Journal for Nature Conservation最新文献_第5页

Mermaids in pools: Ex-situ conservation as a cornerstone for sirenian management worldwide 水池中的美人鱼：移地保护是全球美人鱼管理的基石

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127157

D.N. Castelblanco-Martínez , E.A. Ramos , A. Alvarez-Aleman , L. von Fersen , R.S. Amaral , F.L.N. Attademo , J.C.G. Borges , L.J. Cabrias-Contreras , D. Caicedo-Herrera , T. Calleson , V.L. Carvalho , A. Dávila-Peñaloza , A.C.B. Freire , J.L. García-Herrera , D. Gonzalez-Socoloske , L. Keith-Diagne , S.S. Landeo-Yauri , F. Luna , A. Llinás-Pizarro , M. Marmontel , A.A. Mignucci-Giannoni

Four extant sirenian species are currently recognized: the dugong (Dugong dugon), the African manatee (Trichechus senegalensis), the Amazonian manatee (T. inunguis), and the American manatee (T. manatus), the latter with two subspecies: the Florida manatee (T. m. latirostris) and the Greater Caribbean manatee (T. m. manatus). All the species are considered Endangered or Vulnerable globally mainly due to anthropogenic threats. For the first time, we assessed the status of the extant sirenian species living ex-situ at a global scale to estimate population structure, described facility and management types, and pinpointed challenges and opportunities for achieving effective species management. At the time of this analysis, 490 sirenians (42.2 % females, 45.7 % males and 12.0 % of unknown sex) were held at 71 facilities in 24 countries, most of them being American manatees (53.3 %), followed by Amazonian (37.9 %), and African manatees (7.7 %). This population also includes three dugongs and two wild-born hybrids T. manatus X T. inunguis. A significant number of manatees (61.2 %) are undergoing management for rehabilitation objectives, including a future release. However, an important proportion (38.7 %) have no release programs in place. Additionally, we estimated a population of 126 – 131 Greater Caribbean and Amazonian manatees currently isolated from wild populations in low-management or minimal-management settings. This study provides the most comprehensive inventory of sirenians currently living ex-situ. By defining their individual management plan, establishing minimum welfare standards, and implementing structured management practices, these individuals can play a critical role in raising awareness, advancing research, and supporting the conservation of wild populations of sirenians.

目前已知的海牛有四种：儒艮（dugong dugon）、非洲海牛（Trichechus senegalensis）、亚马逊海牛（T. inunguis）和美洲海牛（T. manatus），后者有两个亚种：佛罗里达海牛（T. m. latirostris）和大加勒比海牛（T. m. manatus）。所有的物种都被认为是濒危或脆弱的全球主要由于人为的威胁。本文首次在全球范围内评估了现存的海蝇物种的迁移状况，以估计种群结构，描述了设施和管理类型，并确定了实现有效物种管理的挑战和机遇。在此分析时，490只海牛（42.2%为雌性，45.7%为雄性，12.0%为未知性别）被关押在24个国家的71个设施中，其中大多数是美洲海牛（53.3%），其次是亚马逊海牛（37.9%）和非洲海牛（7.7%）。这个种群还包括三只儒艮和两只野生杂交品种。大量海牛（61.2%）正在接受康复管理，包括未来放生。然而，重要比例（38.7%）没有适当的释放程序。此外，我们估计目前有126 - 131只大加勒比和亚马逊海牛在低管理或最低管理环境中与野生种群隔离。这项研究提供了目前生活在异地的最全面的西雷尼人清单。通过制定个体管理计划，建立最低福利标准，实施结构化管理实践，这些个体可以在提高认识，推进研究和支持野生sirenian种群保护方面发挥关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Inclusion of social values, priorities, and motivations for mangrove conservation in Bhitarkanika, India 印度Bhitarkanika红树林保护的社会价值、优先事项和动机

