. This paper presents a detection method of DCAM-YOLOv5 for ground penetrating radar (GPR) to address the difficulty of identifying complex and multi-type defects in tunnel linings. The diversity of tunnel-lining defects and the multiple reflections and scattering caused by water-bearing defects make GPR images quite complex. Although exist-ing methods can identify the position of underground defects from B-scans, their classification accuracy is not high. The DCAM-YOLOv5 adopts YOLOv5 as the baseline model and integrates deformable convolution and convolutional block attention module (CBAM) without adding a large number of parameters to improve the adaptive learning ability for irregular geometric shapes and boundary fuzzy defects. In this study, dielectric constant models of tunnel linings are es-tablished based on the electromagnetic simulation software (GPRMAX), including rebar and various structural defects. The simulated and field GPR B-scan images show that the DCAM-YOLOv5 method has better results for detecting dif-ferent types of defects than other methods, which validates the effectiveness of the proposed detection method.
{"title":"Research on Detection Method for Tunnel Lining Defects Based on DCAM-YOLOv5 in GPR B-Scan","authors":"D. Chen, S. Xiong, L. Guo","doi":"10.13164/re.2023.0299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13164/re.2023.0299","url":null,"abstract":". This paper presents a detection method of DCAM-YOLOv5 for ground penetrating radar (GPR) to address the difficulty of identifying complex and multi-type defects in tunnel linings. The diversity of tunnel-lining defects and the multiple reflections and scattering caused by water-bearing defects make GPR images quite complex. Although exist-ing methods can identify the position of underground defects from B-scans, their classification accuracy is not high. The DCAM-YOLOv5 adopts YOLOv5 as the baseline model and integrates deformable convolution and convolutional block attention module (CBAM) without adding a large number of parameters to improve the adaptive learning ability for irregular geometric shapes and boundary fuzzy defects. In this study, dielectric constant models of tunnel linings are es-tablished based on the electromagnetic simulation software (GPRMAX), including rebar and various structural defects. The simulated and field GPR B-scan images show that the DCAM-YOLOv5 method has better results for detecting dif-ferent types of defects than other methods, which validates the effectiveness of the proposed detection method.","PeriodicalId":54514,"journal":{"name":"Radioengineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44585914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. With the extreme density of devices and fast change of their directions in massive MIMO networks, a fast adaptive beamforming algorithm is required to provide high directivity and an enhanced signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR). Blind adaptive beamforming is suitable but less efficient, while non-blind adaptive beamforming is more efficient but requires significant training time. This study proposes a hybrid adaptive beamforming algorithm that addresses these issues. The algorithm integrates an improved direction-finding method to estimate the directions of arrival (DoAs) of incident signals at the antenna array, even in coherent signals cases, and a cascading combination of a blind and non-blind algorithms. The proposed algorithm generates an accurate main beam toward the desired direction and deep nulls in the direction of interfering signals, resulting in enhanced SINR. Compared to other algorithms, our approach achieves better performance without requiring additional antenna elements.
{"title":"A Hybrid Adaptive Beamforming Algorithm for SINR Enhancement in Massive MIMO Systems","authors":"Hosni Manai, L. B. Slama, R. Bouallègue","doi":"10.13164/re.2023.0345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13164/re.2023.0345","url":null,"abstract":". With the extreme density of devices and fast change of their directions in massive MIMO networks, a fast adaptive beamforming algorithm is required to provide high directivity and an enhanced signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR). Blind adaptive beamforming is suitable but less efficient, while non-blind adaptive beamforming is more efficient but requires significant training time. This study proposes a hybrid adaptive beamforming algorithm that addresses these issues. The algorithm integrates an improved direction-finding method to estimate the directions of arrival (DoAs) of incident signals at the antenna array, even in coherent signals cases, and a cascading combination of a blind and non-blind algorithms. The proposed algorithm generates an accurate main beam toward the desired direction and deep nulls in the direction of interfering signals, resulting in enhanced SINR. Compared to other algorithms, our approach achieves better performance without requiring additional antenna elements.","PeriodicalId":54514,"journal":{"name":"Radioengineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48041223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. In order to alleviate the adverse effects resulted from complex scenes for object tracking, such as fast movement, mottled background, interference of similar objects, and occlusion etc., an algorithm using dual-template Siamese network with attention feature fusion, named SiamDT, is proposed in this paper. The main idea include that the original ResNet-50 network is improved to extract deep semantic information and shallow spatial information, which are effectively fused using the attention mechanism to achieve accurate feature representation of objects. In addition, a template branch is added to the traditional Siamese network in which a dynamic template is generated together with the first frame image to solve the problems of template failure and model drift. Experimental results on OTB100 dataset and VOT2018 dataset show that the proposed approach obtains the excellent performance compared with the state-of-the-art tracking algorithms, which verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
