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Hip and ankle strength and range of motion in female soccer players with dynamic knee valgus 女足球运动员动态膝外翻的髋关节和踝关节力量和活动范围
IF 0.7 4区 医学 Q4 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2021-06-04 DOI: 10.3233/IES-200260
Y. Jo, Young Kyun Kim
BACKGROUND: Dynamic knee valgus (DKV) is a known risk factor for acute and chronic knee injuries and is more frequently diagnosed in females. A real-time single-leg squat test (SLST) could screen for DKV to prevent injuries. OBJECTIVE: To compare the differences in lower extremity strength and range of motion (ROM) in female soccer athletes with and without DKV during an SLST. METHODS: Eighteen subjects with DKV (DKV group) and 18 subjects without DKV (control group) during a single-leg squat were included. Hip strength (flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation, and external rotation) was measured with a hand-held dynamometer. Hip ROM (internal and external rotation), and ankle ROM (dorsiflexion with the knee flexed and extended) were measured. Independent t-test was used to compare the averages of the groups. RESULTS: There were significant differences in hip abduction to adduction strength ratio (DKV: 1.48 ± 0.3, control: 1.22 ± 0.26, p< 0.01) and ankle dorsiflexion with knee flexed (DKV: 17.22 ± 6.82, control: 21.22 ± 4.55, p< 0.05) and extended (DKV: 10.14 ± 4.23, control: 14.75 ± 3.40, p< 0.001) between the groups. CONCLUSION: The hip abduction to adduction strength ratio and gastrocnemius and soleus flexibility may be associated factors in dynamic knee valgus and therefore should be assessed and treated, if indicated, as a possible preventive measure in female athletes with this variation.
背景:动态膝外翻(DKV)是一种已知的急性和慢性膝关节损伤的危险因素,在女性中更常见。实时单腿深蹲测试(SLST)可以筛查DKV,以防止受伤。目的:比较有DKV和无DKV的女子足球运动员在SLST中下肢力量和活动范围(ROM)的差异。方法:纳入18名DKV受试者(DKV组)和18名无DKV受测者(对照组)在单腿深蹲过程中。用手持式测功机测量髋关节力量(屈曲、伸展、外展、内收、内旋和外旋)。测量髋关节ROM(内旋和外旋)和踝关节ROM(膝关节屈曲和伸展的背屈)。使用独立t检验来比较各组的平均值。结果:两组髋关节外展内收强度比(DKV:1.48±0.3,对照组:1.22±0.26,p<0.01)和踝关节背屈伴膝关节屈曲(DKV:12.22±6.82,对照组21.22±4.55,p<0.05)和伸展(DKV:10.14±4.23,对照组14.75±3.40,p<0.001)存在显著差异。结论:髋关节外展内收力量比和腓肠肌和比目鱼肌灵活性可能是动态膝外翻的相关因素,因此,如果有必要,应评估和治疗,作为女性运动员这种变异的可能预防措施。
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引用次数: 0
Physical and performance characteristics related to starter status, position, and division in Japanese collegiate American-football players 日本大学美式足球运动员的身体和表现特征与首发状态、位置和分区有关
IF 0.7 4区 医学 Q4 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2021-05-28 DOI: 10.3233/IES-200222
J. Iguchi, M. Matsunami, T. Hojo, Y. Fujisawa, K. Kuzuhara, Yasuhiro Yuasa, Toshiya Kitazawa
BACKGROUND: Few studies have investigated the variations in body composition and performance in Japanese collegiate American-football players. OBJECTIVE: To clarify what characterizes competitors at the highest levels – in the top division or on the starting lineup – we compared players’ body compositions and performance test results. METHODS: This study included 172 players. Each player’s body composition and performance (one-repetition maximum bench press, one-repetition maximum back squat, and vertical jump height) were measured; power was estimated from vertical jump height and body weight. Players were compared according to status (starter vs. non-starter), position (skill vs. linemen), and division (1 vs. 2). Regression analysis was performed to determine characteristics for being a starter. RESULTS: Players in higher divisions and who were starters were stronger and had more power, greater body size, and better performance test results. Players in skill positions were relatively stronger than those in linemen positions. Vertical jump height was a significant predictor of being a starter in Division 1. CONCLUSION: Power and vertical jump may be a deciding factor for playing as a starter or in a higher division.