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127174

Dina Nethisa Rasquinha , Nibedita Mukherjee , Deepak R. Mishra

The reciprocal relationships between human communities and mangrove forests, how people relate with, perceive, and maintain these seascapes, has received little attention in the ecosystem services literature, which has largely focused on the benefits mangroves provide rather than the relational values embedded in human-nature connections. This study distinguishes the value-preference paradigm in a protected mangrove forest region, Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary, on the east coast of India. We ask how exclusion impacts local values, motivations, and priorities toward mangrove forest conservation. Using Q-methodology, a mixed-method approach, we identify the narratives that dominate the human-mangrove reciprocal sphere among different participant groups and gender. Our findings reveal three distinct narratives: livelihood security (30 %) that calls for both current and perceived focus on quality-of-life attributes in the region closely related to the livelihoods of the local people, conservation value through management (16 %) which drives the management regime of this region, and sense of place (13 %) that reinforces the importance of recognizing social and cultural norms. Differences in perspectives were also evident between participant groups (Researchers, NGO Workers, Government Officials, vs Villagers) and influenced by gender, accentuating the need for both value-centered and gender-sensitive approaches for mangrove conservation.

在生态系统服务文献中，人类社区和红树林之间的相互关系，以及人们如何与这些海景联系、感知和维护这些海景，很少受到关注，这些文献主要关注红树林提供的好处，而不是人与自然联系中嵌入的关系价值。本研究在印度东海岸的Bhitarkanika野生动物保护区红树林保护区中区分了价值偏好范式。我们询问排斥如何影响当地的价值观、动机和红树林保护的优先事项。使用q -方法论（一种混合方法），我们确定了在不同参与者群体和性别之间主导人类-红树林互惠领域的叙述。我们的研究结果揭示了三种不同的叙述：生计安全（30%）要求当前和感知关注与当地人民生计密切相关的地区生活质量属性，通过管理驱动该地区管理制度的保护价值（16%），以及加强认识社会和文化规范重要性的地方感（13%）。参与群体（研究人员、非政府组织工作人员、政府官员和村民）之间的观点差异也很明显，并受到性别的影响，因此需要采取以价值为中心和对性别问题敏感的方法来保护红树林。

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引用次数: 0

Investigating the threats of sustainable ecotourism by integrating the norms with GIS and remotely sensed data 结合GIS和遥感数据，探讨可持续生态旅游的威胁

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127198

Shakib Hadifar, Jamil Amanollahi, Loghman Emamgholi, Navid Zamani

Identifying ecotourism potential alone is insufficient for achieving sustainability unless ecological conditions are combined with an assessment of the social norms that influence environmental behavior. This study integrates GIS and remotely sensed data with a social-norm analysis to evaluate threats to sustainable ecotourism in the Badr and Parishan protected areas in Qorveh, Iran. Landsat OLI/TM imagery (30 m spatial resolution) and an AHP-based multi-criteria model were used to map ecotourism suitability based on eight indicators including land use, elevation, vegetation density, aspect, slope, soil taxonomy, distance from roads, and proximity to water sources. In parallel, 384 questionnaires were analyzed to examine three primary norms—legal, participatory, and normative beliefs—along with the intermediary variables of environmental concern (EC), awareness of negative consequences (ANCB), and acceptance of environmental responsibility (AER). Path analysis showed that legal norms (β = 0.329), normative beliefs (β = 0.371), and participatory norms (β = 0.220) exert the strongest direct effects on sustainable ecotourism, whereas EC (β = 0.124), ANCB (β = 0.074), and AER (β = 0.129) demonstrate weaker effects. Integrating spatial and behavioral components revealed that areas with high ecological suitability are simultaneously suitable for rainfed farming, making them vulnerable to land-use conversion if legal protection weakens. The findings highlight the need for targeted policy interventions, including strengthened legal enforcement in ecologically sensitive zones and community-based programs to enhance environmental responsibility.

