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Reconstruction of refractive index maps using photogrammetry 利用摄影测量重建折射率图
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/17415977.2021.1946533
A. Miller, A. Mulholland, K. Tant, S. Pierce, B. Hughes, A. B. Forbes
Large volume metrology is a key enabler of autonomous precision manufacturing. For component positioning, the optical-based metrology technique of photogrammetry could be used more widely if its accuracy was improved. These positional measurements are subject to uncertainties which can be greater than manufacturing tolerances. One source of uncertainty is due to thermal gradients, which cause the refraction of the light rays in large-scale industrial environments. This paper uses light-based sensor data to reconstruct a heterogeneous spatial map of the refractive index in air. We use this reconstructed refractive index map to discount the refractive effects and thereby reduce the uncertainty of this positioning problem. This new inverse problem employs Voronoi tessellations to spatially parameterize the refractive index map, the Fast Marching Method to solve the forward problem of calculating the light rays through this medium, and a Bayesian approach in the inversion. Using simulated data, this methodology leads to positioning improvements of up to 37 .
大批量计量是自主精密制造的关键推动者。对于元件定位,如果提高精度,基于光学的摄影测量计量技术可以得到更广泛的应用。这些位置测量的不确定性可能大于制造公差。不确定性的一个来源是热梯度,热梯度会导致大规模工业环境中光线的折射。本文使用基于光的传感器数据来重建空气中折射率的异质空间图。我们使用这个重建的折射率图来减少折射效应,从而减少这个定位问题的不确定性。这一新的反演问题采用Voronoi镶嵌来对折射率图进行空间参数化,采用快速行进法来解决计算通过该介质的光线的正向问题,以及反演中的贝叶斯方法。使用模拟数据,这种方法可以使定位改进多达37。
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引用次数: 0
Damage diagnosis of high-rise buildings under variable ambient conditions using subdomain approach 基于子域法的变环境条件下高层建筑损伤诊断
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-06-22 DOI: 10.1080/17415977.2021.1941922
K. Lakshmi, M. Keerthivas
Tall structures, during their service lifetime, face many scenarios and are often prone to damages. Generally, static or dynamic measurements from the entire structure are used while formulating the Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) techniques for damage diagnosis. In this paper, an output-only damage diagnostic technique using the decentralized concept (subdomain-based) for high-rise buildings, employing the Vector form of the Autoregressive with exogenous input (VARX) model is developed. Vector version of the ARX model is preferred, as the vector models are more effective in detecting/localising the damage, when compared to the scalar models, due to their capability to predict the signals from a group of sensors per trial. In this work, the dynamic equation of motion associated with a building model is recast into the form of the VARX model, aiding to the decentralised damage diagnostic algorithm. New damage indices have been proposed to handle the inevitable confounding factors like environmental and operational variabilities (EoV), apart from measurement noise, to avoid false-positive alarms. The effectiveness of the proposed subdomain based damage diagnostic technique and its robustness to environmental/operational variabilities and measurement noise, are illustrated using the synthetic time-history responses of a 25-storey framed structure and the responses from a ten-storey experimental steel framed structure.
高层结构在其使用寿命期间面临许多情况,并且往往容易损坏。通常,在制定用于损伤诊断的结构健康监测(SHM)技术时,使用整个结构的静态或动态测量。本文利用具有外生输入的自回归(VARX)模型的向量形式,开发了一种基于分散概念(子域)的高层建筑纯输出损伤诊断技术。ARX模型的矢量版本是优选的,因为与标量模型相比,矢量模型在检测/定位损伤方面更有效,因为它们能够预测每次试验来自一组传感器的信号。在这项工作中,与建筑模型相关的动态运动方程被重新塑造成VARX模型的形式,有助于分散的损伤诊断算法。除了测量噪声外,还提出了新的损伤指数来处理不可避免的混杂因素,如环境和操作变量(EoV),以避免误报。通过25层框架结构的合成时程响应和10层实验钢框架结构的响应,说明了所提出的基于子域的损伤诊断技术的有效性及其对环境/操作变量和测量噪声的鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 4
Quasi-3D inverse design of S-shaped diffuser with specified cross-section distribution; super-ellipse, egg-shaped, and ellipse 给出了一种具有特定截面分布的S形扩压器的拟三维反设计方法;超椭圆、卵形和椭圆
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-06-22 DOI: 10.1080/17415977.2021.1943382
A. Madadi, M. Nili-Ahmadabadi, M. Kermani
Recently, an inverse design method called the ball spine algorithm (BSA) is introduced to design S-duct diffusers with elliptic cross-sections. The technique is developed for the 3-D design of S-sh...
