Visible flood waves, described as abrupt wave front events (AWF), have been identified on rivers in northern England rising in the Pennines, from both historical and recent gauged data. The focus of this paper is on the characteristics of two gauged AWF events on the Rivers Wear and Tees in 1983 and their comparison to ‘normal’ floods. The description and analysis is based on contemporaneous photographs and observations and on digital level and flow records. The rapid 15-min rise in these events is compared with the maximum rate of rise in annual maximum peak floods by comparing flood hydrographs. The propagation of the flood wave downstream is illustrated. The 15-min increase in discharge is compared in relation to the peak flow for AWF and normal floods at different gauged locations down the catchments showing striking differences. The character of the AWF response in the vertical or near-vertical wave front and rapid increase in both level and discharge points to the occurrence of kinematic shock waves.
{"title":"The characteristics of ‘abrupt wave front’ floods on Pennine catchments, northern England, and their transmission downstream","authors":"Sam Watkiss, D. Archer","doi":"10.2166/nh.2023.126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2023.126","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Visible flood waves, described as abrupt wave front events (AWF), have been identified on rivers in northern England rising in the Pennines, from both historical and recent gauged data. The focus of this paper is on the characteristics of two gauged AWF events on the Rivers Wear and Tees in 1983 and their comparison to ‘normal’ floods. The description and analysis is based on contemporaneous photographs and observations and on digital level and flow records. The rapid 15-min rise in these events is compared with the maximum rate of rise in annual maximum peak floods by comparing flood hydrographs. The propagation of the flood wave downstream is illustrated. The 15-min increase in discharge is compared in relation to the peak flow for AWF and normal floods at different gauged locations down the catchments showing striking differences. The character of the AWF response in the vertical or near-vertical wave front and rapid increase in both level and discharge points to the occurrence of kinematic shock waves.","PeriodicalId":55040,"journal":{"name":"Hydrology Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42738851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Biondi, Graziella Emanuela Scarcella, P. Versace
Building multiple, complex risk scenarios is a priority for the improvement of the effectiveness of early warning systems and technical countermeasure designs to detect phenomena associated with severe weather events, such as floods and landslides. This study presents CERCA (Cascading Effects in Risk Consequences Assessment), a methodology for the characterisation of event scenarios that is consistent with the current Italian Civil Protection Guidelines on the national warning system for weather-related geo-hydrological and hydraulic risks. The aim is to propose a simple, effective, multi-scale operational tool that can be adapted to multiple purposes. CERCA is structured as a tool for a typical ‘scenario analysis’ in a multi-hazard context through the qualitative assessment of cascading effects and consequences for different categories of elements at risk, particularly in terms of human losses. The framework is assessed on a case study concerning a local event in Rossano (Calabria, Italy) and on a number of damaging events that occurred in Italy during the period 2004–2021. The proposed approach can be effective in processing post-disaster information, monitoring the real-time evolution of critical situations, creating priority lists for decision-making, and providing general dependency matrices to be used for ‘ex-ante’ definitions of scenarios.
