着气候条件的变化，里海雪鸡的分布将在未来50年内发生显著的海拔和纬度变化，并将面临适宜栖息地的急剧减少。将非气候数据纳入模型可提高模型性能，并减少对未来气候情景下栖息地丧失的预测。在该模型中，地形粗糙度是最重要的预测因素，这表明更复杂的地形将在未来为该物种保留有利的微气候。因此，研究结果凸显了将地形变量纳入基于气候的可持续发展模型的重要性。我们的研究结果可以指导生物多样性管理者确定保护区的优先次序，并采取积极措施减轻气候变化的负面影响。

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引用次数: 0

Forest bird population status on Saipan, a small oceanic island 塞班岛（一个海洋小岛）的森林鸟类数量状况

IF 3.5 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Global Ecology and Conservation

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e03273

Trevor Bak , Steve Mullin , Emilie Kohler , Bradley A. Eichelberger , Richard J. Camp

Tropical oceanic islands are critical biodiversity hotspots where population monitoring can help to determine the status and trends of rare and endangered species. Saipan is the second largest island in the Mariana Islands and contains many endemic and range-restricted bird species. Surveys of forest birds were conducted on Saipan using point-transect distance sampling, starting in 1982. To determine population status for Saipan avifauna, we generated abundance estimates based on surveys conducted in 1982, 1997, 2007, and 2018. We also assessed community composition by exploring if there were changes in assemblage diversity, total forest bird abundance, and ratio of native to non-native populations over time. For the 2018 survey, there were 5791 detections of 18 species during 242 counts, with six of 18 species detected at > 50 % of the counts and with relatively high abundance, while 12 species were detected at < 50 % of the counts and were uncommon or rare. The most abundant species was Bridled White eye (nosa', Zosterops conspicillatus saypani) at > 40 birds/ha and the least common species was the Saipan Reed Warbler (gå'ga' karisu, Acrocephalus hiwae) at < 1 bird/ha. We found that the community composition is becoming slightly more even over time and the overall community abundance is stable (around 375,000 birds), but non-native species have become more common while native species have remained stable. Results from this study can be used to inform conservation management of forest birds in Saipan and contribute to a broader understanding of forest bird status in the Marianas.

热带海洋岛屿是重要的生物多样性热点地区，对其进行种群监测有助于确定稀有和濒危物种的现状和趋势。塞班岛是马里亚纳群岛的第二大岛，岛上有许多特有鸟类和分布范围受限的鸟类。从 1982 年开始，塞班岛采用点--横断面距离取样法对森林鸟类进行了调查。为了确定塞班岛鸟类的种群状况，我们根据 1982 年、1997 年、2007 年和 2018 年进行的调查得出了丰度估计值。我们还评估了群落组成，探讨了群落多样性、林鸟总丰度以及本地种群与非本地种群的比例是否随着时间的推移而发生变化。在 2018 年的调查中，在 242 次计数中发现了 18 个物种共 5791 次，18 个物种中有 6 个物种在 > 50 % 的计数中被发现，丰度相对较高，而 12 个物种在 < 50 % 的计数中被发现，属于不常见或稀有物种。数量最多的物种是有辔白眼（nosa', Zosterops conspicillatus saypani），达 40 只/公顷，最少见的物种是塞班芦莺（gå'ga' karisu, Acrocephalus hiwae），达 1 只/公顷。我们发现，随着时间的推移，群落组成变得略微均匀，群落总体丰度保持稳定（约 375 000 只鸟），但非本地物种变得更加常见，而本地物种则保持稳定。这项研究的结果可用于塞班岛森林鸟类的保护管理，并有助于更广泛地了解马里亚纳群岛的森林鸟类状况。

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引用次数: 0

Immediate impacts of fire on koala movement in a fragmented landscape 火灾对考拉在破碎景观中移动的直接影响

IF 3.5 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Global Ecology and Conservation

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e03274

Damber Bista , Benjamin Allen , Greg Baxter , Rosemary Booth , Kathryn Reardon-Smith , Vanessa Gorecki , Peter Murray