最近,引入了一种称为球脊算法(BSA)的逆向设计方法来设计椭圆截面的S型管扩散器。该技术是为S-sh.的三维设计而开发的。。。
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引用次数: 3
Localization of impact on box mechanical structure by the method of modal parameters extraction combined with K-means clustering 结合k均值聚类的模态参数提取方法对箱体机械结构的冲击定位
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.1080/17415977.2021.1940164
Zhenfeng Huang, Dahuan Wei, H. Mao, Xinxin Li, Weili Tang, Kuangchi Sun, Xun Qian
In structural health monitoring, the localization of impact is one of the most basic and challenging problems. However, existing technologies are only suitable for obtaining the impact position of plate structures, which hinder their engineering applications. Here, we propose a new method to study the impact position of complex box structures. The proposed method is based on modal parameters and k-means clustering. The modal parameters under different excitation are extracted by applying repeated impact to different positions of the structure, and then the modal constants are clustered to form the cluster centrrs. When the impact occurs at a certain location, the extracted modal constants can be compared with the clustering centres to determine the impact location. The effectiveness of this method is verified by the impact experiment of the gearbox.
在结构健康监测中,冲击定位是最基本、最具挑战性的问题之一。然而,现有技术仅适用于获取板结构的冲击位置,阻碍了其工程应用。本文提出了一种研究复杂箱体结构冲击位置的新方法。该方法基于模态参数和k均值聚类。通过对结构的不同位置进行重复冲击,提取不同激励下的模态参数,然后对模态常数进行聚类,形成聚类中心。当撞击发生在某一位置时,提取的模态常数可以与聚类中心进行比较,从而确定撞击位置。通过齿轮箱的冲击实验验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Inverse estimation of temperature-dependent refractive index profile in conductive-radiative media 导电性辐射介质中温度相关折射率曲线的逆估计
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-06-06 DOI: 10.1080/17415985.2021.1932872
H. Shafiee, S. M. Hosseini Sarvari
The aim of this paper is to retrieve the temperature-dependent refractive index distribution in parallel-plane semi-transparent media with combined conduction-radiation heat transfer, by the measurement of exit intensities over the boundaries. The finite volume method in combination with the discrete ordinates method is used to solve the energy equation. The results of the direct solution for both linear-spatially and linear-temperature-dependent refractive index distributions are compared and the effects of the main parameters are examined. The results confirm a remarkable difference between the results for spatially and temperature-dependent refractive index profiles. Finally, the refractive index profile is estimated using the conjugate gradient method in an inverse manner. The coefficients of the linear profile are estimated for three cases with different levels of measurement errors; 1%, 3% and 5%. The results show that the temperature-dependent refractive index distribution can be retrieved in a good range of errors for noisy data.
本文的目的是通过测量边界上的出射强度,反演具有组合传导-辐射传热的平行平面半透明介质中与温度相关的折射率分布。采用有限体积法结合离散坐标法求解能量方程。比较了线性空间和线性温度相关折射率分布的直接求解结果,并检验了主要参数的影响。这些结果证实了空间和温度相关折射率分布的结果之间的显著差异。最后,使用共轭梯度法以相反的方式估计折射率分布。对于具有不同测量误差水平的三种情况,估计线性轮廓的系数;1%、3%和5%。结果表明,对于有噪声的数据,可以在良好的误差范围内恢复温度相关的折射率分布。
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引用次数: 6
New method to interpret the ‘canister test’ data for determining kinetic parameters of coalbed gas: theory and experiment 解释煤层气动力学参数“罐式试验”数据的新方法:理论和实验
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-06-06 DOI: 10.1080/17415985.2021.1936516
A. Karchevsky, Leonid Nazarov, L. Nazarova
The nonlinear model has been developed and implemented to describe gas emission from coal slack placed in a sealed container (‘canister test’). The model accounts for initial gas content S, coefficients of diffusion D, mass transfer β and desorption kinetics γ, as well as for fractional composition of the sample. Using the developed analytical method of the initial boundary value problem solution, it is found that the pressure of gas in the container tends to a constant value with time. The inverse problem of determining the kinetic parameters S, D, β and γ of gas by the pressure readouts in the experiments has been formulated and subjected to solvability tests. The introduced objective function (discrepancy between and the calculated pressure) is almost independent of β. Based on the modification of the conjugate gradient method, the inverse problem algorithm is proposed. Using the data of in situ measurements of pressure in three containers, the authors perform quantification of gas content, as well as diffusion and desorption kinetics coefficients in terms of a coal bed in Berezovskaya Mine (Kuznetsk Coal Basin). The range of the mass transfer coefficient is estimated by the results of the grain-size analysis of the test samples.
