Poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK), a biomaterial renowned for its mechanical prowess and biocompatibility, is increasingly preferred for medical implants. Its natural bone-like mechanical property, ease of manipulation, and ability to mitigate stress shielding render it a standout replacement for titanium in dental implantology. Adding carbon fiber and graphene to PEEK can further enhance the mechanical properties of PEEK. However, the biological passivity of PEEK hampers its efficacy in bone repair, driving spurring research into surface modifications to enhance its bioactivity. Incorporating metal, inorganic, and organic antimicrobial agents is anticipated to bolster PEEK’s resistance to bacteria, thereby reducing the risk of acute postoperative infections and peri-implantitis. Apart from its antimicrobial activity, researchers have also investigated methods to enhance the osteogenic properties of PEEK. These approaches include surface modification and blending modification. Surface modification includes physical modification, chemical modification, and biologically active substance modification. These methods can further enhance the implant integration and durability, potentially improving patient outcomes. This overview examines PEEK’s processing techniques and highlights recent research achievements in improving its biomechanical, antibacterial, and osteogenic properties. Considering these strides, we argue that modified PEEK holds significant promise as a material for dental implants, charting an encouraging course for its clinical future.
{"title":"Modification of PEEK for implants: Strategies to improve mechanical, antibacterial, and osteogenic properties","authors":"Menghao Chen, Chengfeng Luo, Ying Yuan, Hao Zhou, Zhanglong Li, Qiang Wang, Baijuan Gong, Zhimin Li, Hongchen Sun","doi":"10.1515/rams-2024-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/rams-2024-0025","url":null,"abstract":"Poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK), a biomaterial renowned for its mechanical prowess and biocompatibility, is increasingly preferred for medical implants. Its natural bone-like mechanical property, ease of manipulation, and ability to mitigate stress shielding render it a standout replacement for titanium in dental implantology. Adding carbon fiber and graphene to PEEK can further enhance the mechanical properties of PEEK. However, the biological passivity of PEEK hampers its efficacy in bone repair, driving spurring research into surface modifications to enhance its bioactivity. Incorporating metal, inorganic, and organic antimicrobial agents is anticipated to bolster PEEK’s resistance to bacteria, thereby reducing the risk of acute postoperative infections and peri-implantitis. Apart from its antimicrobial activity, researchers have also investigated methods to enhance the osteogenic properties of PEEK. These approaches include surface modification and blending modification. Surface modification includes physical modification, chemical modification, and biologically active substance modification. These methods can further enhance the implant integration and durability, potentially improving patient outcomes. This overview examines PEEK’s processing techniques and highlights recent research achievements in improving its biomechanical, antibacterial, and osteogenic properties. Considering these strides, we argue that modified PEEK holds significant promise as a material for dental implants, charting an encouraging course for its clinical future.","PeriodicalId":54484,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on Advanced Materials Science","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141197818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Monitoring the stress of steel strands, from initial tension to eventual failure, is paramount for assessing structural safety and understanding its failure mechanism. Current monitoring methods are restricted in measuring stress only until yielding because of their limited range. This study proposes a novel coaxial strain-sensing cable (CSSC) based intelligent steel strand (CSSC-ISS), which has both functions of force-bearing and self-sensing. First, the prototype design of CSSC-ISS and the sensing principle of CSSC are introduced. Then, a fabrication method of small-diameter CSSC is proposed, which is then encapsulated with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) material, forming a GFRP sensing rod (GFRP-SR). The next step involves replacing the strand’s central wire with the GFRP-SR, culminating in the creation of the CSSC-ISS. Finally, Laboratory tests show that the CSSC has excellent strain-sensing performance with a resolution of at least 100 µε and a measurement range of 150,000 µε. The GFRP-SR offers good sensing potential and comparable mechanical strength to standard GFRP rods. Notably, the CSSC-ISS could measure stress up to strand failure, retaining 87.9% tensile strength and 88.7% elastic modulus compared to standard steel strands. It is verified that the CSSC-ISS can consistently measure its stress condition throughout its life cycle without compromising its load-bearing potential.