除非将生态条件与对影响环境行为的社会规范的评估结合起来，否则仅确定生态旅游潜力不足以实现可持续性。本研究将GIS和遥感数据与社会规范分析相结合，以评估伊朗Qorveh巴德尔和帕里山保护区可持续生态旅游面临的威胁。利用Landsat OLI/TM影像（30 m空间分辨率）和基于ahp的多准则模型，基于土地利用、高程、植被密度、坡向、坡度、土壤分类、道路距离和距离水源等8个指标绘制生态旅游适宜性图。同时，对384份问卷进行了分析，以检验三个主要规范——法律、参与性和规范性信念——以及环境关注（EC）、负面后果意识（ANCB）和环境责任接受（AER）等中介变量。通径分析表明，法律规范（β = 0.329）、规范信念（β = 0.371）和参与性规范（β = 0.220）对可持续生态旅游的直接影响最强，而EC （β = 0.124）、ANCB （β = 0.074）和AER （β = 0.129）的影响较弱。综合空间和行为因素发现，生态适宜性高的地区同时适合雨养农业，但在法律保护减弱的情况下，易发生土地利用转换。研究结果强调了有针对性的政策干预的必要性，包括加强生态敏感区的执法和以社区为基础的项目，以增强环境责任。

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引用次数: 0

Does rural households’ participation in watershed eco-compensation policies help reduce their livelihood vulnerability? Findings from the Xin’an river basin 农户参与流域生态补偿政策是否有助于降低其生计脆弱性？新安河流域的发现

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127166

Yisheng Ren , Han Han , Lin Lu , Hao Cheng , Cheng Yang

Reducing livelihood vulnerability enables rural households to mitigate external risks, enhance their adaptive capacity, and promote sustainable livelihood development. Watershed eco-compensation is an important public governmental policy for protecting water resources. By doing so, it fosters sustainable economic and social development in river basins. However, the effects of watershed eco-compensation policies on the livelihood vulnerability of rural households have not been determined. In response to this shortcoming, we conducted a survey of 203 rural households residing within the Xin’an River Basin to investigate the effects of watershed eco-compensation policies on the livelihood vulnerability of rural households. The results indicated that the watershed eco-compensation policies significantly lowered the livelihood vulnerability of rural households. Moreover, rural households with higher vulnerability were more affected by the watershed eco-compensation policies than those with lower vulnerability. An analysis of how watershed eco-compensation policies influence the livelihood vulnerability of rural households revealed that income diversification and the transformation of individual development concepts played significant roles as mediating factors. These findings indicate that policies must continue to incorporate eco-compensation schemes to preserve aquatic ecosystems, and parallel efforts should be made to boost rural adaptive capacity through enhanced risk awareness and skill development.

降低生计脆弱性使农户能够减轻外部风险，增强适应能力，促进可持续生计发展。流域生态补偿是政府保护水资源的一项重要公共政策。通过这样做，它促进了流域的可持续经济和社会发展。然而，流域生态补偿政策对农户生计脆弱性的影响尚未确定。针对这一不足，本文以新安河流域203户农户为研究对象，探讨了流域生态补偿政策对农户生计脆弱性的影响。结果表明，流域生态补偿政策显著降低了农户生计脆弱性。此外，脆弱性较高的农户受流域生态补偿政策的影响大于脆弱性较低的农户。流域生态补偿政策对农户生计脆弱性的影响分析表明，收入多样化和个体发展观念的转变是影响农户生计脆弱性的重要中介因素。这些发现表明，政策必须继续纳入生态补偿计划，以保护水生生态系统，同时应通过提高风险意识和技能发展来提高农村的适应能力。

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引用次数: 0

Genetic diversity hotspots of trematodes (Platyhelminthes) in Mexico and their overlap with protected natural areas 墨西哥吸虫遗传多样性热点及其与自然保护区的重叠

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127188

Yanet Velázquez-Urrieta , Verónica Mendoza-Portillo , Francisco Javier García-De León