背景:很少有研究调查日本大学美式足球运动员身体成分和表现的变化。目的:为了阐明顶级联赛或首发阵容中最高级别竞争对手的特点,我们比较了球员的身体成分和性能测试结果。方法:本研究包括172名运动员。测量每个选手的身体组成和表现(一次重复最大卧推、一次重复最深后蹲和垂直跳跃高度);力量是根据垂直跳跃的高度和体重来估计的。根据状态(先发球员与非先发球员)、位置(技术与内线球员)和分区(1比2)对球员进行比较。进行回归分析以确定作为启动器的特征。结果:高级别和先发球员更强壮,力量更大,体型更大,成绩测试结果更好。技术位置的球员相对来说比边线队员位置的球员更强。垂直跳跃高度是成为一级联赛首发球员的重要预测因素。结论:力量和垂直跳跃可能是作为首发或在更高级别比赛的决定因素。
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引用次数: 0
Relationship between explosive strength characteristics with change of direction speed in junior and cadet karate athletes 青少年空手道运动员爆发力特征与方向速度变化的关系
IF 0.7 4区 医学 Q4 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2021-05-28 DOI: 10.3233/IES-210114
Alex Ojeda-Aravena, T. Herrera-Valenzuela, P. Valdés-Badilla, Jairo Azócar-Gallardo, Victor Campos-Uribe, J. M. García-García
BACKGROUND: Explosive strength and change of direction speed (CODS) are relevant physical abilities in karate. OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between the characteristics of explosive strength and the 5-m linear sprint (5M) with CODS performance and ii) to examine the influential characteristics of explosive strength on CODS performance. METHODS: Eighteen cadet and junior karate athletes, eight females and ten males were evaluated. The physical abilities assessments included: squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), 5M and CODS. Also, pre-stretch percentage increase (PSA), eccentric utilization index (EUR) reactive strength index (RSI) were calculated. RESULTS: Superior performance (p< 0.05) was documented in SJ, CMJ and CODS in male vs. female. Also, significant correlations between CODS with SJ and CMJ (r=-0.70 to -0.80; R2=-0.51 to -0.73; p< 0.05, respectively) and correlations (r=-0.14 to -0.22; R2= 0.01 to 0.04; p> 0.05) between CODS with RSI, EUR and PSA. Multiple regression model documented that only SJ significantly influenced CODS performance in male (R2= 60%; p= 0.009) and female (R2= 71%; p= 0.001). CONCLUSION: CODS correlate with SJ and CMJ. In particular, SJ influence CODS independently of gender.