{"title":"Development and characterization of a coaxial strain-sensing cable integrated steel strand for wide-range stress monitoring","authors":"Tong Jiao, Chuhong Pu, Qiang Xu, Minggao Tang, Xing Zhu, Chuankun Liu, Jiang Li","doi":"10.1515/rams-2023-0165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/rams-2023-0165","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring the stress of steel strands, from initial tension to eventual failure, is paramount for assessing structural safety and understanding its failure mechanism. Current monitoring methods are restricted in measuring stress only until yielding because of their limited range. This study proposes a novel coaxial strain-sensing cable (CSSC) based intelligent steel strand (CSSC-ISS), which has both functions of force-bearing and self-sensing. First, the prototype design of CSSC-ISS and the sensing principle of CSSC are introduced. Then, a fabrication method of small-diameter CSSC is proposed, which is then encapsulated with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) material, forming a GFRP sensing rod (GFRP-SR). The next step involves replacing the strand’s central wire with the GFRP-SR, culminating in the creation of the CSSC-ISS. Finally, Laboratory tests show that the CSSC has excellent strain-sensing performance with a resolution of at least 100 µε and a measurement range of 150,000 µε. The GFRP-SR offers good sensing potential and comparable mechanical strength to standard GFRP rods. Notably, the CSSC-ISS could measure stress up to strand failure, retaining 87.9% tensile strength and 88.7% elastic modulus compared to standard steel strands. It is verified that the CSSC-ISS can consistently measure its stress condition throughout its life cycle without compromising its load-bearing potential.","PeriodicalId":54484,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on Advanced Materials Science","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141149909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yajun Liu, Zhilong Zhao, Muhammad Nasir Amin, Bilal Ahmed, Kaffayatullah Khan, Siyab Ul Arifeen, Fadi Althoey
Foam concrete or foamcrete is a lightweight, porous material with a wide range of applications in the construction domain. This article focused on reviewing porosity, thermal conductivity, acoustic properties, compressive strength (fc′), elastic modulus (E), flexural strength (fy), stability, resistance to hostile environments, density, and fire resistance of foam concrete. A systematic literature analysis was conducted to identify relevant research trends on foam concrete. The challenges and limitations of foam concrete research were highlighted, including the lack of standardized testing methods and the need for more research on the long-term durability and structural performance of foam concrete. The analysis of the literature data revealed that there had been a growing interest in foamcrete research over the past decade. Foam concrete may be utilized in several construction applications due to its adaptability and wide range of uses. Its potential uses can be increased by developing new manufacturing methods and the inclusion of certain admixtures. The present research has the potential to be advantageous for scholars interested in collaborative advancement and the exchange of novel tactics and concepts, owing to the visual and statistical representation of the regions/countries and researchers that have contributed.
