Journal for Nature Conservation最新文献_第5页

Indigenous lands of Roraima and ecosystem services: pedology and land use, vegetation cover, total carbon stock, and water resources 罗赖马土著土地和生态系统服务：土壤学和土地利用、植被覆盖、总碳储量和水资源

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127175

Valdinar Ferreira Melo , Carlos Henrique Lima de Matos , Carlos Ernesto G.R. Schaefer , Sandra Cátia P. Uchôa , Raiovane Araújo Montenegro , Carlos Enrique Canche Iuit , Cássia Rejane do Nascimento , Paulo Eduardo Barni , Johan Van Tol , Maurício Lourenzoni Augusti

Roraima, located in northernmost part of Amazonia, with the largest territory occupied by ecological or indigenous reserves. The Indigenous Lands (ILs) in Roraima comprise complex territories with different ethnic groups, presenting social and ecological importance for the region due to beneficial relationship between indigenous communities and the conservation of natural ecosystems. This work presents the charaterisation of the main ecosystem services of the ILs in Roraima. Data collection was carried out from all the ILs in the state, including names, boundaries and surface area, population and ethnical composition. Information on the pedology, land use and vegetation cover of the ILs were obtained from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics database and scientific papers. The total Carbon Stock (TCS) of the ILs was calculated based on the spatial distribution of aboveground carbon stocks and soil organic carbon stocks determined from literature. For data processing, statistical analysis and mapping, we used the ESRI ArcMap 10.8. The soils in the ILs are mostly represented by highly weathered soils, with limitations for use, by erosion, low ferility, and high watertable dynamics. The forest ecosystem has a greater potential for timber and extractive species, compared to campinarana and savana. The TCS in the ILs varies from 2 to 337 Mg ha⁻¹, with an average of 204.97 Mg ha⁻¹, being influenced by the type of vegetation (forest > campinarana > savana) and soil fertility. Based on the results, Roraima State is a major provider of key environmental services, maintenance of wildlife, aboveground and belowground carbon storage, and water supply.

罗赖马，位于亚马逊河的最北端，拥有最大的生态或土著保护区。罗赖马的土著土地（ILs）由不同种族群体的复杂领土组成，由于土著社区与自然生态系统保护之间的有益关系，对该地区具有社会和生态重要性。这项工作提出了罗赖马群岛主要生态系统服务的特征。从该邦所有的ILs中收集数据，包括名称、边界和表面积、人口和种族构成。从巴西地理和统计研究所的数据库和科学论文中获得了关于热带雨林的土壤学、土地利用和植被覆盖的资料。根据文献中测定的地上碳储量和土壤有机碳储量的空间分布规律，计算了土壤总碳储量（TCS）。我们使用ESRI ArcMap 10.8进行数据处理、统计分析和制图。热带雨林的土壤主要是高度风化的土壤，由于侵蚀、低肥力和高地下水位动态而具有使用限制。与campinarana和稀树草原相比，森林生态系统具有更大的木材和采伐物种潜力。受植被类型（森林和热带草原）和土壤肥力的影响，热带雨林的TCS从2到337 Mg ha - 1不等，平均为204.97 Mg ha - 1。根据研究结果，罗赖马州是关键环境服务、野生动物保护、地上和地下碳储存以及供水的主要提供者。

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引用次数: 0

Peatland and forest edges influence the abundance of Gondwanan moss bugs (Hemiptera: Peloridiidae) in threatened South American wetlands 泥炭地和森林边缘影响受威胁的南美湿地冈瓦南苔藓虫（半翅目：蛾科）的丰度