Hazard reduction burns could pose a significant conservation challenge to threatened habitat specialists, such as koalas Phascolarctos cinereus. This study examines the immediate effects of a medium to hot hazard reduction burn on a small number of koalas occupying a fragmented agricultural area. Three koalas being monitored using GPS telemetry were inadvertently exposed to fire in a small strip of roadside vegetation in an agricultural landscape, providing an unexpected opportunity to assess their immediate responses to the fire. Nearly 81 % of available trees were burnt to some degree, with 31 % of tree foliage scorched up to 10.2 m above the ground. The koalas reduced their home range sizes by 20–54 % post-fire, where two avoided burnt areas while one remained within them. These findings highlight the importance of maintaining unburnt patches and corridors in fragmented landscapes and developing comprehensive conservation plans to mitigate the adverse effects of fire on koalas and other arboreal fauna.

减灾焚烧可能会对考拉（Phascolarctos cinereus）等濒危栖息地专家的保护工作构成重大挑战。本研究探讨了中度到高温的减灾焚烧对占据一片破碎农业区的少量考拉的直接影响。使用 GPS 遥测技术监测的三只考拉无意中暴露在农业景观中一小片路边植被的火灾中，这为评估它们对火灾的即时反应提供了一个意想不到的机会。近 81% 的可利用树木在某种程度上被烧毁，31% 的树叶在离地面 10.2 米处被烧焦。火灾发生后，考拉的家园范围缩小了20-54%，其中两只考拉避开了烧毁区域，而一只考拉则留在了烧毁区域内。这些发现凸显了在支离破碎的地貌中保持未被烧毁的斑块和走廊以及制定综合保护计划以减轻火灾对考拉和其他树栖动物的不利影响的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Wing morphology changes with habitat availability and elevation in an alpine-specialist bird 高山特化鸟类的翅膀形态随栖息地和海拔高度的变化而变化

IF 3.5 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Global Ecology and Conservation

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e03276

Francesco Ceresa , Mattia Brambilla , Laura Kvist , Severino Vitulano , Michele Pes , Laura Tomasi , Paolo Pedrini , Chiara Bettega , Matteo Anderle , Andreas Hilpold , Petra Kranebitter

Intraspecific morphological variation of organisms is known to be influenced by several factors, but the role of habitat availability has been scarcely investigated. Studying bird wing morphology is ideal to explore this topic, given the usually rapid response of birds to environmental changes, but other factors such as sexual dimorphism, habitat structure, climate and elevation need to be considered. Here, we investigated the effects of habitat availability, local climate and elevation on the wing morphology of a high-elevation specialist bird (Montifringilla nivalis), while accounting for sexual dimorphism. We hypothesized that birds relying on less extended suitable areas around their breeding sites show wing traits allowing a more energy-efficient flight, given their need of more frequent and longer movements to find foraging areas in the post-breeding period and the longer dispersal distances. We also expected that individuals breeding at higher elevations show wings traits allowing higher flight efficiency, given the higher hypoxia risk. We derived wing traits (isometric size, pointedness and concavity) by measuring primary feathers of individuals from 7 breeding sites in the European Alps, and we obtained habitat availability from detailed habitat suitability maps. Consistently with the need for a more energy-efficient flight, birds relying on less extended suitable habitat showed larger and more concave wings, and individuals breeding at higher elevations showed more concave wings. Local climate had a less clear effect. The observed patterns may result from local adaptations and could represent one of the ways mountain birds cope with the harsh and unpredictable environment they inhabit.