{"title":"Foam concrete for lightweight construction applications: A comprehensive review of the research development and material characteristics","authors":"Yajun Liu, Zhilong Zhao, Muhammad Nasir Amin, Bilal Ahmed, Kaffayatullah Khan, Siyab Ul Arifeen, Fadi Althoey","doi":"10.1515/rams-2024-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/rams-2024-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Foam concrete or foamcrete is a lightweight, porous material with a wide range of applications in the construction domain. This article focused on reviewing porosity, thermal conductivity, acoustic properties, compressive strength (<jats:italic>f</jats:italic> <jats:sub>c</jats:sub>′), elastic modulus (<jats:italic>E</jats:italic>), flexural strength (<jats:italic>f</jats:italic> <jats:sub>y</jats:sub>), stability, resistance to hostile environments, density, and fire resistance of foam concrete. A systematic literature analysis was conducted to identify relevant research trends on foam concrete. The challenges and limitations of foam concrete research were highlighted, including the lack of standardized testing methods and the need for more research on the long-term durability and structural performance of foam concrete. The analysis of the literature data revealed that there had been a growing interest in foamcrete research over the past decade. Foam concrete may be utilized in several construction applications due to its adaptability and wide range of uses. Its potential uses can be increased by developing new manufacturing methods and the inclusion of certain admixtures. The present research has the potential to be advantageous for scholars interested in collaborative advancement and the exchange of novel tactics and concepts, owing to the visual and statistical representation of the regions/countries and researchers that have contributed.","PeriodicalId":54484,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on Advanced Materials Science","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141062452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haider Raza, Sohail Farooq, Sobia Sattar, Sadique Rehman, Aamir Farooq, Muhammad Kamran, Mansoor Alshehri, Nehad Ali Shah
Recently, experts have become particularly interested in the treatment of disorders caused by magnesium shortage. Hypomagnesemia is produced by a magnesium deficit in the blood, which is an additional stimulation for different diseases such as vomiting, drowsiness, nausea, loss of appetite, and so on. To compensate for this shortage, magnesium is injected as a nanoparticle in the blood (base fluid). The properties of these magnesium nanoparticles specifically their size, dispersion, and surface characteristics are crucial for optimizing their bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. Advanced material characterization techniques ensure the stability and enhanced performance of these nanoparticles in the physiological environment. Based on these applications, the current research aims to address magnesium deficiency via Powell–Eyring nanofluid flow distorted by the linearly stretchable sheet in the region of the stagnation point. Linear thermal stratification, viscous dissipation, and Joule heating are used to reveal the heat transport features. The magnetic field is applied to the nanofluid at an angle α to further control the fluid dynamics and nanoparticle behavior. Transformations are used to create a set of dimensionless governing equations. Comparative graphs are used to explain the physical behaviors of temperature and velocity fields, demonstrating how material properties impact fluid dynamics. The well-known convergence method (homotopy analysis method) is used to solve the model by comparing graphs.
{"title":"Melting phenomenon of thermally stratified MHD Powell–Eyring nanofluid with variable porosity past a stretching Riga plate","authors":"Haider Raza, Sohail Farooq, Sobia Sattar, Sadique Rehman, Aamir Farooq, Muhammad Kamran, Mansoor Alshehri, Nehad Ali Shah","doi":"10.1515/rams-2024-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/rams-2024-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, experts have become particularly interested in the treatment of disorders caused by magnesium shortage. Hypomagnesemia is produced by a magnesium deficit in the blood, which is an additional stimulation for different diseases such as vomiting, drowsiness, nausea, loss of appetite, and so on. To compensate for this shortage, magnesium is injected as a nanoparticle in the blood (base fluid). The properties of these magnesium nanoparticles specifically their size, dispersion, and surface characteristics are crucial for optimizing their bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. Advanced material characterization techniques ensure the stability and enhanced performance of these nanoparticles in the physiological environment. Based on these applications, the current research aims to address magnesium deficiency <jats:italic>via</jats:italic> Powell–Eyring nanofluid flow distorted by the linearly stretchable sheet in the region of the stagnation point. Linear thermal stratification, viscous dissipation, and Joule heating are used to reveal the heat transport features. The magnetic field is applied to the nanofluid at an angle <jats:italic>α</jats:italic> to further control the fluid dynamics and nanoparticle behavior. Transformations are used to create a set of dimensionless governing equations. Comparative graphs are used to explain the physical behaviors of temperature and velocity fields, demonstrating how material properties impact fluid dynamics. The well-known convergence method (homotopy analysis method) is used to solve the model by comparing graphs.","PeriodicalId":54484,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on Advanced Materials Science","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141062487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiong Tian, Yijun Lu, Ji Zhou, Shutong Song, Liming Yang, Tao Cheng, Jiandong Huang
Marble cement (MC) is a new binding material for concrete, and the strength assessment of the resulting materials is the subject of this investigation. MC was tested in combination with rice husk ash (RHA) and fly ash (FA) to uncover its full potential. Machine learning (ML) algorithms can help with the formulation of better MC-based concrete. ML models that could predict the compressive strength (CS) of MC-based concrete that contained FA and RHA were built. Gene expression programming (GEP) and multi-expression programming (MEP) were used to build these models. Additionally, models were evaluated by calculating R2 values, carrying out statistical tests, creating Taylor’s diagram, and comparing theoretical and experimental readings. When comparing the MEP and GEP models, MEP yielded a slightly better-fitted model and better prediction performance (R2 = 0.96, mean absolute error = 0.646, root mean square error = 0.900, and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency = 0.960). According to the sensitivity analysis, the prediction of CS was most affected by curing age and MC content, then by FA and RHA contents. Incorporating waste materials such as marble powder, RHA, and FA into building materials can help reduce environmental impacts and encourage sustainable development.
