Vehicular Communications最新文献

{"title":"Perceptual data importance and freshness aware transmission in millimeter wave vehicular networks","authors":"Chenyuan He ,&nbsp;Zhouyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Yingfeng Cai ,&nbsp;Hai Wang ,&nbsp;Long Chen ,&nbsp;Fenghua Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.vehcom.2025.100939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vehcom.2025.100939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The extensive sharing of perceptual data between vehicles and between vehicles and roads has significantly enhanced the performance of intelligent transportation system (ITS). The current vehicular networks using sub-6 GHz struggle to meet the demands for high-rate, low-latency, and highly reliable communication. To address this issue, this paper proposes a perceptual data sharing strategy based on millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication technology. This strategy takes into account the characteristics of vehicular perceptual data, i.e., the importance and freshness of the data, and constructs a mixed-integer nonlinear sum-of-ratios optimization problem. To meet the stringent real-time decision-making requirements of vehicular networks, we leverage the transmission slot characteristics of the Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) Medium Access Control (MAC) architecture to transform the nonlinear original problem into a series of approximate integer linear programming (ILP) problems. Then we employ maximum weight matching in graph theory to further reduce computational complexity, enabling the problem to be solved in polynomial time. Additionally, we have designed a brute-force algorithm to ensure the global optimum is achieved, thereby validating the performance of our proposed algorithm. Comparative simulation studies with the brute-force algorithm, the ILP solver, the edge coloring algorithm, our previously developed parameterization-based iterative algorithm (PIA), and the First-Come-First-Serve (FCFS) scheduling scheme verify the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54346,"journal":{"name":"Vehicular Communications","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100939"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geometric Optimisation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Trajectories in Uncertain Environments","authors":"J Akshya ,&nbsp;M Sundarrajan ,&nbsp;S. Amutha ,&nbsp;Rajesh Kumar Dhanaraj ,&nbsp;Adil O. Khadidos ,&nbsp;Alaa O. Khadidos ,&nbsp;Shitharth Selvarajan","doi":"10.1016/j.vehcom.2025.100938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vehcom.2025.100938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The problem of efficient trajectory optimisation for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVS) in dynamic and constrained environments is one where energy efficiency, spatial coverage, and path smoothness need to be balanced. The existing methods, namely RRT*, A*, and Dijkstra, are popular but generally heuristic and do not provide globally optimal solutions. They face significant limitations while dealing with complex geometries, dynamic obstacles, and multi-objective requirements. These challenges call for a mathematically sound framework that seamlessly integrates convex analysis and computational geometry to provide an optimal trajectory planning framework. This research work introduces a convex optimisation framework for UAV trajectory planning which unifies multiple objectives, like minimising energy consumption, maximising spatial coverage, and ensuring the smoothness of the path, into a single convex objective function. More importantly, it indicates that obstacle dynamics and uncertain environmental conditions are handled better by it, so it is relatively easier for safe and efficient navigation. Proven to converge faster and with higher precision than RRT*, A*, and Dijkstra, the approach proposed here enjoys intrinsic convex properties, which ensure global optimality. Qualitative measurements show the efficiency of the proposed framework. The result is energy efficiency of 90%, with 92% coverage, 98% constraint satisfaction, and 95% path smoothness, which is 15-25% better on all metrics than traditional approaches can offer. By bridging between theory in convex optimisation and practice for solving multi-objective problems in a dynamic setting, this study provides a more robust solution for UAV trajectory planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54346,"journal":{"name":"Vehicular Communications","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100938"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rigid communication topologies: Impact on stability, safety, energy consumption, passenger comfort, and robustness of vehicular platoons","authors":"Amir Zakerimanesh ,&nbsp;Tony Zhijun Qiu ,&nbsp;Mahdi Tavakoli","doi":"10.1016/j.vehcom.2025.100936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vehcom.2025.100936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the impact of rigid communication topologies (RCTs) on the performance of vehicular platoons, aiming to identify beneficial features in RCTs that enhance vehicles behavior. Four performance metrics are introduced, focusing on safety, energy consumption, passenger comfort, and robustness of vehicular platoons. The safety metric is based on momentary distances between neighboring vehicles, their relative velocities, and relative accelerations. Thus, to have access to these relative values, the coupled dynamics between pairs of neighboring vehicles are formulated, considering initial conditions (position, velocity, acceleration), the velocity/acceleration trajectory of the leader vehicle, deployed RCT, and the parity/disparity between vehicles. By decoupling the dynamics using a mapping matrix structured on deployed RCT, the features of the vehicles, and control gains, precise