众所周知，生物的种内形态变异受多种因素的影响，但对栖息地可用性的作用却鲜有研究。鉴于鸟类通常对环境变化反应迅速，研究鸟类翅膀形态是探讨这一主题的理想方法，但还需要考虑其他因素，如性二形、栖息地结构、气候和海拔。在此，我们研究了栖息地可用性、当地气候和海拔高度对高海拔专业鸟类（Montifringilla nivalis）翅膀形态的影响，同时考虑了性双态性。我们假设，由于鸟类在繁殖后期需要更频繁、更长时间的移动来寻找觅食区，并且需要更长的传播距离，因此依赖于繁殖地周围扩展较少的适宜区域的鸟类会表现出更节能的翅膀特征。我们还预计，由于缺氧风险较高，在海拔较高地区繁殖的个体会表现出飞行效率更高的翅膀特征。我们通过测量欧洲阿尔卑斯山7个繁殖地个体的初级羽毛得出了翅膀特征（等距大小、尖度和凹度），并通过详细的栖息地适宜性地图获得了栖息地的可用性。与需要更节能飞行的情况一致，在适宜栖息地范围较小的地方栖息的鸟类翅膀更大、更凹，在海拔较高的地方繁殖的鸟类翅膀更凹。当地气候的影响不太明显。观察到的模式可能是当地适应性的结果，也可能是山区鸟类应对恶劣和不可预测环境的方法之一。

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引用次数: 0

Carbon use efficiency of alpine grasslands affected by grazing exclusion and local environmental context in Tibet, China 中国西藏受放牧排斥和当地环境影响的高寒草地碳利用效率

IF 3.5 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Global Ecology and Conservation

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e03275

Yunfei Feng , Jianshuang Wu , Meng Li , Ben Chen , Minyahel Tilahun , Xianzhou Zhang

Carbon use efficiency (CUE) is essential for understanding how climate change impacts carbon fixation by vegetation across diverse ecosystems globally. However, the effects of anthropogenic efforts, such as ecosystem restoration of degraded grasslands via livestock grazing exclusion with fences on the spatiotemporal variation in CUE under ongoing climate change remain poorly evaluated and understood. In this study, we calculated CUE values for fenced and adjacent grazed alpine grasslands in Tibet, China. We considered soil properties, topographical features, and climate conditions as potential predictors to explain the spatial patterns and temporal dynamics of CUE across these grasslands. Our results showed that the annual mean CUE of fenced vs. grazed grasslands were similar with values of 0.6961 and 0.6956 across the whole plateau. However, the annual CUE of fenced grasslands increased at a faster rate (6.89 × 10⁻⁵ per year) compared to grazed grasslands (0.23 × 10⁻⁵ per year) from 2006 to 2019. CUE also exhibited substantial variation across alpine grassland communities, with the highest values observed in alpine steppe meadows under both fenced and grazed management. Precipitation was identified as the most influential factor controlling the spatial pattern of CUE and showed a significant negative correlation with CUE. Moreover, the presence of fences was found to reduce the sensitivity of CUE to in response to varying precipitation. The effectiveness of fences in enhancing CUE primarily depends on local environmental conditions. Our study sheds light on the interplays between ecological restoration efforts and climate change in shaping the CUE dynamics of alpine grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau and emphasizes the importance of local environmental contexts when programming and implementing restoration projects.

碳利用效率（CUE）对于了解气候变化如何影响全球各种生态系统中植被的碳固定至关重要。然而，人类活动（如通过围栏禁牧来恢复退化草地的生态系统）对持续气候变化下 CUE 时空变化的影响仍缺乏评估和了解。在这项研究中，我们计算了中国西藏围栏和邻近放牧高寒草地的 CUE 值。我们将土壤特性、地形特征和气候条件作为潜在的预测因子，以解释这些草原上 CUE 的空间模式和时间动态。结果表明，在整个高原上，围栏草地与放牧草地的年平均CUE值相似，分别为0.6961和0.6956。然而，从 2006 年到 2019 年，围栏草地的 CUE 年增长率（每年 6.89 × 10-5）比放牧草地（每年 0.23 × 10-5）更快。CUE在不同的高寒草原群落中也表现出很大的差异，围栏和放牧管理下的高寒草原草甸的CUE值最高。降水量被认为是控制 CUE 空间模式的最有影响力的因素，并与 CUE 呈显著负相关。此外，研究还发现围栏的存在降低了 CUE 对不同降水量的敏感性。围栏对提高 CUE 的有效性主要取决于当地的环境条件。我们的研究揭示了青藏高原高寒草地生态恢复工作与气候变化之间的相互作用对CUE动态的影响，并强调了在规划和实施恢复项目时当地环境背景的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

