Landscape Ecology最新文献_第6页

Urban oasis? Abundant dice snake (Natrix tessellata) populations along artificial lakeside habitats in urban landscapes 城市绿洲？城市景观中人工湖畔栖息地沿岸丰富的骰子蛇（Natrix tessellata）种群

IF 5.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape Ecology

Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1007/s10980-024-01917-w

Boglárka Mészáros, József Bürgés, Mónika Tamás, Blanka Gál, Dénes Schmera, Andrew J. Hamer

Context

Human-induced landscape modification, such as urbanization, creates new environments that can have adverse effects on flora and fauna, posing threats to biodiversity. Understanding how reptiles respond to urbanization is crucial, especially in light of their ongoing population declines.

Objectives

We examined the influence of landscape-scale and local-scale urbanization features on the abundance of an aquatic snake species. Our investigation focused on dice snakes (Natrix tessellata) inhabiting a lake with a heavily urbanized shoreline.

Methods

We conducted visual encounter surveys at 25 study sites during the activity period of dice snakes around Lake Balaton in Hungary. We measured both landscape-scale and local-scale variables, including urban land use cover, vegetation cover, road cover, distance of main roads and city size, emergent vegetation cover and the area of artificial rock and concrete shoreline protection structures. We analysed snake survey data using N-mixture models to estimate abundance and examine relationships with landscape-scale and local-scale variables.

Results

Urban land use cover, road cover, the proximity of main roads and the extent of artificial rock and concrete shoreline protection structures positively affected the abundance of snakes. These findings imply that urban habitats may offer new ecological opportunities for dice snakes.

Conclusions

The findings of this study indicate that both landscape-scale and local-scale human-induced landscape modifications may have a positive impact on the abundance of urban snakes. Taken together, our findings suggest that urbanization is a complex phenomenon, affecting species at different levels and with subtle effects.

背景人类引起的景观改变，如城市化，创造了新的环境，可能对动植物产生不利影响，对生物多样性构成威胁。我们研究了景观尺度和局部尺度的城市化特征对水生蛇类物种数量的影响。方法我们在匈牙利巴拉顿湖附近的骰子蛇活动期间对 25 个研究地点进行了目测调查。我们测量了景观尺度和地方尺度的变量，包括城市土地利用覆盖率、植被覆盖率、道路覆盖率、主要道路距离和城市规模、新兴植被覆盖率以及人工岩石和混凝土海岸线保护结构的面积。结果城市土地利用覆盖率、道路覆盖率、主干道距离以及人工岩石和混凝土海岸线保护结构的范围对蛇的数量有积极影响。结论本研究的结果表明，景观尺度和局部尺度的人为景观改造可能会对城市蛇类的数量产生积极影响。综合来看，我们的研究结果表明，城市化是一个复杂的现象，会在不同层面对物种产生微妙的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Spatio-temporal dynamics of fairy circles in Namibia are driven by rainfall and soil infiltrability 纳米比亚仙女圈的时空动态受降雨和土壤可渗透性的影响

IF 5.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape Ecology

Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1007/s10980-024-01924-x

Stephan Getzin, Sönke Holch, Johanna M. Ottenbreit, Hezi Yizhaq, Kerstin Wiegand

Context

Namibia’s fairy circles (FCs) form an extraordinary vegetation pattern along the Namib Desert. Recent evidence from multiple fieldwork activities is increasingly supporting the view that FCs result from biomass-water feedbacks and plant self-organization.

Objectives

To shed light on these biomass-water feedbacks, we focused here on a temporal analysis of the spatial FC patterns with regard to vegetation response after rainfall events.

Methods

We analyzed the distribution of FCs in 10 drone-mapped study plots of the Namib and related their spatial patterns to the soil infiltrability. Additionally, we mapped three plots repeatedly during the rainfall seasons 2020–2023 to assess how the emerging grasses within FCs changed the FC patterns after rainfall.

