Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research最新文献

英文中文

Multi-volcanic hazards assessment at Karangetang Volcano, Indonesia due to the reactivation of two craters 印度尼西亚Karangetang火山由于两个火山口的重新激活而进行的多火山危害评估

IF 2.3 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2026.108533

Herlan Darmawan , Bondan Galih Dewanto , Argo Galih Suhadha , Imam Santoso , Farikhotul Chusnayah , Amalia Nurwijayanti , Afif Ari Wibowo , Atrida Hadianti , Nurkhalis Rahili

Increased volcanic activity on inhabited volcanic islands requires a rapid volcanic-hazards assessment to reduce potential casualties and losses. Karangetang Volcano (2.78°N, 125.406 E), located on Siau Island, poses significant threats to approximately 70,000 residents due to its increased activity over the last decade. In this study, we assessed volcanic hazards of Karangetang Volcano by integrating satellite imageries from Landsat 8 and 9, Sentinel-1 SLC, Sentinel-2, and Sentinel-5 TROPOMI. These satellites have been used to analyse land surface temperature (LST), thermal areas, volcano deformation, and SO₂ over the last decade. The results highlighted reactivation of two craters (southern and northern) that influenced the directions of both lava and pyroclastic flows from the north, west, southwest, to the south flank area during the 2015, 2019, and 2023 eruption crises. The highest thermal anomalies were recorded in August 2015, November 2019, March 2023, and August 2023, with a maximum land surface temperature of ∼103.29 °C. Furthermore, cumulative displacement indicated that Karangetang experienced long-term deflation, possibly caused by the cooling of lava and the solidification of pyroclastic deposits on the western part of the Karangetang summit. Observations of SO₂ emissions indicated that Karangetang experienced low degassing, with a maximum SO₂ mass of 1.832 kt. Based on multi-parameter satellite observations, Karangetang has been highly active over the last decade, and mitigation preparedness should be conducted in the north, west, southwest, and south flank areas.

有人居住的火山岛上的火山活动增加，需要迅速进行火山灾害评估，以减少潜在的人员伤亡和损失。Karangetang火山（北纬2.78°，东经125.406°）位于Siau岛，由于其在过去十年中的活动增加，对大约7万居民构成了重大威胁。利用Landsat 8和9、Sentinel-1 SLC、Sentinel-2和Sentinel-5 TROPOMI卫星图像，对Karangetang火山的火山危险性进行了综合评价。这些卫星被用来分析过去十年的地表温度（LST）、热区、火山变形和二氧化硫。研究结果强调，在2015年、2019年和2023年的喷发危机期间，两个火山口（南部和北部）的重新激活影响了熔岩和火山碎屑流从北部、西部、西南部到南翼地区的方向。2015年8月、2019年11月、2023年3月和2023年8月的温度异常最高，地表温度最高为~ 103.29℃。此外，累积位移表明Karangetang经历了长期的通货紧缩，可能是由于熔岩冷却和Karangetang顶峰西部火山碎屑沉积的凝固造成的。SO2排放观测表明，Karangetang经历了低脱气，最大SO2质量为1.832 kt。根据多参数卫星观测，Karangetang在过去十年中一直非常活跃，应在北部、西部、西南和南部地区进行减灾准备。

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引用次数: 0

An integrated approach for finding hidden alignments of point-like volcanic elements that occur in volcanic fields 寻找火山场中出现的点状火山元素隐藏排列的综合方法

IF 2.3 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2026.108532

E. Pardo-Igúzquiza , P.A. Dowd

In this paper a new approach is proposed for uncovering alignments in a point field of volcanic elements. Volcanoes, scoria (cinder) cones, maars, eruption points, submarine seamounts, fissures, vents, calderas, craters, dykes, fault ridges, fumaroles, pit craters, among others, can be considered as volcanic elements in so far as each individual element is treated as a point, for example by considering the centroid of the feature. This novel approach uses both a statistical method and an exact method to find alignments of points hidden in a point field. The statistical method uses both the global and the local approach, and an intermediate alternative is introduced between the global (all neighbours) and the local approach (nearest neighbour) by using the k-nearest neighbours. This new approach was found to be optimal for a value of k in the range of 5 to 20. In all cases, of both statistical and exact methods, the uncertainty of the estimates is evaluated by using confidence limits so as to minimize the acceptance of spurious alignments of volcanic features. The proposed procedures also avoid any bias introduced by the geometry of the study area. In addition, the spatial distribution of the volcanic points can be homogeneous or heterogeneous. The proposed methodology is illustrated with a point field of volcanic cones on La Palma island in the Canary archipelago. The alignments of volcanic features have applications in volcano-tectonics, volcanic geomorphology and the assessment of volcanic hazards.