The abundance and sett ecological characteristics of the Asian badger (Meles leucurus) in the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park (NE China) 东北虎豹国家公园亚獾的数量和定居生态特征

IF 3.5 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Global Ecology and Conservation

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e03272

Jiawei Li , Dongrui Li , Yanwen Fu , Yiwen Ma , Jianping Ge , Limin Feng

The sett is a crucial resource for badgers, serving various functions and significantly influencing their spatial ecology. The selection of sett sites is also a complex behavior. While there have been extensive ecological studies on the European badger (Meles meles), little is known about the Asian badger (Meles leucurus), particularly in China, making it difficult to evaluate their current survival status and establish conservation strategies. Therefore, we conducted a pioneering ecological study on the Asian badger, focusing on local population density and habitat selection within the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park, NE China. First, we surveyed badger setts in the study area and set camera traps to capture videos of badgers and estimate the number of individuals. The estimated badger density based on the main sett distribution (1.40 sett /km²) and group size (average of 3.01 ± 1.82 individuals per sett) was 4.21 ± 2.55 badgers /km². Second, we set up random points in the study area and measured 12 habitat factors of 67 random point quadrats and 67 badger sett quadrats to establish which factors affect the habitat selection of badgers. Statistical tests, random forest algorithm, and generalized linear model were used to explain the sett selection criteria of Asian badgers. Statistical tests indicated a highly significant difference in slope (p < 0.01) and a significant difference in tree distance and aspect (p < 0.05) between sett quadrats and random point quadrats. After correction for multiple testing according to Holm, we found that differences in tree distance and aspect lost their statistical significance. However, the random forest algorithm and generalized linear model showed that the selection of sett location was influenced by tree distance, slope, and aspect. We conclude that badgers exhibit a preference for setts located near trees, steep slopes, and orientations facing north and northwest (316–45°). This is the first assessment of the abundance and sett selection of the Asian badger at the local population scale from Chinese nature reserves, providing new insights into the population ecology and habitat selection of the Asian badger in China, and assisting in the development of relevant conservation strategies and management.

定居地是獾的重要资源，具有多种功能，对獾的空间生态有重大影响。选择定居地也是一种复杂的行为。虽然对欧洲獾（Meles meles）进行了大量的生态学研究，但对亚洲獾（Meles leucurus），尤其是中国的亚洲獾知之甚少，因此很难评估其生存现状并制定保护策略。因此，我们对亚洲獾进行了一项开创性的生态学研究，重点研究中国东北虎豹国家公园内亚洲獾的种群密度和栖息地选择。首先，我们调查了研究区内的獾窝，并设置了相机陷阱捕捉獾的视频和估计个体数量。根据主要獾群分布（1.40 个獾群/平方公里）和獾群大小（平均每个獾群 3.01 ± 1.82 只）估算的獾群密度为 4.21 ± 2.55 只/平方公里。其次，我们在研究区域内设置了随机点，并测量了 67 个随机点四分小区和 67 个獾定居点四分小区的 12 个栖息地因子，以确定哪些因素会影响獾的栖息地选择。采用统计检验、随机森林算法和广义线性模型来解释亚洲獾的定居选择标准。统计检验表明，在坡度（p <0.01）和树距及树姿（p <0.05）方面，定居四分位点与随机点四分位点之间存在非常显著的差异。根据 Holm 方法进行多重检验校正后，我们发现树距和树势的差异失去了统计意义。然而，随机森林算法和广义线性模型表明，獾对定居地点的选择受树距、坡度和坡向的影响。我们的结论是，獾对靠近树木、陡坡以及朝北和西北方向（316-45°）的洞穴表现出偏好。这是首次对中国自然保护区内亚洲獾的丰度和定居地选择进行地方种群尺度的评估，为了解中国亚洲獾的种群生态和栖息地选择提供了新的视角，有助于制定相关的保护策略和管理措施。