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127183

Vanessa Durán-Sanzana, Rodrigo M. Barahona-Segovia

Peloridiidae, a crucial family for understanding Hemiptera evolution, are insects closely associated with bryophytes, earning them the common name “moss bugs.“ Peloridium pomponorum is a moss bug limited to Chiloé Island (Chile) and mainly inhabits Sphagnum in glaciogenic and anthropogenic peatlands, as well as in Metrosideros stipularis forests —ecosystems increasingly threatened by human activities. To study its habitat use and conservation status, we sampled 15 sites across Chiloé, recording the numbers of adults and nymphs in relation to habitat type (glaciogenic and anthropogenic peatlands, and forest) habitat zone (edge, intermediate, and core), and season. Abundance patterns were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis tests and negative binomial generalized linear mixed models to evaluate predictor effects. Results indicate that adult and total abundance were significantly higher in edge habitats, while nymph and total abundances were higher in anthropogenic peatlands. Seasonal variations were observed, with higher nymph and total abundance during summer compared to autumn and winter. Habitat zone, particularly the edge, was the most influential predictor for adults, nymphs, and total abundance. The species’ geographic range is limited (3,654 km2 EOO; 44 km2 AOO), with nine localities and eight subpopulations. Ongoing deforestation and moss harvesting indicate an inferred decline in habitat quality. Analysis from inferred sites of occupancy revealed a severely fragmented distribution, supporting its classification as Vulnerable under IUCN criteria B1ab(iii) + B2ab(iii). Our findings underscore the importance of conserving peatlands and Sphagnum-associated forests, especially edge habitats. Future research should include vegetation structure, microclimate, and adopt adaptive management approaches to guide conservation strategies.

苔藓虫科是了解半翅目昆虫进化的一个重要科，是与苔藓植物密切相关的昆虫，因此它们被称为“苔藓虫”。Peloridium pomponorum是一种局限于chilo岛（智利）的苔藓虫，主要栖息于冰川期和人为泥炭地的泥炭沼，以及受到人类活动日益威胁的托马森林生态系统中。为了研究其栖息地的利用和保护现状，我们在chilo的15个地点取样，记录了成虫和若虫的数量与栖息地类型（冰原、人为泥炭地和森林）、栖息地带（边缘、中间和核心）和季节的关系。用Kruskal-Wallis检验和负二项广义线性混合模型分析丰度模式以评估预测因子的效果。结果表明，边缘生境的成虫丰度和总丰度显著高于边缘生境，而人工泥炭地的若虫丰度和总丰度显著高于边缘生境。若虫丰度和总丰度在夏季高于秋季和冬季。生境带（尤其是边缘）对成虫、若虫和总丰度影响最大。该物种地理分布范围有限（EOO为3654 km2， AOO为44 km2），分布于9个地点和8个亚种群。持续的森林砍伐和苔藓采伐表明栖息地质量正在下降。从推断的占用地点进行的分析显示，其分布严重碎片化，支持其根据IUCN标准B1ab(iii) + B2ab（iii）将其分类为易危。我们的发现强调了保护泥炭地和泥炭林的重要性，特别是边缘栖息地。未来的研究应包括植被结构、小气候等方面，并采取适应性管理方法来指导保护策略。

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引用次数: 0

Inclusion of social values, priorities, and motivations for mangrove conservation in Bhitarkanika, India 印度Bhitarkanika红树林保护的社会价值、优先事项和动机

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127174

Dina Nethisa Rasquinha , Nibedita Mukherjee , Deepak R. Mishra

The reciprocal relationships between human communities and mangrove forests, how people relate with, perceive, and maintain these seascapes, has received little attention in the ecosystem services literature, which has largely focused on the benefits mangroves provide rather than the relational values embedded in human-nature connections. This study distinguishes the value-preference paradigm in a protected mangrove forest region, Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary, on the east coast of India. We ask how exclusion impacts local values, motivations, and priorities toward mangrove forest conservation. Using Q-methodology, a mixed-method approach, we identify the narratives that dominate the human-mangrove reciprocal sphere among different participant groups and gender. Our findings reveal three distinct narratives: livelihood security (30 %) that calls for both current and perceived focus on quality-of-life attributes in the region closely related to the livelihoods of the local people, conservation value through management (16 %) which drives the management regime of this region, and sense of place (13 %) that reinforces the importance of recognizing social and cultural norms. Differences in perspectives were also evident between participant groups (Researchers, NGO Workers, Government Officials, vs Villagers) and influenced by gender, accentuating the need for both value-centered and gender-sensitive approaches for mangrove conservation.