{"title":"Dual-Template Siamese Network with Attention Feature Fusion for Object Tracking","authors":"Mengxing Liu, J. Shi, Y. Wang","doi":"10.13164/re.2023.0371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13164/re.2023.0371","url":null,"abstract":". In order to alleviate the adverse effects resulted from complex scenes for object tracking, such as fast movement, mottled background, interference of similar objects, and occlusion etc., an algorithm using dual-template Siamese network with attention feature fusion, named SiamDT, is proposed in this paper. The main idea include that the original ResNet-50 network is improved to extract deep semantic information and shallow spatial information, which are effectively fused using the attention mechanism to achieve accurate feature representation of objects. In addition, a template branch is added to the traditional Siamese network in which a dynamic template is generated together with the first frame image to solve the problems of template failure and model drift. Experimental results on OTB100 dataset and VOT2018 dataset show that the proposed approach obtains the excellent performance compared with the state-of-the-art tracking algorithms, which verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach.","PeriodicalId":54514,"journal":{"name":"Radioengineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44386990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. Focusing on the real-time tracking of the extended target labeled multi-Bernoulli (ET-LMB) filter, this paper proposes an extended target fast labeled multi-Bernoulli (ET-FLMB) filter based on beta gamma box particle (BGBP) and Gaussian process (GP), called ET-BGBP-GP-FLMB filter. First, a new ET-FLMB filter is derived to reduce the computational complexity of the ET-LMB filter. Then, by modeling the target state as an augmented state including detection probability, measurement rate, kinematic state and extension state, the BGBP-GP implementation of the ET-FLMB filter is presented. Compared with the traditional sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) implementation, the proposed implementation can not only greatly reduce the number of particles and the amount of computation, but also estimate the detection probabilities, measurement rates and extension states while estimating the number and kinematic states of extended targets. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed filter can significantly reduce the computational burden and improve the real-time performance.
{"title":"Extended Target Fast Labeled Multi-Bernoulli Filter","authors":"Xuan Cheng, Ji Hongbing, Yongquan Zhang","doi":"10.13164/re.2023.0356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13164/re.2023.0356","url":null,"abstract":". Focusing on the real-time tracking of the extended target labeled multi-Bernoulli (ET-LMB) filter, this paper proposes an extended target fast labeled multi-Bernoulli (ET-FLMB) filter based on beta gamma box particle (BGBP) and Gaussian process (GP), called ET-BGBP-GP-FLMB filter. First, a new ET-FLMB filter is derived to reduce the computational complexity of the ET-LMB filter. Then, by modeling the target state as an augmented state including detection probability, measurement rate, kinematic state and extension state, the BGBP-GP implementation of the ET-FLMB filter is presented. Compared with the traditional sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) implementation, the proposed implementation can not only greatly reduce the number of particles and the amount of computation, but also estimate the detection probabilities, measurement rates and extension states while estimating the number and kinematic states of extended targets. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed filter can significantly reduce the computational burden and improve the real-time performance.","PeriodicalId":54514,"journal":{"name":"Radioengineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43215138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study on the Generation of Vortex Waves Based on Coding Metasurfaces and Genetic Algorithms","authors":"S. Lv, X. Cao, J. Gao, R. Xue","doi":"10.13164/re.2023.0332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13164/re.2023.0332","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54514,"journal":{"name":"Radioengineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46508487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. In this work, an ultra-wide stopband low pass filter (LPF) with high selectivity is proposed using coupled stepped impedance resonators (SIRs), open shunt stubs and circular slots in the ground plane. The proposed LPF has been modeled using a lumped equivalent circuit which is extracted from the EM model. The design has been validated through the simulation and experimental results. The fabricated prototype has a 3-dB cutoff frequency (f c ) of 2.44 GHz and an ultra-wide stopband extended up to 20.5 GHz (8.4 f c ) with an attenuation level > 20 dB. The transition bandwidth (from 3 dB to 20 dB) is 0.09 GHz and the roll-off rate is 225 dB / GHz (reference to 30 dB). The passband insertion loss is 0.35 dB at 1.22 GHz and the normalized circuit size of the filter is 0.045.
