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Combining adaptive dictionary learning with nonlocal similarity for full-waveform inversion 将自适应字典学习与非局部相似性相结合用于全波形反演
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-09-15 DOI: 10.1080/17415977.2021.1974855
H. Fu, Hongyu Qi, Ran Hua
ABSTRACT We study the full-waveform inversion (FWI) problem for the recovery of velocity model/image in acoustic media. FWI is formulated as a typical nonlinear optimization problem, many regularization techniques are used to guide the optimization process because the FWI problem is strongly ill-posed. Recently, sparsity regularization has attracted considerable attention in the field of inverse problems. In addition, the nonlocal similarity is also an inherent property of many subsurface images themselves. In this paper, we present a novel computational framework for FWI based on joint local sparsity and nonlocal self-similarity. First, principal component analysis (PCA)-based dictionary learns from noisy approximation images (the estimated results from certain local optimization method) and the learned dictionary is used to guide similar patch grouping. Second, the sparse representation and the nonlocal similarity are introduced as the regularization term. At last, the relative total variation (RTV) algorithm is used to further eliminate the residual artefacts in the reconstructed model more thoroughly. In our inversion strategy, the external optimization knowledge, and the intrinsic local sparsity and nonlocal self-similarity prior of model are used jointly for FWI. Computational results demonstrate the proposed method is obviously superior to existing inversion methods both qualitatively and quantitatively, including total variation FWI method in model-derivative domain and sparsity promoting FWI method in the curvelet domain.
摘要我们研究了声介质中速度模型/图像恢复的全波形反演问题。FWI是一个典型的非线性优化问题,由于FWI问题具有强不适定性,许多正则化技术被用来指导优化过程。近年来,稀疏正则化在反问题领域引起了相当大的关注。此外,非局部相似性也是许多地下图像本身的固有特性。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的基于联合局部稀疏性和非局部自相似性的FWI计算框架。首先,基于主成分分析(PCA)的字典从有噪声的近似图像(特定局部优化方法的估计结果)中学习,并使用学习的字典来指导相似补丁分组。其次,引入稀疏表示和非局部相似性作为正则化项。最后,使用相对总变分(RTV)算法进一步更彻底地消除了重建模型中的残余伪影。在我们的反演策略中,外部优化知识以及模型的内在局部稀疏性和非局部自相似性先验被联合用于FWI。计算结果表明,该方法在定性和定量上都明显优于现有的反演方法,包括模型导数域的全变分FWI方法和曲线域的稀疏促进FWI方法。
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引用次数: 0
Application of Tikhonov regularization to reconstruct past climate record from borehole temperature 应用Tikhonov正则化从钻孔温度重建过去气候记录
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-09-15 DOI: 10.1080/17415977.2021.1975700
Jia Liu, Ting-jun Zhang, G. Clow, Elchin E. Jafarov
We present a numerical Tikhonov regularization method that can be used to reconstruct past ground surface temperature (GST) records from borehole temperatures. The present ground temperature preserves past climatic signals according to the heat diffusion process in permafrost-affected soils. To track past surface temperature, we employ an inverse method based on a physical connection between GST and measured borehole temperatures. We validate this method by applying it to two synthetic surface temperature cases. Since measured borehole data include uncertainty, we add random noise to our synthetic input borehole data to simulate the process of noise suppression. GST recovered with corresponding uncertainty shows a close match with synthetic surface temperature for both cases. We show that this method can successfully suppress the noise disturbance and achieve smoother solutions.The ability of borehole temperature data to resolve past climatic events is investigated using the Tikhonov method. We investigated past GST of Wudaoliang on Qinghai-Tibet plateau and the inversion result shows the increasing trend of 1.8 (±1.6) in the past 308 years. This GST trend fits the air temperature observation trend but has small value deviation caused by local topography and surface energy budgets of the ground surface.