大理石水泥（MC）是一种用于混凝土的新型粘结材料，本研究的主题是对由此产生的材料进行强度评估。我们对大理石水泥与稻壳灰（RHA）和粉煤灰（FA）的组合进行了测试，以充分挖掘其潜力。机器学习（ML）算法有助于更好地配制基于 MC 的混凝土。建立的 ML 模型可以预测含有 FA 和 RHA 的 MC 混凝土的抗压强度（CS）。基因表达编程（GEP）和多重表达编程（MEP）被用于建立这些模型。此外，还通过计算 R 2 值、进行统计测试、绘制泰勒图以及比较理论和实验读数对模型进行了评估。在对 MEP 和 GEP 模型进行比较时，MEP 得出的模型拟合度稍高，预测性能更好（R 2 = 0.96，平均绝对误差 = 0.646，均方根误差 = 0.900，纳什-苏特克利夫效率 = 0.960）。根据敏感性分析，CS 的预测受固化龄期和 MC 含量的影响最大，其次是 FA 和 RHA 含量。将大理石粉、RHA 和 FA 等废弃材料纳入建筑材料有助于减少对环境的影响，促进可持续发展。
{"title":"Compressive strength of waste-derived cementitious composites using machine learning","authors":"Qiong Tian, Yijun Lu, Ji Zhou, Shutong Song, Liming Yang, Tao Cheng, Jiandong Huang","doi":"10.1515/rams-2024-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/rams-2024-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Marble cement (MC) is a new binding material for concrete, and the strength assessment of the resulting materials is the subject of this investigation. MC was tested in combination with rice husk ash (RHA) and fly ash (FA) to uncover its full potential. Machine learning (ML) algorithms can help with the formulation of better MC-based concrete. ML models that could predict the compressive strength (CS) of MC-based concrete that contained FA and RHA were built. Gene expression programming (GEP) and multi-expression programming (MEP) were used to build these models. Additionally, models were evaluated by calculating <jats:italic>R</jats:italic> <jats:sup>2</jats:sup> values, carrying out statistical tests, creating Taylor’s diagram, and comparing theoretical and experimental readings. When comparing the MEP and GEP models, MEP yielded a slightly better-fitted model and better prediction performance (<jats:italic>R</jats:italic> <jats:sup>2</jats:sup> = 0.96, mean absolute error = 0.646, root mean square error = 0.900, and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency = 0.960). According to the sensitivity analysis, the prediction of CS was most affected by curing age and MC content, then by FA and RHA contents. Incorporating waste materials such as marble powder, RHA, and FA into building materials can help reduce environmental impacts and encourage sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":54484,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on Advanced Materials Science","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141062477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chuangmin Li, Shuaibing Yi, Qinhao Deng, Youwei Gan, Zhangyong Hu
A composite-modified asphalt was developed by incorporating tire pyrolytic carbon black (TPCB) with a silane coupling agent (SCA) to enhance its ductility and storage stability. The functional binding between asphalt and TPCB was improved by the addition of SCA. The gray correlation comprehensive evaluation method is incorporated into the response surface methodology (RSM), leading to an improved RSM. The improved RSM was employed to optimize the content of the modifier and the preparation process to enhance overall performance. A central composite design-based experiment was conducted to optimize the penetration, softening point, 10°C ductility, Brookfield rotational viscosity, and storage stability indicators of modified asphalt. The response surface of the gray comprehensive evaluation value of the evaluation indicators was calculated using the gray correlation analysis method, and a second-order regression model was established between independent variables such as TPCB, SCA content, and shear time factor and the gray comprehensive evaluation value. This model analyzed the impact of a single variable and variable interaction on the performance of the TPCB/SCA composite-modified asphalt. The optimized model results showed that the preparation parameters that optimize the expected comprehensive performance of the composite-modified asphalt are 9.2% TPCB content, 2.1% SCA content, and a shear time of 56.3 min. Finally, the TPCB/SCA composite-modified asphalt prepared with the improved RSM exhibited the highest gray comprehensive evaluation value and the best overall performance, indicating the feasibility of the optimized preparation parameters with the improved RSM.
