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Climatic regulation of mercury deposition in Cuona Lake from the central Tibetan Plateau during the last 13,000 years: New insights from mercury isotope records 近13000年来青藏高原中部措那湖汞沉积的气候调控:来自汞同位素记录的新见解
IF 4 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2026.105322
Ruifang Ma , Wei Shu , Wei Chen , Hongming Cai , Jie Huang , Christophe Colin , Sophie Sépulcre , Xinquan Zhou , Jiubin Chen , Shichang Kang
The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is essential for evaluating global ecological impact through tracing the mercury (Hg) source and transformation in its lake sediments. Cuona Lake, situated at the transition zone of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) and the westerlies, provides an ideal natural archive for understanding long-term interactions between Hg deposition and climate change. Our results show that temporal variations of Hg accumulation in a sediment core CN12/01 are influenced by distinct atmospheric patterns since 13 cal ka BP. During ∼13–8 cal ka BP, elevated ∆200Hg and higher smectite/illite ratios indicate that intensified summer monsoon rainfall enhanced atmospheric Hg contributions (41 ± 7%). Increased Zr/Rb ratios coupled with decreased total Hg concentrations (THg) suggest that fine particulates carrying soil-eroded mercury preferentially export downstream. In contrast, during 6–3 cal ka BP, the climatic pattern of the studied area is mainly controlled by the westerlies, showing relatively weakened precipitation associated with depleted ∆200Hg and lower smectite/illite ratios. However, enhanced accumulation of fine particulates (low Zr/Rb ratios) and THg concentrations during this period indicates increased terrestrial mercury retention in the lake sediments. This study proposes that Cuona Lake shifts from functioning as a Hg “transporter” to a “sink” at approximately 6 cal ka BP, coinciding with the climatic transition of ISM-westerlies patterns. This shift represents an important process in regulating the mercury cycle of the terrestrial ecosystems in the TP.
通过追踪青藏高原湖泊沉积物中汞的来源和转化,对评价全球生态影响具有重要意义。措那湖位于印度夏季风和西风带的过渡地带,为了解汞沉积与气候变化之间的长期相互作用提供了一个理想的自然档案。结果表明,13cal ka BP以来,CN12/01沉积物中汞积累的时间变化受到不同大气模式的影响。在~ 13-8 cal ka BP期间,升高的∆200Hg和更高的蒙脱石/伊利石比值表明,夏季季风降雨增强了大气Hg贡献(41±7%)。随着Zr/Rb比值的增加,总汞浓度(THg)的降低,细颗粒携带土壤侵蚀汞优先向下游出口。6 ~ 3 cal ka BP期间,研究区气候格局主要受西风带控制,降水相对减弱,∆200Hg枯竭,蒙脱石/伊利石比值降低。然而,在此期间,细颗粒物(低Zr/Rb比)和THg浓度的积累增强,表明湖泊沉积物中陆源汞潴留增加。本研究认为,在大约6 cal ka BP,错纳湖从Hg的“转运者”向“汇”转变,与ism -西风带模式的气候转变相一致。这一转变是青藏高原陆地生态系统汞循环调节的重要过程。
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引用次数: 0
Century-long socioeconomic-air pollution transitions revealed by lake sediments in Northeast China 东北湖泊沉积物揭示的百年社会经济-大气污染变迁
IF 4 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2026.105323
Yalan Tang , Yongming Han , Yichen Wang , Dongna Yan , Shaolong Sun , Qiyuan Wang , Dewen Lei , Hao Peng , Peng Yao , Zeyu Liu , Ulrike Dusek
Understanding the long-term interplay between air pollution and socioeconomic development is essential for evaluating sustainability transitions, yet its long-term dynamics remain poorly understood. Most existing studies rely on static indicators and lack continuous environmental records, limiting the detection of nonlinear transitions and threshold effects. By integrating records of combustion-derived pollutants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, spheroidal carbonaceous particles, and soot with its fossil fraction) collected from a 121-year sediment core in Sihailongwan Maar Lake with historical socioeconomic datasets, this study constructs the coupling index based on the rate of change to characterize the temporal evolution of atmospheric–socioeconomic linkages, and quantifies the relative contributions of key driving factors to historical pollution trends using Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index decomposition. Our results reveal a transition towards weak decoupling in the early 21st century, with an Environmental Kuznets Curve turning point for combustion-derived pollution emerging at a per capita GDP of approximately 11,500–13,320 Yuan (in constant 2015 prices). Decomposition analysis shows that from 1900 to 2021, economic out increased air pollution levels by a factor of 245 and population growth by a factor of 30, whereas controls in energy intensity and emission intensity reduced them by factors of 131 and 117, respectively. This work underscores the potential of geological archives to trace human–environment coevolution, offering insights for addressing sustainability dilemmas in industrial regions.
