International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences最新文献_第5页

Dynamic response analysis of three-layer anchorage under radial P-wave loading: wave-function expansion for optimal thickness 径向纵波荷载作用下三层锚固动力响应分析：波函数展开式最优厚度

IF 7.5 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2026.106416

Jian Ouyang , Xiuzhi Shi , Xianyang Qiu , Chengxing Zong , Zongguo Zhang

Blasting-induced dynamic loads are a primary risk factor for failure in underground support structures. Based on the wave-function expansion method, this study develops a dynamic response model of a surrounding rock-anchoring agent-bolt system subjected to cylindrical P-wave incidence. A dimensionless dynamic stress concentration factor (DSCF) is introduced to characterize the stress within the system. The influences of blasting source frequency, impact distance, anchoring agent thickness, and material impedance mismatch on the evolution of DSCF are systematically analyzed. Parametric analyses reveal that low-frequency excitation leads to lower and more uniformly distributed DSCF. The thickness and shear modulus of the anchoring agent significantly affect the magnitude and directional distribution of DSCF. The LS-DYNA simulations validate the model's ability to capture wave propagation, interface reflections, and stress concentration, confirming that reflected shear waves govern circumferential stress and make the 90° direction most prone to tensile failure. Physical model tests further verify this trend, with higher 90° strain and stronger internal interface response, supporting the model's engineering applicability. A three-dimensional response surface is established, incorporating frequency, impedance, and thickness. Based on this surface, a quantitative optimization strategy is proposed: within the parameter space examined here, thickness ratios in the range of 1.4–1.8 reduce DSCF, combined with suitable impedance matching, can effectively minimize DSCF under multi-frequency excitation under the adopted model assumptions. This study establishes an analytical framework and validated failure mechanism for radial dynamic stress concentration, and proposes a quantifiable design criterion that enables more reliable optimization of anchorage systems under blasting loads.

爆破动荷载是地下支护结构破坏的主要危险因素。基于波函数展开法，建立了柱面纵波作用下围岩-锚固剂-锚杆体系的动力响应模型。引入无量纲动态应力集中因子（DSCF）来表征系统内的应力。系统分析了爆破源频率、冲击距离、锚固剂厚度、材料阻抗失配等因素对DSCF演化的影响。参数分析表明，低频激励导致的离散流场更小且分布更均匀。锚固剂的厚度和剪切模量对DSCF的大小和方向分布有显著影响。LS-DYNA模拟验证了该模型捕捉波传播、界面反射和应力集中的能力，证实了反射剪切波控制周向应力，并使90°方向最容易发生拉伸破坏。物理模型试验进一步验证了这一趋势，具有更高的90°应变和更强的内部界面响应，支持了模型的工程适用性。建立了包含频率、阻抗和厚度的三维响应面。基于该曲面，提出了一种定量优化策略：在所选取的参数空间内，在采用的模型假设下，厚度比在1.4 ~ 1.8范围内减小DSCF，并结合合适的阻抗匹配，可以有效地减小多频激励下的DSCF。本研究建立了径向动应力集中的分析框架，验证了破坏机理，提出了可量化的设计准则，使爆破荷载作用下锚固体系的优化更加可靠。

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引用次数: 0

A microplane-enhanced quasi-bond method with a dual-mechanism fracture criterion for mixed-mode failure in rock-like materials 基于双机制断裂准则的类岩材料混合模式破坏微平面增强准粘结方法

IF 7.5 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106396

Wei-Tong Li , Qi-Zhi Zhu , Wei-Jian Li , Xing-Guang Zhao

This paper presents an enhanced quasi-bond method for modeling mixed-mode fracture in rock-like materials. By integrating concepts from microplane theory, the proposed approach incorporates strain decomposition and projection onto bond directions, establishing bond-level stiffness through energy equivalence with classical elasticity. The formulation accommodates arbitrary Poisson’s ratios and preserves consistency across two-dimensional/three-dimensional settings. A novel dual-mechanism fracture criterion is introduced, incorporating both a bond-breakage rule based on energy thresholds and microstress states to differentiate tensile and shear cracks, and a complementary bond-level softening model that concurrently captures tensile and shear strength degradation. To improve numerical accuracy, a smoothed strain technique synchronizes strain updates with bond failure, and a hybrid finite element/quasi-bond coupling strategy enables efficient localized fracture resolution. Validations against notched beams and multi-flawed specimens under compression demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed model in solving mixed-mode fracture in rock-like materials. Engineering-scale extensions to jointed rock slopes reveal step-path fracture network evolution governed by flaw interaction-driven coalescence patterns, advancing geohazard predictions through explicit linkage between discrete fracturing and macro-scale instability.