背景:爆发力和转向速度(CODS)是空手道的相关体能。目的:研究5米直线短跑(5M)的爆发力特征与CODS性能之间的关系;2)研究爆发力特征对CODS性能的影响。方法:对18名青少年和青少年空手道运动员,8名女性和10名男性进行评估。体能评估包括:深蹲跳(SJ)、反跳(CMJ)、5M和CODS。此外,还计算了拉伸前百分比增加(PSA)、偏心利用指数(EUR)反应强度指数(RSI)。结果:SJ、CMJ和CODS在男性和女性中表现优异(p<0.05)。CODS与SJ和CMJ之间存在显著相关性(r=-0.70至-0.80;R2=-0.51至-0.73;p<0.05),CODS与RSI、EUR和PSA之间存在显著相关(r=-0.14至-0.22;R2=0.01至0.04;p>0.05)。多元回归模型表明,只有SJ对男性(R2=60%;p=0.009)和女性(R2=71%;p=0.001)的CODS表现有显著影响。结论:CODS与SJ和CMJ相关。特别是SJ对CODS的影响与性别无关。
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引用次数: 1
Preseason shoulder rotational isokinetic strength and shoulder injuries in volleyball players 排球运动员季前赛肩部旋转等速力量与肩部损伤
IF 0.7 4区 医学 Q4 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2021-04-16 DOI: 10.3233/IES-210127
V. Hadžić, E. Dervišević, P. Pori, A. Hadžić, T. Sattler
BACKGROUND: Rotator cuff weakness is considered an important risk factor for shoulder injuries in volleyball. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate association of shoulder preseason strength status with shoulder injury occurrence in subsequent season. METHODS: Volleyball players (N= 181; 99 men) from Slovenian 1st and 2nd national league volunteered to participate in this prospective cohort study. Preseason isokinetic testing of the shoulder was conducted at 60∘/s in the concentric mode of contraction over a RoM of 60∘ with five repetitions of internal (IR) and external (ER) rotation. During the subsequent season the players reported shoulders injuries through a weekly questionnaire. RESULTS: During the season we have registered 14 (7.7%) shoulder injuries (10 in men). All injuries affected the dominant shoulder. There was significant preseason weakness of ER and lower ER/IR strength ratio in players with shoulder injury. Normal strength ratio ER/IR was a significant protective factor (Exp (B) = 0.217, 95% C.I. 0.058–0.811) for shoulder injury occurrence when controlled for sex and previous injury. CONCLUSIONS: The inclusion of systematic strengthening of the external rotators of the shoulder is necessary, especially for male volleyball players, as part of preventive measures for the prevention of shoulder injuries.
背景:肩袖无力被认为是排球运动中肩伤的重要危险因素。目的:评价季前肩关节力量状态与后续赛季肩关节损伤发生的关系。方法:排球运动员181人;来自斯洛文尼亚第一和第二国家联赛的99名男性自愿参加了这项前瞻性队列研究。季前赛对肩部进行了等速运动测试,在60°的空间内以60°的速度同心收缩,并重复5次内(IR)和外(ER)旋转。在随后的一个赛季中,球员们通过每周的问卷调查报告了肩膀受伤的情况。结果:本赛季共发生14例(7.7%)肩伤(男性10例)。所有损伤均影响主肩。肩伤运动员在季前赛中ER明显减弱,ER/IR强度比较低。正常强度比ER/IR是肩关节损伤发生的显著保护因子(Exp (B) = 0.217, 95% ci = 0.058-0.811)。结论:作为预防肩关节损伤的预防措施之一,系统地加强肩关节外旋体训练是必要的,尤其是对男排运动员。
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引用次数: 0
Correlation of paretic knee extension strength with gait speed after stroke: A meta-analysis 卒中后偏瘫伸膝力量与步态速度的相关性:荟萃分析
IF 0.7 4区 医学 Q4 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2021-04-16 DOI: 10.3233/IES-210139
R. W. Bohannon
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Numerous studies have addressed the relationship between paretic knee extension strength and comfortable walking speed after stroke. However, the correlations reported are highly variable. This review sought to summarize the correlational data using meta-analysis. METHODS: Relevant literature was identified via a search of 3 bibliographic databases. Articles were screened and perused for inclusion. Included articles were examined for information on the sample studied, procedures for measuring strength and gait speed, and correlations reported between the 2 variables. Meta-analysis was used to calculate a summary correlation. RESULTS: Of 299 unique articles, 18 met inclusion criteria. Articles were diverse in regard to samples studied, procedures described, and correlations reported. Meta-analysis using data from all included studies revealed a summary correlation of 0.51. For studies using hand-held or isokinetic dynamometry, the summary correlation was 0.46 and 0.59 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a better indication of the correlation between paretic knee extension strength and comfortable gait speed than individual studies. The correlation is high enough to provide support for the routine measurement of paretic knee extension force for individuals who have experienced a stroke.