Genetic diversity (GD) is a fundamental component of biodiversity that remains largely overlooked in conservation planning, especially for parasitic taxa. Trematodes are among the most diverse and ecologically important parasitic groups, although their GD across regions remains poorly characterized. Here we analyze the nucleotide diversity (π) and haplotype diversity (Hd) of mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear (28S) genes using sequences available in public datasets to: (i) represent the spatial patterns genetic diversity at the family level of trematodes across Mexican biogeographic provinces and Protected Natural Areas (PNAs); (ii) identify regions with the highest GD (hotspots); and (iii) to explore how environmental factors influence genetic diversity patterns. We identified some GD patterns, as well as GD hotspots in center and southeastern Mexico, particularly in the states of Michoacán, Estado de México, Veracruz, Tabasco, Chiapas, and Oaxaca. Correlation and model selection analysis revealed multiples environmental variables that can influence the GD of trematodes, as temperature seasonality (BIO4), max temperature of warmest month (BIO5), annual temperature range (BIO7), precipitation of the wettest quarter (BIO16), precipitation of warmest quarter (BIO18) and vegetation type. Furthermore, we found that 37 of 67 PNAs in the southeast overlapped with cells mapped with high-GD, suggesting that existing PNAs may preserve GD. However, public databases are still limited, highlight the need to promote more targeted studies that include parasitic taxa in conservation initiatives. This work contributes to the integration of genetic indicators into biodiversity monitoring, in line with the objectives of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.

遗传多样性（GD）是生物多样性的一个基本组成部分，但在保护规划中，尤其是寄生分类群，在很大程度上仍被忽视。吸虫是最多样化和生态上重要的寄生群体之一，尽管它们在各地区的GD特征仍然很差。本文利用公共数据集的序列分析了线粒体（COI）和核（28S）基因的核苷酸多样性（π）和单倍型多样性（Hd），以：(i)代表墨西哥生物地理省和自然保护区（PNAs）吸虫在家族水平上的遗传多样性的空间格局；（ii）确定gdp最高的地区（热点）；（三）探讨环境因素对遗传多样性模式的影响。我们确定了一些GD模式，以及墨西哥中部和东南部的GD热点，特别是在Michoacán、Estado de m录影带、韦拉克鲁斯、塔巴斯科、恰帕斯和瓦哈卡州。相关分析和模型选择分析显示，影响吸虫GD的环境变量包括温度季节性（BIO4）、最暖月最高温度（BIO5）、年温差（BIO7）、最湿季降水（BIO16）、最暖季降水（BIO18）和植被类型等。此外，我们发现东南部的67个PNAs中有37个与高GD定位的细胞重叠，这表明现有的PNAs可能保留GD。然而，公共数据库仍然有限，这突出了在保护计划中促进更有针对性的研究，包括寄生分类群的需要。这项工作有助于将遗传指标纳入生物多样性监测，符合《昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架》的目标。

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引用次数: 0

Spatiotemporal dynamics of land use and Indian pangolin habitat in western Pakistan: insights from landsat imagery and generalized linear models 巴基斯坦西部土地利用和印度穿山甲栖息地的时空动态：来自陆地卫星图像和广义线性模型的见解