本文提出了一种改进的类岩石材料混合模式断裂模拟准键方法。该方法结合微平面理论，结合应变分解和键向投影，通过与经典弹性力学的能量等效建立键级刚度。该公式适用于任意泊松比，并保持二维/三维设置的一致性。引入了一种新的双机制断裂准则，结合了基于能量阈值和微应力状态的粘结破坏规则来区分拉伸和剪切裂纹，以及同时捕获拉伸和剪切强度退化的互补粘结级软化模型。为了提高数值精度，一种平滑应变技术将应变更新与粘结破坏同步，一种混合有限元/准粘结耦合策略可以实现有效的局部断裂分辨率。对缺口梁和多缺陷压缩试样的验证表明了该模型在求解类岩石材料混合模式断裂中的准确性。对节理岩质边坡的工程尺度扩展揭示了由缺陷相互作用驱动的聚结模式控制的阶梯裂缝网络演化，通过离散压裂与宏观尺度失稳之间的明确联系，推进了地质灾害预测。

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引用次数: 0

Capturing dynamic rockburst behaviors of deep rock masses with a novel nonlocal general particle dynamic method 用一种新的非局部一般粒子动力学方法捕捉深部岩体的动态岩爆行为

IF 7.5 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2026.106403

Jin-Hu Pan , Xiao-Ping Zhou

Understanding rockburst mechanism has always been a fundamental challenge in the field of geotechnical engineering. The nonlocal methods have excellent potential to simulate fragment problems such as rockburst. However, early researches employing nonlocal methods primarily focused on the static process of rockburst, their capabilities in simulating the full dynamic fracture propagation and fragment ejection processes remain to be further explored. To reproduce the dynamic rockburst process in deep tunnel, the present work proposes a novel nonlocal general particle dynamic method. Firstly, four types of contact behaviors in rockburst are identified and a contact model based on the theorem of momentum is proposed to determine the contact force. Secondly, we establish a joint model that distinguishes the tensile, compressive and shear deformation features of bonds to characterize the joints in rock masses. Thirdly, the Holmquist-Johnson-Cook constitutive model is modified to consider the features of high pressure and high strain rate in rockburst process and to simulate the damage evolution by incorporating the critical stretch criterion and critical equivalent strain criterion. The first three examples, oedometric test, block sliding on an inclined plane and wave propagation in a one-dimensional bar with a joint, are conducted to verify the proposed numerical framework. The final three examples simulate the rockburst phenomenon induced by excavation. The numerical results obtained by the developed approach are in high agreement with the experimental results and the field observations. The several typical features in rockburst, particle spalling, particle ejection and V-shaped rockburst pit, are successfully reproduced, which demonstrate that the proposed method possesses excellent ability to model the dynamic rockburst process and can provide a theoretical basis for hazard assessment and prevention strategies in deep underground engineering.

了解岩爆机理一直是岩土工程领域的一个基本挑战。非局部方法在模拟岩爆等破片问题上具有很好的潜力。然而，早期采用非局部方法的研究主要集中在岩爆的静态过程，其模拟全动态裂缝扩展和破片喷射过程的能力有待进一步探索。为了再现深埋隧道岩爆的动态过程，提出了一种新的非局部一般颗粒动力学方法。首先，识别了岩爆中的四种接触行为，并提出了基于动量定理的接触模型来确定接触力。其次，建立了区分粘结体拉伸、压缩和剪切变形特征的节理模型，对岩体中的节理进行了表征。第三，对Holmquist-Johnson-Cook本构模型进行修正，考虑岩爆过程中高压、高应变率的特点，引入临界拉伸准则和临界等效应变准则，模拟岩爆过程的损伤演化；通过测量试验、斜面上的块体滑动和带节理的一维杆体中的波传播三个算例验证了所提出的数值框架。最后三个算例模拟了开挖引起的岩爆现象。该方法的数值计算结果与实验结果和现场观测结果吻合较好。成功再现了岩爆中颗粒剥落、颗粒抛射和v型岩爆坑等典型特征，表明该方法具有良好的岩爆动态过程建模能力，可为深埋地下工程灾害评价和防治策略提供理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Analysis of seismic potential in a depleted chalk reservoir subject to CO2 injection 注二氧化碳作用下枯竭白垩储层地震潜力分析