{"title":"CERCA (Cascading Effects in Risk Consequences Assessment): an operational tool for geo-hydrological scenario risk assessment and cascading effects evaluation","authors":"D. Biondi, Graziella Emanuela Scarcella, P. Versace","doi":"10.2166/nh.2023.088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2023.088","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Building multiple, complex risk scenarios is a priority for the improvement of the effectiveness of early warning systems and technical countermeasure designs to detect phenomena associated with severe weather events, such as floods and landslides. This study presents CERCA (Cascading Effects in Risk Consequences Assessment), a methodology for the characterisation of event scenarios that is consistent with the current Italian Civil Protection Guidelines on the national warning system for weather-related geo-hydrological and hydraulic risks. The aim is to propose a simple, effective, multi-scale operational tool that can be adapted to multiple purposes. CERCA is structured as a tool for a typical ‘scenario analysis’ in a multi-hazard context through the qualitative assessment of cascading effects and consequences for different categories of elements at risk, particularly in terms of human losses. The framework is assessed on a case study concerning a local event in Rossano (Calabria, Italy) and on a number of damaging events that occurred in Italy during the period 2004–2021. The proposed approach can be effective in processing post-disaster information, monitoring the real-time evolution of critical situations, creating priority lists for decision-making, and providing general dependency matrices to be used for ‘ex-ante’ definitions of scenarios.","PeriodicalId":55040,"journal":{"name":"Hydrology Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45576435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. J. Hegdahl, K. Engeland, I. Steinsland, A. Singleton
In this study, pre- and postprocessing of hydrological ensemble forecasts are evaluated with a special focus on floods for 119 Norwegian catchments. Two years of ECMWF ensemble forecasts of temperature and precipitation with a lead time of up to 9 days were used to force the operational hydrological HBV model to establish streamflow forecasts. A Bayesian model averaging processing approach was applied to preprocess temperature and precipitation forecasts and to postprocessing streamflow forecasts. Ensemble streamflow forecasts were generated for eight schemes based on combinations of raw, preprocessed, and postprocessed forecasts. Two datasets were used to evaluate the forecasts: (i) all streamflow forecasts and (ii) forecasts for flood events with streamflow above mean annual flood. Evaluations based on all streamflow data showed that postprocessing improved the forecasts only up to a lead time of 2–3 days, whereas preprocessing temperature and precipitation improved the forecasts for 50–90% of the catchments beyond 3 days lead time. We found large differences in the ability to issue warnings between spring and autumn floods. Spring floods had predictability for up to 9 days for many events and catchments, whereas the ability to predict autumn floods beyond 3 days was marginal.
{"title":"Pre- and postprocessing flood forecasts using Bayesian model averaging","authors":"T. J. Hegdahl, K. Engeland, I. Steinsland, A. Singleton","doi":"10.2166/nh.2023.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2023.024","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this study, pre- and postprocessing of hydrological ensemble forecasts are evaluated with a special focus on floods for 119 Norwegian catchments. Two years of ECMWF ensemble forecasts of temperature and precipitation with a lead time of up to 9 days were used to force the operational hydrological HBV model to establish streamflow forecasts. A Bayesian model averaging processing approach was applied to preprocess temperature and precipitation forecasts and to postprocessing streamflow forecasts. Ensemble streamflow forecasts were generated for eight schemes based on combinations of raw, preprocessed, and postprocessed forecasts. Two datasets were used to evaluate the forecasts: (i) all streamflow forecasts and (ii) forecasts for flood events with streamflow above mean annual flood. Evaluations based on all streamflow data showed that postprocessing improved the forecasts only up to a lead time of 2–3 days, whereas preprocessing temperature and precipitation improved the forecasts for 50–90% of the catchments beyond 3 days lead time. We found large differences in the ability to issue warnings between spring and autumn floods. Spring floods had predictability for up to 9 days for many events and catchments, whereas the ability to predict autumn floods beyond 3 days was marginal.","PeriodicalId":55040,"journal":{"name":"Hydrology Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41376487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrigendum: Hydrology Research (2022) 53 (12): 1510–1528: Improvement of springtime streamflow prediction using a snow hydrology model aided with USDA SNOTEL and in-situ snowpit observations, DoHyuk Kang, Kyungtae Lee, Edward Kim","authors":"","doi":"10.2166/nh.2023.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2023.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55040,"journal":{"name":"Hydrology Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48121810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xun Jiang, J. Meng, Bingjie Fan, Chongxu Zhao, Yanshuang Zheng, Qianlu Xiao, Chunjin Zhang, Dongfang Ma
Due to the huge potential energy associated with water storage in reservoirs, dam-break floods are often catastrophically destructive for people and structures downstream. This study aims to simulate and compare floods generated under various dam-break scenarios and their downstream impacts, taking Pingshuijiang Reservoir in southeastern China as an example. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model is used to simulate the downstream evolution of floods under three dam-break scenarios, and the breach flood and downstream inundation process are analyzed. Gradual failure of the main dam leads to near-total inundation of the nearby town over c. 1 h, allowing time for warning and evacuation. Instantaneous failure of the main dam results in larger peak flow, greater submergence depth and faster inundation (20 min), leaving little time for warning/evacuation. Instantaneous failure of the auxiliary dam generates a much lower peak flow magnitude and, although the town is still largely submerged within 45 min, the shallow water depth and low velocity are conducive to rescue/evacuation. The results show significant variation in flood process and submergence due to dam size and failure mode that provide guidance for dam-break flood risk assessment and disaster avoidance planning.