在生态系统服务文献中，人类社区和红树林之间的相互关系，以及人们如何与这些海景联系、感知和维护这些海景，很少受到关注，这些文献主要关注红树林提供的好处，而不是人与自然联系中嵌入的关系价值。本研究在印度东海岸的Bhitarkanika野生动物保护区红树林保护区中区分了价值偏好范式。我们询问排斥如何影响当地的价值观、动机和红树林保护的优先事项。使用q -方法论（一种混合方法），我们确定了在不同参与者群体和性别之间主导人类-红树林互惠领域的叙述。我们的研究结果揭示了三种不同的叙述：生计安全（30%）要求当前和感知关注与当地人民生计密切相关的地区生活质量属性，通过管理驱动该地区管理制度的保护价值（16%），以及加强认识社会和文化规范重要性的地方感（13%）。参与群体（研究人员、非政府组织工作人员、政府官员和村民）之间的观点差异也很明显，并受到性别的影响，因此需要采取以价值为中心和对性别问题敏感的方法来保护红树林。

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引用次数: 0

Land-use/land cover change for three decades and the environmental policies impacts on forest recovery in Chirripó Pacífico catchment, Pérez Zeledón, Costa Rica 三十年来土地利用/土地覆盖的变化和环境政策对哥斯达黎加psamurez Zeledón流域森林恢复的影响

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127171

Luis Diego Rodríguez-Bonilla, Adolfo Quesada-Román

Deforestation and intensive agriculture threaten soil health and associated ecosystems. Southern Costa Rica has very dynamic tectonic and climatic conditions among a rural context. Deforestation and unsustainable agricultural practices in the Chirripó Pacífico catchment have resulted in soil damage and diminished ecosystem benefits over time. We aim to study land use and land cover change (LULCC) between 1986 and 2019 (33 years) using data from the REDD + project (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) and Corine Land Cover (CLC) inventory for Costa Rica. We contrasted the LULCC between the periods 1986–1998, 1998–2008, and 2008–2019 using a transition matrix (cross-tabulation matrix) of land-cover losses and gains (in hectares). A 6.1 % increase in dense forest cover was observed, except for the period between 1986 and 1998, during which there was a slight conversion of forest to pastureland. This forest recovery can be attributed to shifts in the national economy, environmental regulations established in the 1990s, and citizen participative awareness. These measures were aimed at strengthening Chirripó National Park in the upper section of the catchment and preserving the rural environment. The study elucidates how environmental policies and regulations, along with community engagement, can foster forest recovery, offering transferable insights for sustainable land management in other developing regions.

森林砍伐和集约化农业威胁着土壤健康和相关的生态系统。哥斯达黎加南部在农村环境中具有非常动态的构造和气候条件。随着时间的推移，Chirripó Pacífico流域的森林砍伐和不可持续的农业做法造成了土壤破坏和生态系统效益的减少。我们的目标是研究1986年至2019年（33年）期间的土地利用和土地覆盖变化（LULCC），使用来自哥斯达黎加REDD +项目（减少森林砍伐和森林退化造成的排放）和Corine土地覆盖（CLC）清单的数据。我们使用土地覆盖损失和收益（以公顷为单位）的过渡矩阵（交叉表矩阵）对比了1986-1998年、1998-2008年和2008-2019年期间的LULCC。除1986年至1998年期间有轻微的森林向牧场的转变外，茂密的森林覆盖率增加了6.1%。这种森林恢复可以归因于国民经济的转变、20世纪90年代建立的环境法规以及公民的参与意识。这些措施的目的是加强集水区上游的Chirripó国家公园和保护农村环境。该研究阐明了环境政策和法规以及社区参与如何能够促进森林恢复，为其他发展中地区的可持续土地管理提供可转让的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Bioclimatic drivers and niche Thresholds: Decoupling the habitat suitability dynamics of Phoebe zhennan 生物气候驱动因素与生态位阈值：浙南生境适宜性动态解耦

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127173

Beibei Chen , Weiyi Liu , Zhenqi Liao , Yuan Li , Zhongbiao Ding , Yingxuan Luo , Boon Chin Tan , Chee How Teo

As an IUCN Red List endangered species, Phoebe zhennan epitomizes the convergence of ecological vulnerability and cultural significance. Renowned for its “Golden-thread nanmu” timber, P. zhennan dominates China’s precious wood industry but faces critical threats from habitat fragmentation and climate-driven drought. While previous studies have primarily examined local-scale habitat characteristics, few studies have integrated paleo-historical dynamics with future projections by synthesizing changes in habitat area, geographic centroid, and niche evolution. This study used optimized MaxEnt and Biomod2 to simulate the potential distribution of P. zhennan across past, current and future climate scenarios. ENMeval-guided parameter tuning, combined with MESS/MoD analysis based on the 153 validated occurrence records of P. zhennan and the 13 selected bioclimatic and topographic variables, improved the detection of environmental shifts beyond the current reference conditions, while niche differentiation assessments provided deeper insights into local adaptation mechanisms. Results show suitable habitats concentrated in subtropical regions, with stability during the Last Glacial Maximum and Mid-Holocene. Under the SSP5-8.5 scenario, warming and precipitation shifts are projected to drive northward habitat expansion, though increased precipitation variability may impose physiological constraints. Eastern and western populations exhibit distinct temperature-precipitation adaptations, highlighting the species’s vulnerability to climate variability. This study integrates multi-model optimization and niche quantification to provide data-driven frameworks for sustainable management, emphasizing assisted migration, germplasm conservation, and climate-adaptive forestry.