IF 7.5 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106394

M.R. Hajiabadi, F. Amour, B. Hosseinzadeh, A.C. Cheriki, H. Nick

This study presents a multi-scale modelling framework to evaluate fault reactivation risks and seismic potential during CO₂ injection into a highly depleted and deformable chalk reservoir, using the Harald East field in the northern part of the Danish North Sea as a case study. A robust multi-scale Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical (THM) modeling approach is developed to bridge field- and fault-scale processes, supporting fault stability and seismic risk assessment in CO₂ storage. A field-scale coupled flow-geomechanical model is used to screen for critically-stressed faults, while fault-scale simulations investigate slip behaviour using a Mohr-Coulomb frictional model, combined with a rate-dependent frictional model to assess specific potential seismic events. THM analysis under realistic CO₂ injection scenarios reveals that faults remain stable with friction coefficients of 0.6. However, simulations with reduced initial friction coefficients (e.g., 0.27 and 0.36) indicate localized slip risks during both production and injection phases along the plane of one single fault out of a total of 30 faults analysed. As the reservoir repressurizes, the stress regime transitions from normal to reverse faulting, accompanied by a significant reorientation in principal stress. This shift of stress regime causes a progressive rise in shear stress on the fault plane as repressurization continues, resulting in higher slip tendency values and a greater likelihood of seismic reactivation. Besides, the results demonstrate the benefit of a combined field- and fault-scale approach that enhances computational efficiency by restricting detailed analyses to critical faults and critical time throughout the injection period. This work provides a framework for fault stability and seismic risk assessments, offering key insights for the safe implementation of underground CO₂ storage projects.

本研究以丹麦北海北部Harald East油田为例，提出了一个多尺度建模框架，以评估向高度枯竭和可变形的白垩油藏注入二氧化碳期间断层再激活风险和地震潜力。开发了一种鲁棒的多尺度热-水-机械（THM）建模方法，以桥接现场和断层尺度过程，支持二氧化碳储存中的断层稳定性和地震风险评估。现场尺度的耦合流动-地质力学模型用于筛选临界应力断层，而断层尺度的模拟使用Mohr-Coulomb摩擦模型来研究滑动行为，并结合速率相关的摩擦模型来评估特定的潜在地震事件。在实际CO2注入场景下的THM分析表明，断层保持稳定，摩擦系数为0.6。然而，降低初始摩擦系数（例如0.27和0.36）的模拟表明，在分析的30条断层中，沿单个断层的平面，在生产和注入阶段都存在局部滑动风险。随着储层增压，应力状态由正断层向逆断层转变，主应力方向发生明显改变。随着再增压的继续，这种应力状态的转变导致断面上的剪应力逐渐上升，导致更高的滑动倾向值和更大的地震再激活可能性。此外，研究结果还证明了现场和断层尺度相结合的方法的优势，该方法将详细分析限制在整个注入周期的关键断层和关键时间，从而提高了计算效率。这项工作为断层稳定性和地震风险评估提供了一个框架，为地下二氧化碳储存项目的安全实施提供了关键见解。

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引用次数: 0

Parametric calibration in bonded block models for simulating mechanical behaviours of intact rocks using machine learning 用机器学习模拟完整岩石力学行为的粘结块模型参数校准