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127197

Tariq Ahmad , Arshad Ali , Faraz Akrim , Bo Li , Faizan Ahmad , Khuzin Dinislam

The Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) is an endangered, nocturnal mammal threatened by habitat loss and illegal trade. This study explores the spatio-temporal effects of land use and land cover (LULC) changes on their occurrence in six districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, from 2003 to 2023. It examines the impact of habitat type, elevation, soil pH, Landsat indices (NDVI, NDMI, NDWI), and climate variables (precipitation, mean temperature). Using multitemporal Landsat imagery and binomial generalized linear models (GLMs) at the site level (2 km line-transects, 50 m strip width; 0.10k m2 per site), we analyzed changes in LULC and their influence on pangolin 2023 presence and regional extirpation (present in 2003 but absent in 2023), which was supported by field surveys and local reports. The investigation highlights significant shifts in habitat suitability amid rapid urbanization and landscape transformations. Field surveys and local reports confirm the presence of pangolins in all varieties of habitats. We modeled site-level presence/absence and a binary extirpation outcome (present in 2003, absent in 2023), screened predictors for collinearity (|r| ≥ 0.7), tested residual spatial autocorrelation (Moran’s I; not significant), and evaluated discrimination with spatial cross-validation. The final 2023 presence model retained elevation, soil pH, NDWI, and temperature; the extirpation model retained ΔNDMI, ΔNDWI, Δprecipitation, Δtemperature, elevation, and soil pH. Spatial cross-validated AUCs were low (≈0.49–0.50), and odds-ratio 95 % CIs overlapped 1, indicating that vegetation indices and coarse climate alone did not strongly explain present occupancy or local loss at the analyzed scale. Land-use and land-cover analysis exposed a rapid urban expansion, with built-up areas increasing by 1,130.47 km² and barren lands declining by 1,274.14 km². Forested habitats that supported pangolins in 2003 showed reduced suitability by 2023, with the species disappearing from 35 of 102 sites. These regional extirpations showed the impact of habitat changes and urbanization on pangolin persistence. The findings underscore the need for wildlife corridors, habitat restoration, and sustainable land-use planning to mitigate further biodiversity loss.

印度穿山甲（maniis crassicaudata）是一种濒危的夜行哺乳动物，受到栖息地丧失和非法贸易的威胁。研究了2003 - 2023年巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省6个地区土地利用和土地覆盖变化对土地利用和土地覆盖发生的时空影响。它考察了生境类型、海拔、土壤pH、Landsat指数（NDVI、NDMI、NDWI）和气候变量（降水、平均温度）的影响。利用多时相Landsat影像和二项广义线性模型（GLMs）在立地水平（2 km样线，50 m条宽，0.10k m2 /立地）分析了LULC的变化及其对穿山甲2023年存在和区域灭绝（2003年有，2023年无）的影响。该调查强调了在快速城市化和景观转变中栖息地适宜性的重大变化。实地调查和当地报告证实穿山甲在各种栖息地都有存在。我们对站点水平的存在/缺失和二元剔除结果（2003年存在，2023年不存在）进行建模，筛选共线性预测因子（|或|≥0.7），检验残差空间自相关性（Moran 's I；不显著），并通过空间交叉验证评估歧视。最终的2023年存在模型保留了海拔、土壤pH、NDWI和温度；该模型保留了ΔNDMI、ΔNDWI、Δprecipitation、Δtemperature、海拔和土壤ph。空间交叉验证的auc较低（≈0.49-0.50），比值比95%的ci重叠为1，表明仅植被指数和粗糙气候不能很好地解释所分析尺度上的当前占用或局部损失。土地利用和土地覆被分析显示城市扩张迅速，建成区面积增加1,130.47 km2，荒地面积减少1,274.14 km2。2003年支持穿山甲的森林栖息地在2023年显示出适应性下降，102个地点中的35个已经消失。这些区域灭绝显示了栖息地变化和城市化对穿山甲持久性的影响。研究结果强调了野生动物走廊、栖息地恢复和可持续土地利用规划的必要性，以减轻进一步的生物多样性丧失。

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引用次数: 0

The impacts of hydrogeomorphic dynamics of a braided river and damming on gymnocypris eckloni habitat 辫状河水文地貌动力学及筑坝对裸鲤生境的影响

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127190

William Bol Yaak Giet , Yacun Yang , Zhiwei Li , Chenyang Cao , Qianqian Wang , Shikang Liu , Nan Wang , Hao Zheng , Yingjun Xu , Weiwei Yao

