Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii最新文献

Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis are chronic inflammatory conditions that constitute a significant global health burden due to their prevalence and impact on quality of life. A deeper comprehension of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis pathogenesis has recently led to the emergence of novel classes of biologics targeting the IL-23/Th17 pathway. The specific role of interleukin-12, -23, and -17 in cancer as either promoters or inhibitors is under investigation in various studies. Here, we explore the potential role of interleukin-12, -23, and -17 in the development of skin tumours as well as the safety of using their inhibitors in the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, particularly in relation to the risk of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) development.

Introduction: Autophagy is necessary for the progression of psoriasis.

Aim: This study aimed to recognize possible autophagy-related genes in psoriasis via bioinformatics study to present a better standard for the clinical treatment and management of psoriasis.

Material and methods: The GEO dataset was utilized to derive the mRNA expression profile of the database GSE78097. R software was utilized to find autophagy-associated genes that may be expressed in psoriasis. Then, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) correlation study of the differentially expressed autophagy-associated genes was carried out, and GO and KEGG enrichment analysis was used to investigate any potential signalling pathways linked.

Results: We identified a total of 156 autophagy-related genes in 27 psoriasis and 6 healthy skin tissue samples. The PPI network diagram findings demonstrate interactions among these autophagy-associated genes. Autophagy, protein processing, apoptosis, and mitochondria processes may be crucial in the development and occurrence of psoriasis suggested by KEGG and GO enrichment analysis.

Conclusions: Utilizing bioinformatics methods to recognize differentially expressed autophagy-related genes has further enhanced our understanding of psoriasis and provided new thinking for the study of the pathogenesis and therapeutic targets of psoriasis.

Introduction: Diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) a severe complication of diabetes which can result in ulcers, infections, or tissue damage in the feet.

Aim: To compare the treatment effectiveness in patients with DFS using local O₃ therapy depending on the O₃ concentration.

Material and methods: The study included 50 patients, 24 male and 26 female ones, in the age range between 39 and 84 years, with DFS. In group 1 (25 patients), 30 µg/ml doses of ozone were applied, and in group 2 (25 patients) doses of 60 µg/ml. A total of 30 local ozone therapy procedures, lasting 30 min each, were performed in both groups, in two sessions (15 procedures), with a 4-week break between sessions. The effectiveness of wound healing was evaluated by computerized planimetry, and pain intensity was assessed with the use of the VAS scale.

Results: After treatment, a statistically significant reduction in the area of wounds and the intensity of pain was achieved in both groups. The median (IQR) wound size after treatment in group 1 was: 4.5 (4-5) cm², and in group 2: 4 (3-4.5) cm²; (p = 0.027). The median (IQR) pain intensity (VAS) after treatment in group 1 was: 5 (4-5) points, and in group 2: 4 (3-4.5) points (p = 0.002).

Conclusions: The use of a higher concentration ozone increased the effectiveness of the therapy in terms of reducing the wound surface area and alleviating the pain. Therefore, the possibility of using higher ozone concentrations in the treatment of diabetic foot syndrome is worth considering.

Introduction: Collision skin lesions (CSL) are rare clinical and pathological entities, posing significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. These lesions comprise at least two distinct cell populations - benign and/or malignant neoplasms - that are adjacent yet clearly demarcated. CSL were categorized as collision tumours into three types: two benign lesions, one benign and one malignant lesion, and two malignant lesions, with the most common being basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and melanocytic naevus.

Aim: To analyse and present cases of collision skin lesions treated surgically in our Dermatosurgical Unit.

Material and methods: A retrospective review was conducted on patients treated in our unit in 2021-2022, excluding lesions arising from preexisting conditions or located at the same anatomical site but separable upon examination.

Results: Out of 838 patients, 4 cases of collision tumours were identified: one with two benign lesions and three with one benign and one malignant lesion, all histologically confirmed.

Conclusions: Collision tumours, due to their rare occurrence and complex nature, represent a diagnostic challenge. Awareness and early detection, aided by dermoscopy, are crucial for effective management. Treatment should prioritize the more aggressive component of the tumour, with excisional biopsy being a favourable approach. Further research is needed to better understand the pathogenesis and optimize diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Introduction: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, and its serum level was previously found to decline after administration of biologics, UV, and cyclosporine therapy.