建立并实现了描述密封容器中煤渣气体排放的非线性模型(“卡特尔试验”)。该模型考虑了初始气体含量S、扩散系数D、传质β和解吸动力学γ,以及样品的分数组成。利用发展的初边值问题解的解析方法,发现容器内气体的压力随时间趋于常值。建立了由实验中的压力读数确定气体动力学参数S、D、β和γ的反问题,并进行了可解性检验。引入的目标函数(与计算压力之间的差异)几乎与β无关。在对共轭梯度法进行改进的基础上,提出了反问题算法。利用三个容器中压力的现场测量数据,作者对别列佐夫斯卡亚煤矿(库兹涅茨克煤盆地)煤层的气体含量以及扩散和解吸动力学系数进行了量化。传质系数的范围是通过测试样品的粒度分析结果来估计的。
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引用次数: 1
Evaluation of lightning location using measured induced voltage obtained from distribution power networks 用配电网测得的感应电压评价雷电定位
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-05-12 DOI: 10.1080/17415977.2021.1914602
M. Izadi, M. Kadir, M. Osman, M. Hajikhani
Lightning location is a significant issue in the protection of transmission lines, renewable energy sources, and electrical equipment. In this article, a new technique for the determination of lightning striking points is been proposed. This method is depending on measured values of lightning-induced voltage obtained from distribution power lines in the vicinity of the lightning channel. The proposed method considers lightning location as well as lightning current wave shape at the channel base. It was validated using a number of measured return stroke currents, and the outcomes are debated accordingly. All electromagnetic field components were taken into consideration in the proposed method, and lightning current wave shape was determined in contrast with the other, widely used methods. Evaluated lightning current wave shapes, based on local measured data, can be used to examine and improve existing protection schemes in renewable energy generation farms, transmission lines, and other power sites. Moreover, lightning maps and ground flash density can be obtained from the evaluated lighting location data to be used in lightning risk assessment studies.
雷电定位是输电线路、可再生能源和电气设备保护中的一个重要问题。本文提出了一种确定雷击点的新技术。该方法取决于从雷电通道附近的配电线路获得的雷电感应电压的测量值。所提出的方法考虑了闪电的位置以及通道底部的闪电电流波形。使用大量测量的回流电流对其进行了验证,并对结果进行了相应的辩论。该方法考虑了所有电磁场分量,并与其他广泛使用的方法进行了对比,确定了雷电电流波形。根据当地测量数据评估的雷电电流波形可用于检查和改进可再生能源发电场、输电线路和其他电力站点的现有保护方案。此外,可以从评估的照明位置数据中获得闪电地图和地面闪光密度,用于闪电风险评估研究。
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引用次数: 0
Active manipulation of Helmholtz scalar fields in an ocean of two homogeneous layers of constant depth 在两层均质恒定深度的海洋中主动操纵亥姆霍兹标量场
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-05-09 DOI: 10.1080/17415977.2021.1918688
N. J. A. Egarguin, D. Onofrei, Chaoxian Qi, Jiefu Chen
In this work, we prove the possibility of actively controlling the acoustic field in an ocean consisting of two homogeneous layers of constant depth using a surface source embedded in one of the layers. For a class of prescribed fields on some bounded control regions in either layer, we show the existence of a boundary input on the source, either acoustic pressure or normal velocity so that the propagated field approximates the prescribed fields. Also, we provide a constructive scheme to find the required boundary input using a Morozov discrepancy principle-based Tikhonov regularization scheme. Several numerical simulations are also provided to support our analyses.