Braided rivers are vital ecosystems with intricate channel systems that support diverse aquatic life; yet their hydrogeomorphic complexity and the impacts of damming on Gymnocypris eckloni (G. eckloni) remain poorly understood. This study focuses on the Guide Reach of the upper Yellow River, examining how these factors (hydrogeomorphic complexity of braided channels and damming) affect G. eckloni habitat. We developed an ecohydraulic model integrated with TELEMAC 2D to assess hydrodynamic conditions across different discharge scenarios and to evaluate dam impacts over five key years: 1976 (before dams), 1987, 1997, 2007 (during dam construction), and 2017 (after dams). The results show significant changes in flow velocities due to dam construction. For instance, average low discharge velocities rose from 0.1- 0.15 m/s in 1976 to around 0.2 m/s from 1987 to 2017, altering river channels and negatively impacting G. eckloni, especially during spawning. Spawning success was closely linked to substrate quality (r(HSI-substrate) ≈0.82; p < 0.01) but less so to water depth (r(HSI-depth) ≈ 0.2; p < 0.01), highlighting their sensitivity to substrate changes. Moderate discharge appears beneficial for habitat quality, suggesting that effective management of river systems is essential for maintaining ecological integrity and preserving biodiversity in these vulnerable freshwater habitats.

辫状河是重要的生态系统，拥有复杂的河道系统，支持着多种水生生物；然而，它们的水文地貌复杂性和筑坝对eckloni裸鱼（G. eckloni）的影响仍然知之甚少。本研究以黄河上游导流段为研究对象，探讨辫状河道水文地貌复杂性和筑坝等因素对黄颡鱼生境的影响。我们开发了一个与TELEMAC 2D集成的生态水力模型，以评估不同排放情景下的水动力条件，并评估五个关键年份(1976年（大坝建成前）、1987年、1997年、2007年（大坝建设期间）和2017年（大坝建成后）的大坝影响。结果表明，由于大坝建设，水流速度发生了显著变化。例如，平均低流量速度从1976年的0.1- 0.15 m/s上升到1987年至2017年的0.2 m/s左右，改变了河道并对G. eckloni产生了负面影响，特别是在产卵期间。产卵成功率与底物质量密切相关(r（hsi -底物）≈0.82；p < 0.01)，但对水深的影响较小(r(HSI-depth)≈0.2；P < 0.01)，突出了它们对底物变化的敏感性。适度排放似乎有利于生境质量，这表明有效管理河流系统对于维持这些脆弱淡水生境的生态完整性和保护生物多样性至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Land-use/land cover change for three decades and the environmental policies impacts on forest recovery in Chirripó Pacífico catchment, Pérez Zeledón, Costa Rica 三十年来土地利用/土地覆盖的变化和环境政策对哥斯达黎加psamurez Zeledón流域森林恢复的影响

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127171

Luis Diego Rodríguez-Bonilla, Adolfo Quesada-Román

Deforestation and intensive agriculture threaten soil health and associated ecosystems. Southern Costa Rica has very dynamic tectonic and climatic conditions among a rural context. Deforestation and unsustainable agricultural practices in the Chirripó Pacífico catchment have resulted in soil damage and diminished ecosystem benefits over time. We aim to study land use and land cover change (LULCC) between 1986 and 2019 (33 years) using data from the REDD + project (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) and Corine Land Cover (CLC) inventory for Costa Rica. We contrasted the LULCC between the periods 1986–1998, 1998–2008, and 2008–2019 using a transition matrix (cross-tabulation matrix) of land-cover losses and gains (in hectares). A 6.1 % increase in dense forest cover was observed, except for the period between 1986 and 1998, during which there was a slight conversion of forest to pastureland. This forest recovery can be attributed to shifts in the national economy, environmental regulations established in the 1990s, and citizen participative awareness. These measures were aimed at strengthening Chirripó National Park in the upper section of the catchment and preserving the rural environment. The study elucidates how environmental policies and regulations, along with community engagement, can foster forest recovery, offering transferable insights for sustainable land management in other developing regions.