本文提出了一种揭示火山元素点场排列的新方法。火山、火山渣锥、火星、喷发点、海底海山、裂缝、通风口、火山口、火山口、岩脉、断层脊、喷气孔、火山口等都可以被视为火山元素，只要每个单独的元素都被视为一个点，例如通过考虑特征的质心。该方法采用统计方法和精确方法来寻找隐藏在点场中的点的排列。统计方法同时使用全局和局部方法，并通过使用k个最近邻在全局（所有邻居）和局部方法（最近邻）之间引入中间替代方法。我们发现这种新方法对于k值在5到20的范围内是最优的。在所有情况下，无论是统计方法还是精确方法，估计的不确定性都是通过使用置信限来评估的，以便尽量减少对火山特征的虚假排列的接受。拟议的程序还避免了研究区域几何形状带来的任何偏差。此外，火山点的空间分布具有均匀性和非均匀性。该方法以加那利群岛拉帕尔马岛火山锥点场为例进行了说明。火山地物排列在火山构造学、火山地貌学和火山危险性评价中具有重要的应用价值。

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引用次数: 0

Reconstruction of the eruptive processes and new 40Ar/39Ar dating of Plio-Pleistocene monogenetic volcanism in the Folded Middle Atlas (Northern Morocco). Implications of eruption style variation with climate changes 褶皱中阿特拉斯（摩洛哥北部）上新世-更新世单成因火山喷发过程重建及40Ar/39Ar新定年气候变化对火山喷发样式变化的影响

IF 2.3 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2026.108530

Said Haidatte , Károly Németh , Abdelilah Fekkak , Hind El Hachimi , El Houcine El Haous , Omar Outaaoui , Michele Lustrino

During the Plio-Pleistocene, several individual monogenetic volcanoes were emplaced in the Folded Middle Atlas region in Central Morocco. These eruptions are primarily concentrated on anticlinal ridges and are structured by a network of NNE-SSW-oriented faults, inherited from Alpine or older tectonic phases. This study investigates three Pleistocene (2.5-0.8 Ma) small scoria cones and one partially preserved maar, here dated with ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar geochronology to 0.281 Ma, indicating the youngest hydrovolcanic eruption of this area.

The temporal distribution and morphological diversity of volcanic edifices in northern Africa during the Plio-Pleistocene are inferred to be closely associated with paleoclimatic fluctuations, which alternated between arid and humid phases. Strombolian explosive eruptions created scoria cones primarily during arid periods, facilitating magmatic outgassing with minimal interaction between magma and the water table. In contrast, hydrovolcanic eruptions were promoted by wetter climatic conditions, which were susceptible to interaction between upwelling magma and surface water or shallow aquifers.

Scoria cones consist of pyroclastic deposits of varying grain sizes, including scoriaceous pyroclasts such as small portions of coarse ash lapilli and volcanic bombs with different morphologies. Their last eruptive activity phases are typically represented by thin lava flows, indicating a gradual shift to Hawaiian-type mild explosive dynamics. Conversely, maar formations are characterized by ejecta deposits from phreatomagmatic explosions, indicating rapid interaction between magma and varying volumes of external water, likely occurring during a single eruptive event.

在上新世-更新世期间，摩洛哥中部褶皱的中阿特拉斯地区有几座独立的单生火山。这些喷发主要集中在背斜脊上，由北北东-西南向断裂网络构造，继承自阿尔卑斯或更古老的构造阶段。本研究考察了3个更新世（2.5 ~ 0.8 Ma）小火山锥和1个部分保存的火山泥，其40Ar/39Ar年代学测定值为0.281 Ma，为该区最年轻的水火山喷发。推断北非地区上新世—更新世火山结构的时间分布和形态多样性与古气候的干湿交替波动密切相关。斯特龙堡火山爆发主要在干旱时期产生了火山渣锥，促进了岩浆和地下水位之间最小的相互作用。相比之下，湿润的气候条件促进了水火山爆发，这些气候条件容易受到上涌岩浆与地表水或浅层含水层相互作用的影响。火山渣锥由不同粒度的火山碎屑沉积物组成，包括火山渣质火山碎屑，如一小部分粗灰石和不同形态的火山弹。它们最后的喷发活动阶段通常以稀薄的熔岩流为代表，表明逐渐转向夏威夷式的温和爆炸动力学。相反，maar地层的特征是由火山喷发的喷出物沉积物，表明岩浆和不同体积的外部水之间的快速相互作用，可能发生在一次喷发事件中。