背景与目的:许多研究已经探讨了卒中后瘫痪性膝关节伸展力量与舒适步行速度之间的关系。然而,报告的相关性变化很大。这篇综述试图使用荟萃分析来总结相关数据。方法:检索3个文献数据库,检索相关文献。文章被筛选和仔细阅读以供收录。对纳入的文章进行了检查,以获取有关所研究样本的信息、测量力量和步态速度的程序,以及报告的两个变量之间的相关性。荟萃分析用于计算汇总相关性。结果:在299篇独特的文章中,有18篇符合入选标准。文章在研究的样本、描述的程序和报告的相关性方面各不相同。使用所有纳入研究的数据进行的荟萃分析显示,总体相关性为0.51。对于使用手持式或等速测功仪的研究,总相关性分别为0.46和0.59。结论:与个别研究相比,这项研究提供了更好的指标来说明瘫痪性膝关节伸展力量和舒适步态速度之间的相关性。这种相关性足够高,可以为经历过中风的患者的瘫痪性膝关节伸展力的常规测量提供支持。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of lower limb muscle activity during the dynamic balance test between baseball pitchers and healthy young adults 棒球投手与健康青年在动态平衡测试中下肢肌肉活动的比较
IF 0.7 4区 医学 Q4 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.3233/ies-203163
J. Jeon, Ji-yeon Lee, Jiheon Hong, Jae-Ho Yu, JinSeop Kim, DongYeop Lee
BACKGROUND: Dynamic balance is an essential factor for efficient pitching by baseball pitchers. OBJECTIVE: To compare distances reached and lower-extremity muscle activity during the star excursion balance test (SEBT) in baseball pitchers and healthy young adults. METHODS: Nineteen baseball pitchers (BPG) and 20 healthy adults (HAG) were recruited. Surface EMG was used to measure the activity of vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), tibialis anterior, and lateral gastrocnemius. RESULTS: The BPG exhibited greater dynamic balance than in the HAG (p< 0.05) in the posteromedial (PM) and posterolateral (PL) directions. For the PM and PL directions, significantly greater muscle activity of VM and VL was found in the BPG than in the HAG (p< 0.05). CONCLUSION: SEBT performance is characterized by high-level VM and VL muscle activities. Neuromuscular control of knee extensors, such as the VM and VL of pitchers, might affect the dynamic balance measured by the SEBT.
背景:动态平衡是棒球投手有效投球的重要因素。目的:比较棒球投手和健康年轻人在明星漂移平衡测试(SEBT)中达到的距离和下肢肌肉活动。方法:招募19名棒球投手(BPG)和20名健康成年人(HAG)。表面肌电图用于测量股内侧肌(VM)、股外侧肌(VL)、胫骨前肌和腓肠肌外侧肌的活动。结果:在后内侧(PM)和后外侧(PL)方向上,BPG表现出比HAG更大的动态平衡(p<0.05)。对于PM和PL方向,BPG中VM和VL的肌肉活性显著高于HAG(p<0.05)。膝关节伸肌的神经肌肉控制,如投手的VM和VL,可能会影响SEBT测量的动态平衡。
{"title":"Comparison of lower limb muscle activity during the dynamic balance test between baseball pitchers and healthy young adults","authors":"J. Jeon, Ji-yeon Lee, Jiheon Hong, Jae-Ho Yu, JinSeop Kim, DongYeop Lee","doi":"10.3233/ies-203163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ies-203163","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Dynamic balance is an essential factor for efficient pitching by baseball pitchers. OBJECTIVE: To compare distances reached and lower-extremity muscle activity during the star excursion balance test (SEBT) in baseball pitchers and healthy young adults. METHODS: Nineteen baseball pitchers (BPG) and 20 healthy adults (HAG) were recruited. Surface EMG was used to measure the activity of vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), tibialis anterior, and lateral gastrocnemius. RESULTS: The BPG exhibited greater dynamic balance than in the HAG (p< 0.05) in the posteromedial (PM) and posterolateral (PL) directions. For the PM and PL directions, significantly greater muscle activity of VM and VL was found in the BPG than in the HAG (p< 0.05). CONCLUSION: SEBT performance is characterized by high-level VM and VL muscle activities. Neuromuscular control of knee