Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii最新文献

Introduction: The effectiveness of chemotherapy in treating melanoma is limited due to drug resistance. Previous studies have shown that SENP1 (Sentrin/SUMO-specific protease 1) is related to the tumour hypoxic microenvironment, tumorigenesis and metastasis.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate its roles in drug resistance of melanoma.

Material and methods: Originally, a concentration of 2 μg/ml dacarbazine (DTIC) was employed in the treatment of A375 and M14 cell lines for a duration of 24 h. Subsequently, the cells were transferred to fresh medium and allowed to proliferate until reaching 80% of their maximum density. This treatment cycle was then repeated for a total of 10 days, following which the DTIC concentration was doubled. The establishment of drug-resistant cell lines for both A375 and M14 occurred after 8 months of sustained and continuous treatment. The expression level of SENP1 was monitored monthly using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), with a fold change above 1.5 compared to the untreated condition considered as significant.

Results: Finally, the study found that SENP1 was up-regulated by about 2.2-1.7 times in the drug-resistant cells. In addition, overexpression of SENP1 in normal A375 cells improved cell viability against DTIC. The study also found that Yes-associated protein (YAP) could form protein condensates in the cytoplasm while its expression was enhanced by SENP1-mediated deSUMOylation.

Conclusions: This study suggests that there is a positive correlation between the ubiquitin-specific protease SENP1 and drug resistance in melanoma. Its up-regulation may lead to changes in the deSUMOylation of YAP, activate the Hippo signalling pathway, and increase the resistance of melanoma to DTIC.

Introduction: Autoimmune bullous disorders (AIBD) are a heterogeneous group of diseases resulting from autoantibodies production. Nowadays, direct immunofluorescence (DIF) is the basic diagnostic tool for diagnosing AIBD.

Aim: This study was performed to assess the percentages of positive and negative DIF tests performed in individuals clinically suspected to suffer from AIBD in a single Central European referral department laboratory and to propose ways to improve the effectiveness of DIF in AIBD imaging diagnostics.

Material and methods: A total of 1985 consecutive tests were collected during 9 consecutive years (2016-2024). We analysed the total number of results, the percentages of positive and negative results year by year, and according to the unit that sent material for testing.

Results: We found that almost one-third of the tests were positive (30.88% overall, over 9 years). The percentage of positive results has varied from year to year (from 26.22% in 2016 to 38.89% in 2023). The percentage of positive results was higher in outpatient clinics than in hospital wards (33.7% vs. 22.9%; p < 0.0001; χ² test).

Conclusions: DIF should be performed thoughtfully at both clinical and laboratory levels, and approximately 31% of positive results should be regarded as a good outcome. To increase this percentage, specialised units should be maintained to keep up with the constant development of knowledge and experience in AIBD. Negative DIF results could also be useful in differential diagnostics of AIBD, but their percentage should be minimized.

Introduction: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress play a crucial role in both intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging. Antioxidants act as powerful ROS scavengers, mitigating skin aging by neutralizing already-formed ROS and restoring skin oxygen homeostasis, thereby indirectly protecting DNA integrity.

Aim: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a combined therapy involving antioxidants, peels, growth factors, mesopeptide cocktails, and microneedling on selected skin parameters.

Material and methods: Twenty Caucasian female participants with skin phototypes II to IV and signs of aging were included. Each participant underwent a three-step treatment regimen consisting of sequential applications of peels, mesopeptide cocktails, and microneedling at 2-week intervals. Between sessions, participants applied a serum containing ferulic acid and adhered to photoprotective measures. Assessments included photographic documentation, videodermoscopic examinations, skin pH assessments, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) measurements, and sebum quantification.

Results: A general post-treatment improvement was observed in all participants, with 15 out of 20 individuals reporting lifting effects, wrinkle reduction, and enhanced skin tone. Additionally, reductions in hyperpigmentation, erythema, and skin flaccidity were noted. The mean pH measured on the cheek before treatment was 6.18 ±0.41, after 2 weeks: 5.95 ±0.47, after 4 weeks: 5.63 ±0.34, and after 6 weeks: 5.48 ±0.49. These differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Furthermore, a significant decrease in TEWL was observed after treatment (12.91 vs. 9.46 g/h/m²; p = 0.0008).

Conclusions: The described three-step therapeutic regimen demonstrated excellent tolerability and safety. The observed improvements in nearly all measured skin parameters underscore the efficacy of this comprehensive approach to skin rejuvenation.

This systematic review aimed to examine the effectiveness and safety of different isotretinoin dosing regimens for treating acne vulgaris. Isotretinoin is known as a potent treatment for moderate to severe acne, but its use is associated with dose-dependent side effects. This review aims to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of various dosing strategies, including high-dose, low-dose, and intermittent regimens. A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted, and 15 randomized controlled trials were included in the final analysis. The findings indicate that low-dose and intermittent dosing regimens offer comparable efficacy to high-dose regimens while minimizing adverse effects such as mucocutaneous reactions, including cheilitis and xerosis. The results highlight the potential for personalized isotretinoin therapy, which can reduce the severity of side effects while maintaining clinical effectiveness. Further research is needed to assess long-term outcomes, including relapse rates and the safety profile of these dosing regimens over extended periods. Clinicians should consider individual patient characteristics when selecting isotretinoin dosing strategies to balance therapeutic efficacy and tolerability.

Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease influenced by immune dysregulation and microbiome alterations. The IL-23/Th17 axis is central to its pathogenesis, promoting inflammation and keratinocyte hyperproliferation. Skin microbiome dysbiosis has been implicated in disease onset, but its relationship with IL-23 requires further exploration.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate variations in the skin microbiome between psoriatic patients and healthy controls, and examine the correlation of IL-23 serum levels and genetic polymorphisms with psoriasis presence and severity.

Material and methods: This case-control study included 40 patients with plaque psoriasis and 40 healthy controls. Clinical data, including Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores, were collected. Skin microbiome analysis was performed using culture methods, serum IL-23 levels were measured by ELISA, and genetic analysis of the IL-23 rs2201841 polymorphism was conducted using PCR-RFLP.

Results: Psoriasis patients exhibited higher fungal growth (75% vs. 17.5%, p < 0.001) and mixed bacterial-fungal infections (55% vs. 15%, p < 0.001). Serum IL-23 levels were significantly lower in patients (157.2 ±214.8 pg/ml vs. 252.7 ±308.2 pg/ml, p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with PASI scores (r = -0.866, p < 0.001). The IL-23 rs2201841 SNP showed no significant association with psoriasis. Fungal growth (OR = 3.61, p = 0.002) and reduced IL-23 levels (OR = 0.996, p = 0.039) independently predicted disease susceptibility.

Conclusions: Alterations in the skin microbiome and reduced IL-23 levels are associated with psoriasis. These findings suggest fungal infections and IL-23 as potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis and monitoring.

Introduction: Medical approval of biosimilars requires comparable quality, biological activity, safety as well as efficacy of the reference biologic drug.

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine whether biosimilars for adalimumab and etanercept can be prescribed as substitutes for the originator drugs in a real-world patient collective.

Material and methods: For the analysis, 259 outpatients with psoriasis (94%) or hidradenitis suppurativa (6%) were retrospectively examined regarding disease burden, side effects and symptoms during and following the transition from a biologic to a biosimilar and, if applicable, after switching back to the originator drug.

Results: Of the analysed cohort, 76.4% of patients had previously received the adalimumab originator, Humira^®, and 23.6% the etanercept originator, Enbrel^®. 79.5% of those patients were switched to a biosimilar. In that group, 94.2% of patients returned for a follow-up visit (after 3 to 9 months), with 78.9% of them continuing the biosimilar therapy until the end of the observation period. 21.1% of all patients were switched back to the original treatment or another medication due to various reasons, such as deterioration of efficacy (68.3%), progression of arthritis (68.3%) and increased skin symptoms (56.1%).

Conclusions: This real-world data shows that biosimilar therapy is successful in around 80% of the population observed. In the event of exacerbation of symptoms or occurrence of side effects, switching back to the biologic might be necessary and was proved to be problem-free.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a disease with a complex genetic background, in which only the predisposition to atopy is inherited. Genetic, environmental, and psychosomatic factors contribute to the development of this allergic inflammatory disease. The patient's age and population affiliation also play a significant role. Gene groups associated with AD are primarily: genes responsible for the epidermal barrier, interaction with the environment and related to the immune response. In turn, polymorphisms in these genes can affect the severity of atopic dermatitis through mechanisms such as excessive stimulation of the immune system or increased synthesis of immunoglobulin E (IgE). Among the genes related to the immune system that play an important role in the development of atopic dermatitis, we can distinguish: Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1), FcεRI (Fc epsilon RI, ligand-binding subunit of the high-affinity IgE receptor), toll-like receptors (TLRs), and cytokine encoding genes.

Introduction: Port-wine stain (PWS) is a congenital vascular malformation. It can result in inferior quality of life or stigmatization. Multiple questionnaires are used to collect data about patients' mental state.

Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate psychosocial well-being of patients with PWS using standardized tools and raise the awareness of the importance of mental health care in dermatological conditions.

Material and methods: 59 adult patients filled an online survey consisting of 5 psychological questionnaires: Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Skindex-29, Perceived Stigmatization Questionnaire (PSQ), Dysmorphic Concern Questionnaire (DCQ), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and also provided demographic data and lesion characteristics. The data were subjected to analysis.

Results: Out of the 59 patients, 86.4% were females and 13.6% were males. The mean age was 32.12 years. According to DLQI, quality of life was decreased in 52.5% of patients. According to HADS, 45.8% of patients were affected by anxiety and 22% by depression. Skindex-29 revealed that PWS had a moderate negative influence on patients' life. In more than half of the patients, perception of their body was disturbed due to DCQ results.

Conclusions: PWS affects psychosocial well-being of patients including their quality of life, self-perception of the body or feeling of stigmatization. Interdisciplinary approach is needed to provide patients with necessary psychological or psychiatric care.