森林砍伐和集约化农业威胁着土壤健康和相关的生态系统。哥斯达黎加南部在农村环境中具有非常动态的构造和气候条件。随着时间的推移，Chirripó Pacífico流域的森林砍伐和不可持续的农业做法造成了土壤破坏和生态系统效益的减少。我们的目标是研究1986年至2019年（33年）期间的土地利用和土地覆盖变化（LULCC），使用来自哥斯达黎加REDD +项目（减少森林砍伐和森林退化造成的排放）和Corine土地覆盖（CLC）清单的数据。我们使用土地覆盖损失和收益（以公顷为单位）的过渡矩阵（交叉表矩阵）对比了1986-1998年、1998-2008年和2008-2019年期间的LULCC。除1986年至1998年期间有轻微的森林向牧场的转变外，茂密的森林覆盖率增加了6.1%。这种森林恢复可以归因于国民经济的转变、20世纪90年代建立的环境法规以及公民的参与意识。这些措施的目的是加强集水区上游的Chirripó国家公园和保护农村环境。该研究阐明了环境政策和法规以及社区参与如何能够促进森林恢复，为其他发展中地区的可持续土地管理提供可转让的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Peatland and forest edges influence the abundance of Gondwanan moss bugs (Hemiptera: Peloridiidae) in threatened South American wetlands 泥炭地和森林边缘影响受威胁的南美湿地冈瓦南苔藓虫（半翅目：蛾科）的丰度

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127183

Vanessa Durán-Sanzana, Rodrigo M. Barahona-Segovia

Peloridiidae, a crucial family for understanding Hemiptera evolution, are insects closely associated with bryophytes, earning them the common name “moss bugs.“ Peloridium pomponorum is a moss bug limited to Chiloé Island (Chile) and mainly inhabits Sphagnum in glaciogenic and anthropogenic peatlands, as well as in Metrosideros stipularis forests —ecosystems increasingly threatened by human activities. To study its habitat use and conservation status, we sampled 15 sites across Chiloé, recording the numbers of adults and nymphs in relation to habitat type (glaciogenic and anthropogenic peatlands, and forest) habitat zone (edge, intermediate, and core), and season. Abundance patterns were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis tests and negative binomial generalized linear mixed models to evaluate predictor effects. Results indicate that adult and total abundance were significantly higher in edge habitats, while nymph and total abundances were higher in anthropogenic peatlands. Seasonal variations were observed, with higher nymph and total abundance during summer compared to autumn and winter. Habitat zone, particularly the edge, was the most influential predictor for adults, nymphs, and total abundance. The species’ geographic range is limited (3,654 km2 EOO; 44 km2 AOO), with nine localities and eight subpopulations. Ongoing deforestation and moss harvesting indicate an inferred decline in habitat quality. Analysis from inferred sites of occupancy revealed a severely fragmented distribution, supporting its classification as Vulnerable under IUCN criteria B1ab(iii) + B2ab(iii). Our findings underscore the importance of conserving peatlands and Sphagnum-associated forests, especially edge habitats. Future research should include vegetation structure, microclimate, and adopt adaptive management approaches to guide conservation strategies.

苔藓虫科是了解半翅目昆虫进化的一个重要科，是与苔藓植物密切相关的昆虫，因此它们被称为“苔藓虫”。Peloridium pomponorum是一种局限于chilo岛（智利）的苔藓虫，主要栖息于冰川期和人为泥炭地的泥炭沼，以及受到人类活动日益威胁的托马森林生态系统中。为了研究其栖息地的利用和保护现状，我们在chilo的15个地点取样，记录了成虫和若虫的数量与栖息地类型（冰原、人为泥炭地和森林）、栖息地带（边缘、中间和核心）和季节的关系。用Kruskal-Wallis检验和负二项广义线性混合模型分析丰度模式以评估预测因子的效果。结果表明，边缘生境的成虫丰度和总丰度显著高于边缘生境，而人工泥炭地的若虫丰度和总丰度显著高于边缘生境。若虫丰度和总丰度在夏季高于秋季和冬季。生境带（尤其是边缘）对成虫、若虫和总丰度影响最大。该物种地理分布范围有限（EOO为3654 km2， AOO为44 km2），分布于9个地点和8个亚种群。持续的森林砍伐和苔藓采伐表明栖息地质量正在下降。从推断的占用地点进行的分析显示，其分布严重碎片化，支持其根据IUCN标准B1ab(iii) + B2ab（iii）将其分类为易危。我们的发现强调了保护泥炭地和泥炭林的重要性，特别是边缘栖息地。未来的研究应包括植被结构、小气候等方面，并采取适应性管理方法来指导保护策略。