extensors, such as the VM and VL of pitchers, might affect the dynamic balance measured by the SEBT.","PeriodicalId":54915,"journal":{"name":"Isokinetics and Exercise Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/ies-203163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46308846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A comparative study of the acute effects of knee brace vs. kinesiotape on selected isokinetic strength variables of the knee muscles 膝关节支架与驱动器对选定的膝关节等速力量变量的急性影响的比较研究
IF 0.7 4区 医学 Q4 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2021-03-05 DOI: 10.3233/IES-200175
A. Yılmaz, M. Vural, M. Özdal, M. Kabadayı
BACKGROUND: Different methods of treatment for preventing knee injuries, enhancing knee strength and minimising post-injury risks have been explored. Among these methods, Kinesio tape (KT) and knee braces (KB) are commonly used. OBJECTIVE : To investigate the acute effects of KT and KB on isokinetic knee strength parameters. METHODS: A total of 15 healthy sedentary male subjects voluntarily participated in the study. Concentric isokinetic knee extension (EX) and flexion (FLX) strength were measured at three sessions: 1. Baseline 2. with KT (’KT’) 3. with KB (’KB’). Tests were performed at 60, 180 and 240∘/s. Peak moment (PM), Hamstring/Quadriceps ratio (HQR), and joint angle at peak moment (JAPM) were measured. RESULTS: ‘KT’ and ‘KB’ were associated with increase in PMEX, PMFLX, HQR at 60 and 240∘/s (p< 0.05) and increased JAPMEX. No significant difference was observed at 180∘/s (p> 0.05). CONCLUSION: In healthy individuals, ‘I’ shape KT and KB positively affect EX and FLX strengths and HQR, especially at low angular velocity.
背景:已经探索了预防膝关节损伤、增强膝关节力量和最大限度地降低损伤后风险的不同治疗方法。在这些方法中,Kinesio胶带(KT)和护膝(KB)是常用的。目的:探讨KT和KB对等速膝关节力量参数的急性影响。方法:共有15名健康的久坐男性受试者自愿参与研究。同心等速膝关节伸展(EX)和屈曲(FLX)力量在三个疗程中进行测量:1。基线2。与KT('KT')3。KB('KB')。测试在60、180和240∘/s下进行。测量峰值力矩(PM)、腘绳肌/股四头肌比率(HQR)和峰值力矩时的关节角(JAPM)。结果:在60和240∘/s时,“KT”和“KB”与PMEX、PMFLX、HQR的增加有关(p<0.05),并与JAPMEX的增加有关。在180∘/s时没有观察到显著差异(p>0.05)。结论:在健康个体中,“I”形KT和KB对EX、FLX强度和HQR有积极影响,尤其是在低角速度时。
{"title":"A comparative study of the acute effects of knee brace vs. kinesiotape on selected isokinetic strength variables of the knee muscles","authors":"A. Yılmaz, M. Vural, M. Özdal, M. Kabadayı","doi":"10.3233/IES-200175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/IES-200175","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Different methods of treatment for preventing knee injuries, enhancing knee strength and minimising post-injury risks have been explored. Among these methods, Kinesio tape (KT) and knee braces (KB) are commonly used. OBJECTIVE : To investigate the acute effects of KT and KB on isokinetic knee strength parameters. METHODS: A total of 15 healthy sedentary male subjects voluntarily participated in the study. Concentric isokinetic knee extension (EX) and flexion (FLX) strength were measured at three sessions: 1. Baseline 2. with KT (’KT’) 3. with KB (’KB’). Tests were performed at 60, 180 and 240∘/s. Peak moment (PM), Hamstring/Quadriceps ratio (HQR), and joint angle at peak moment (JAPM) were measured. RESULTS: ‘KT’ and ‘KB’ were associated with increase in PMEX, PMFLX, HQR at 60 and 240∘/s (p< 0.05) and