IF 7.5 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2026.106400

Fengchang Bu , Ruoshen Lin , Michel Jaboyedoff , Wei Liu , Lei Xue

Despite widespread adoption of the bonded block model (BBM) in modelling intact rocks, the calibration of BBM modelling parameters remains a significant challenge, undermining the trustworthiness of BBM-simulated results. Existing trial-and-error and sensitivity analyses for calibration suffer from inefficiency, subjectivity, and difficulty in establishing the high-dimensional and nonlinear complex mapping from modelling parameters to modelled properties in BBM. To address this issue, built on BBM-based universal distinct element code (UDEC), we employed machine learning to clarify this complex mapping. A comprehensive numerical database with 3456 UDEC simulations was constructed for training machine learning models, followed by the selection of the optimal machine learning models by comparing their predictive performances. Subsequently, we collected experimental data from 99 rock types that served as modelled properties to be input into the selected trained machine learning models. Through an inversion by integrating grid search, the corresponding modelling parameters could be output, that is, the machine learning–calibrated modelling parameters. They were further imported into UDEC to perform another 1485 simulations to validate their reliability and robustness. It was also found that both lithology and block size affect calibration accuracy differently across modelled properties. In applying the framework, specific rock model configuration may be considered when establishing the numerical database, including the constitutive laws of blocks and contacts and specific rock structure. This study provides an effective solution for parametric calibration in BBM, advancing more reliable use of BBM in scientific and engineering contexts.

尽管结合块体模型（BBM）在完整岩石建模中被广泛采用，但BBM建模参数的校准仍然是一个重大挑战，这破坏了BBM模拟结果的可信度。现有的试错法和灵敏度分析存在效率低、主观性强、难以建立从建模参数到建模属性的高维非线性复杂映射等问题。为了解决这个问题，我们基于基于bbm的通用不同元素代码（UDEC），使用机器学习来澄清这个复杂的映射。构建了包含3456个UDEC模拟的综合数值数据库，用于训练机器学习模型，并通过比较其预测性能选择最优的机器学习模型。随后，我们收集了99种岩石类型的实验数据，作为建模属性，输入到选定的训练有素的机器学习模型中。通过积分网格搜索进行反演，可以输出相应的建模参数，即机器学习标定的建模参数。将它们进一步导入UDEC进行另外1485次模拟，以验证其可靠性和鲁棒性。还发现岩性和块体大小对不同建模属性的校准精度影响不同。在应用该框架时，在建立数值数据库时可以考虑特定的岩石模型配置，包括块体和接触体的本构规律以及特定的岩石结构。该研究为BBM的参数校准提供了有效的解决方案，促进了BBM在科学和工程环境中更可靠的使用。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of rock creep on the performance of lined caverns under cyclic pressurization and hydrogen embrittlement 循环加压和氢脆作用下岩石蠕变对衬砌洞室性能的影响

IF 7.5 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2026.106401

Chenxi Zhao , Haiyang Yu , Zixin Zhang , Qinghua Lei

Lined rock cavern (LRC) technology, known for its remarkable geographical flexibility, stands out as a promising and cost-effective approach to underground hydrogen storage. However, since these caverns are often built in complex geological settings and designed for prolonged operation, evaluating their long-term stability is crucial, which should take into account both the creep of rock masses under fatigue loading and the degradation of the steel lining under hydrogen embrittlement (HE). In this paper, we present a comprehensive numerical analysis of LRCs within fractured rock masses, incorporating the effects of time-dependent viscoelastic deformation in the host rock and HE processes in the steel lining under cyclic pressurization. A novel two-dimensional multiscale model is developed that captures the interactions between the LRC structure and the surrounding fractured rocks to assess the damage and degradation of concrete, rock, and steel components in the LRC system. Our framework uniquely integrates rock viscoelasticity and steel hydrogen embrittlement mechanisms, providing a quantitative means to evaluate the long-term mechanical–chemical interactions. The findings demonstrate that the rock’s viscoelastic behavior significantly impacts the time-dependent integrity of the LRC, with damage progressively accumulating during prolonged operation. Additionally, damage evolution in the concrete lining and rock mass, along with steel degradation, are strongly influenced by pre-existing fractures in the rock mass. While small relaxation times in the viscoelastic response lead to rapid system stabilization, moderate relaxation times can trigger time-dependent stress redistribution and further damage progression. The results also highlight the important effect of HE on LRC performance, especially when the surrounding rock mass is characterized by the presence of interconnected fractures. The insights gained in this study are critical to optimizing the design and ensuring the long-term safe operation of LRCs in the context of sustainable underground hydrogen storage.