{"title":"Optimizing the performance of TPCB/SCA composite-modified asphalt using improved response surface methodology","authors":"Chuangmin Li, Shuaibing Yi, Qinhao Deng, Youwei Gan, Zhangyong Hu","doi":"10.1515/rams-2023-0182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/rams-2023-0182","url":null,"abstract":"A composite-modified asphalt was developed by incorporating tire pyrolytic carbon black (TPCB) with a silane coupling agent (SCA) to enhance its ductility and storage stability. The functional binding between asphalt and TPCB was improved by the addition of SCA. The gray correlation comprehensive evaluation method is incorporated into the response surface methodology (RSM), leading to an improved RSM. The improved RSM was employed to optimize the content of the modifier and the preparation process to enhance overall performance. A central composite design-based experiment was conducted to optimize the penetration, softening point, 10°C ductility, Brookfield rotational viscosity, and storage stability indicators of modified asphalt. The response surface of the gray comprehensive evaluation value of the evaluation indicators was calculated using the gray correlation analysis method, and a second-order regression model was established between independent variables such as TPCB, SCA content, and shear time factor and the gray comprehensive evaluation value. This model analyzed the impact of a single variable and variable interaction on the performance of the TPCB/SCA composite-modified asphalt. The optimized model results showed that the preparation parameters that optimize the expected comprehensive performance of the composite-modified asphalt are 9.2% TPCB content, 2.1% SCA content, and a shear time of 56.3 min. Finally, the TPCB/SCA composite-modified asphalt prepared with the improved RSM exhibited the highest gray comprehensive evaluation value and the best overall performance, indicating the feasibility of the optimized preparation parameters with the improved RSM.","PeriodicalId":54484,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on Advanced Materials Science","volume":"170 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141062479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alfonso Cobo Escamilla, Purificación Bautiste Villanueva, María Isabel Prieto Barrio, María de las Nieves González García, Analía Vázquez Bouzón
The number of studies aimed at the characterization of reinforced lime-based mortars for use in the rehabilitation of historic buildings is still very small. This fact contrasts with the growing interest of the industry in these products as substitutes for cement mortars, both for their constructive advantages (compatibility requirements) and their lower cost (economic and environmental). For this reason, this study investigates the effect of basalt fiber length on the physical, mechanical, and durability properties of reinforced natural hydraulic lime mortars and provides criteria for selecting optical blends to meet the various performance requirements for their use as building materials for traditional and contemporary structures. Specimens with 1% volume of basalt fibers and lengths of 6, 12, 18, and 24 mm have been tested. The results in fresh mortar show that increasing the fiber length decreases the consistency and bulk density, as well as increases the air content. Regarding the durability properties of hardened mortar, no direct relationship is observed between fiber length and the decrease in the water absorption coefficient of reinforced mortars. Nor is there a clear relationship between fiber length and the increase in Shore hardness and the decrease in adhesive strength in the reinforced mortars. On the contrary, for small lengths (up to 12 mm), there is a direct relationship between fiber length and the increase in other fundamental mechanical properties such as flexural and compressive strength. Based on the results obtained, a predictive model is proposed to determine the amplification factor of flexural and compressive strength as a function of fiber length.