我们提出了一种数值Tikhonov正则化方法,可用于从钻孔温度重建过去的地表温度(GST)记录。根据冻土层的热扩散过程,现在的地温保留了过去的气候信号。为了跟踪过去的地表温度,我们采用了一种基于GST和测量井眼温度之间物理联系的逆方法。我们用两种合成表面温度情况验证了该方法。由于实测井眼数据包含不确定性,我们在合成输入井眼数据中加入随机噪声来模拟噪声抑制过程。在这两种情况下,具有相应不确定度的GST恢复与合成表面温度密切匹配。结果表明,该方法可以有效地抑制噪声干扰,得到更平滑的解。利用吉洪诺夫方法研究了钻孔温度数据解决过去气候事件的能力。对青藏高原五道梁地区过去的GST进行了反演,反演结果显示,在过去308年里,GST呈1.8(±1.6)的增加趋势。GST趋势与气温观测趋势吻合,但受局部地形和地表能量收支的影响存在较小的值偏差。
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引用次数: 0
Stabilized leapfrog scheme run backward in time, and the explicit O(Δ t)2 stepwise computation of ill-posed time-reversed 2D Navier–Stokes equations 稳定的跳跃方案在时间上向后运行,并显式O(Δ t)2逐步计算不适定时逆二维Navier-Stokes方程
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-09-11 DOI: 10.1080/17415977.2021.1972997
A. Carasso
Richardson's leapfrog scheme is notoriously unconditionally unstable in well-posed, forward, linear dissipative evolution equations. Remarkably, that scheme can be stabilized, marched backward in time, and provide useful reconstructions in an interesting but limited class of ill-posed, time-reversed, 2D incompressible Navier–Stokes initial value problems. Stability is achieved by applying a compensating smoothing operator at each time step to quench the instability. Eventually, this leads to a distortion away from the true solution. This is the stabilization penalty. In many interesting cases, that penalty is sufficiently small to allow for useful results. Effective smoothing operators based on , with real p>2, can be efficiently synthesized using FFT algorithms. Similar stabilizing techniques were successfully applied in several other ill-posed evolution equations. The analysis of numerical stability is restricted to a related linear problem. However, as is found in leapfrog computations of well-posed meteorological and oceanic wave propagation problems, such linear stability is necessary but not sufficient in the presence of nonlinearities. Here, likewise, additional Robert–Asselin–Williams (RAW) time-domain filtering must be used to prevent characteristic leapfrog nonlinear instability unrelated to ill-posedness. Several 2D Navier–Stokes backward reconstruction examples are included, based on the stream function-vorticity formulation, and focusing on pixel images of recognizable objects. Such images, associated with non-smooth underlying intensity data, are used to create severely distorted data at time T>0. Successful backward recovery is shown to be possible at parameter values significantly exceeding expectations.
Richardson的蛙跳格式在适定的正演线性耗散演化方程中是出了名的无条件不稳定。值得注意的是,该方案可以稳定,在时间上向后推进,并在一类有趣但有限的不适定、时间反转、2D不可压缩Navier-Stokes初值问题中提供有用的重建。稳定性是通过在每个时间步长应用补偿平滑算子来消除不稳定性来实现的。最终,这会导致扭曲,偏离真正的解决方案。这是稳定的惩罚。在许多有趣的情况下,这种惩罚足够小,可以产生有用的结果。使用FFT算法可以有效地合成基于的有效平滑算子,实数p>2。类似的稳定技术也成功地应用于其他几个不适定演化方程。数值稳定性的分析仅限于一个相关的线性问题。然而,正如在适定气象和海浪传播问题的跳跃计算中发现的那样,这种线性稳定性是必要的,但在存在非线性的情况下是不够的。同样,在这里,必须使用额外的Robert–Asselin–Williams(RAW)时域滤波来防止与不适定性无关的特征跳跃非线性不稳定性。基于流函数涡度公式,并以可识别物体的像素图像为重点,包括了几个2D Navier–Stokes反向重建示例。这样的图像与非平滑的底层强度数据相关联,用于在时间T>0时创建严重失真的数据。在参数值明显超出预期的情况下,可以成功地进行反向恢复。
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引用次数: 3
Accelerated Bayesian inference-based history matching of petroleum reservoirs using polynomial chaos expansions 基于多项式混沌展开的加速贝叶斯推理油藏历史匹配
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-09-07 DOI: 10.1080/17415977.2021.1973455
Sufia Khatoon, J. Phirani, Supreet Singh Bahga
The forecast for oil production from an oil reservoir is made with the aid of reservoir simulations. The model parameters in reservoir simulations are uncertain whose values are estimated by matching the simulation predictions with production history. Bayesian inference (BI) provides a convenient way of estimating parameters of a mathematical model, starting from a probable distribution of parameter values and knowing the production history. BI techniques for history matching require Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling methods, which involve large number of reservoir simulations. This limits the application of BI for history matching in petroleum reservoir engineering, where each reservoir simulation can be computationally expensive. To overcome this limitation, we use polynomial chaos expansions (PCEs), which represent the uncertainty in production forecasts due to the uncertainty in model parameters, to construct proxy models for model predictions. As an application of the method, we present history matching in simulations based on the black-oil model to estimate model parameters such as porosity, permeability, and exponents of the relative permeability curves. Solutions to these history matching problems show that the PCE-based method enables accurate estimation of model parameters with two orders of magnitude less number of reservoir simulations compared with MCMC method.