内衬岩洞（LRC）技术以其卓越的地理灵活性而闻名，是一种具有前景和成本效益的地下储氢方法。然而，由于这些洞穴通常建在复杂的地质环境中，并且设计用于长时间运行，因此评估它们的长期稳定性至关重要，这应该考虑到疲劳载荷下岩体的蠕变和氢脆（HE）作用下钢衬砌的退化。在本文中，我们对裂隙岩体中的lrc进行了全面的数值分析，考虑了宿主岩石中随时间变化的粘弹性变形和循环加压下钢衬砌中的HE过程的影响。开发了一种新的二维多尺度模型，该模型捕获了LRC结构与周围裂隙岩石之间的相互作用，以评估LRC系统中混凝土，岩石和钢构件的损伤和退化。我们的框架独特地集成了岩石粘弹性和钢氢脆机制，为评估长期的机械-化学相互作用提供了定量手段。研究结果表明，岩石的粘弹性行为显著影响LRC的随时间变化的完整性，随着作业时间的延长，损伤会逐渐累积。此外，混凝土衬砌和岩体的损伤演变以及钢的退化受到岩体中预先存在的裂缝的强烈影响。虽然粘弹性响应中的小松弛时间会导致系统快速稳定，但适度的松弛时间会引发随时间变化的应力重新分布和进一步的损伤进展。结果还强调了HE对LRC性能的重要影响，特别是当围岩存在相互连接的裂缝时。在可持续地下储氢的背景下，本研究获得的见解对于优化设计和确保lrc的长期安全运行至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Identification of elastic constants of transversely isotropic rocks using strain measurements from a single inclined specimen 横向各向同性岩石的弹性常数的识别用应变测量从一个单一的倾斜试样

IF 7.5 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2026.106399

Youn-Kyou Lee , S. Pietruszczak

The elastic behavior of transversely isotropic rocks is governed by five independent constants. Conventional methods for measuring these elastic constants typically involve uniaxial compression tests on three specimens sampled at different inclinations with respect to the isotropy plane. However, this approach may introduce errors due to specimen heterogeneity. In this study, three sets of simple inversion formulas are derived to determine five elastic constants from strain data obtained during hydrostatic compression followed by an increment of axial stress applied to a single inclined specimen. Each of these three sets includes an identical equation for the shear modulus and a distinct matrix equation for the remaining four elastic constants. Although these matrix equations differ in appearance, they are mathematically equivalent and yield identical solutions. To facilitate coordinate transformation, the Mehrabadi-Cowin notation was employed, in which the strain and stress states are represented as first-order tensors in a six-dimensional space, and the corresponding compliance matrix is treated as a second-order tensor in the same space. The input data for the proposed inversion formulas consist of strain measurements taken in a coordinate system aligned with the strike and dip directions of the isotropy plane. If the orientation of the isotropy plane can be inferred from the strain data, then strain measurements obtained in an arbitrary coordinate system can also be used as input. Illustrative examples are provided to demonstrate the accuracy and practical relevance of the proposed approach.

横向各向同性岩石的弹性行为由五个独立的常数决定。测量这些弹性常数的传统方法通常包括对三个相对于各向同性平面不同倾角的试样进行单轴压缩试验。然而，由于标本的异质性，这种方法可能会引入误差。在本研究中，推导了三组简单的反演公式，从静压过程中获得的应变数据中确定五个弹性常数，然后对单个倾斜试样施加轴向应力增量。这三组中的每一组都包括一个相同的剪切模量方程和一个不同的矩阵方程，用于其余四个弹性常数。虽然这些矩阵方程在外观上不同，但它们在数学上是等价的，并产生相同的解。为了便于坐标变换，采用Mehrabadi-Cowin表示法，将应变和应力状态表示为六维空间中的一阶张量，将柔度矩阵表示为同一空间中的二阶张量。所提出的反演公式的输入数据包括在与各向同性平面走向和倾斜方向对齐的坐标系中进行的应变测量。如果从应变数据可以推断出各向同性平面的方向，那么在任意坐标系下获得的应变测量值也可以作为输入。举例说明了所提出的方法的准确性和实际相关性。

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引用次数: 0

Timescales and solution regimes for heat driven thermo–poro–mechanical processes in geologic nuclear waste disposal 地质核废料处理中热驱动热孔力学过程的时间尺度和解决方案