{"title":"Effect of basalt fiber length on the behavior of natural hydraulic lime-based mortars","authors":"Alfonso Cobo Escamilla, Purificación Bautiste Villanueva, María Isabel Prieto Barrio, María de las Nieves González García, Analía Vázquez Bouzón","doi":"10.1515/rams-2023-0191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/rams-2023-0191","url":null,"abstract":"The number of studies aimed at the characterization of reinforced lime-based mortars for use in the rehabilitation of historic buildings is still very small. This fact contrasts with the growing interest of the industry in these products as substitutes for cement mortars, both for their constructive advantages (compatibility requirements) and their lower cost (economic and environmental). For this reason, this study investigates the effect of basalt fiber length on the physical, mechanical, and durability properties of reinforced natural hydraulic lime mortars and provides criteria for selecting optical blends to meet the various performance requirements for their use as building materials for traditional and contemporary structures. Specimens with 1% volume of basalt fibers and lengths of 6, 12, 18, and 24 mm have been tested. The results in fresh mortar show that increasing the fiber length decreases the consistency and bulk density, as well as increases the air content. Regarding the durability properties of hardened mortar, no direct relationship is observed between fiber length and the decrease in the water absorption coefficient of reinforced mortars. Nor is there a clear relationship between fiber length and the increase in Shore hardness and the decrease in adhesive strength in the reinforced mortars. On the contrary, for small lengths (up to 12 mm), there is a direct relationship between fiber length and the increase in other fundamental mechanical properties such as flexural and compressive strength. Based on the results obtained, a predictive model is proposed to determine the amplification factor of flexural and compressive strength as a function of fiber length.","PeriodicalId":54484,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on Advanced Materials Science","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140927057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ghfren S. Aloraini, Mona Othman I. Albureikan, Aisha M. A. Shahlol, Taghreed Shamrani, Hussam Daghistani, Mohammad El-Nablaway, Nagwa A. Tharwat, Ahmed M. Elazzazy, Ahmed F. Basyony, Ahmed Ghareeb
Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are gaining interest as alternatives to chemical antioxidants and pharmaceuticals. This study mines the promising biomedical and antimicrobial potential of a marine bacterium, a prolific EPS producer, isolated from the Red Sea. Pseudomonas sp. strain AHG22 generated an EPS weighing 6.98 g·L−1, coded EPSF8, subjected to FT-IR and HPLC chemical analysis. EPSF8 was then investigated for antioxidant assessment by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), H2O2, ABTS˙ + , nitric oxide, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). EPSF8 had an IC50 of 46.99 μg·mL−1 in the DPPH antioxidant assay and antioxidant capacities of 219.45 μg·mg−1 ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE) in the TAC assay and 54.15 μg·mg−1 AAE in the FRAP assay. The in vitro anti-inflammatory effect of EPSF8 was tested against 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzymes and compared with the drugs ibuprofen and celecoxib used as controls. The IC50 values of 5-LOX, COX-2, ibuprofen, and celecoxib were found to be 14.82, 15.49, 1.5, and 0.28 μg·mL−1, respectively. Additionally, EPSF8 revealed antidiabetic activity toward α-amylase and α-glucosidase, and the IC50 values were 93.1 and 127.28 μg·mL−1, compared to those of acarbose (50.93 and 4.13 μg·mL−1, respectively). Anti-obesity activity of EPSF8 by lipase inhibition revealed IC50 = 56.12 μg·mL−1 compared to orlistat (IC50 = 20.08 μg·mL−1) as a control. EPSF8 displayed antibiofilm and bactericidal activity against Gram-positive (G +ve) and Gram-negative (G −ve) ATCC pathogenic bacterial strains. It had a minimum bactericidal concentration/minimum inhibitory concentration ratio ≤2, indicating a broad bactericidal spectrum. Furthermore, EPSF8 is evidenced to have a promising anti-butyrylcholinesterase activity for the control of Alzheimer’s disease. The findings of the present analysis suggest that the isolated Pseudomonas sp. strain AHG22 EPS can potentially be explored as a promising green therapeutic compound.