通过油藏模拟,对某油藏的产油量进行了预测。油藏模拟中的模型参数是不确定的,其数值是通过模拟预测与生产历史相匹配来估计的。贝叶斯推理(BI)提供了一种方便的方法来估计数学模型的参数,从参数值的可能分布开始,并知道生产历史。BI技术的历史匹配需要马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗(MCMC)采样方法,这涉及到大量的油藏模拟。这限制了BI在油藏工程中历史匹配的应用,因为每次油藏模拟的计算成本都很高。为了克服这一限制,我们使用多项式混沌展开式(pce)来构建模型预测的代理模型,该模型表示由于模型参数的不确定性而导致的生产预测的不确定性。作为该方法的应用,我们提出了基于黑油模型的历史拟合模拟,以估计孔隙度、渗透率和相对渗透率曲线指数等模型参数。对这些历史拟合问题的求解表明,与MCMC方法相比,基于pce的方法能够准确估计模型参数,并且油藏模拟次数减少了两个数量级。
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引用次数: 2
A technique for inversely identifying joint stiffnesses of robot arms via two-way TubeNets 基于双向管阵的机械臂关节刚度反识别技术
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/17415977.2021.1967344
Shuyong Duan, Li Wang, Fang Wang, Xu Han, Guirong Liu
Joint stiffnesses of robot arms play a critical role in the control of the posture and movement of the arm tip. This work develops a systematic approach for inverse real-time quantitative identification of the stiffnesses of joints for robotic arms using the TubeNet proposed by Liu. To start with, a finite element (FE) model for a six-axis tandem robot arm is established. Experiments are then conducted to measure the first few lowest natural frequencies of the robot arm to be compared with numerical results for the validation of the FE model. Using the validated FEM model, sensitivity analyses of the joint stiffnesses to the natural frequencies are carried out to ensure sufficient sensitivity for inverse analyses and a neural network data set is established. The selection of appropriate TubeNet layers and activation functions is exposited. Subsequently, the direct-weights-inversion (DWI) formulae for the TubeNet is adopted to inversely compute the joint stiffnesses explicitly in real time. The predicated joint stiffness using the currently proposed DWI formulae of the TubeNet is accurate with the maximum root-mean-square of test errors less than 0.0020 N·m/rad.
机械臂的关节刚度对机械臂末端的姿态和运动的控制起着至关重要的作用。本工作开发了一种系统的方法,利用Liu提出的TubeNet对机械臂关节刚度进行逆实时定量识别。首先,建立了六轴串联机械臂的有限元模型。然后进行实验,测量机器人手臂的前几个最低固有频率,并与数值结果进行比较,以验证有限元模型。利用验证的有限元模型,进行了关节刚度对固有频率的敏感性分析,以保证反分析的灵敏度,并建立了神经网络数据集。介绍了如何选择合适的TubeNet层和激活函数。随后,采用TubeNet的直接权值反演(DWI)公式,实时显式反求节点刚度。使用目前提出的TubeNet DWI公式预测关节刚度是准确的,测试误差的最大均方根小于0.0020 N·m/rad。
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引用次数: 1
Target-detection and localization in multilayered media through mixed TR–RTM method 混合TR–RTM方法在多层介质中的目标检测和定位
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-08-26 DOI: 10.1080/17415977.2021.1948543
Xiang Gao, Xiafei Li, Hong-juan Yang, J. Jiao, Cheng-hao Wang
The problem of target detection and localization in layered media can be solved by the mixed TR–RTM. The highlight of this paper is on multilayer media, where the target is harder to detect than in double-layered media, due to the interference of multiple interface reflection signals. The core idea of the TR–RTM mixed method, namely the RTM isochronism principle, is applied for the three cases. Typically, a target under a TR–RTM process can form a mountain-like acoustic field distribution. For the interface whose reflected signal is an interference, the acoustic field distribution is disordered and inhomogeneous, with a smaller amplitude. The TR–RTM greatly improves the signal-to-interference ratio, where the position of the summit is the just position of the target, thus, detecting and localizing the target.
分层介质中的目标检测和定位问题可以通过混合TR–RTM来解决。本文的重点是多层介质,由于多个界面反射信号的干扰,目标比双层介质更难检测。TR–RTM混合方法的核心思想,即RTM等时性原理,被应用于这三种情况。通常,TR–RTM工艺下的目标可以形成山脉状的声场分布。对于反射信号为干涉的界面,声场分布是无序和不均匀的,振幅较小。TR–RTM极大地提高了信干比,其中顶点的位置就是目标的正确位置,从而检测和定位目标。
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引用次数: 2
Robust phase retrieval via median-truncated smoothed amplitude flow 鲁棒相位检索通过中间截断平滑振幅流
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-08-20 DOI: 10.1080/17415977.2021.1966426
Qi Luo, Shijian Lin, Hongxia Wang
ABSTRACT Phase retrieval (PR) is an inverse problem about recovering a signal from phaseless linear measurements, which arises in various fields. In practical scenarios, partial measurements can be inevitably corrupted by outliers that can take arbitrary values. To handle this, we propose the median-SAF method which is the smoothed amplitude flow (SAF) method equipped with the median truncation strategy. We find that median-SAF has some inherent advantages in suppressing outliers. Theoretical analysis ensures that median-SAF converges linearly to the original signal via the gradient algorithm from an delicate initial estimate with high probability. Substantial numerical tests empirically illustrate that the proposed method is superior to other state-of-the-art methods in terms of the recovery rate and the performance on suppressing outliers.