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引用次数: 0

Unravelling the volcanic history of the Campanian Plain: A detailed study of mid-distance successions between 40 and 130 ka 揭示坎帕尼亚平原的火山史：40 - 130 ka中程序列的详细研究

IF 2.3 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2026.108531

F. Totaro , P. Petrosino , I. Arienzo , M.A. Di Vito , M. Petrelli , B.R. Jicha , M. D'Antonio

The effectiveness of tephrochronology in reconstructing past events at high resolution relies heavily on accurate knowledge of the eruptive history of volcanic sources. For the Campanian Plain, southern Italy, distal and ultra-distal tephra archives provide detailed geochemical and chronological records of its complex volcanism. In contrast, proximal studies often depend on whole-rock geochemistry from outcrops that are frequently incomplete due to erosion or burial, limiting direct comparisons with glass-based datasets from distal sites. However, mid-distance buried successions offer a crucial archive, preserving volcanic layers often absent in proximal settings. This study investigates two mid-distance successions retrieved from boreholes—Camaldoli della Torre (CdT) and San Marco Evangelista (SME)—and selected samples from the distal San Gregorio Magno (SGM) core covering the 130–40 ka interval. All three boreholes are located in the Campania region (Italy). Through a multi-method analytical approach, including major and trace elements, Sr-Nd isotopes, and new ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dating, we characterize key tephra layers and identify previously unrecognized correlations to widespread Mediterranean tephra markers. Additionally, we evaluate the potential of using whole-rock geochemical data for correlation with glass compositions from distal sites, in order to assess whether such comparisons can be reliably employed in tephrostratigraphic studies. Our findings highlight the pivotal role of buried successions in reconstructing a more complete volcanic record revealing the additional occurrences of key Mediterranean tephra markers.

地表年代学在高分辨率重建过去事件方面的有效性在很大程度上依赖于对火山源喷发历史的准确认识。对于意大利南部的坎帕尼亚平原，远端和超远端tephra档案提供了其复杂火山活动的详细地球化学和年代学记录。相比之下，近端研究往往依赖于露头的全岩石地球化学，由于侵蚀或埋藏，露头往往不完整，限制了与远端地点基于玻璃的数据集的直接比较。然而，中距离的埋藏序列提供了一个重要的档案，保存了在近端环境中经常缺失的火山层。本研究调查了camaldoli della Torre （CdT）和San Marco Evangelista （SME）两个井中序列，并选择了覆盖130-40 ka区间的San Gregorio Magno （SGM）远端岩心样本。这三个井眼都位于意大利坎帕尼亚地区。通过多方法分析方法，包括主要元素和微量元素，Sr-Nd同位素，以及新的40Ar/39Ar测年，我们表征了关键的tephra层，并确定了以前未被认识到的与广泛分布的地中海tephra标记的相关性。此外，我们评估了使用全岩地球化学数据与远端地点的玻璃成分进行对比的潜力，以评估这种比较是否可以可靠地用于地层研究。我们的发现强调了埋藏序列在重建更完整的火山记录方面的关键作用，揭示了地中海关键火山标志的额外出现。

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引用次数: 0

Rheology of Basaltic Lava Tubes: Disequilibrium two-step cooling deformation experiments 玄武岩熔岩管流变学：不平衡两步冷却变形实验

IF 2.3 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2026.108529

E.M. Recchuiti , Á. Höskuldsson , A. Soldati

Lava cooling rate mainly determines how far lava can travel from its source. Lava in insulated tubes cool slowly and flows farther, whereas lava in open channels cools quickly and solidifies sooner. This study explores how the rheology of a lava changes as it transitions from being contained in a tube to surface breakout flow. Using two-step cooling deformation experiments (CDEs), we simulated a shift from a slow cooling rate (0.5 °C/min; tube-like) to faster rates (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 °C/min; breakout-like) with a constant shear rate of 1 s⁻¹. A second set of CDEs were performed at cooling rates from 0.5 to 5 °C/min and variable transition temperatures (1185, 1175, 1165, 1155, and 1145 °C). We found that lava subjected to slow cooling achieves significantly lower viscosities and can flow to lower temperatures before solidifying. Additionally, for lava at a comparison temperature of 1132 °C, a higher breakout transition temperature (e.g., 1185 °C) resulted in lower viscosity than a lower transition temperature (e.g., 1145 °C). We conclude that a lava's thermal history is a key factor influencing its viscosity, which explains the enhanced mobility of tube-fed lava even after exposure.