{"title":"Biomedical and therapeutic potential of marine-derived Pseudomonas sp. strain AHG22 exopolysaccharide: A novel bioactive microbial metabolite","authors":"Ghfren S. Aloraini, Mona Othman I. Albureikan, Aisha M. A. Shahlol, Taghreed Shamrani, Hussam Daghistani, Mohammad El-Nablaway, Nagwa A. Tharwat, Ahmed M. Elazzazy, Ahmed F. Basyony, Ahmed Ghareeb","doi":"10.1515/rams-2024-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/rams-2024-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are gaining interest as alternatives to chemical antioxidants and pharmaceuticals. This study mines the promising biomedical and antimicrobial potential of a marine bacterium, a prolific EPS producer, isolated from the Red Sea. <jats:italic>Pseudomonas</jats:italic> sp. strain AHG22 generated an EPS weighing 6.98 g·L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>, coded EPSF8, subjected to FT-IR and HPLC chemical analysis. EPSF8 was then investigated for antioxidant assessment by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>, ABTS˙<jats:sup> + </jats:sup>, nitric oxide, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). EPSF8 had an IC<jats:sub>50</jats:sub> of 46.99 μg·mL<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> in the DPPH antioxidant assay and antioxidant capacities of 219.45 μg·mg<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE) in the TAC assay and 54.15 μg·mg<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> AAE in the FRAP assay. The <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> anti-inflammatory effect of EPSF8 was tested against 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzymes and compared with the drugs ibuprofen and celecoxib used as controls. The IC<jats:sub>50</jats:sub> values of 5-LOX, COX-2, ibuprofen, and celecoxib were found to be 14.82, 15.49, 1.5, and 0.28 μg·mL<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>, respectively. Additionally, EPSF8 revealed antidiabetic activity toward α-amylase and α-glucosidase, and the IC<jats:sub>50</jats:sub> values were 93.1 and 127.28 μg·mL<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>, compared to those of acarbose (50.93 and 4.13 μg·mL<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>, respectively). Anti-obesity activity of EPSF8 by lipase inhibition revealed IC<jats:sub>50</jats:sub> = 56.12 μg·mL<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> compared to orlistat (IC<jats:sub>50</jats:sub> = 20.08 μg·mL<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) as a control. EPSF8 displayed antibiofilm and bactericidal activity against Gram-positive (G +ve) and Gram-negative (G −ve) ATCC pathogenic bacterial strains. It had a minimum bactericidal concentration/minimum inhibitory concentration ratio ≤2, indicating a broad bactericidal spectrum. Furthermore, EPSF8 is evidenced to have a promising anti-butyrylcholinesterase activity for the control of Alzheimer’s disease. The findings of the present analysis suggest that the isolated <jats:italic>Pseudomonas</jats:italic> sp. strain AHG22 EPS can potentially be explored as a promising green therapeutic compound.","PeriodicalId":54484,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on Advanced Materials Science","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140926990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chuangmin Li, Lubiao Liu, Youwei Gan, Qinhao Deng, Shuaibing Yi
This research focuses on the aging resistance properties of asphalt, which are crucial for determining the lifespan of asphalt pavement. To combat aging, waste tire pyrolysis oil (TPO) is often added to asphalt, enhancing its resistance to aging but compromising high-temperature performance. This study offered a pioneering solution by integrating TPO with polyphosphoric acid (PPA) to address these issues. In this study, we conducted a series of tests to characterize the properties of PPA/TPO modified asphalt, including temperature sweep and bending beam rheometer tests. The results demonstrated that the presence of PPA in the PPA/TPO modified asphalt could improve its high-temperature performance while maintaining its low-temperature properties. Moreover, PPA in the PPA/TPO modified asphalt enhanced the modified asphalt’s resistance to fatigue and deformation during the aging process, while the presence of TPO effectively reduced the impact of thermo-oxidative aging on the modified asphalt during the aging process. Additionally, physicochemical interactions between the base asphalt and modifiers were observed before and after aging. In summary, this study had offered an innovative method to enhance the anti-aging properties of asphalt, and had provided more options for sustainable, environmentally friendly roads.