相位恢复(PR)是一个从无相线性测量中恢复信号的逆问题,在各个领域都有应用。在实际场景中,部分测量结果不可避免地会被取任意值的异常值所破坏。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了中位数截断策略的平滑振幅流(SAF)方法——中位数-SAF方法。我们发现中位数- saf在抑制异常值方面具有一些固有的优势。理论分析保证了中值saf通过梯度算法从精细的高概率初始估计线性收敛到原始信号。大量的数值试验经验表明,该方法在回收率和抑制异常值的性能方面优于其他最先进的方法。
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引用次数: 1
Determination of particular singular configurations of Stewart platform type of fixator by the stereographic projection method 用立体投影法确定Stewart平台型固定器的特殊奇异构型
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-08-08 DOI: 10.1080/17415977.2021.1960325
D. Dönmez, I. Akcali, E. Avşar, A. Aydın, H. Mutlu
Hexapod-type external fixators based on a general 6-6 Stewart platform structure are extensively used to manage orthopaedic disorders. While implementing these robotic devices, a practical visual aid is needed to quickly identify their uncontrollable states referred to as singularities. Thus, a visible correlation between the singularity of hexapod-type external fixators and their particular configurations has been explored geometrically in this work. A novel method called stereographic projection is utilized for that purpose. A mathematical procedure has been established to determine the characteristic values of the singular states. It is found that in case four- out of six-rod directions intersect each other at a common point, two different singular robot configurations result. Besides, if four joint angles at the top and bottom rings of the hexapod are equal, rings being parallel, then five-rod directions are intersected by two lines each passing through the end joints of the fifth rod.
基于6-6 Stewart平台结构的六足外固定架广泛用于骨科疾病的治疗。在实现这些机器人设备时,需要一种实用的视觉辅助来快速识别它们的不可控状态,即奇点。因此,在这项工作中,六足型外固定架的奇异性与其特定构型之间的可见相关性已经在几何上进行了探索。一种称为立体投影的新方法被用于这一目的。建立了确定奇异态特征值的数学方法。研究发现,当六杆方向中的四杆在公共点相交时,会产生两种不同的奇异机器人构型。此外,如果六足体上下环的四个关节角相等,环平行,则五杆方向由两条线相交,每条线穿过第五杆的末端关节。
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引用次数: 1
Rational (Padé) approximation for estimating the components of the partially-linear regression model 估计部分线性回归模型分量的有理(Padé)近似
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-08-06 DOI: 10.1080/17415977.2021.1961767
D. Aydın, E. Yılmaz, N. Chamidah
This paper proposes a new smoothing technique based on rational function approximation using truncated total least squares (P−TTLS) and compares it with the widely used smoothing spline method, whi...
本文提出了一种新的基于截断总最小二乘有理函数逼近的平滑技术,并将其与广泛使用的平滑样条法进行了比较。。。
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引用次数: 0
An efficient and robust algorithm for source reconstruction in the Helmholtz equation 一种高效鲁棒的亥姆霍兹方程源重构算法
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-08-06 DOI: 10.1080/17415977.2021.1960832
A. Charkaoui, A. El Badia, Nour Eddine Alaa
ABSTRACT This work proposes an identification method for reconstructing the characteristic source in the Helmholtz equation from boundary measurements. We formulate the inverse source problem into a shape optimization problem by introducing a least-squares cost function. Using the shape optimization techniques, we prove the existence of an optimal solution to the considered shape optimization problem and we calculate the gradient of the cost function with respect to the shape . By using the Level set method, we present an iterative algorithm to recover numerically the shape . We develop a new technique to initialize the level set algorithm, which permits capturing different hidden shapes. To examine the validity of the proposed method, we illustrate several numerical experiments with different hidden shapes. By adding a level of noise to the measured data, we evaluate the robustness of our reconstruction algorithm.
本文提出了一种基于边界测量重建亥姆霍兹方程特征源的识别方法。通过引入最小二乘代价函数,将源逆问题转化为形状优化问题。利用形状优化技术,证明了所考虑的形状优化问题的最优解的存在性,并计算了代价函数相对于形状的梯度。利用水平集方法,提出了一种数值恢复形状的迭代算法。我们开发了一种新的技术来初始化水平集算法,它允许捕获不同的隐藏形状。为了验证该方法的有效性,我们举例说明了几种不同隐藏形状的数值实验。通过在测量数据中加入一定程度的噪声,我们评估了重建算法的鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Inverse Problems in Science and Engineering
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