作为世界自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录，菲比珍南体现了生态脆弱性和文化意义的融合。以“金线楠木”著称的真南在中国的珍贵木材产业中占据主导地位，但面临栖息地破碎化和气候干旱的严重威胁。虽然以往的研究主要是考察局地尺度的生境特征，但很少有研究通过综合生境面积、地理质心和生态位演变的变化，将古历史动态与未来预测结合起来。本研究利用优化后的MaxEnt和Biomod2模拟了过去、现在和未来气候情景下真南的潜在分布。基于enmeval指导下的参数调优，结合基于153个已验证的真南发生记录和13个选定的生物气候和地形变量的MESS/MoD分析，改进了对当前参考条件之外环境变化的检测，而生态位分化评估则有助于深入了解局部适应机制。结果表明：适宜生境集中在亚热带地区，末次盛冰期和中全新世期间生境较为稳定；在SSP5-8.5情景下，升温和降水变化预计将推动栖息地向北扩展，尽管降水变率的增加可能会施加生理限制。东部和西部种群表现出不同的温度-降水适应，突出了物种对气候变化的脆弱性。该研究将多模型优化和生态位量化相结合，为可持续管理提供数据驱动框架，重点关注辅助迁移、种质资源保护和气候适应性林业。

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引用次数: 0

Solar-tracking PV system shifts species composition and improves plant diversity by improving microhabitats in arid sandy land 太阳能跟踪光伏系统通过改善干旱沙地微生境，改变物种组成，提高植物多样性

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127170

Zhen Cheng , Weifeng Liu , Jiangbo Qiao , Yulei Ma , Yingge Xie , Jingxue Zhao , Gao-Lin Wu

The construction of solar-tracking photovoltaic (PV) system in arid sandy lands shows potential for restoring plant community diversity and productivity, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we examined the contribution of PV system on plant community structure and diversity by improving microhabitats with the continuous soil moisture and temperature monitoring data in arid sandy land. Results showed that the area inside the PV system (IPV) increased rainfall allocation by rainfall accumulation of PV panels and decreased photosynthetically active radiation by 70.40 % compared with the outside PV system area (OPV). Meanwhile, the IPV significantly decreased daytime soil temperature in spring, summer, and winter seasons, whereas increased soil moisture both daytime and nighttime in spring, autumn, and winter seasons. Furthermore, the IPV significantly advanced plant coverage (+43.71 %), plant density (+51.34 %), aboveground biomass (+93.80 %), and total biomass (+47.59 %). Plant diversity in IPV was also significantly enhanced than in OPV, as reflected in the increases in the Shannon-Wiener index (+40.75 %), Simpson diversity index (+27.96 %), and species richness (+61.62 %). Additionally, the PV facilitated a shift in species composition from species of Compositae family in the OPV to species of Amaranthaceae, Graminae and Chenopodiaceae families in the IPV, also increased the proportion of edible forage species and inhibited forbs species. Overall, the PV system promotes vegetation restoration and alters plant community structure and diversity by improving arid sandy soil microhabitat conditions, offering insights into the ecological impacts of PV infrastructure in arid ecosystems.

