Neuropsychological Rehabilitation最新文献

Semantic feature-based treatment (SFT), which engages the semantic network by repeatedly targeting retrieval of conceptual features to improve lexical-semantic access, has shown promise for facilitating generalization in aphasia rehabilitation. However, its capacity to drive broad improvement across cognitive-linguistic domains in bilinguals with aphasia (BWA) remains unclear. This study examined generalization effects (i.e., direct transfer, near transfer, and far transfer) following SFT in 48 Spanish-English BWA who took part in a randomized controlled trial. Participants received 40 h of SFT targeting word retrieval, with generalization assessed across three domains: naming of untrained items (direct transfer), semantic processing (near transfer), as well as global language ability and nonverbal abstract reasoning (far transfer). Results showed (i) robust improvements for trained and untrained naming targets, demonstrating direct transfer, (ii) near transfer effects for select semantic processing tasks, and (iii) far transfer limited to overall language function, with no gains in domain-general cognition. Notably, treatment benefits extended across languages, demonstrating cross-language generalization to multiple domains of language processing. Findings highlight SFT's capacity to drive comprehensive language recovery in BWA, revealing broad generalization effects across languages and linguistic domains. Such effects underscore the importance of systematically examining generalization patterns to optimize rehabilitation outcomes.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02916524.

Homonymous Visual Field Defects (HVFDs) often cause reading difficulties. Self-reported reading difficulties and reading intervention goals remain however understudied. This study explores the prevalence of self-reported reading difficulties in 24 individuals with HVFDs, compared to their pre-HVFD experiences and to 160 matched controls. A comparison between left- and right-sided HVFDs is also included. Additionally, we examined which reading skills and reading objects individuals with HVFDs wished to improve. Using the novel Hemianopia Reading Questionnaire, we found that individuals with HVFDs reported poorer reading efficacy, poorer reading skills and poorer reading of different objects compared to pre-HVFD levels and control participants. However, love for and the importance of reading appear unaffected by the HVFD. Reading speed and orientation were the most affected skills after HVFD. Individuals with right-HVFDs reported lower reading speed compared to individuals with left-HVFDs. Reading books was the most desired goal for improvement, yet reading books was also the most abandoned object after HVFD. Overall, the current study indicates the importance of reading in individuals with HVFD and highlights that self-reported reading difficulties occur in a broad range of difficulties related to efficacy, skills and reading objects and should be incorporated in future effect measures of HVFD-intervention studies.

Primary objective: This study aimed to explore the process of MoL-Resignification following ABI in a Costa Rican sample.

Research design: A cross-sectional, exploratory mixed-method approach.

Methods and procedures: Qualitative narratives about the MoL-Resignification were collected and supported with quantitative data using instruments like the Mental and Physical Health Adapted Scale (MPHAS), Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS), UCLA Loneliness Scale Revised (UCLALS-R), and New Me Scale (NMS).

Main outcomes: Four dimensions of MoL-Resignification after ABI were identified: Individual, Social, Global, and Spiritual. Narratives regarding the Individual MoL ranged from coping with the limitations imposed by ABI to adopting new values and senses of identity. Social MoL emphasized the importance of family support, while Global MoL centred on adopting a present-focused perspective. The Spiritual MoL highlighted the role of faith and religious beliefs in helping individuals navigate their lives after ABI. Resignification processes were associated with greater life satisfaction post-ABI (NMS), lower psychological and physical burdens (MPHAS), reduced loneliness (UCLALS-R), and more effective coping strategies (BRCS).

Conclusions: MoL-Resignification and Identity change after ABI, demonstrates the importance of family and spiritual beliefs in coping within the context of Costa Rican culture. These factors should be addressed in future research and rehabilitation efforts.

Ecotherapy interventions which promote meaningful engagement with the natural world provide unique wellbeing opportunities for individuals with psychosocial difficulties who may struggle to access nature, while also benefiting the local community and environment. We hereby unpack the experiences of 41 adults living with the psychosocial sequelae of acquired brain injury following their engagement in a group-based eight-to-ten-week sustainable construction intervention delivered in partnership with a local social enterprise called "Down to Earth". Using reflexive thematic analysis, insights from seven focus groups emphasize the importance of (1) Broadening skills and building for the future in supporting movement towards an engaged and meaningful life; (2) Shared experiences with similar others in facilitating belonging in group memberships; (3) Self-acceptance and identity in cultivating resources for personal growth, and (4) Connecting and contributing, which is critical for community and planetary wellbeing. Opportunities for enhancing local clinical practice are captured within a domain summary theme, and broader implications for "inner" (personal and relational capacities) and global sustainable development are discussed.

Fifty percent of Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) survivors experience fatigue. Symptom management in post-acute rehabilitation, where rehabilitation adherence is essential, is lacking. Research suggests that music listening interventions could help by addressing related symptoms including pain, mood and arousal. Our objective was to explore how music listening has been used for post-ABI fatigue and whether findings, together with interview data from a post-acute ward, could inform on its use for this purpose. Synthesized data included: intervention characteristics, study design and outcomes. Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines and PRISMA checklist were applied. Nine-hundred and eighty-seven abstracts and 29 full texts were screened, with thirteen papers on nine studies included. Fatigue was reported only as a secondary outcome and not defined by type. Associated outcomes included: increased self-reported stamina, vitality, arousal, sleep and relaxation, better mood and pain management, verbal memory and attention. Interview data (patients: n = 6; staff: n = 4; caregivers: n = 2) suggest the need for time allocation for music listening, help with equipment setup, and trialling to determine duration and frequency. Future studies should screen for fatigue type and symptoms and establish with participants whether music interventions might be beneficial for energizing or relaxing, and if complimentary to cited strategies including exercise or meditation.