Results

We found that the most regular, spatially periodic, FCs occurred in areas with deep aeolian sands where rain water infiltrates very quickly and homogenously across the study plot, which enables the most symmetric competitive interactions between the grasses. After ample rainfall following a drought period, between 58 and 34% of all mature FCs revegetated. These 1092 closing FCs were 73 times more than the 15 new FCs that formed during the same time. The closing FCs occurred in areas where there was locally a higher density of FCs, which act as underground water sources for the surrounding grasses.

Conclusions

Our study shows that the dynamic vegetation response to rainfall and soil water is the key driver of the FC patterns. Overall, the research underlines that Namibia’s fairy circles are a self-organized emergent vegetation pattern that is driven by biomass-water feedbacks and the competition of grasses for limiting water resources.

背景纳米比亚的仙女圈（FCs）是纳米布沙漠沿线的一种特殊植被模式。为了揭示这些生物量-水反馈作用，我们在此重点分析了降雨事件后植被响应方面的仙女圈空间模式。方法我们分析了纳米布10个无人机测绘研究地块的仙女圈分布情况，并将其空间模式与土壤可渗透性联系起来。此外，我们还在 2020-2023 年的降雨季节对三个地块进行了反复测绘，以评估降雨后 FC 内新出现的草种如何改变 FC 的模式。结果我们发现，最有规律的空间周期性 FC 出现在具有深厚风化沙的地区，这些地区的雨水能够快速均匀地渗透到整个研究地块，从而使草种之间的竞争性相互作用最为对称。干旱期过后，雨水充沛，58% 到 34% 的成熟功能区重新植被。这1092个关闭的功能区是同期形成的15个新功能区的73倍。我们的研究表明，植被对降雨和土壤水的动态响应是 FC 模式的主要驱动因素。总之，研究强调纳米比亚的仙女圈是一种自组织的新兴植被模式，由生物量-水反馈和草类对有限水资源的竞争所驱动。

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引用次数: 0

Evidence for regional-scale declines in carabid beetles in old lowland beech forests following a period of severe drought 大旱后低地山毛榉老林中鞘翅目甲虫区域性减少的证据

IF 5.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape Ecology

Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1007/s10980-024-01920-1

Fabio Weiss, Susanne Winter, Dirk Pflugmacher, Thomas Kolling, Andreas Linde

Context

Evidence for declines in insect populations is growing with climate change being one suspected driver. Forests, however, are still underrepresented in the relevant research. Recent droughts (2018–2020) have severely affected forests in Central Europe and have been linked to declines in carabid abundance, biomass as well as changes in species traits at the local scale.

Objective

We tested drought effects on forest carabids at regional scale. We additionally investigated whether variability in drought effects could be explained with the initial community composition and the local environmental context.

Methods

We used generalized linear mixed models to compare data from 1999 to 2001 and 2020 to 2022 across eleven old beech forest sites of high conservation interest in North-East Germany and investigated changes in carabid abundance, biomass, Hill numbers and selected species traits. We then tested additional community-related and environmental predictors to explain spatial variability in changes in biomass.

Results

We found significant declines in biomass of 65% and in abundance of 51%. There were no significant changes in Hill numbers. We found consistent evidence that declines affected especially larger and less mobile species. Declines and changes in species traits also occurred in strictly protected old-growth beech forests. Among environmental predictors, landscape composition explained local variability in biomass declines best with stronger decline at forest sites with less forest area in their vicinity.

Conclusions

Our findings reveal large-scale declines in forest carabids in the context of recent droughts and highlight the exceptional role of landscape composition in this regard. Future insect conservation strategies need to incorporate the landscape context and potential exposure to extreme weather.