在干旱沙地建设太阳能跟踪光伏（PV）系统显示出恢复植物群落多样性和生产力的潜力，但其机制尚不清楚。本文利用干旱沙地连续土壤温湿度监测数据，通过改善微生境，探讨光伏系统对植物群落结构和多样性的贡献。结果表明：与系统外区相比，系统内区通过光伏板的降雨积累增加了降雨分配，光合有效辐射减少了70.40%；同时，IPV显著降低了春、夏、冬季白天土壤温度，增加了春、秋、冬季白天和夜间土壤湿度。此外，IPV显著提高了植物盖度（+ 43.71%）、密度（+ 51.34%）、地上生物量（+ 93.80%）和总生物量（+ 47.59%）。IPV区植物多样性显著高于OPV区，分别为Shannon-Wiener指数（+ 40.75%）、Simpson多样性指数（+ 27.96%）和物种丰富度（+ 61.62%）。此外，植物多样性还促进了植物群落中菊科物种向紫花科、禾本科和藜科物种的转变，增加了可食用饲料物种的比例，抑制了牧草物种的生长。总体而言，光伏系统通过改善干旱沙质土壤微生境条件，促进植被恢复，改变植物群落结构和多样性，为研究光伏基础设施对干旱生态系统的生态影响提供了新的思路。

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引用次数: 0

Plant conservation hologenomics: integrating population genomics with mycobiome assessments for protected orchid species 植物保护全基因组学：整合种群基因组学与兰花保护物种真菌群落评估

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127172

Ida Hartvig , Ida Junker Madsen , Maria Sophie Bünner , André Bourbonnais , Henrik Ærenlund Pedersen , Lene Rostgaard Nielsen , M.Thomas P. Gilbert

Growing evidence of the microbiome’s importance for plant ecology highlights the need for conservation strategies that consider both plants and their microbial partners, the holobiont. Population genomics are valuable tools for designing conservation strategies but rarely accounts for host- or site-specific microbial interactions. Orchids, with their dependence on specific mycorrhizal fungi, exemplify the need to include the microbiome in conservation planning. We here combine population genomics with exploration of root mycobiomes for three closely related orchid taxa (Platanthera chlorantha, P. bifolia var. bifolia and P. bifolia var. latissima) across 22 populations in Denmark to identify ecologically and evolutionary significant units. Our data revealed that Platanthera chlorantha and P. bifolia s.l. hosted different mycobiomes, suggesting a strong host effect on the fungal symbionts. Population genomic analyses identified three different clusters, one matching P. bifolia var. bifolia and two clusters dividing P. chlorantha into two geographically separate units. The genomic profile of P. bifolia var. latissima was similar to that of P. bifolia var. bifolia but indicated some introgression from P. chlorantha. By combining the mycobiome and population genomic data we reveal that the three detected clusters were associated with different mycobiomes, resulting in a significant correlation between host genomics and mycobiome. Root mycobiomes were correlated with variation in soil nutrients, suggesting a role of the orchids’ fungal partners in adaptation to local edaphic conditions. We propose to identify evolutionary significant units in Platanthera in Denmark based on the novel combination of host genomic and mycobiome profiles, in a conservation hologenomics approach.

越来越多的证据表明微生物组对植物生态的重要性，这凸显了保护策略的必要性，既要考虑植物，也要考虑它们的微生物伙伴——全息生物。种群基因组学是设计保护策略的宝贵工具，但很少考虑宿主或特定地点的微生物相互作用。兰花依赖于特定的菌根真菌，因此需要将微生物组纳入保护规划。在此，我们将群体基因组学与对丹麦22个种群中三个密切相关的兰花分类群（Platanthera chlorantha， P. bifolia var. bifolia和P. bifolia var. latissima）的根真菌群落的探索相结合，以确定生态和进化上的重要单位。我们的数据显示，Platanthera chlorantha和P. bifolia s.l.有不同的真菌群落，表明宿主对真菌共生体有很强的影响。种群基因组分析确定了三个不同的集群，一个匹配双歧双歧豆，两个集群将绿antha划分为两个地理上独立的单位。双歧豆的基因组图谱与双歧豆相似，但有来自绿花豆的基因渗入。通过结合真菌组和群体基因组数据，我们发现三个检测到的集群与不同的真菌组相关，从而导致宿主基因组学和真菌组之间存在显着相关性。根真菌群落与土壤养分变化相关，表明兰科植物的真菌伴侣在适应当地土壤条件方面发挥了作用。我们建议在保护全基因组学方法中，基于宿主基因组和真菌组谱的新组合，确定丹麦Platanthera的进化重要单位。

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引用次数: 0

Does rural households’ participation in watershed eco-compensation policies help reduce their livelihood vulnerability? Findings from the Xin’an river basin 农户参与流域生态补偿政策是否有助于降低其生计脆弱性？新安河流域的发现