熔岩冷却速度主要决定了熔岩能从源头传播多远。隔热管中的熔岩冷却得慢，流动得远，而开放通道中的熔岩冷却得快，凝固得快。本研究探讨了熔岩的流变学是如何变化的，因为它从被包含在一个管到表面爆发流的转变。通过两步冷却变形实验（CDEs），我们模拟了从缓慢冷却速率（0.5°C/min，管状）到更快的冷却速率（1,2,3,4和5°C/min，突破状）的转变，剪切速率为1 s−1。第二组cde在0.5至5°C/min的冷却速率和不同的转变温度（1185、1175、1165、1155和1145°C）下进行。我们发现，经过缓慢冷却的熔岩粘度明显降低，在凝固前可以流动到更低的温度。此外，对于比较温度为1132°C的熔岩，较高的爆发转变温度（例如1185°C）导致粘度低于较低的转变温度（例如1145°C）。我们得出结论，熔岩的热历史是影响其粘度的关键因素，这解释了管状熔岩在暴露后的流动性增强。

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引用次数: 0

Revealing mechanism of phreatic eruptions derived by satellite- and field-based water interactions at Tangkuban Parahu Volcano, West Java, Indonesia 印度尼西亚西爪哇岛唐库班帕拉胡火山的卫星和野外水相互作用揭示了潜水喷发的机制

IF 2.3 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2026.108528

Asep Saepuloh , Saiyidinal Futhra Ramadhan , Edi Riawan , Muhammad Rais Abdillah , Irwan Gumilar , Agus Mochamad Ramdhan , Heruningtyas Desi Purnamasari , Fattah Ghiffari , Axel Widjanarko Sibarani , Ricky Nelson Tambunan , Janice Clementine da Costa , Dwina Nugraha , Ahmad Basuki , Kristianto

The Tangkuban Parahu Volcano, located in West Java, Indonesia, is an active stratovolcano known for its frequent phreatic eruptions. These eruptions result from complex interactions between meteoric water and subsurface heat sources, typically occurring without magma extrusion. This study aimed to develop a conceptual model of phreatic eruption mechanisms under tropical conditions by integrating satellite-based structural analysis and field-based hydrological measurements. Using Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 imagery, we identified fracture networks and surface permeability through lineament density analysis. Field experiments were conducted for measuring water infiltration rates using minidisk, double-ring, and water level data logger (HOBO) infiltrometers at depths of 0–2 m. Soil and rock samples were analyzed to determine their mineral composition and degree of alteration. Results revealed a dominance of clay minerals, particularly illite, which reduce pore permeability and promote fracture-controlled infiltration. A moderate positive correlation (R² ≈ 0.72) was found between fracture density and water infiltration rates, indicating that subsurface water movement is primarily governed by geological structures. The conceptual model suggests a three-phase eruption mechanism: (1) heat source activation via a dike-like magmatic intrusion at a depth of approximately 1 km, thermally connected to a deeper reservoir (at approximately 4 km); (2) delayed infiltration of meteoric water over six months, with significant rainfall peaks in November, March, and May preceding the July 2019 eruption; and (3) pressure buildup and release beneath impermeable cap rocks. These insights provide a valuable framework for forecasting phreatic eruptions and improving hazard-mitigation strategies in tropical volcanic regions.

唐库班帕拉胡火山位于印度尼西亚西爪哇岛，是一座活跃的层状火山，以其频繁的潜水喷发而闻名。这些喷发是由大气水和地下热源之间复杂的相互作用造成的，通常在没有岩浆挤压的情况下发生。本研究旨在通过卫星结构分析和野外水文测量相结合，建立热带条件下潜水喷发机制的概念模型。利用Sentinel-1和Sentinel-2图像，我们通过纹理密度分析确定了裂缝网络和地表渗透率。采用微型圆盘式、双环式和水位数据记录仪（HOBO）在0 ~ 2 m深度测量水的入渗速率。对土壤和岩石样品进行了分析，以确定其矿物组成和蚀变程度。结果表明，黏土矿物以伊利石为主，降低孔隙渗透率，促进裂缝控渗。裂缝密度与水入渗速率呈中等正相关（R2≈0.72），表明地下水运动主要受地质构造控制。概念模型提出了一个三相喷发机制：(1)热源激活通过约1 km深度的岩脉状岩浆侵入，热连接到更深的储层（约4 km）；(2)大气水入渗延迟6个月，在2019年7月喷发前的11月、3月和5月出现了显著的降雨高峰；(3)不透水盖层下的压力积聚和释放。这些见解为预测热带火山爆发和改进热带火山地区的减灾战略提供了一个有价值的框架。

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引用次数: 0

IF 2.3 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 2.3 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 2.3 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 2.3 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

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