背景昆虫数量减少的证据越来越多，气候变化被怀疑是其中一个驱动因素。然而，森林在相关研究中的代表性仍然不足。最近的干旱（2018-2020 年）严重影响了中欧的森林，并与当地尺度上食蚁兽数量、生物量的下降以及物种性状的变化有关。方法我们使用广义线性混合模型比较了德国东北部 11 个具有较高保护价值的山毛榉老林区 1999 年至 2001 年和 2020 年至 2022 年的数据，并研究了食蚁兽丰度、生物量、希尔数量和所选物种性状的变化。结果我们发现生物量显著下降了 65%，丰度下降了 51%。希尔数量没有明显变化。我们发现一致的证据表明，生物量的下降尤其影响到较大和活动能力较弱的物种。在受到严格保护的古老山毛榉林中，物种数量也出现了减少和性状的变化。在环境预测因子中，景观组成最能解释生物量下降的地方差异，在附近森林面积较小的森林地点，生物量下降的幅度更大。未来的昆虫保护战略需要结合地貌环境和可能面临的极端天气。

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引用次数: 0

Revealing functional responses in habitat selection of rocky features and rugged terrain by Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) using LiDAR data 利用激光雷达数据揭示欧亚猞猁（Lynx lynx）对岩石地貌和崎岖地形栖息地选择的功能反应

IF 5.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape Ecology

Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1007/s10980-024-01923-y

Špela Čonč, Teresa Oliveira, Elisa Belotti, Luděk Bufka, Rok Černe, Marco Heurich, Mateja Breg Valjavec, Miha Krofel

Context

Many carnivores are attracted to rugged terrain, rocky areas, and conspicuous relief features. However, most of the previous research is limited to general topographical habitat characteristics and rarely consider the effects of microhabitat characteristics.

Objectives

We used the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) as a model species to investigate the effects of microhabitat characteristics and human infrastructure on habitat selection. We also tested whether there is evidence for a functional response in habitat selection across a large gradient of habitat availability.

Methods

We developed a new approach for detecting rocky outcrops from airborne LiDAR data. In combination with other remote sensing techniques and GPS-telemetry data, we assessed lynx habitat selection and functional responses across two geologically contrasting areas in Europe.

Results

We detected > 1 million rocky outcrops and confirmed their strong selection by lynx. Lynx also selected steep, rugged, and rocky areas, especially for day-resting sites. Furthermore, lynx avoided paths during the day but selected them and other linear anthropogenic infrastructure during the night, indicating the behaviour-specific impact of human infrastructure. We also observed a functional response in the selection of rocky and rugged areas, as lynx’ selection of such habitats increased with their lower availability. This highlights the importance of preserving such terrains, especially when they are rare in a landscape.

Conclusions

Our results highlight the importance of incorporating remote sensing techniques and data on microhabitat features in animal habitat selection research. We also recommend caution when developing new infrastructure for human recreation or promoting its use near geomorphological features and in rugged terrain.

背景许多食肉动物都会被崎岖的地形、岩石区和明显的地貌特征所吸引。然而，以前的研究大多局限于一般的地形栖息地特征，很少考虑微生境特征的影响。目的我们以欧亚猞猁（Lynx lynx）为模式物种，研究微生境特征和人类基础设施对栖息地选择的影响。我们还测试了在生境可用性的巨大梯度上是否存在生境选择功能反应的证据。方法我们开发了一种从机载激光雷达数据中探测岩石露头的新方法。结合其他遥感技术和 GPS 遥测数据，我们评估了欧洲两个地质对比强烈的地区的猞猁栖息地选择和功能反应。猞猁还选择了陡峭、崎岖和多岩石的地区，尤其是白天休息的地点。此外，猞猁在白天会避开小路，但在夜间会选择小路和其他线性人为基础设施，这表明人类基础设施对其行为有特定的影响。我们还观察到猞猁在选择岩石和崎岖地区时的功能性反应，因为猞猁对这些栖息地的选择随着这些栖息地可用性的降低而增加。结论我们的研究结果强调了在动物栖息地选择研究中结合遥感技术和微生境特征数据的重要性。我们还建议，在地貌特征附近和崎岖地形开发新的人类娱乐基础设施或推广其使用时要谨慎。