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127166

Yisheng Ren , Han Han , Lin Lu , Hao Cheng , Cheng Yang

Reducing livelihood vulnerability enables rural households to mitigate external risks, enhance their adaptive capacity, and promote sustainable livelihood development. Watershed eco-compensation is an important public governmental policy for protecting water resources. By doing so, it fosters sustainable economic and social development in river basins. However, the effects of watershed eco-compensation policies on the livelihood vulnerability of rural households have not been determined. In response to this shortcoming, we conducted a survey of 203 rural households residing within the Xin’an River Basin to investigate the effects of watershed eco-compensation policies on the livelihood vulnerability of rural households. The results indicated that the watershed eco-compensation policies significantly lowered the livelihood vulnerability of rural households. Moreover, rural households with higher vulnerability were more affected by the watershed eco-compensation policies than those with lower vulnerability. An analysis of how watershed eco-compensation policies influence the livelihood vulnerability of rural households revealed that income diversification and the transformation of individual development concepts played significant roles as mediating factors. These findings indicate that policies must continue to incorporate eco-compensation schemes to preserve aquatic ecosystems, and parallel efforts should be made to boost rural adaptive capacity through enhanced risk awareness and skill development.

降低生计脆弱性使农户能够减轻外部风险，增强适应能力，促进可持续生计发展。流域生态补偿是政府保护水资源的一项重要公共政策。通过这样做，它促进了流域的可持续经济和社会发展。然而，流域生态补偿政策对农户生计脆弱性的影响尚未确定。针对这一不足，本文以新安河流域203户农户为研究对象，探讨了流域生态补偿政策对农户生计脆弱性的影响。结果表明，流域生态补偿政策显著降低了农户生计脆弱性。此外，脆弱性较高的农户受流域生态补偿政策的影响大于脆弱性较低的农户。流域生态补偿政策对农户生计脆弱性的影响分析表明，收入多样化和个体发展观念的转变是影响农户生计脆弱性的重要中介因素。这些发现表明，政策必须继续纳入生态补偿计划，以保护水生生态系统，同时应通过提高风险意识和技能发展来提高农村的适应能力。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-species distribution modeling of big cats in the Chindwin River Watershed of Myanmar 缅甸钦德温河流域大型猫科动物的多物种分布模型

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127169

Theint Thandar Bol , Min Hein Htike , Todd K. Fuller , Saw Htun , Hla Naing , Saw Htoo Tha Po , Timothy O. Randhir

Large felids, including Bengal tigers (Panthera tigris tigris), Indochinese leopards (Panthera pardus delacouri), and Mainland clouded leopards (Neofelis nebulosa) in Southeast Asia, face imminent threats due to overexploitation, habitat destruction, and the adverse impacts of climate change. The Chindwin River Basin (CRB) in Myanmar has witnessed a decline in the populations of these big cats, attributed to deforestation, habitat loss, and illegal wildlife trade. This study addresses a crucial knowledge gap by assessing the combined impact of climate and land use on the distribution of large felids in the CRB. We gathered presence-only GPS points of three felid species through extensive camera trap surveys conducted between 2013 and 2018, primarily in critical areas of Hukaung Valley Wildlife Sanctuary, Htamanthi Wildlife Sanctuary, Alaungdaw Kathapa National Park, and Hphonkanrazi Wildlife Sanctuary. Incorporating environmental variables such as altitude, slope, aspect, land cover types, and bioclimatic data, we employed ten algorithms and an ensemble modeling approach to develop Species Distribution Models (SDMs) for the three felid species. Our study observes that suitable habitats for large felids in the CRB are not uniformly distributed. Although protected areas cover a significant portion of suitable habitat (57%), crucial areas outside reserves are indispensable for the survival of these species. Environmental variables, including elevation, slope, land cover types, and human-related activities, influence the distribution patterns. The intricate relationship of felids with river ecosystems emphasizes the necessity for targeted conservation measures along riparian zones. Climate variables, encompassing temperature and precipitation fluctuations, also significantly influence felid distribution. These findings underscore the importance of expanding conservation focus beyond existing protected areas to include key unprotected habitats and future connectivity corridors planning.