formulations for distance errors, relative velocities, and relative accelerations between all neighboring vehicles, over the travel time, are obtained. Comparing performance metric results across RCTs highlights that downstream information transmission—from vehicles ahead, particularly the leader vehicle, to vehicles behind—significantly enhances platoon stability, safety, energy consumption, and passenger comfort metrics. Conversely, receiving state information from vehicles behind degrades metrics, compromising safety, increasing energy consumption, and reducing passenger comfort. These findings underscore that forward-looking, leader-centric communications between vehicles markedly enhance platoon efficiency and safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54346,"journal":{"name":"Vehicular Communications","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100936"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beamforming design and trajectory optimization for integrated sensing and communication supported by multiple UAVs based on DRL","authors":"Zekun Lu,&nbsp;Linbo Zhai,&nbsp;Wenjie Zhou,&nbsp;Kai Xue,&nbsp;Xingxia Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.vehcom.2025.100932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vehcom.2025.100932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid development of Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology and the high flexibility and maneuverability of UAV itself, UAV will play a very important role in the development of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) in the future. In this paper, the communication and sensing system supported by multiple UAVs is studied. And we propose a new ISAC balance mode (BISAC). In this mode, the sensing time is set reasonably according to the number of potential targets (PTs) and sensing requirements while the UAV is communicating with ground equipment (GEs), so as to reduce the interaction between communication and sensing and improve the utilization of resources. We also introduce the Age of Information (AoI) to measure the freshness of GEs' data information in order to reduce the delay. Therefore, our goal is to minimize the Average AoI of GEs by jointly optimizing UAV trajectory, user association, target sensing selection and communication and sensing beamforming while maintaining communication quality and sensing requirements. In order to obtain long-term AoI performance and effectively solve non-convex problems with continuous and discrete variables, we propose a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm based on a combination of deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) and Dueling Double Deep Q networks (D3QN). Continuous and discrete variables in the system are processed by invoking a DDPG and D3QN. Specifically, we have improved DDPG's actor-critic structure by incorporating D3QN, which utilizes the actor portion of DDPG to search for optimal communication and sensing beams. At the same time, the critic part of DDPG is combined with D3QN to select the optimal flight direction of UAV. Simulation results show that the proposed DDPG-D3QN algorithm has better stability, faster convergence rate, and higher reward than existing DRL-based methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54346,"journal":{"name":"Vehicular Communications","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100932"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143911620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"P3AKA: A PUF based privacy preserving authentication and key agreement framework for secure communication in vehicle to grid network","authors":"Prarthana J. Mehta,&nbsp;Balu L. Parne,&nbsp;Sankita J. Patel","doi":"10.1016/j.vehcom.2025.100925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vehcom.2025.100925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A traditional power grid integrates a Smart Grid (SG) technology to reduce greenhouse gases and increase the efficiency of energy transition. The Vehicle to Grid (V2G) is raised and combined with the SG network to fulfill these objectives of the SG technology. The two-way power flow in the V2G technology allows an Electrical Vehicle (EV) to charge its battery and discharge surplus energy back to the power grid through the Charging Stations (CSs). During the energy transfer, an EV shares identity, location, and charging preferences with the CS through an insecure channel. It raises significant security and privacy vulnerabilities for the V2G network. In addition, the EV and CS are situated in an exposed location that may increase the risk of physical attack. Hence, there is a need to preserve the security and privacy of the EV and CS in the V2G network. Moreover, a lightweight security solution is necessary for the resource constrained CS and EV in the V2G network. Several authentication and key agreement protocols were suggested in the literature to overcome the security challenges in the V2G network. However, the existing approaches fail to maintain the session key secrecy and preserve from the physical attack. Thus, we propose a Physically Unclonable Function (PUF) based Privacy Preserving Authentication and Key Agreement (P3AKA) framework for the V2G network using lightweight cryptographic operations. PUF protects the CS and EV from the physical attack and other lightweight cryptographic functions safeguard the network from other security attacks. Security analysis of the proposed P3AKA framework represents that it protects the V2G network from potential security threats such as impersonation, replay, Man-in-The-Middle (MiTM), physical, and machine learning attacks. Further, it ensures user anonymity and non-traceability of the EV user. The formal security verification uses the ROR model and Scyther tool to verify the proposed P3AKA framework. It illustrates that the P3AKA framework successfully