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引用次数: 0

Landscape configuration and storm characteristics drive spatial patterns of wind disturbance in boreal forest landscapes 景观配置和风暴特征驱动北方森林景观中风扰动的空间模式

IF 5.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape Ecology

Pub Date : 2024-06-19 DOI: 10.1007/s10980-024-01916-x

Niko Kulha, Juha Heikkinen, Jonathan Holder, Juha Honkaniemi, Mikko Kuronen, Mikko Laapas, Susanne Suvanto, Mikko Peltoniemi

Context

Wind is an important disturbance in circumboreal forests, and its frequency and severity may change with climate change, highlighting the need to understand the drivers of wind disturbance. Currently, how landscape configuration drives wind disturbance is poorly understood.

Objectives

We investigated whether and how landscape configuration is related to the extent and spatial pattern of wind disturbance, and how these relationships vary between windstorms and thunderstorms.

Methods

We used salvage logging data after 16 storms that occurred in Finland between 2011 and 2021. We placed a total of 301 landscapes, each encompassing an area of 8024 ha, within the storm tracks and used regression models to test how wind disturbance extent, disturbance patch size, number of disturbance patches, and disturbance patch clustering were related to landscape configuration and storm characteristics.

Results

Increasing mean gap size and edge density, including permanent openings (e.g., lakes) and recent harvest gaps, increased disturbance extent, disturbance patch size, and number of disturbance patches. Conversely, increasing mean harvest gap size decreased disturbance patch clustering. Increasing wind speed had the largest contribution to increasing disturbance extent and number of disturbance patches, and decreasing disturbance patch clustering, with the magnitude of the effect varying between windstorms and thunderstorms.

Conclusions

The extent and spatial pattern of wind disturbances varied with landscape configuration and storm characteristics. Disturbance patches were larger in landscapes with large canopy gaps, resulting in a greater disturbance extent, exacerbated by increasing wind speed and thunderstorm development.

背景风是环周森林中的一种重要干扰，其频率和严重程度可能会随着气候变化而改变，因此需要了解风干扰的驱动因素。目前，人们对景观配置如何驱动风扰动还知之甚少。我们研究了景观配置是否以及如何与风扰动的程度和空间模式相关，以及这些关系在暴风和雷暴之间有何不同。我们将总计 301 个景观（每个景观占地 8024 公顷）置于风暴轨迹内，并使用回归模型来检验风扰动范围、扰动斑块大小、扰动斑块数量和扰动斑块集群与景观配置和风暴特征之间的关系。结果平均间隙大小和边缘密度（包括永久性开口（如湖泊）和近期采伐间隙）的增加会增加扰动范围、扰动斑块大小和扰动斑块数量。相反，平均采伐间隙大小的增加会减少干扰斑块的集群。风速的增加对扰动范围和扰动斑块数量的增加以及扰动斑块集群的减少影响最大，风暴和雷暴之间的影响程度不同。在树冠间隙较大的地貌中，扰动斑块更大，导致扰动范围更大，而风速的增加和雷暴的发展又加剧了扰动。

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引用次数: 0

Old-growth forests are critical to safeguard tropical birds in complex landscape mosaics exposed to slash-and-burn agriculture 在刀耕火种的复杂地貌镶嵌中，原始森林对保护热带鸟类至关重要

IF 5.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape Ecology

Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10980-024-01919-8

Andrea Lucía Martínez-Penados, Víctor Arroyo-Rodríguez, José Carlos Morante-Filho, Eduardo José Pinel-Ramos, Jorge Schondube

Context

Slash-and-burn agriculture generates landscape mosaics composed of different land uses. Ecological theory postulates that in these mosaics, the structure of species assemblages depends on both local- and landscape-scale factors, but their relative role remains poorly known.

Objectives

Understanding the relative importance of local and landscape variables for bird assemblages in landscape mosaics of the Mayan tropical forest, Mexico.