． 在这项工作中，提出了一种具有高选择性的超宽阻带低通滤波器(LPF)，该滤波器采用耦合阶跃阻抗谐振器(SIRs)、开路分流存根和接地面的圆形槽。所提出的LPF采用从EM模型中提取的集总等效电路进行建模。通过仿真和实验结果验证了设计的正确性。制作的原型具有2.44 GHz的3db截止频率(f c)和扩展至20.5 GHz (8.4 f c)的超宽阻带，衰减水平为bbb20 dB。转换带宽(从3db到20db)为0.09 GHz，滚降速率为225 dB / GHz(参考30db)。在1.22 GHz时通带插入损耗为0.35 dB，滤波器的归一化电路尺寸为0.045。
{"title":"A Miniaturized Low Pass Filter with Extended Stopband and High Passband Selectivity","authors":"P. Singh, M. Tomar, Parihar","doi":"10.13164/re.2023.0408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13164/re.2023.0408","url":null,"abstract":". In this work, an ultra-wide stopband low pass filter (LPF) with high selectivity is proposed using coupled stepped impedance resonators (SIRs), open shunt stubs and circular slots in the ground plane. The proposed LPF has been modeled using a lumped equivalent circuit which is extracted from the EM model. The design has been validated through the simulation and experimental results. The fabricated prototype has a 3-dB cutoff frequency (f c ) of 2.44 GHz and an ultra-wide stopband extended up to 20.5 GHz (8.4 f c ) with an attenuation level > 20 dB. The transition bandwidth (from 3 dB to 20 dB) is 0.09 GHz and the roll-off rate is 225 dB / GHz (reference to 30 dB). The passband insertion loss is 0.35 dB at 1.22 GHz and the normalized circuit size of the filter is 0.045.","PeriodicalId":54514,"journal":{"name":"Radioengineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44384844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jing Yang, Chengcheng Liu, Jie Huang, HU Dexiu, Chuang Zhao
. This paper investigates the issue of multistatic target localization using measurements including angle of arrival (AOA), time delay (TD), and Doppler shift (DS). We delve into a practically driven nonideal localization scenario where the measurement noise powers remain unknown. An algorithm that jointly estimates target posi-tion-velocity and measurement noise powers is proposed. Initially, an optimization model for the joint estimation is developed following the maximum likelihood estimation criterion. Subsequently, we cyclically minimize the optimization model to yield estimates for target position-velocity and measurement noise powers. The Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for this joint estimation is also derived. Contrary to existing algorithms, our proposed method eliminates the need for prior knowledge of measurement noise powers, simultaneously estimating the target posi-tion-velocity and measurement noise powers. Simulation results indicate superior localization accuracy with our algorithm, particularly in scenarios with unknown measurement noise powers. Furthermore, at moderate noise levels, the algorithm's estimation accuracy for target posi-tion-velocity and measurement noise powers meets the CRLB.
{"title":"Overcoming Unknown Measurement Noise Powers in Multistatic Target Localization: A Cyclic Minimization and Joint Estimation Algorithm","authors":"Jing Yang, Chengcheng Liu, Jie Huang, HU Dexiu, Chuang Zhao","doi":"10.13164/re.2023.0415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13164/re.2023.0415","url":null,"abstract":". This paper investigates the issue of multistatic target localization using measurements including angle of arrival (AOA), time delay (TD), and Doppler shift (DS). We delve into a practically driven nonideal localization scenario where the measurement noise powers remain unknown. An algorithm that jointly estimates target posi-tion-velocity and measurement noise powers is proposed. Initially, an optimization model for the joint estimation is developed following the maximum likelihood estimation criterion. Subsequently, we cyclically minimize the optimization model to yield estimates for target position-velocity and measurement noise powers. The Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for this joint estimation is also derived. Contrary to existing algorithms, our proposed method eliminates the need for prior knowledge of measurement noise powers, simultaneously estimating the target posi-tion-velocity and measurement noise powers. Simulation results indicate superior localization accuracy with our algorithm, particularly in scenarios with unknown measurement noise powers. Furthermore, at moderate noise levels, the algorithm's estimation accuracy for target posi-tion-velocity and measurement noise powers meets the CRLB.","PeriodicalId":54514,"journal":{"name":"Radioengineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44498291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. G. Nguyen, C. Nguyen, T. H. Nguyen, H. Morishita
. In this paper, a dual-band three-way power divider with unequally high power split ratio is proposed. The dual-band operation is achieved by using a two-section impedance transformer, and to reach a high split ratio, transmission lines with impractical high characteristic impedances are replaced with dual-band T-shaped structures. The design is conducted with a thorough analy-sis and systematic design procedure for facilitating the rapid development of the prototypes. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed design method, an example of a power divider with a power split ratio of 7 : 5 : 1 is inves-tigated, fabricated, and measured on a Rogers RO4003C substrate. Good agreements between the simulation and measurement results are obtained. Compared with several three-way unequal dual-band power dividers in previous works of the others, our proposed power divider delivered high power split ratio while still retaining good performances of insertion loss, return loss, and isolation between output ports.