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引用次数: 0

Temporal beta diversity and community concordance in freshwater fish and benthic macroinvertebrates on a national scale: Does biodiversity change at the same rate? 全国范围内淡水鱼类和底栖大型无脊椎动物的时间贝塔多样性和群落一致性：生物多样性的变化速度相同吗？

IF 3.5 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Global Ecology and Conservation

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e03278

Mi-Jung Bae, Eui-Jin Kim

In this study, we conducted a comprehensive examination of changes in beta diversity over a decade (2009–2019) at 482 sites across five major river basins in South Korea and analyzed the changes in community concordance between freshwater fish and benthic macroinvertebrates. Temporal beta diversity for both fish and macroinvertebrate generally increased across all basins, suggesting continuous changes in their community composition over time. However, the rate and extent of these changes varied substantially among the basins. Moreover, turnover, a measure of species replacement, consistently exceeded nestedness, a measure of species loss or gain. This indicates that species replacement –especially from endemic and anthropogenic disturbance sensitive species to invasive and tolerant species – is the dominant process shaping the observed biodiversity patterns. Furthermore, the degree of similarity between fish and macroinvertebrate communities (i.e., concordance) showed a diverse pattern of changes across the basins, emphasizing that the annual rate of biodiversity change between two communities differs according to the basins. The study's results indicate that species replacements are the dominant force reshaping aquatic communities, with significant implications for ecological resilience and adaptive management. These findings underscore the necessity of continuous biological monitoring and further research incorporating comprehensive environmental data to better understand and mitigate the impacts of environmental changes on biodiversity.

在本研究中，我们对韩国五大河流流域 482 个地点十年间（2009-2019 年）的贝塔多样性变化进行了全面考察，并分析了淡水鱼类与底栖大型无脊椎动物之间群落一致性的变化。在所有流域，鱼类和大型无脊椎动物的时间贝塔多样性普遍增加，这表明它们的群落组成随着时间的推移发生了持续变化。然而，这些变化的速度和程度在各流域之间有很大差异。此外，衡量物种更替的更替率（turnover）一直高于衡量物种增减的嵌套率（nestedness）。这表明，物种更替--特别是从特有物种和对人为干扰敏感的物种更替为入侵物种和耐受物种--是形成所观察到的生物多样性模式的主要过程。此外，鱼类群落和大型无脊椎动物群落之间的相似程度（即一致性）在不同流域呈现出不同的变化模式，这强调了两个群落之间的生物多样性年变化率因流域而异。研究结果表明，物种替换是重塑水生群落的主导力量，对生态恢复能力和适应性管理具有重要影响。这些研究结果突出表明，有必要进行持续的生物监测，并结合全面的环境数据开展进一步研究，以更好地了解和减轻环境变化对生物多样性的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of marsh wetland degradation on the soil nematode community composition and functions in the Songnen Plain, northeastern China 沼泽湿地退化对中国东北松嫩平原土壤线虫群落组成和功能的影响

IF 3.5 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Global Ecology and Conservation

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e03277

Yuzhao Du , Shuhan Yang , Haiyan Dong , Jinbo Li , Qianqian Sun , Yanye Zhong , He Wang , Yining Wu

Wetland degradation is a major threat to global biodiversity. Knowing how soil nematodes respond to wetland degradation can help predict its impact on ecosystem functions. In this study, the impacts of wetland degradation on soil nematodes and the interactions with soil physicochemical characteristics were explored via high-throughput sequencing and network analysis under different degradation degrees. There was a significant decline in the diversity of soil nematode communities with increasing degradation. An increase in degradation was correlated with a higher abundance of Chromadorea and a decrease in the relative abundance of omnivorous-predatory nematodes. This suggests that with wetland degradation, the structure of the soil nematode community becomes less complex, and the nutrient sources for soil nematodes become scarce. Wetlands subjected to varying degrees of degradation exhibited significant alterations in the structure of soil nematode communities. Severe degradation was associated with a pronounced decrease in the Shannon diversity index. Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis indicated that the different degradation levels differed in their impacts on soil nematode communities. Mantel analysis showed that soil pH, soil organic carbon, and total nitrogen play a crucial role in determining soil nematode community structure. Symbiotic network analysis revealed that wetland degradation decreased the number of links in the network of soil nematodes. The modifications to the soil environment induced by wetland degradation are likely to intensify the effects of these factors on the characteristics of soil nematode communities. Consequently, wetland degradation can be assessed and restored by studying the effects of soil nematode communities on the soil.