Methods

We evaluated the effect of two local variables (land use type and tree basal area) and two landscape variables (old-growth forest cover and human proximity) on bird abundance and diversity, separately assessing forest and non-forest birds. As species extirpation may accelerate when forest loss exceeds certain limits (extinction thresholds), we assessed forest loss effects with linear and nonlinear models.

Results

We recorded 1867 birds from 118 species in four land-use types (old-growth forest, secondary forest, burned lands, and agricultural lands). Land-use type and surrounding old-growth forest cover better predicted bird abundance and diversity than tree basal area and human proximity. Agricultural lands showed the lowest abundance and diversity of forest species, but the highest abundance and diversity of non-forest species. We found no support for the extinction threshold hypothesis. Yet, independently of the land use, old-growth forest loss decreased the diversity of forest species and increased the abundance and diversity of non-forest species. Human proximity also decreased total bird abundance, especially because of the loss of forest species.

Conclusions

Our findings highlight the key role played by old-growth forests for preserving bird assemblages in landscape mosaics exposed to slash-and-burn agriculture.

背景刀耕火种的农业产生了由不同土地用途组成的景观镶嵌。方法我们评估了两个地方变量（土地利用类型和树木基部面积）和两个景观变量（原始森林覆盖率和与人类的接近程度）对鸟类丰度和多样性的影响，分别评估了森林鸟类和非森林鸟类。由于当森林损失超过一定限度（灭绝阈值）时，物种灭绝的速度可能会加快，因此我们用线性和非线性模型评估了森林损失的影响。结果我们在四种土地利用类型（古老森林、次生林、焚烧地和农田）中记录了 118 个物种的 1867 种鸟类。土地利用类型和周围的原始森林覆盖率比树木基部面积和人烟稀少程度更能预测鸟类的丰度和多样性。农田中森林物种的丰度和多样性最低，但非森林物种的丰度和多样性最高。我们没有发现对灭绝阈值假说的支持。然而，与土地用途无关，原始森林的消失降低了森林物种的多样性，增加了非森林物种的丰度和多样性。我们的研究结果突出表明，在刀耕火种的农业景观中，古老森林在保护鸟类群落方面发挥着关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Green or grain? Impact of green space expansion on grain production in Chinese cities and its implications for national urban greening schemes 绿化还是粮食？中国城市绿地扩张对粮食生产的影响及其对国家城市绿化计划的启示

IF 5.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape Ecology

Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1007/s10980-024-01921-0

Yulin Dong, Wenhui Kuang, Zhibin Ren, Yinyin Dou, Xiangzheng Deng

Context

Expansion of urban green space (UGS) enhances greenery and its benefits in cities. However, the impacts of such expansions on regional landscape sustainability and their spatiotemporal traits across the national scale remain unclear.

Objectives

This study uncovers a trade-off between agricultural ecosystem services and urban human well-being—the loss of grain production due to UGS expansion consuming cropland—in China from 2000 to 2020. It proposes a safety boundary for UGS expansion to minimize the costs of grain production while addressing the escalating demand for UGS exposure.

Methods

UGS expansion and cropland loss are quantified using land cover products, with statistical data contributing to the established relationship between grain loss and UGS coverage. UGS expansion scenarios for 2040 are simulated through bottom-up modeling.

Results

Quadrupled UGS area growth contributed approximately one-third to urban expansion during 2000–2020 in China. Despite improvements in per capita UGS area implying enhanced UGS exposure during rapid urbanization, UGS expansion resulted in a national grain production loss of 4.2 ± 1.4 million t from 2000 to 2020, accelerating post-2010. This loss is equivalent to the annual food intake of 9.3 million Chinese people. We propose a 30.87% UGS coverage target in China by 2040 to preserve UGS access while minimizing grain loss under future urbanization.

Conclusions

Acknowledging the critical role of UGS expansion in the issue of cropland loss to urbanization is imperative. Our results offer insights into ensuring human well-being and ecosystem services through landscape and urban planning.