provides bidirectional authentication and session key secrecy in the V2G network. In addition, the performance analysis illustrates that the proposed P3AKA framework improves security with competitive overheads compared to existing relevant schemes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54346,"journal":{"name":"Vehicular Communications","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100925"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging reputation for enhanced decision accuracy in vehicle-to-vehicle communications under limited infrastructure","authors":"Dimah Almani ,&nbsp;Tim Muller ,&nbsp;Steven Furnell","doi":"10.1016/j.vehcom.2025.100927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vehcom.2025.100927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) networking enhances transportation safety and efficiency by enabling vehicles to share alerts. However, malicious vehicles may inject false messages, leading to disputes. While certificates help ensure security, Certificate Revocation List (CRLs) may be outdated in low-connectivity areas, making it hard to verify conflicting reports. Reputation systems, using a pre-signature scheme, can aid decision-making even in infrastructure-limited environments.</div><div>In this paper, we provide the mechanisms to use reputation in areas with low/no connectivity, whilst allowing for pseudonymous certificates to verify message authenticity without breaking privacy. The approach is integrated into the existing Security Credential Management System (SCMS), a framework for managing digital certificates for secure V2V communication.</div><div>Our simulations evaluate the security performance of our proposed mechanism, with offline available reputation, against plain SCMS certificate management that rely solely on CRL to block malicious vehicles. The results are achieved by integrating vehicular simulation tools like SUMO, OMNeT++, and Veins, to evaluate the V2V communications in each system under two conditions (Accident and No accident) ensuring a comprehensive system evaluation.</div><div>The proposed scheme improves accuracy in decision-making with conflicting information by 36% in accidents and 44.4% in No-Accident situations in a rural environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54346,"journal":{"name":"Vehicular Communications","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100927"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive UAV-assisted secure and reliable communications based on robust joint trajectory and power control optimization","authors":"Can Wang,&nbsp;Junhong Zhang,&nbsp;Helin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.vehcom.2025.100941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vehcom.2025.100941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cognitive unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication system has emerged as a pivotal technology in addressing the scarcity of spectral resources for UAV communications, but the jamming and eavesdropping attacks are severe due to the high-quality air-to-ground communication links. Consequently, this paper introduces a UAV-enabled cooperative jammer to disrupt the eavesdropping activities of active eavesdroppers by emitting artificial noise. Our objective is to jointly optimize the three-dimensional UAV trajectory and transmit power to maximize the secrecy communication rate under quality of service (QoS) requirement. To tackle the non-convex problem, the block coordinate descent (BCD) and successive convex approximation (SCA) methods are utilized to transform it into an approximate convex problem, and then we design an alternative optimization iterative algorithm to achieve suboptimal but efficient solution. Moreover, we extend the developed algorithm into an imperfect channel state information (CSI) scenario to maximize the worst-case secrecy rate by jointly optimizing the robust UAV's trajectory and transmit power, where the location uncertainties of ground primary, secondary, and eavesdropping devices are considered. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed joint optimization algorithm significantly enhances system secrecy performance under different real-world settings compared to existing state-of-the-art algorithms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54346,"journal":{"name":"Vehicular Communications","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100941"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UAV-supported communication: Current and prospective solutions","authors":"Moayad Aloqaily ,&nbsp;Ouns Bouachir ,&nbsp;Ismaeel Al Ridhawi","doi":"10.1016/j.vehcom.2025.100923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vehcom.2025.100923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The advancement in wireless communication has significantly resulted in unprecedented new applications and services. This, coupled with Next-Generation Networking (NGN) and the recent advances in cellular communication and networking, predominantly the Fifth-Generation (5G) network, has resulted in the rise of new technological solutions. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is one such solution that has evolved from its traditional usage in military and civilian applications, towards new and innovative solutions that provide support to wireless communication and networking. With advances in their processing and communication capabilities, UAVs are now supporting both core and edge networks to deliver services to end-users in a reliable and fast manner. The synergy and collective collaboration between UAVs and continuously evolving and progressing technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and blockchain are reshaping the landscape of wireless communication and networking, enabling more robust, secure and adaptable systems that transcend traditional limitations. In this article, we explore various collaborative solutions that leverage UAV communication and networks that not only bolster communication between mobile nodes and the core network but also reinforce the edge computing infrastructure. This reinforcement enables scalable data storage and intelligent processing to elevate end-user services and applications. Additionally, we address the obstacles, concerns, and future pathways concerning UAV-supported NGNs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54346,"journal":{"name":"Vehicular Communications","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100923"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143941713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DAME-IoV: Dynamic Adaptive Multi-Edge authentication protocol with post-quantum security for Internet of Vehicles","authors":"Iftikhar Rasheed ,&nbsp;Hala Mostafa","doi":"10.1016/j.vehcom.2025.100933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vehcom.2025.100933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) faces increasing security challenges with the advent of quantum computing, which threatens traditional cryptographic protocols while demanding efficient authentication mechanisms for large-scale vehicle networks. This paper presents DAME-IoV, a Dynamic Adaptive Multi-Edge authentication protocol that provides post-quantum security while leveraging edge computing capabilities for enhanced performance. Our framework introduces three key innovations: (1) a lightweight post-quantum authentication scheme optimized for vehicular networks, featuring lattice-based cryptography with dynamic parameter adjustment; (2) an adaptive security mechanism that dynamically adjusts protection levels based on real-time threat assessment and resource availability; and (3) an efficient edge-assisted processing architecture that enables scalable authentication through intelligent caching and batch verification. We provide formal security proofs demonstrating the protocol's resistance to quantum attacks while maintaining conditional privacy preservation. Extensive experimental evaluation on a prototype implementation shows that DAME-IoV achieves 45% lower computational overhead, 35% reduced memory footprint, and 40% better scaling efficiency compared to existing solutions. Performance analysis under various network conditions demonstrates that our framework maintains authentication latency below 50 ms while supporting over 1000 concurrent vehicle requests. The proposed solution successfully addresses the critical challenges of post-quantum security, scalability, and efficiency in IoV environments, providing a practical foundation for securing next-generation vehicular networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54346,"journal":{"name":"Vehicular Communications","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100933"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal coordinated platoon lane change in highways with mixed traffic","authors":"Fernando V. Monteiro ,&nbsp;Ketan Savla ,&nbsp;Petros Ioannou","doi":"10.1016/j.vehcom.2025.100924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vehcom.2025.100924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the field of connected autonomous vehicles, platoons - where vehicles closely follow one another - have shown promising results in enhancing safety, traffic flow, and fuel efficiency. This study addresses the unique challenges of platoon lane changes, where multiple platoon vehicles have lane change intention and must remain together after the maneuver is completed. We focus on highway environments because many studies have highlighted the advantages of platooning in these settings. We leverage an offline controller synthesis approach to deal with the combinatorial problem of choosing a strategy. Building on concepts from symbolic optimal control, we represent the problem using a weighted directed acyclic graph where nodes are quantized state vectors, edge weights are costs to transition between nodes, and the shortest path solutions represent the optimal platoon lane change strategies. We use a Cached Branch-and-Bound Depth-First Search algorithm to solve the offline control problem due to its anytime capability and low memory requirements. This approach provides real-time decision making and guarantees maneuver success while minimizing completion time or control effort. Previous works either required control of all vehicles on the road, making them inadequate for mixed-traffic scenarios, or fixed the order in which platoon vehicles change lanes, disregarding the current state of surrounding vehicles and maneuver costs. Our framework can describe all previously proposed methods, relies only on cooperation between platoon vehicles, allows for optimization, and produces solutions whose costs decrease as the allowed computational time increases. We employ the VISSIM traffic simulator to compare our approach to the state of the art. The experiments show that we obtain an increase of 13% in the maneuver completion rate along with a decrease of around 15% to 20% in the maneuver completion time and distance traveled to complete the lane change at the cost of an average increase of 2% to 17% in the longitudinal control effort. This trade-off is a direct consequence of having the platoon occupy suitable lane-changing spaces as soon as possible, and this myopic behavior is necessary when there is no information about the future movements of human-driven vehicles. Moreover, the experiments indicate that our approach yields a sharp decrease in cost in relatively short computational times. These results emphasize the potential for deployment of the proposed method in mixed-traffic highway scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54346,"journal":{"name":"Vehicular Communications","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100924"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}