Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii最新文献

Introduction: The level of acceptance of acne can have a substantial impact on improving patients' mood and quality of life.

Aim: To investigate the level of acne vulgaris acceptance among young patients and its correlation with disease severity, quality of life, and feelings of stigmatization.

Material and methods: The study was conducted on 213 young individuals diagnosed with acne. A variety of questionnaires were employed to measure the psychological aspects of the condition, including illness acceptance, quality of life, and feeling of stigmatization.

Results: Based on the Global Evaluation Acne (GEA) scale, 45% of participants had mild acne, 31.7% had minimal acne, and 23.3% had moderate acne. The Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS) scores ranged from 13 to 40, with a mean of 37.0 ±5.2 points. Males had higher illness acceptance (mean score: 37.7 vs. 36.5 points; p = 0.027). Most participants (87.6%) had high illness acceptance. The greatest challenge was adjusting to disease limitations. A significant negative correlation was found between acne severity and illness acceptance (r = -0.277; p < 0.001), between AIS scores and both QoL impairment (measured by the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and the Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI)) (r = -0.499 and r = -0.621, respectively; p < 0.001 for both) as well as between AIS scores and the 6-Item Stigmatization Scale (6-ISS) (r = -0.621, p < 0.001).

Conclusions: The level of acne acceptance depends on gender and the severity of acne lesions. Based on the study results, we hypothesize that an intervention aimed at increasing the level of disease acceptance could improve patients' psychological well-being and ability to cope with the condition.

Aim: This work investigated the difference of serum cytokine levels in children with bronchial asthma (BA) in acute attack and clinical remission and the relationship between them.

Material and methods: A hundred children with BA were included and enrolled into an acute attack group (AA group) and a clinical remission group (CR group) according to their medical history and clinical characteristics, with 50 children in each group. Then, another 50 healthy children in the same hospital for physical examination were randomly selected as controls.

Results: Interleukin (IL) 4 (IL-4) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels in the AA group were significantly higher than those in controls (p < 0.05), but the IL-4 and IFN-γ levels in the clinical remission phase group were not remarkably different from those in controls (p > 0.05). The IL-15 level in the AA group was much higher than that in children with BA in the clinical remission stage and controls, and the IL-15 level in the CR control was higher than that in controls (p < 0.05). IL-4 level was positively linked with INF-γ level (r = 15.621, p = 0.002) and IL-15 level (r = 9.581, p = 0.008). IL-15, IL-4, and IFN-γ were related to the incidence of BA of children and played a role in the exacerbation of respiratory inflammation during acute attacks. IL-4 was associated with IL-15 and INF-γ, and there was a synergistic relationship in promoting inflammation of BA.

Introduction: The focus in dermatology has shifted from solely treating skin conditions to considering the quality of life (QoL) of patients and their family members.

Aim: To identify and categorise instruments that assess the impact of chronic skin diseases on the QoL of family members and caregivers.

Methods: A narrative review was conducted using the Scopus and Medline databases, with search terms related to QoL, dermatology, and family/caregivers. Articles published up to January 2024 were reviewed, and relevant instruments were categorised.

Results: The search yielded 2799 papers, of which 153 were reviewed in detail. Twenty instruments were identified and categorised into generic, dermatology-specific, and disease-specific tools.

Conclusions: The review highlights the importance of assessing family QoL in dermatology. Integrating these tools into clinical practice can enhance support for family members, improving overall patient care. Further development and refinement of these tools are necessary to capture the full impact on family QoL.

Introduction: The pathogenesis of psoriasis is complex. Previous bioinformatics studies have found differential expression of HIF-1α and miR-199 in psoriasis, but the correlation between miR-199a and HIF-1α and the severity of psoriasis is still unclear. This study found differential expression of HIF-1α and miR-199a levels in the skin lesions of patients with different degrees of psoriasis. HIF-1α mRNA and miR-199a are PASI influencing factors, and the levels of HIF-1 α and miR-199a in the skin lesions can serve as potential indicators for evaluating the severity index of psoriasis.

Aim: To examine the relationships between the levels of HIF-1α and miR-199a and psoriasis severity.

Material and methods: Sixty-five patients with psoriasis vulgaris treated from January 2023 to May 2024 were divided into a mild group (n = 16), a moderate group (n = 23), and a severe group (n = 26) according to the lesion area and severity index (PASI) score, and 40 healthy people were included in the control group (group A). The expression of HIF-1a and miR-199a in psoriatic lesions and normal skin tissues was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR.

Results: The level of miR-199a in lesions in the observation group (group B) was lower than that in group A, but the level of HIF-1αmRNA in group B was greater than that in group A. The level of miR-199a in moderate and severe psoriasis patients was lower than that in mild psoriasis patients, and that in severe psoriasis patients was lower than that in moderate psoriasis patients. HIF-1α mRNA in lesions was positively associated with the PASI in psoriasis patients, and the miR-199a level in lesions was positively associated with the PASI in psoriasis patients. Furthermore, taking the PASI as the dependent variable and HIF-1αmRNA and miR-199a with a linear relationship with the dependent variable as the independent variables, multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that HIF-1α mRNA and miR-199a influenced the PASI.

Conclusions: HIF-1α and miR-199a are differentially expressed in the lesions of patients with different severities of psoriasis. The HIF-1α and miR-199a levels in lesions can be used as potential indices to evaluate the severity of psoriasis.

Introduction: Acne vulgaris is a highly prevalent skin disorder, driving the ongoing search for innovative treatment modalities. While numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in managing acne vulgaris, there remains a lack of clear guidlines regarding optimal treatment parameters.