在这项工作中,我们证明了在由两个均匀的恒定深度层组成的海洋中,使用嵌入其中一层的表面源来主动控制声场的可能性。对于每一层的有界控制区域上的一类规定场,我们证明了声源(声压或法向速度)上存在边界输入,使传播场近似于规定场。此外,我们还提供了一个建设性的方案,使用基于Morozov差异原则的Tikhonov正则化方案来找到所需的边界输入。几个数值模拟也提供了支持我们的分析。
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引用次数: 1
Non-contact detection of single-cell lead-acid battery electrodes’ defects through conductivity reconstruction by magnetic induction tomography 磁感应层析成像电导率重建的单芯铅酸电池电极缺陷非接触检测
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/17415977.2021.1918127
Shujian Tang, Guogang Zhang, Lijia Ge, Zhengxiang Song, Yingsan Geng, Jianhua Wang
The change of electrodes’ conductivity is a crucial parameter during battery aging process, non-contact detection of battery electrodes’ defects through conductivity reconstruction is an innovative technology. In this paper, the magnetic induction tomography (MIT) was applied to reconstruct the conductivity of electrodes, the simplified battery models with complete and broken electrodes were chosen as target A and target Brespectively, and an eight-channel MIT system was designed to measure the change of mutual induced voltage. A method of computing the forward problem called ‘A·E’ was adopted to compute the coefficient matrix for the forward problem and the frequency 12.665kHz was chosen as the excitation frequency. Based on the conductivity reconstruction images, relative errors of reconstructed conductivity and objective function, ‘A·E’ method exhibited advantages in terms of computation time and accuracy compared to coefficient sensitivity method with the simulation data. In order to test the accuracy of ‘A·E’ method, data measured by MIT system was applied in the inverse problem with four regularization parameter selection methods. L-curve criterion and generalized cross-validation criterion identified defects successfully as they were more sensitive to the change of conductivity.
电极电导率的变化是电池老化过程中的一个关键参数,通过电导率重建非接触式检测电池电极缺陷是一项创新技术。本文应用磁感应层析成像(MIT)重建电极的导电性,分别选择电极完整和断裂的简化电池模型作为目标A和目标B,并设计了一个八通道MIT系统来测量互感电压的变化。采用一种称为“A·E”的正向问题计算方法来计算正向问题的系数矩阵,并选择频率12.665kHz作为激励频率。基于电导率重建图像、重建电导率和目标函数的相对误差,与模拟数据的系数灵敏度方法相比,“A·E”方法在计算时间和精度方面具有优势。为了检验“A·E”方法的准确性,将MIT系统测量的数据应用于四种正则化参数选择方法的逆问题中。L-曲线准则和广义交叉验证准则成功地识别了缺陷,因为它们对电导率的变化更敏感。
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引用次数: 1
Cornering stiffness estimation using Levenberg–Marquardt approach 利用Levenberg-Marquardt方法估计转弯刚度
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/17415977.2021.1910683
C. Pereira, Ricardo Teixeira da Costa Neto, B. Loiola
Study of vehicle dynamics aggregates possibilities to enhance performance, safety and reliability, such as the integration of control systems, usually requiring knowledge on vehicle's states and parameters. However, some critical values are difficult to measure or are not disclosed. For this reason, dynamics and stability analysis of six-wheeled vehicles are compromised, and available information on this matter is limited. In this context, this paper proposes the estimation of the cornering stiffness of a 6x6 vehicle by an inverse problem approach applying the Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) method. The algorithm required data from field experiments and from simulations of a vehicle model during a double-lane change manoeuvre developed using . Experimental and theoretical values for the vehicle yaw rate were combined through LM method for cornering stiffness estimation. The excellent agreement between measured and simulated yaw rate indicates that the proposed model and the estimated parameters properly represent the vehicle dynamics response.
车辆动力学的研究聚集了提高性能、安全性和可靠性的可能性,例如控制系统的集成,通常需要了解车辆的状态和参数。然而,一些临界值难以测量或未披露。由于这个原因,六轮车辆的动力学和稳定性分析受到了损害,关于这一问题的可用信息有限。在此背景下,本文提出了一种基于Levenberg-Marquardt (LM)方法的反问题方法来估计6x6车辆的转弯刚度。该算法需要的数据来自现场实验和模拟车辆模型在双变道机动开发使用。通过LM方法将横摆角速度的实验值与理论值相结合,进行转弯刚度估计。实测和仿真结果吻合良好,表明所提模型和估计参数能较好地反映车辆的动力学响应。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Inverse Problems in Science and Engineering
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