The 23-item Screening Visual Complaints questionnaire-acquired brain injury (SVCq-abi) was constructed to assess visual complaints in individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI). This cross-sectional study determines the validity and clinical applicability of the SVCq-abi in an ABI sample. The SVCq-abi was administered to 156 individuals with ABI (mean [SD], 58 [13] years, 36% female) following a neurorehabilitation programme (65% inpatient, 35% outpatient). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to determine the fit of a 5-factor model, and scale reliability was examined. Additionally, we assessed the distribution of responses on the SVCq-abi and the effect of key clinical variables on SVCq-abi subscale scores. CFA confirmed a 5-factor model with good fit statistics, except for the Standardized Root Mean-square Residual. Scale reliability ranged from weak to good. Most individuals (78%) reported at least one visual complaint. Outpatients reported more luminance-related and ocular discomfort complaints than inpatients. No significant effect was observed on subscale scores based on administration method, history of ophthalmic disease, time since ABI diagnosis, and age. CFA determined a 5-factor structure of the SVCq-abi, with sufficient scale. Individuals with ABI experienced a range of visual complaints. The SVCq-abi showed broad clinical applicability and may be a valuable tool for clinical practice.

Objectives: This single-blind, parallel groups, randomized controlled trial examined whether (1) mnemonic strategy training (MST) improved memory for face-name associations relative to vanishing cue training (VCT) and (2) the interventions modulated blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal in a training-specific manner.

Methods: We randomized 30 cognitively intact older adults to either MST or VCT (1:1 basis). Memory for face-name associations (primary outcome) was evaluated at baseline and post-training using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and again at 1-month follow-up (memory test only). During training sessions, MST participants applied a 3-step strategy while those receiving VCT recalled the targeted name across trials with letters subtracted (correct trials) or added (incorrect trials) as appropriate.

Results: There were no adverse events and excellent retention. The magnitude of memory test improvement was significantly greater after MST at both post-training and 1-month relative to VCT. The MST group also showed significantly greater BOLD signal changes in multiple brain regions as well as increased functional connectivity between networks relative to the VCT group.

Conclusions: MST is superior to VCT for enhancing long-term retention of face-name associations in cognitively intact older adults and appears to enhance use of lateral frontoparietal regions and networks involved in top-down processing.

The purpose of this study was to develop a specific instrument to assess the discharge readiness among Chinese adults following brain tumour surgery and evaluate its psychometric properties. The construction of this measurement tool from March 2022 to April 2024 comprised two stages: the development of the scale (Stage I) and a cross-sectional survey involving 413 post-operative brain tumour patients to test its psychometric properties (Stage II). The final scale had 24 items with 4 domains. The item-level content validity index ranged from 0.850 to 1.000, and the scale-level content validity index was 0.926. Exploratory factor analysis showed a four-factor structure of the 24-item scale, accounting for 63.319% of the variance. The structures of confirmatory factor analysis formed validated acceptable fit indices after modification, which further confirmed the fit of the scale to the model. The scale showed an acceptable concurrent validity when compared with the RHDS (r = 0.456-0.875, p < 0.001). The Cronbach's α and split-half reliability of the total scale was 0.894 and 0.813, respectively. The scale has good reliability and validity and can be used to assess the discharge readiness of Chinese adults following brain tumour surgery.

Between 2022 and 2024, the COVCOG randomized controlled trial evaluated two psychoeducation interventions for people living with Long COVID: one addressing cognitive difficulties and the other affective difficulties. While the results showed small to moderate improvements in both groups, we still lack information on the individual and contextual mechanisms that facilitated or hindered the benefits of the intervention. Our research aimed to understand how, under what circumstances, and for whom the intervention generates changes. A qualitative process evaluation was conducted with patients and clinicians involved in COVCOG. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted and analysed through reflexive thematic analysis. Sixteen patients and ten clinicians participated. Five themes were developed, helping to better understand the conditions for intervention success: Being recognized as a person with Long COVID, Learning to manage Long COVID on a daily basis, Changing as a person, Considering life after the intervention, and Adapting the clinical protocol. Our findings highlight the importance of both institutional and interpersonal recognition as a foundational mechanism for engagement and perceived effectiveness. Psychoeducation for people living with Long COVID should be designed as part of a broader, adaptive, and evolving care pathway, by supporting patients in navigating its biographical and functional consequences over time.

Limited treatments exist for prostate cancer survivors (PCS) experiencing cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI). We aimed to investigate the feasibility, acceptability, and potential efficacy of an online group cognitive rehabilitation intervention for PCS on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) experiencing CRCI. Eight adult, English-speaking PCS receiving ADT with perceived cognitive changes participated in a weekly, 2-hour, four-session intervention - "Promoting Cognitive Wellbeing in Prostate Cancer Survivors (ProCog)." A mixed methods approach was adopted using nonconcurrent, multiple baseline single-case experimental designs. Perceived cognitive functioning was measured weekly using the FACT-Cog Perceived Cognitive Impairments scale (PCI18). Brief objective cognitive testing, goal attainment scaling, and measures of depression, generalized anxiety, fatigue and self-efficacy were administered at four time-points. Feasibility and acceptability were assessed through attendance, homework adherence, and feedback. Most participants had locally advanced prostate cancer, were retired and lived in regional areas (mean age = 69 years). Most participants (5/8) demonstrated significant improvements in PCI18 despite no consistent changes on cognitive testing. All participants made progress towards goal attainment post-intervention. Clinically significant improvements were seen in levels of anxiety, depression, and fatigue, though changes in self-efficacy were variable. Session attendance and homework completion were at ≥97%. Larger-scaled studies are required to support ProCog's benefits.Trial registration: Prospectively registered on anzctr.org.au identifier: ACTRN12623000946617.