IF 7.5 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106387

Bruce Gee , Mengsu Hu , Michael Manga

Deep geologic repositories are a proposed solution to dispose of nuclear waste at the end of its useful life. The radioactive decay of the contents inside the waste canisters releases heat into the repository near- and far-field environments that drives coupled heat transport, fluid transport, and stress development in the rock mass. The degree of coupling between processes and the corresponding temperature, pressure, and stress distributions can change significantly depending on the rock mass parameters. Not all coupled processes are simultaneously active and analysis time and effort can be reduced through a proper selection of relevant mechanisms. Here we use a combination of scaling analysis and numerical simulations to map the solutions across parameter space and establish dominant coupled processes regimes. We find that permeability has the greatest effect on the regimes. Pressure exhibits three regimes: an undrained regime at low permeability, transitioning to a drained regime, then a buoyant regime. Stress has two regimes: an undrained regime transitioning to a drained regime. Temperature has three regimes: conduction, advection, and buoyant convection. Conduction is dominant across most expected permeabilities, while the advection dominant regime only occurs at high permeability and is only expected in highly fractured rock masses. Analytical criteria to predict the transition from the drained to buoyant pressure regimes and the conductive to advective temperature regimes are derived and verified against the numerical simulations. The establishment of dominant process regimes allows for a reduction in computational time and complexity and enables more efficient analysis and design of nuclear waste repositories.

深层地质储存库是在其使用寿命结束时处理核废料的一种拟议解决方案。废罐内内容物的放射性衰变向储存库的近场和远场环境释放热量，从而驱动岩体中的耦合热传输、流体传输和应力发展。过程与相应的温度、压力和应力分布之间的耦合程度可以根据岩体参数发生显著变化。并非所有的耦合过程都是同时活动的，通过适当选择相关机制可以减少分析时间和工作量。在这里，我们使用标度分析和数值模拟相结合来映射跨参数空间的解决方案，并建立主导耦合过程制度。我们发现渗透率对状态的影响最大。压力表现出三种状态：低渗透率时的不排水状态，向排水状态过渡，然后是浮力状态。压力有两种状态：从不排水状态过渡到排水状态。温度有三种状态：传导、平流和浮力对流。在大多数预期渗透率中，传导占主导地位，而平流占主导地位只发生在高渗透率和高度断裂的岩体中。推导了预测从排水压力到浮力压力以及从导流温度到对流温度转变的分析准则，并通过数值模拟进行了验证。建立主导过程制度可以减少计算时间和复杂性，并能够更有效地分析和设计核废料储存库。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of confining stress on crack propagation and energy evolution during rock indentation: Insights from 2D-DEM simulations and implications for mechanized mining 岩石压痕过程中围应力对裂纹扩展和能量演化的影响：来自2D-DEM模拟的见解及其对机械化开采的影响

IF 7.5 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106392

Shaofeng Wang , Xinlei Shi , Yu Tang , Xin Cai , Zilong Zhou , Shanyong Wang

Non-explosive mechanized rock breaking technology is being increasingly adopted for deep rock excavation. The complexity of stress conditions in deep rock can significantly affect the efficiency of non-explosive mechanized rock breaking. However, the limited understanding of the rock breaking performance of conical picks under complex stress conditions constrains the application of this technique in deep rock engineering projects. In this study, the rock breaking characteristics associated with rock indentation under varying confining stress levels were investigated through numerical simulations using discrete element modelling software (MatDEM). The results indicate that tensile fractures predominantly occur during vertical indentation. As the confining stress increases, the length and quantity of radial cracks generated within the rock decrease. When the confining stress exceeds 9 MPa (16.6 % of the uniaxial compressive strength of rock), discrete distributions of tensile cracks form within the rock during the indentation process. Moreover, the evolution of rock energy exhibits a nonlinear double-peak trend with increasing confining stress, whereas the system heat evolution demonstrates a “decrease–increase–decrease” pattern. Additionally, the rock cuttability is evaluated by analysing the indentation force and specific energy during the initial leap process. The findings reveal that the rock is more easily fractured under low- or no-stress conditions. As the confining stress increases, the rock cuttability initially decreases but subsequently increases. This study reveals the nonlinear mechanism of confining stress on controlling crack propagation and energy evolution during rock indentation, providing a theoretical basis and technical pathway for non-explosive mechanized mining in deep hard rock.