东南亚的孟加拉虎（Panthera tigris tigris）、印度支那豹（Panthera pardus delacouri）和大陆云豹（Neofelis nebulosa）等大型猫科动物由于过度开发、栖息地破坏和气候变化的不利影响而面临迫在眉睫的威胁。由于森林砍伐、栖息地丧失和非法野生动物贸易，缅甸钦德温河流域（CRB）的这些大型猫科动物数量正在下降。本研究通过评估气候和土地利用对CRB大型农田分布的综合影响，解决了一个关键的知识缺口。在2013年至2018年期间，我们通过广泛的相机陷阱调查，主要在Hukaung Valley野生动物保护区、Htamanthi野生动物保护区、Alaungdaw Kathapa国家公园和Hphonkanrazi野生动物保护区的关键区域收集了三种猫科动物的仅存在的GPS点。结合海拔、坡度、坡向、土地覆盖类型和生物气候等环境变量，采用10种算法和集成建模方法建立了3种野外物种的物种分布模型（SDMs）。我们的研究发现，CRB中大型田块的适宜生境分布并不均匀。虽然保护区覆盖了相当大一部分（57%）的适宜栖息地，但保护区之外的关键区域对这些物种的生存是不可或缺的。环境变量，包括海拔、坡度、土地覆盖类型和与人类有关的活动，都会影响分布格局。田野与河流生态系统的复杂关系强调了沿河岸带采取有针对性保护措施的必要性。包括温度和降水波动在内的气候变量也显著影响田间分布。这些发现强调了将保护重点从现有保护区扩展到包括关键的未受保护栖息地和未来连通性走廊规划的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Integrating remote sensing and ecological niche modeling to assess shifts in vegetation communities in Egypt’s western Mediterranean 结合遥感和生态位模型评估埃及地中海西部植被群落的变化

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127167

Heba Bedair , Marwa W.A. Halmy , Kamal Shaltout

Niche modeling is an effective tool to forecast change in taxa range and evaluate the impacts of human activities on specific species in desert environments. Despite their utility, these methods are rarely applied to Mediterranean plants of Egypt, likely due to the inhospitable nature of many desert areas. The present study attempts to identify the habitat suitable for vegetation communities, and identify environmental drivers of their distribution, and assess the effect of human’s activity on the land cover in the Mareotis subsector of Egypt. Using occurrence data from 36 environmental variables and 291 plots, the Maxent algorithm was utilized to forecast the suitability of the habitat for four vegetation communities. Additionally, seven Landsat 8 satellite images were analyzed and classified using supervised classification to track land use/ cover changes (LULC). The Area Under the Curve (AUC) values of the models exceeded 0.9, revealing strong prediction accuracy, and reliable forecasts of Mediterranean plant communities’ possible geographical distribution. Elevation, wind speed, and the lowest temperature of the coldest month were the key bioclimatic drivers influencing the distribution of the majority of groups. The Rocky and gravelly area emerged as the predominant land use category, covering 59.9% of the region. However, 4% of the natural land cover has been converted to croplands, roads, resorts, and built-up areas due to human activities as of 2020. The study’s conclusions can help guide management plans meant to save the area’s species. Furthermore, similar research in dry regions undergoing comparable land use shifts might use the approach and findings as a reference.

生态位模型是预测荒漠环境中特定物种类群范围变化和评价人类活动对其影响的有效工具。尽管这些方法很有用，但很少应用于埃及的地中海植物，可能是由于许多沙漠地区的不适宜居住的性质。本研究旨在确定埃及Mareotis亚区适合植被群落的生境，确定其分布的环境驱动因素，并评估人类活动对土地覆盖的影响。利用36个环境变量和291个样地的发生数据，利用Maxent算法对4种植被群落的生境适宜性进行了预测。此外，对7幅Landsat 8卫星图像进行了分析和分类，采用监督分类方法跟踪土地利用/覆盖变化（LULC）。模型的曲线下面积（Area Under The Curve， AUC）值均超过0.9，预测精度较高，对地中海植物群落可能的地理分布有较好的预测效果。海拔、风速和最冷月份的最低温度是影响大多数类群分布的主要生物气候驱动因素。岩石和砾石区是主要的土地利用类型，占区域面积的59.9%。然而，截至2020年，由于人类活动，4%的自然土地覆盖已被转化为农田、道路、度假村和建成区。这项研究的结论可以帮助指导旨在拯救该地区物种的管理计划。此外，在经历类似土地利用变化的干旱地区进行的类似研究可以将该方法和研究结果作为参考。

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引用次数: 0