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引用次数: 0

Climate change risks and conservation needs of Lophira lanceolata in West Africa 西非杉木的气候变化风险与保护需求

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127182

Tiétiambou Fanta Reine Sheirita , Idohou Rodrigue , Lankoandé Benjamin , Gahounga Fabrice Jean Eudes Crédo , Ouédraogo Amadé

Lophira lanceolata is a multipurpose fruit tree species widely distributed across West Africa, but its populations are declining due to climate change and anthropogenic pressures. This study assessed the current and future distribution of L. lanceolata across West Africa under two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways — SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5- for 2050 and 2070. An ensemble modelling framework combining five algorithms — Generalized Linear Models (GLM), Generalized Additive Models (GAM), Random Forest (RF), MaxEnt, and Boosted Regression Trees (BRT) — was employed. Habitat suitability projections and conservation priority areas were mapped and compared across models and scenarios. Results indicate that climate change will likely cause shifts and contractions in suitable habitats, with a general southward retreat under high-emission conditions. BRT predicted the largest extent of priority conservation areas (6–7 % of the study area), followed by GAM (5–5.4 %), GLM (∼4%), MaxEnt (∼3.6 %), and RF (∼3–3.3 %). Under SSP5-8.5, BRT and GLM showed reductions in distribution areas, whereas GAM, RF, and MaxEnt predicted slight increases or stability. By 2070, BRT projected a significant decline of 5.38 % in suitable areas, while GAM indicated an increase of 2.80 %. These discrepancies highlight the importance of using multiple algorithms to capture model uncertainty. The spatial variability in priority zones identifies key areas for long-term conservation. Findings support strategies such as legal protection, assisted migration, and ecological restoration to enhance the resilience of L. lanceolata. Overall, this study underscores the value of integrative modelling for evidence-based biodiversity conservation in tropical drylands.

杉木是一种广泛分布于西非的多用途果树，但由于气候变化和人为压力，其种群数量正在下降。本研究评估了2050年和2070年两个共享社会经济路径（SSP2-4.5和SSP5-8.5）下杉木在西非的当前和未来分布。采用集成建模框架，结合五种算法——广义线性模型（GLM）、广义可加模型（GAM）、随机森林（RF）、MaxEnt和增强回归树（BRT）。绘制了不同模式和情景下的生境适宜性预测和优先保护区域。结果表明，气候变化可能导致适宜生境的转移和收缩，在高排放条件下总体上向南退缩。BRT预测的优先保护区范围最大（占研究面积的6 - 7%），其次是GAM（5 - 5.4%）、GLM（~ 4%）、MaxEnt（~ 3.6%）和RF（~ 3 - 3.3%）。在SSP5-8.5下，BRT和GLM的分布面积减少，而GAM、RF和MaxEnt的分布面积略有增加或保持稳定。到2070年，适合区域的BRT预测显著下降5.38%，而GAM预测上升2.80%。这些差异突出了使用多种算法来捕获模型不确定性的重要性。优先区域的空间变异性确定了长期保护的关键区域。研究结果支持法律保护、辅助迁移和生态恢复等策略来增强杉木的恢复力。总体而言，本研究强调了基于证据的热带旱地生物多样性保护综合建模的价值。

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引用次数: 0