非爆炸机械化破岩技术越来越多地应用于深部岩体开挖。深部岩体应力条件的复杂性对非爆炸破岩的效率有显著影响。然而，对复杂应力条件下锥形截齿破岩性能的认识有限，制约了该技术在深部岩石工程中的应用。在本研究中，采用离散元建模软件（MatDEM），通过数值模拟研究了不同围应力水平下与岩石压痕相关的岩石破碎特征。结果表明，拉伸断裂主要发生在垂直压痕阶段。随着围应力的增大，岩石内部产生的径向裂纹的长度和数量减小。当围应力超过9 MPa（占岩石单轴抗压强度的16.6%）时，压痕过程中岩石内部形成离散分布的拉伸裂纹。随着围应力的增大，岩石能量演化呈非线性双峰趋势，系统热演化呈“减小-增大-减小”模式。此外，通过分析初始跃迁过程中的压痕力和比能来评价岩石的可切削性。研究结果表明，岩石在低应力或无应力条件下更容易破裂。随着围应力的增大，岩石可切削性先减小后增大。研究揭示了岩石压痕过程中围应力控制裂纹扩展和能量演化的非线性机理，为深部硬岩非爆炸机械化开采提供了理论依据和技术途径。

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引用次数: 0

Fundamental insights into thermoporoelastic effects in thermal fracturing induced by cold fluid injection 低温流体注入致热压裂热孔弹性效应的基本见解

IF 7.5 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106393

Bin Chen , Qiaojie Shu , Quanlin Zhou , Yuan Wang , Hui Wu

Cold fluid injection in various subsurface applications may induce thermal fracturing, which is a coupled process of fracture propagation, heat conduction and convection, and fluid flow in the fractures and reservoir. While most existing studies employ a thermoelastic model, their accuracy may be compromised by thermoporoelastic effects. This study aims to systematically investigate the thermoporoelastic effects in thermal fracturing using numerical models of varying complexity. We first developed a fully coupled model incorporating all relevant physical processes including fracture propagation and arrest, heat and fluid transport in fractures and reservoir. A novel dimensionless framework with five key parameters is introduced to elucidate the thermo-hydro-mechanical coupling. Additionally, three partially coupled models are developed to isolate the effects of diffusion- and deformation-induced back stress, pore water contraction, and heat convection. Extensive numerical simulations indicate that (1) diffusion-induced back stress minimally impedes the fracture propagation in case of nonnegligible permeability and pressure differential, (2) deformation-induced back stress and pore water contraction primarily affect fracture growth in low-permeability rock, reducing and increasing fracture length by 3.81 %–18.61 % and 15.51 %–49.99 %, respectively, under undrained condition, (3) heat convection is the dominant thermoporoelastic effect under high permeability and pressure differential, significantly promoting fracture propagation, and (4) thermoporoelastic effects have negligible influence on thermal fracturing for permeability between 10⁻¹⁸ m² and 10⁻¹⁵ m².

在各种地下应用中，冷流体注入可诱发热压裂，热压裂是裂缝扩展、热传导和对流以及裂缝和储层中流体流动的耦合过程。虽然大多数现有研究采用热弹性模型，但其准确性可能受到热孔弹性效应的影响。本研究旨在利用不同复杂程度的数值模型系统地研究热压裂中的热孔弹性效应。首先，我们开发了一个完全耦合的模型，该模型包含了所有相关的物理过程，包括裂缝扩展和止裂、裂缝和储层中的热量和流体输送。引入了一个包含五个关键参数的新型无量纲框架来解释热-水-力耦合。此外，建立了三个部分耦合模型，以隔离扩散和变形引起的背应力、孔隙水收缩和热对流的影响。大量数值模拟表明：(1)在渗透率和压差不可忽略的情况下，扩散诱发的背应力对裂缝扩展的阻碍最小；(2)在不排水条件下，变形诱发的背应力和孔隙水收缩主要影响低渗透岩石的裂缝扩展，分别使裂缝长度减小3.81% ~ 18.61%和增大15.51% ~ 49.99%；(3)在高渗透率和压差条件下，热对流是热孔弹效应的主导作用，显著促进裂缝扩展；(4)渗透率在10 ~ 18 ~ 10 ~ 15 m2时，热孔弹效应对热压裂的影响可以忽略。

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引用次数: 0