Aim: To investigate whether NGAL may serve as a biomarker of disease activity in psoriasis vulgaris.

Material and methods: To measure the level of NGAL in serum, 36 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 33 healthy controls were enrolled. Measurements were correlated to patients' and disease characteristics, including the Psoriasis Activity and Severity Index (PASI), Body Surface Area (BSA), itch and its intensity measured with the Peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale (PP-NRS), and involvement of special regions (scalp, genitals, hands, nails).

Results: A significantly higher level of NGAL in serum was found in patients with psoriasis than in healthy controls. It showed a moderate correlation with PASI but none with BSA. The genital involvement was associated with significantly greater serum level of NGAL. Itch corresponded to higher concentration of NGAL, and PP-NRS corelated moderately with the level of circulating NGAL.

Conclusions: An elevated level of circulating NGAL indicates its participation in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and the development of the itch. The serum level of NGAL does not allow for the evaluation of disease severity because it shows only moderate correlation with PASI. Determination of the circulating NGAL level may help to identify patients with greater risk for involvement of the genital region.

Skin picking disorder (SPD) is a psychiatric condition characterized by repetitive picking of the skin, causing damage to tissue and significant distress. Despite its prevalence and impact, SPD remains understudied and often overlooked in clinical practice. This review thoroughly examines SPD, including its epidemiology, aetiology, clinical presentation, methods of treatment, challenges, and future directions. The review highlights the multifactorial nature of SPD, involving genetic, neurobiological, and psychological factors. Clinical presentation of SPD includes compulsive skin picking behaviours, emotional distress, and impaired social functioning. This review underscores the importance of recognizing and addressing SPD, emphasizing the need for integrated approaches to assessment, treatment, and research. By advancing our understanding of SPD, we can improve outcomes and quality of life for individuals affected by this disorder.

Introduction: Systemic sclerosis is a complex disease characterized by the fibrosis and vasculopathy.

Aim: We aimed to assess scleroderma by examining involucrin, an early terminal differentiation marker of epidermal keratinocytes.

Material and methods: Immunolocalization of involucrin was performed in healthy controls and patients with scleroderma lesions by using an immunofluorescence (IF) assay. Normal and scleroderma keratinocytes were incubated in low-Ca basal-defined K-SFM overnight. Cells were pre-treated with Y-27632 (a Rho signalling pathway inhibitor) or interleukins (ILs), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), endothelin-1 (ET-1), interferon-γ (IFN)-γ, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) - BB. The involucrin protein expression level was measured by western blot.

Results: Compared with the normal skin, involucrin was detected in the granular layer and the upper stratum spinosum in patients with scleroderma lesions. However, involucrin protein expression was decreased in cultured scleroderma keratinocytes. IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, TNF-α, TGF-β1, ET-1, IFN-γ, VEGF165, and PDGF-BB increased involucrin expression in normal keratinocytes but decreased it in scleroderma keratinocytes. IFN-γ and IL-13 remarkably downregulated involucrin levels in normal and scleroderma keratinocytes, respectively, by Y-27632 intervention.

Conclusions: Inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β1, ET-1, IFN-γ, VEGF, PDGF-BB, and Rho signalling pathway may be associated with the delayed epidermal differentiation in scleroderma.

Introduction: Rituximab, a CD20 inhibitor, has swiftly become the primary treatment for pemphigus patients.

Aim: We present 3 cases of pemphigus patients who had undergone rituximab treatment.

Material and methods: After the second intravenous administration of rituximab, the primary rash developed into severe cutaneous drug reactions. Peripheral blood was collected from the aforementioned 3 patients for the detection of susceptibility genes by using second-generation sequencing.

Results: Notably, a significant resemblance was observed in the HLA profiles of these 3 patients, particularly regarding high-risk alleles associated with rituximab-induced severe cutaneous drug reactions (CDRs). This rare occurrence of severe CDRs post-rituximab administration may be HLA-dependent and linked to HLA-B*15:02:01, HLA-B*15:12 and HLA-B*15:27:01. This pioneering laboratory trial shows the pathological background of rituximab-induced severe cutaneous drug reactions.

Conclusions: Our findings contribute to the expanding catalogue of potential HLA-B*15 linked to severe CDRs and underscore the importance of vigilance regarding such reactions in pemphigus patients undergoing rituximab therapy.