{"title":"Design of a Dual-Band Three-Way Power Divider with Unequally High Power Split Ratio","authors":"M. G. Nguyen, C. Nguyen, T. H. Nguyen, H. Morishita","doi":"10.13164/re.2023.0338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13164/re.2023.0338","url":null,"abstract":". In this paper, a dual-band three-way power divider with unequally high power split ratio is proposed. The dual-band operation is achieved by using a two-section impedance transformer, and to reach a high split ratio, transmission lines with impractical high characteristic impedances are replaced with dual-band T-shaped structures. The design is conducted with a thorough analy-sis and systematic design procedure for facilitating the rapid development of the prototypes. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed design method, an example of a power divider with a power split ratio of 7 : 5 : 1 is inves-tigated, fabricated, and measured on a Rogers RO4003C substrate. Good agreements between the simulation and measurement results are obtained. Compared with several three-way unequal dual-band power dividers in previous works of the others, our proposed power divider delivered high power split ratio while still retaining good performances of insertion loss, return loss, and isolation between output ports.","PeriodicalId":54514,"journal":{"name":"Radioengineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46017996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. IEEE 802.11ad uses mmWave technology for multi-gigabit wireless access networks. Multipath with large delay spread severely reduces performance due to insufficient guard interval. In this paper, we improve single-carrier IEEE 802.11ad receivers by proposing channel estimation and equalization methods for a frequency domain equalizer. Channel estimation is improved by leveraging on sparsity of the channel impulse response, while equalization is combined with an interference cancellation algorithm. The log-likelihood ratio demapper is also improved by correct power estimation of signal, interference, and noise. Simulation re-sults show that the proposed methods are effective on channels whose length exceeds the guard interval.
{"title":"Improved Channel Estimation and Equalization for Single-Carrier IEEE 802.11ad Receivers","authors":"G. Baruffa, L. Rugini","doi":"10.13164/re.2023.0438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13164/re.2023.0438","url":null,"abstract":". IEEE 802.11ad uses mmWave technology for multi-gigabit wireless access networks. Multipath with large delay spread severely reduces performance due to insufficient guard interval. In this paper, we improve single-carrier IEEE 802.11ad receivers by proposing channel estimation and equalization methods for a frequency domain equalizer. Channel estimation is improved by leveraging on sparsity of the channel impulse response, while equalization is combined with an interference cancellation algorithm. The log-likelihood ratio demapper is also improved by correct power estimation of signal, interference, and noise. Simulation re-sults show that the proposed methods are effective on channels whose length exceeds the guard interval.","PeriodicalId":54514,"journal":{"name":"Radioengineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44371608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. In this work, a 1550-nm full-fiber Doppler lidar via software-defined platform is built to realize flexible and low-cost contactless vibration measurement of high-voltage power equipment. A 1550-nm fiber layout is designed to generate optical interference between vibration signal and carrier wave. The reflected vibration signal is collected by an optical transceiver and the carrier wave is generated by an acousto-optic modulator (AOM). The optical beat signal is collected by a balanced detector (BD) then sent into a general software defined radio (SDR) receiver. By GNU developing platform, the target mechanical vibration signal is demodulated and several flexible functions such as speed-acceleration trans, harmonic component analysis and fault diagnosis is realized. Performance of Doppler lidar is first verified on mechanical vibration source by PZT vibration actuator, results show that the designed lidar could retrieve 50 Hz–20 kHz mechanical vibration signals within the working distance is up to 20 m. Further case application scenarios on the power transformer and gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) are also conducted to verify the feasibility of proposed lidar.
{"title":"Software-Defined 1550-nm Full-Fiber Doppler Lidar for Contactless Vibration Measurement of High Voltage Power Equipment","authors":"X. Guan, C. Lv, Guoyan Zheng, Z. Pan, K. Cai","doi":"10.13164/re.2023.0391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13164/re.2023.0391","url":null,"abstract":". In this work, a 1550-nm full-fiber Doppler lidar via software-defined platform is built to realize flexible and low-cost contactless vibration measurement of high-voltage power equipment. A 1550-nm fiber layout is designed to generate optical interference between vibration signal and carrier wave. The reflected vibration signal is collected by an optical transceiver and the carrier wave is generated by an acousto-optic modulator (AOM). The optical beat signal is collected by a balanced detector (BD) then sent into a general software defined radio (SDR) receiver. By GNU developing platform, the target mechanical vibration signal is demodulated and several flexible functions such as speed-acceleration trans, harmonic component analysis and fault diagnosis is realized. Performance of Doppler lidar is first verified on mechanical vibration source by PZT vibration actuator, results show that the designed lidar could retrieve 50 Hz–20 kHz mechanical vibration signals within the working distance is up to 20 m. Further case application scenarios on the power transformer and gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) are also conducted to verify the feasibility of proposed lidar.","PeriodicalId":54514,"journal":{"name":"Radioengineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41938578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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