increased JAPMEX. No significant difference was observed at 180∘/s (p> 0.05). CONCLUSION: In healthy individuals, ‘I’ shape KT and KB positively affect EX and FLX strengths and HQR, especially at low angular velocity.","PeriodicalId":54915,"journal":{"name":"Isokinetics and Exercise Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/IES-200175","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44370668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cues for coaching athletes during the COVID-19 second wave 在2019冠状病毒病第二波期间指导运动员的线索
IF 0.7 4区 医学 Q4 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.3233/ies-201230
S. Teodorescu, F. Dutheil, C. Urzeală
Silvia Teodorescua, Frederic Dutheilb,c and Constanta Urzealad,∗ Doctoral School, National University of Physical Education and Sports from Bucharest, Romania Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Preventive and Occupational Medicine, WittyFit, Clermont-Ferrand, France Faculty of Health, School of Exercise Science, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Sports and Motor Performance Department, National University of Physical Education and Sports from Bucharest, Romania
Silvia Teodorescua, Frederic Dutheilb,c和Constanta Urzealad,罗马尼亚国立体育与体育大学布加勒斯特博士学院,克莱蒙-奥弗涅大学,CNRS, LaPSCo,生理和社会心理压力,克莱蒙-费朗大学医院,CHU克莱蒙-费朗,预防和职业医学,WittyFit,克莱蒙-费朗,法国,墨尔本,维多利亚,澳大利亚天主教大学,健康学院,运动科学学院,来自罗马尼亚布加勒斯特的国立体育与运动大学的澳大利亚体育与运动表演系
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of single and multiple joint muscle functions and neural drive of trained athletes and untrained individuals 训练与未训练运动员单、多关节肌肉功能及神经驱动的比较
IF 0.7 4区 医学 Q4 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2021-01-15 DOI: 10.3233/IES-203225
K. Mehmet
BACKGROUND: There is insufficient knowledge about the rate of force development (RFD) characteristics over both single and multiple joint movements and the electromechanical delay (EMD) values obtained in athletes and untrained individuals. OBJECTIVE: To compare single and multiple joint functions and the neural drive of trained athletes and untrained individuals. METHODS: Eight trained athletes and 10 untrained individuals voluntarily participated to the study. The neuromuscular performance was assessed during explosive and maximum voluntary isometric contractions during leg press and knee extension related to single and multiple joint. Explosive force and surface electromyography of eight superficial lower limb muscles were measured in five 50-ms time windows from their onset, and normalized to peak force and electromyography activity at maximum voluntary force, respectively. The EMD was determined from explosive voluntary contractions (EVC’s). RESULTS: The results showed that there were significant differences in absolute forces during knee extension maximum voluntary force and EVC’s (p< 0.01) while trained athletes achieved greater relative forces than untrained individuals of EVC at all five time points (p< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The differences in explosive performance between trained athletes and untrained individuals in both movements may be explained by different levels of muscle activation within groups, attributed to variation in biarticular muscle function over both activities.