{"title":"Comparative analysis and risk assessment of dam-break floods: taking Pingshuijiang Reservoir as an example","authors":"Xun Jiang, J. Meng, Bingjie Fan, Chongxu Zhao, Yanshuang Zheng, Qianlu Xiao, Chunjin Zhang, Dongfang Ma","doi":"10.2166/nh.2023.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2023.129","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Due to the huge potential energy associated with water storage in reservoirs, dam-break floods are often catastrophically destructive for people and structures downstream. This study aims to simulate and compare floods generated under various dam-break scenarios and their downstream impacts, taking Pingshuijiang Reservoir in southeastern China as an example. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model is used to simulate the downstream evolution of floods under three dam-break scenarios, and the breach flood and downstream inundation process are analyzed. Gradual failure of the main dam leads to near-total inundation of the nearby town over c. 1 h, allowing time for warning and evacuation. Instantaneous failure of the main dam results in larger peak flow, greater submergence depth and faster inundation (20 min), leaving little time for warning/evacuation. Instantaneous failure of the auxiliary dam generates a much lower peak flow magnitude and, although the town is still largely submerged within 45 min, the shallow water depth and low velocity are conducive to rescue/evacuation. The results show significant variation in flood process and submergence due to dam size and failure mode that provide guidance for dam-break flood risk assessment and disaster avoidance planning.","PeriodicalId":55040,"journal":{"name":"Hydrology Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44558275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Urbanization significantly impacts hydrological processes and the water environment in the urban area. Research works on soil moisture are necessary to explore the hydrological characteristics under the background of urbanization. A regional grassland with Bermudagrass in Yangzhou City, China, was adopted as the study area. An analysis of its response characteristics to rainfall infiltration was carried out for different rainfall events. The Penman–Monteith equation was used to estimate the hourly evapotranspiration (ET) of the soil layers at depths of 0–30 cm and 0–10 cm. The results indicate that the response time of the soil water content in the root layer (0–10 cm) decreases with the decrease of the soil water content in the topsoil. The rate of the increase of the soil water content increases as the rainfall intensity increases in the state of unsaturation. The soil water in the root layer provided more than 70% of the total ET. The Nash efficiency coefficient of the simulation results of the soil water content at different depths obtained using the Hydrus-1D model was more than 0.75. The rationality of the results for the different rainfall events and the infiltration depth were verified via numerical simulations using the Hydrus-1D model.
{"title":"Response characteristics of soil moisture to rainfall for a single grass type in an urban area","authors":"Jinbai Huang, Jiawei Wen, Diwen Luo, Chaofan Zhu","doi":"10.2166/nh.2023.095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2023.095","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Urbanization significantly impacts hydrological processes and the water environment in the urban area. Research works on soil moisture are necessary to explore the hydrological characteristics under the background of urbanization. A regional grassland with Bermudagrass in Yangzhou City, China, was adopted as the study area. An analysis of its response characteristics to rainfall infiltration was carried out for different rainfall events. The Penman–Monteith equation was used to estimate the hourly evapotranspiration (ET) of the soil layers at depths of 0–30 cm and 0–10 cm. The results indicate that the response time of the soil water content in the root layer (0–10 cm) decreases with the decrease of the soil water content in the topsoil. The rate of the increase of the soil water content increases as the rainfall intensity increases in the state of unsaturation. The soil water in the root layer provided more than 70% of the total ET. The Nash efficiency coefficient of the simulation results of the soil water content at different depths obtained using the Hydrus-1D model was more than 0.75. The rationality of the results for the different rainfall events and the infiltration depth were verified via numerical simulations using the Hydrus-1D model.","PeriodicalId":55040,"journal":{"name":"Hydrology Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46296877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The probable maximum flood (PMF) is the flood caused by the probable maximum precipitation (PMP). A unit hydrograph (UH) is generally used to derive the PMF for the given PMP, but a method is needed to modify the UH parameters to reflect the PMP condition. This study presents a new method using the estimated channel velocity to modify the Clark UH parameters under the ordinary condition into those under the PMP condition. This study considers major dam basins in Korea and evaluates the application results in comparison to several previous studies. As application results of the proposed method, the Clark UH parameters under the PMP condition are found to be within the range 39–53% of those under the ordinary condition, with their mean ofabout 44%. The UH derived by applying this mean ratio shows that its peak time and the peak flow are just 44 and 227% of the UH under the ordinary condition, respectively. This change from the ordinary condition to the PMP condition is more extreme in Korea than that in Australia and the United Kingdom. This extreme change seems to be due to the climate in Korea, located in the Asian Monsoon region.