{"title":"Investigating the anti-aging properties of asphalt modified with polyphosphoric acid and tire pyrolysis oil","authors":"Chuangmin Li, Lubiao Liu, Youwei Gan, Qinhao Deng, Shuaibing Yi","doi":"10.1515/rams-2024-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/rams-2024-0017","url":null,"abstract":"This research focuses on the aging resistance properties of asphalt, which are crucial for determining the lifespan of asphalt pavement. To combat aging, waste tire pyrolysis oil (TPO) is often added to asphalt, enhancing its resistance to aging but compromising high-temperature performance. This study offered a pioneering solution by integrating TPO with polyphosphoric acid (PPA) to address these issues. In this study, we conducted a series of tests to characterize the properties of PPA/TPO modified asphalt, including temperature sweep and bending beam rheometer tests. The results demonstrated that the presence of PPA in the PPA/TPO modified asphalt could improve its high-temperature performance while maintaining its low-temperature properties. Moreover, PPA in the PPA/TPO modified asphalt enhanced the modified asphalt’s resistance to fatigue and deformation during the aging process, while the presence of TPO effectively reduced the impact of thermo-oxidative aging on the modified asphalt during the aging process. Additionally, physicochemical interactions between the base asphalt and modifiers were observed before and after aging. In summary, this study had offered an innovative method to enhance the anti-aging properties of asphalt, and had provided more options for sustainable, environmentally friendly roads.","PeriodicalId":54484,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on Advanced Materials Science","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140927060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, unbalanced direct current magnetron sputtering was employed to develop TiBCN coatings on Si (100) wafers. The carbon (C) concentration was varied to manipulate the phase structure and mechanical properties of the coatings. The coatings were analyzed using Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and nanoindentation. The results revealed that the TiBCN-2 coating, with a C concentration of 4.4 at.%, exhibited optimal hardness and elastic modulus values of 33 and 291 GPa, respectively. On the other hand, as the C content increased from 4.4 to 24.4 at.%, the hardness and elastic modulus values of the coatings decreased to 21 and 225 GPa, respectively, due to the formation of boron nitride and carbon phases within the coating matrix. Therefore, the inclusion of an ideal C concentration can considerably improve the properties of TiBCN coatings, thus rendering the coating a desirable material for cutting tools.
{"title":"Impact of carbon content on the phase structure and mechanical properties of TiBCN coatings via direct current magnetron sputtering","authors":"Anand Vyas, Ahmed Aliyu, Gary Chi-Pong Tsui","doi":"10.1515/rams-2024-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/rams-2024-0013","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, unbalanced direct current magnetron sputtering was employed to develop TiBCN coatings on Si (100) wafers. The carbon (C) concentration was varied to manipulate the phase structure and mechanical properties of the coatings. The coatings were analyzed using Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and nanoindentation. The results revealed that the TiBCN-2 coating, with a C concentration of 4.4 at.%, exhibited optimal hardness and elastic modulus values of 33 and 291 GPa, respectively. On the other hand, as the C content increased from 4.4 to 24.4 at.%, the hardness and elastic modulus values of the coatings decreased to 21 and 225 GPa, respectively, due to the formation of boron nitride and carbon phases within the coating matrix. Therefore, the inclusion of an ideal C concentration can considerably improve the properties of TiBCN coatings, thus rendering the coating a desirable material for cutting tools.","PeriodicalId":54484,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on Advanced Materials Science","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140831417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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