背景城市绿地（UGS）的扩展提高了城市的绿化及其效益。本研究揭示了 2000 年至 2020 年中国农业生态系统服务与城市人类福祉之间的权衡--城市绿地扩张消耗耕地导致的粮食产量损失。本研究提出了扩大城市综合服务系统的安全边界，以最大限度地降低粮食生产成本，同时应对不断增长的城市综合服务系统风险需求。研究方法：利用土地覆被产品对城市综合服务系统的扩大和耕地损失进行量化，统计数据有助于确定粮食损失与城市综合服务系统覆盖率之间的关系。通过自下而上的模型模拟了 2040 年的 UGS 扩张情景。结果2000-2020 年期间，UGS 面积的翻番式增长约占中国城市扩张的三分之一。尽管在快速城市化过程中，人均 UGS 面积的增加意味着 UGS 暴露程度的提高，但 UGS 的扩张导致 2000-2020 年间全国粮食产量损失为 420±140 万吨，2010 年后损失加速。这一损失相当于 930 万中国人的年粮食摄入量。我们建议中国到 2040 年实现 30.87% 的粮食保障计划覆盖率目标，以保护粮食保障计划的可及性，同时最大限度地减少未来城市化进程中的粮食损失。我们的研究结果为通过景观和城市规划确保人类福祉和生态系统服务提供了启示。

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引用次数: 0

Urban landscape pattern mainly drives the early epidemic distribution of dengue fever in Hangzhou, China 中国杭州登革热早期流行分布的主要驱动因素是城市景观格局

IF 5.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape Ecology

Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1007/s10980-024-01905-0

Xinyu Zhao, Yangyang Sun, Jialu Xu, Jinli Hu, Jueying Wu, Guang Hu, Yanping Wen

引用次数: 0

Same, but different: similar states of forest structure in temperate mountain regions of Europe despite different social-ecological forest disturbance regimes 同中有异：欧洲温带山区森林结构状态相似，但社会生态森林干扰机制不同

IF 5.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 Social Sciences

Landscape Ecology

Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10980-024-01908-x

Ana Stritih, Cornelius Senf, Tobias Kuemmerle, Catalina Munteanu, Lasha Dzadzamia, Jernej Stritih, Dragan Matijašić, Owen Cortner, Rupert Seidl

Context

Ecosystem services provided by mountain forests are critically linked to forest structure. Social-ecological disturbance regimes (i.e., the rate, frequency, and patch size distribution of disturbances driven by interacting natural and anthropogenic processes) and land use affect forest structure, but their specific impacts are not fully understood.

Objectives

We examine how differences in disturbance regimes affect patterns of forest structure across three European mountain ranges with similar vegetation types but different land-use histories: the European Alps, the Carpathians, and the Caucasus.

Methods

We related data on horizontal and vertical forest structure, measured by spaceborne lidar (GEDI), with Landsat-derived information on forest disturbances (1986–2020) and topographic, climatic, and anthropogenic predictors.

Results

We found similar social-ecological disturbance regimes in the Alps and Carpathians (average annual disturbance rates of 0.34% and 0.39%, respectively, and median patch size < 0.5 ha), yet much lower disturbance rates and patch sizes in the Caucasus (0.08% yr⁻¹ and < 0.2 ha). Despite different disturbance regimes, we found similar patterns of forest structure. Two alternative states emerged consistently across all mountain ranges: a tall and closed-canopy state in 74–80% of forests and a low and open-canopy state (< 50% canopy cover) in the rest. While forest structure responded consistently to abiotic drivers such as topography and climate, its association with anthropogenic pressures differed between mountain ranges. Stand-replacing disturbances played an important role in the Carpathians, while forest structure in the Caucasus was related to proximity to settlements, reflecting local forest use.

Conclusions

Different social-ecological contexts in mountain regions can produce markedly different forest disturbance regimes. Despite these differences, similar states of forest structures emerge, suggesting strong attractors of structure in temperate mountain forests.