湿地退化是对全球生物多样性的一大威胁。了解土壤线虫如何应对湿地退化有助于预测湿地退化对生态系统功能的影响。本研究通过高通量测序和网络分析，探讨了不同退化程度下湿地退化对土壤线虫的影响以及与土壤理化特征的相互作用。随着退化程度的增加，土壤线虫群落的多样性明显下降。退化程度的增加与 Chromadorea 的丰度增加和杂食-掠食性线虫相对丰度的降低相关。这表明，随着湿地退化，土壤线虫群落的结构变得不那么复杂，土壤线虫的营养来源也变得稀缺。不同程度退化的湿地表现出土壤线虫群落结构的显著变化。严重退化与香农多样性指数的明显下降有关。非度量多维尺度分析表明，不同的退化程度对土壤线虫群落的影响不同。曼特尔分析表明，土壤 pH 值、土壤有机碳和全氮在决定土壤线虫群落结构中起着关键作用。共生网络分析显示，湿地退化减少了土壤线虫网络中的链接数量。湿地退化引起的土壤环境变化可能会加剧这些因素对土壤线虫群落特征的影响。因此，可以通过研究土壤线虫群落对土壤的影响来评估和恢复湿地退化。

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引用次数: 0

Persistent yet limited impact of protected areas on coastal wetland restoration in megacity cores 保护区对特大城市核心区沿海湿地恢复的持续但有限的影响

IF 3.5 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Global Ecology and Conservation

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e03270

Kai Jia , Ailin Huang , Liming Deng , Xiaoling Yin , Yue Deng , Zhiwei Hou , Zhao Li , Ying Liu , Jie Shen , Ji Yang

Coastal wetlands, vital hubs of economic activities, are under significant pressure, leading to the establishment of protected areas as a crucial conservation tool. Yet, uncertainties remain regarding the long-term effectiveness of these areas, especially in megacity cores subject to intense human disturbances. This study utilized long-term Landsat satellites monitoring to track the annual impact of protected areas on coastal wetland variations in the Guangzhou-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area from 1990 to 2020. Using annual classification datasets featuring 8 land cover/land use types with an average overall accuracy of 94.0±0.4 %, the research identified a significant increase in wetland areas before 2002, followed by a slight decline due to the exploitation of aquaculture and water bodies. Protected areas established for over seven years demonstrated a significantly positive impact on wetland restoration, underscoring the value of long-term conservation efforts. While mangrove protected areas showed strong recovery trends, other wetlands in developing regions continued to decline despite protection. This analysis indicated that the overall benefits of protected areas diminished when considering broader spatial contexts. These insights emphasized the need for adaptive management strategies to enhance the effectiveness of protected areas in urban environment.

沿海湿地是经济活动的重要枢纽，正承受着巨大的压力，因此建立保护区成为一种重要的保护手段。然而，这些保护区的长期有效性仍存在不确定性，尤其是在受到人类强烈干扰的特大城市核心区。本研究利用 Landsat 卫星的长期监测，跟踪 1990 年至 2020 年保护区对广州-香港-澳门大湾区沿海湿地变化的年度影响。研究利用具有 8 种土地覆被/土地利用类型的年度分类数据集（平均总体准确率为 94.0±0.4 %），发现 2002 年之前湿地面积显著增加，随后由于水产养殖和水体开发而略有减少。建立时间超过 7 年的保护区对湿地恢复产生了显著的积极影响，突出了长期保护工作的价值。虽然红树林保护区呈现出强劲的恢复趋势，但发展中地区的其他湿地尽管受到保护，却仍在继续减少。这项分析表明，如果考虑到更广泛的空间背景，保护区的整体效益就会减少。这些见解强调，需要制定适应性管理战略，以提高城市环境中保护区的有效性。

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引用次数: 0