{"title":"Determination of Clark unit hydrograph parameters for estimating probable maximum flood","authors":"Jinwook Lee, C. Yoo","doi":"10.2166/nh.2023.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2023.120","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The probable maximum flood (PMF) is the flood caused by the probable maximum precipitation (PMP). A unit hydrograph (UH) is generally used to derive the PMF for the given PMP, but a method is needed to modify the UH parameters to reflect the PMP condition. This study presents a new method using the estimated channel velocity to modify the Clark UH parameters under the ordinary condition into those under the PMP condition. This study considers major dam basins in Korea and evaluates the application results in comparison to several previous studies. As application results of the proposed method, the Clark UH parameters under the PMP condition are found to be within the range 39–53% of those under the ordinary condition, with their mean ofabout 44%. The UH derived by applying this mean ratio shows that its peak time and the peak flow are just 44 and 227% of the UH under the ordinary condition, respectively. This change from the ordinary condition to the PMP condition is more extreme in Korea than that in Australia and the United Kingdom. This extreme change seems to be due to the climate in Korea, located in the Asian Monsoon region.","PeriodicalId":55040,"journal":{"name":"Hydrology Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44191766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the spring of 2020, the town of Fort McMurray, which lies on the banks of the Athabasca River, experienced an ice-jam flood event that was the most severe in approximately 60 years. In order to capture the severity of the event, a stochastic modelling approach, previously developed by the author for ice-jam flood forecasting, has been refined for ice-jam flood hazard and risk assessments and ice-jam mitigation feasibility studies, which is the subject of this paper. Scenarios of artificial breakage demonstrate the applicability of the revised modelling framework.
{"title":"Extension and refinement of a stochastic modelling approach to assess ice-jam flood hazard","authors":"K. Lindenschmidt","doi":"10.2166/nh.2023.042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2023.042","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the spring of 2020, the town of Fort McMurray, which lies on the banks of the Athabasca River, experienced an ice-jam flood event that was the most severe in approximately 60 years. In order to capture the severity of the event, a stochastic modelling approach, previously developed by the author for ice-jam flood forecasting, has been refined for ice-jam flood hazard and risk assessments and ice-jam mitigation feasibility studies, which is the subject of this paper. Scenarios of artificial breakage demonstrate the applicability of the revised modelling framework.","PeriodicalId":55040,"journal":{"name":"Hydrology Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42182247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sensitivity analysis of hydrological model parameters is a crucial step in the calibration process of hydrological simulation. In this paper, the improved Morris method with the double-Latin hypercube sampling is proposed for global sensitivity analysis of 10 parameters of the Xin'anjiang model. In addition, the local sensitivity is analyzed based on the rate validation of the model parameters. In general, the results show those parameters about evaporation coefficient in the deep layer (C), free water storage capacity (SM), impervious area as a percentage of total watershed area (IMP), free water storage capacity curve index (EX), groundwater outflow coefficient (KG) and subsurface runoff abatement factor (KKG) are all less than 0.01, insensitive parameters; the parameters about evaporation conversion factor (K) and square times of the storage capacity curve(B) are in the range of [0.01, 0.1], less sensitive parameters; the parameter about flow out coefficient in soil (KSS) is in the range of [0.1, 0.2], a low-sensitivity parameter; the parameter abatement coefficient of mid-soil flow (KKSS) is greater than 1, a high-sensitivity parameter; the improved Morris method better reflects the existence of interactions between parameters. This research result provides a new technical approach for the sensitivity analysis of hydrological model parameters.