背景山地森林提供的生态系统服务与森林结构密切相关。社会生态干扰机制（即我们研究了干扰机制的差异如何影响欧洲阿尔卑斯山脉、喀尔巴阡山脉和高加索山脉这三个植被类型相似但土地利用历史不同的山脉的森林结构模式。方法我们将空间激光雷达（GEDI）测量的水平和垂直森林结构数据与大地遥感卫星获取的森林干扰信息（1986-2020 年）以及地形、气候和人为预测因子联系起来。结果我们发现阿尔卑斯山脉和喀尔巴阡山脉的社会生态干扰机制相似（年平均干扰率分别为 0.34% 和 0.39%，中位斑块面积为 0.5 公顷），但高加索地区的干扰率和斑块面积要低得多（年平均干扰率为 0.08% 和 0.2 公顷）。尽管扰动机制不同，但我们发现了类似的森林结构模式。在所有山脉中都出现了两种可供选择的状态：74-80%的森林处于高大和郁闭树冠状态，其余森林处于低矮和开阔树冠状态（树冠覆盖率为 50%）。虽然森林结构对地形和气候等非生物驱动因素的反应是一致的，但其与人为压力的关系却因山脉而异。在喀尔巴阡山脉，立地重置干扰起着重要作用，而高加索地区的森林结构则与是否靠近居民点有关，这反映了当地的森林使用情况。尽管存在这些差异，但却出现了类似的森林结构状态，这表明温带山区森林结构具有很强的吸引力。

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引用次数: 0

Land-use change alters specialist bee diet and drives body size declines 土地使用的变化改变了特种蜂的食性，并导致体型缩小

IF 5.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 Social Sciences

Landscape Ecology

Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10980-024-01893-1

Sarah E. Anderson, Philip Hahn, Gabriela Gonzalez, Rachel E. Mallinger

Context

Land-use change can cause decreases in plant abundance and richness and the replacement of wild plants with domesticated plants. Changes in plant community composition disrupt mutualistic plant-pollinator interactions with ecological consequences for plants and pollinators, and especially for specialists that rely on certain plants.

Objectives

We assessed the effects of land-use change and subsequent shifts in plant communities on resource collection and body size for a bee pollinator, Habropoda laboriosa, a purported specialist of blueberries and related Ericaceae plants.

Methods

We collected Habropoda laboriosa across a gradient of land use in north-central Florida including agricultural, natural, and urban habitats. We assessed landcover and floral community composition at each site and related these to bee body size (intertegular distance) and resource use (proportion host plant pollen and pollen diversity collected).

Results

Host plant pollen collection and bee body size generally responded similarly to the landscape, both increasing with habitats containing host plants (blueberry farms and natural habitat) but decreasing with urban development. However, host pollen collection and bee body size responded in opposite ways to overall cropland in the landscape, with cropland negatively affecting body size despite positively affecting host pollen collection, indicating other factors associated with cropland might drive declines in bee body size.

Conclusions

Land-use change can adversely affect bee diet and body size, and changes in diet likely contribute to changes in body size over time. Specialists are particularly at risk for negative impacts of land-use change due to their inability to shift plant hosts.

背景土地利用的变化会导致植物丰度和丰富度的下降，并以驯化植物取代野生植物。我们评估了土地利用变化和植物群落随之变化对蜜蜂授粉者 Habropoda laboriosa 的资源采集和体型的影响，蜜蜂授粉者 Habropoda laboriosa 据称是蓝莓和相关 Ericaceae 植物的专家。结果寄主植物花粉采集量和蜜蜂体型对地貌的反应大致相同，都随着含有寄主植物的栖息地（蓝莓农场和自然栖息地）的增加而增加，但随着城市的发展而减少。然而，寄主植物花粉采集量和蜜蜂体型对景观中总体耕地的反应却相反，尽管耕地对寄主植物花粉采集量有积极影响，但对蜜蜂体型却有消极影响，这表明与耕地相关的其他因素可能会导致蜜蜂体型下降。特种蜂由于无法转移植物寄主，因此特别容易受到土地利用变化的负面影响。

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