Aim: To assess the efficacy and safety of 10% concentration 5-aminolevulinic acid-(ALA) in comparison to 15% ALA PDT for treating facial acne vulgaris.

Material and methods: A randomized, double-blind, split-face clinical trial was conducted on 25 patients with moderate to severe acne (Leeds grades 2-4). Patients were randomly assigned to two groups with different ALA concentrations applied on one cheek, while a placebo was applied on the other side. After a 1.5-hour incubation, illumination with 633 nm red light from a Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamp (96 J/cm²) was performed in three sessions with 7-10 days' intervals. Treatment effectiveness was assessed by the lesion reduction rate based on lesion counts before the study, after each session, and at 4 and 8 weeks after the last session.

Results: Both 15% and 10% ALA-PDT treatments demonstrated significant reductions in inflammatory acne lesion counts compared to the placebo: 10% ALA-PDT showed a reduction of 27.36% versus 12.64% for the placebo (p = 0.04), while 15% ALA-PDT showed a reduction of 40.45% compared to 13.41% (p < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference between ALA-PDT and placebo in treating non-inflammatory lesions. Additionally, there was no difference between the effectiveness of 10% and 15% ALA in reducing any type of acne lesions.

Conclusions: ALA-PDT is effective in treating acne vulgaris. However, ALA-PDT provides an advantage over red light only for inflammatory acne lesions. The study indicates that higher concentrations of ALA do not result in more significant reductions in acne lesions.

Introduction: The role of calprotectin in psoriasis still remains unclear.

Aim: To elucidate the associations between the concentrations of serum and faecal calprotectin (CP) and the severity of psoriasis in 20 patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis and 20 healthy individuals.

Material and methods: The CP levels as well as the disease severity including Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), Body Surface Area (BSA) score and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) were assessed.

Results: The median serum CP level in the psoriasis group was notably higher at 112.24 μg/l (interquartile range, IQR: 81.39-206.82 μg/l) compared to 60.31 μg/l (IQR: 37.41-81.54 μg/l) in the control group (p = 0.001), while the median faecal CP levels were similar between the two groups: 15.00 μg/g (IQR: 6.20-36.13 μg/g) in psoriasis patients and 13.00 μg/g (IQR: 10.26-30.15 μg/g) in controls (p = 0.766). No significant correlations between serum and faecal CP level and the PASI, BSA and DLQI were found.

Conclusions: Despite the fact that patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis seem to present general higher blood calprotectin levels than healthy individuals, they are still within the population cut-off value. The elevated blood calprotectin levels are not conclusively linked to increased severity of psoriasis or to the deterioration in quality of life. Also, in individuals with psoriasis, gastrointestinal inflammation does not differ markedly from healthy controls.

Introduction: Chronic urticaria (CU) is defined as the presence of recurring hives and/or angioedema lasting more than 6 weeks. The precise impact of food allergies, particularly to galactose-α-1,3-galactose (α-gal) and omega-5-gliadin (O5G), on the development of CU is not well established.

Aim: The study examines the frequency of sensitisation to these allergens and their clinical significance in individuals with CU.

Material and methods: We recruited 100 adults newly diagnosed with CU to evaluate the presence of specific immunoglobulin E antibodies and allergies to α-gal and O5G. The patients were categorised into three groups based on their specific IgE levels: those sensitised to α-gal, those sensitised to O5G, and those not sensitised to either. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables were compared across the groups.

Results: The findings indicated that 5% of the cohort was sensitised to α-gal, and 4% showed sensitivity to O5G, while only 4% of patients had a convincing history of food allergy (two to red meat and two to wheat). The sensitised groups exhibited the greatest levels of total IgE, and had a higher proportion of males. The α-gal group showed higher levels of specific IgE to Ascaris lumbricoides than the group without sensitisation. The groups had similar features in all other assessed aspects.

Conclusions: Our CU cohort's sensitivity and convincing food allergy to α-gal and O5G were comparatively modest. While routine screening may not be essential, focused testing of individuals with severe or uncommon symptoms might enhance the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment.

Introduction: Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic, recurring skin condition characterized by inflammation of the terminal hair follicle. It presents as painful, deep-seated, inflamed lesions such as nodules, fistulas, and abscesses. While the mean onset age for hidradenitis suppurativa is typically between 21 and 29 years, the condition can also manifest in childhood.

Aim: To review the clinical and demographic characteristics of pediatric-onset hidradenitis suppurativa patients.

Material and methods: We present a case series of 42 patients with pediatric-onset hidradenitis suppurativa (onset age 0-18 years) and their management from two tertiary referral centres. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were assessed at the Department of Dermatology, National Medical Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland, and the Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland, from January 2000 to May 2023. This report details the epidemiology, clinical course, and management of the reported pediatric-onset hidradenitis suppurativa cases.

Results: The median age of onset in our patients was 14 years (range: 5-17). The cohort comprised 20 (48%) males and 22 (52%) females. The most frequent lesion locations were in the inguinal folds and armpits, with additional occurrences in the buttocks and lower abdomen. Common comorbidities included obesity, hypothyroidism, and affective disorders. The treatment regimen for most patients involved topical clindamycin, systemic antibiotics, oral retinoids, and surgical excisions. Additionally, biologic treatments such as adalimumab, infliximab, and secukinumab were administered.

Conclusions: This study affirms that the clinical course and treatment methods in patients with pediatric-onset hidradenitis suppurativa are similar to the adult-onset form. Improved disease awareness enables earlier diagnosis, preventing the deterioration of skin lesions, a decrease in quality of life, and the onset of comorbidities, especially affective disorders, which are prevalent among patients with hidradenitis suppurativa.