{"title":"Sensitivity analysis of hydrological model parameters based on improved Morris method with the double-Latin hypercube sampling","authors":"Delong Li, Q. Ju, Peng Jiang, Ping Huang, Xiaohua Xu, Qin Wang, Z. Hao, Yueguan Zhang","doi":"10.2166/nh.2023.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2023.109","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Sensitivity analysis of hydrological model parameters is a crucial step in the calibration process of hydrological simulation. In this paper, the improved Morris method with the double-Latin hypercube sampling is proposed for global sensitivity analysis of 10 parameters of the Xin'anjiang model. In addition, the local sensitivity is analyzed based on the rate validation of the model parameters. In general, the results show those parameters about evaporation coefficient in the deep layer (C), free water storage capacity (SM), impervious area as a percentage of total watershed area (IMP), free water storage capacity curve index (EX), groundwater outflow coefficient (KG) and subsurface runoff abatement factor (KKG) are all less than 0.01, insensitive parameters; the parameters about evaporation conversion factor (K) and square times of the storage capacity curve(B) are in the range of [0.01, 0.1], less sensitive parameters; the parameter about flow out coefficient in soil (KSS) is in the range of [0.1, 0.2], a low-sensitivity parameter; the parameter abatement coefficient of mid-soil flow (KKSS) is greater than 1, a high-sensitivity parameter; the improved Morris method better reflects the existence of interactions between parameters. This research result provides a new technical approach for the sensitivity analysis of hydrological model parameters.","PeriodicalId":55040,"journal":{"name":"Hydrology Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42855135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Low-flow hydrological features are crucial for efficient development and integrated water resources management. Among others, the BaseFlow Index ‘BFI’ is one of the most important low-flow indices. Many studies have demonstrated that it is related to several topographic parameters, climate, vegetation and soil types and to catchment geology. With the aim to enhance the knowledge about the climate and catchment properties’ relative control on the ‘BFI’, an approach consisting of an empirical analysis, applied to a large area located in Southern Italy, characterized by a typical Mediterranean environment, is followed by a simulation experiment, considering climate settings, at the pan-European scale, typical of temperate to dry climate regimes. Main findings have revealed that (i) the correlation structure between the ‘BFI’ and the precipitation volume, at the annual scale, is affected by both climate variability and catchment properties; (ii) the ‘BFI’ variability is strongly conditioned by climate intra- and inter-annual variability; (iii) the major role is, however, assigned to the geological catchment features, with poorly and well-drained catchments behaving differently in response to similar climate forcing variability.
{"title":"Baseflow index characterization in typical temperate to dry climates: conceptual analysis and simulation experiment to assess the relative role of climate forcing features and catchment geological settings","authors":"A. Longobardi, P. Villani","doi":"10.2166/nh.2023.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2023.026","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Low-flow hydrological features are crucial for efficient development and integrated water resources management. Among others, the BaseFlow Index ‘BFI’ is one of the most important low-flow indices. Many studies have demonstrated that it is related to several topographic parameters, climate, vegetation and soil types and to catchment geology. With the aim to enhance the knowledge about the climate and catchment properties’ relative control on the ‘BFI’, an approach consisting of an empirical analysis, applied to a large area located in Southern Italy, characterized by a typical Mediterranean environment, is followed by a simulation experiment, considering climate settings, at the pan-European scale, typical of temperate to dry climate regimes. Main findings have revealed that (i) the correlation structure between the ‘BFI’ and the precipitation volume, at the annual scale, is affected by both climate variability and catchment properties; (ii) the ‘BFI’ variability is strongly conditioned by climate intra- and inter-annual variability; (iii) the major role is, however, assigned to the geological catchment features, with poorly and well-drained catchments behaving differently in response to similar climate forcing variability.","PeriodicalId":55040,"journal":{"name":"Hydrology Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49120425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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