背景:在运动员和未经训练的个体中,关于单次和多次关节运动的力发展速率(RFD)特征以及机电延迟(EMD)值的知识不足。目的:比较训练有素的运动员和未训练的人的单关节和多关节功能和神经驱动。方法:8名训练有素的运动员和10名未经训练的个人自愿参加研究。在与单关节和多关节相关的腿压和膝关节伸展时,评估神经肌肉在爆发性和最大自主等距收缩时的表现。在5个50ms的时间窗内测量8块下肢浅表肌的爆发力和表面肌电图,并分别归一化为最大自主力时的峰值力和肌电活动。EMD是由爆发性自发收缩(EVC)测定的。结果:经训练的运动员在伸直膝关节时的绝对力、最大自主力和EVC有显著性差异(p< 0.01),而EVC的相对力在5个时间点均大于未经训练的运动员(p< 0.05)。结论:在两种运动中,训练有素的运动员和未经训练的个体在爆发力上的差异可能是由组内不同水平的肌肉激活来解释的,这归因于两种运动中双关节肌肉功能的变化。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of plyometric training on dynamic leg strength and jumping performance in rhythmic gymnastics: A preliminary study 增强式训练对艺术体操动态腿部力量和跳跃性能影响的初步研究
IF 0.7 4区 医学 Q4 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/ies-210148
N. Nitzsche, T. Siebert, H. Schulz, N. Stutzig
BACKGROUND: Reactive performance is an important component of rhythmic gymnastics. So far, it is unclear whether additional plyometric training in female gymnasts shows an increase in performance. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to examine the effect of additional plyometric training in rhythmic gymnastics on the reactive jumping performance and strength of the lower leg muscles. METHODS: Fifteen rhythmic gymnasts (age: 12.3 ± 2.6 years, height: 1.47 ± 0.12 m, body weight: 37.3 ± 9.3 kg, BMI: 16.7 ± 2.1 kg*m-2; competition level: national and international championships, Tanner stages I–III) participated in the study. The athletes were assigned to an experimental (EG) and a control group (CG). The EG performed plyometric exercises three times per week in addition to the regular training. Before and after six weeks of training the reactive jump performance, the work of dorsi flexors and plantar flexors performed during isokinetic plantarflexion, as well as the performance in two sport-specific tests were measured. RESULTS: In contrast to the CG, in the EG the jump height (pre: 24.8; post: 27.25 cm; p< 0.05) and the reactive-strength-index (pre: 1.01; post: 1.19; p< 0.01) increased significantly. The EG achieved significant improvements in the counter movement jump test (pre: 27.0 cm; post: 31.5 cm; p< 0.01) and in the sport specific double rope jump test (jumps per minute, pre: 18.0; post: 23.0; p< 0.01). Furthermore, a significant increase in work performed during plantarflexion was found in the EG for the right leg (pre: 24.9 J; post: 29.7 J; p< 0.01) and a tendency to increase for the left leg (pre: 26.4 J; post: 37.7 J; p= 0.05). CONCLUSION: Both reactive strength and dynamic force can be efficiently increased by plyometric training. It may be recommended to include plyometric exercises in the training regime of rhythmic gymnasts.
背景:反应表演是艺术体操的重要组成部分。到目前为止,还不清楚女性体操运动员进行额外的增强式训练是否能提高成绩。目的:本研究的目的是研究艺术体操中额外的增强训练对反应性跳跃表现和下肢肌肉力量的影响。方法:15名艺术体操运动员(年龄:12.3±2.6岁,身高:1.47±0.12 m,体重:37.3±9.3 kg, BMI: 16.7±2.1 kg*m-2;比赛水平:国家和国际锦标赛,坦纳阶段I-III)参与研究。将运动员分为实验组(EG)和对照组(CG)。EG在常规训练之外,每周进行三次增强运动。在训练前后6周的反应性跳跃表现,背屈肌和足底屈肌在等速屈曲时的工作,以及在两个运动特定测试中的表现进行了测量。结果:与CG相比,EG中跳跃高度(前:24.8;身高:27.25厘米;P < 0.05),反应强度指数(前值:1.01;职位:1.19;P < 0.01)显著升高。EG在反动作跳跃测试中取得了显著的进步(前:27.0 cm;立柱:31.5 cm;P < 0.01),在运动专项双跳绳测试中(跳数/分钟,预:18.0;职位:23.0;p < 0.01)。此外,右腿的EG在跖屈期间进行的工作显著增加(pre: 24.9 J;岗位:29.7 J;p< 0.01),左腿有增加的趋势(前:26.4 J;岗位:37.7 J;p = 0.05)。结论:增强训练能有效提高反应性力量和动力。建议在艺术体操运动员的训练中加入增强式练习。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Isokinetics and Exercise Science
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