了解空气污染与社会经济发展之间的长期相互作用对于评估可持续性转型至关重要,但其长期动态仍然知之甚少。现有的研究大多依赖于静态指标,缺乏连续的环境记录,限制了对非线性过渡和阈值效应的检测。通过将四海龙湾麻尔湖121年沉积物岩心中燃烧衍生污染物(多环芳烃、球状碳质颗粒和烟尘及其化石组分)的记录与历史社会经济数据相结合,构建了基于变化率的耦合指数,以表征大气-社会经济联系的时间演变。并使用对数平均除数指数分解量化关键驱动因素对历史污染趋势的相对贡献。我们的研究结果显示,在21世纪初,中国向弱脱钩过渡,燃烧衍生污染的环境库兹涅茨曲线拐点出现在人均GDP约为11,500-13,320元(按2015年不变价格计算)时。分解分析表明,从1900年到2021年,经济增长使空气污染水平增加了245倍,人口增长增加了30倍,而能源强度和排放强度的控制分别使它们减少了131倍和117倍。这项工作强调了地质档案在追踪人类与环境共同进化方面的潜力,为解决工业地区的可持续性困境提供了见解。
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引用次数: 0
Millennial-scale fire and climate dynamics in the world's largest tropical wetland show emerging fire threat to flooded ecosystems 世界上最大的热带湿地千年尺度的火灾和气候动态表明,火灾对洪水生态系统的威胁正在显现
IF 3.9 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2026-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2026.105318
Bronwen S. Whitney, Danilo M. Neves, Nicholas J.D. Loughlin, Carlos D'Apolito, Coblinski Tavares Carla, Emma P. Hocking, Francis E. Mayle, Mitchell J. Power, , Mario L. Assine
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引用次数: 0
Spatially focused exhumation supports short-wavelength deformation in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau 空间聚焦挖掘支持青藏高原东南部短波形变
IF 4 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2026-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2026.105319
Guihong Zhang , Yuntao Tian , Philippe Hervé Leloup , Zengjie Zhang , Peizhen Zhang
The wider occurrence of high topography on the eastern side of the Tibetan Plateau compared to the western side has sparked debate about the geodynamic mechanisms responsible for eastward plateau growth. Existing end-member models highlight either coherent block extrusion dominated by localized deformation along major faults, or plateau-scale distributed deformation driven by lower crustal flow. These two models have contrasting predictions in terms of spatial pattern of deformation and rock exhumation. Here, we reconstruct the Cenozoic exhumation pattern along a ∼ 150-km-long transect perpendicular to the NE-striking Ailaoshan-Red River shear zone, one of the largest Cenozoic strike-slip faults in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Exhumation rate modeling using new and published thermochronological ages shows a high spatial variation. Results reveal a sharp decrease from rapid Oligocene (∼1.9–4.1 km/m.y.) and Miocene (∼0.1–0.15 km/m.y.) exhumation within the ∼15 km-wide central Ailao Shan shear zone to minimum exhumation (∼0.03 km/m.y.) in the surrounding regions. Such a spatially short-wavelength exhumation pattern conflicts with models predicting long-wavelength deformation of crust, but supports the important role of highly localized deformation along major faults dominating the eastward plateau growth.
青藏高原东侧高地形的分布范围比西侧大,这引发了关于青藏高原东侧生长的地球动力学机制的争论。现有的端元模型要么强调以大断层局部变形为主的相干块体挤压,要么强调由下地壳流动驱动的高原尺度分布变形。这两种模型在变形的空间格局和岩石挖掘方面有不同的预测结果。在这里,我们沿着垂直于青藏高原东南部最大的新生代走滑断层之一哀崂山—红河剪切带的~ 150 km长的样带重建了新生代的挖掘模式。使用新的和已发表的热年代学的掘出率模型显示出很高的空间差异。结果表明,在哀老山中部宽约15 km的剪切带内,从渐新世(~ 1.9 ~ 4.1 km/m.y)和中新世(~ 0.1 ~ 0.15 km/m.y)的快速掘出急剧减少到周边地区的最小掘出(~ 0.03 km/m.y)。这种空间短波长的掘出模式与预测地壳长波变形的模式相冲突,但支持沿主要断层的高度局部化变形主导高原东部生长的重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Geochemical and isotopic insights into uranium mineralization in the Dongsheng Area (Ordos Basin, NW China): Implications for global uranium systems 鄂尔多斯盆地东胜地区铀矿化的地球化学和同位素特征:对全球铀系统的启示
IF 4 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2026.105313
Shamim Akhtar , Tehseen Zafar , Xiaoyong Yang , Fabrizio Frontalini
The Dongsheng region of the Ordos Basin (China) contains important sandstone-hosted uranium deposits that reveal an evolving interaction of geochemical evolution and tectono-sedimentary dynamics. The present work combines whole-rock and carbon‑sulfur isotopic compositions to understand the origin and formation of uranium metallogeny within the Middle Jurassic intracontinental Zhiluo Formation of the Ordos Basin. The δ13C values (−26.7‰ to −2.2‰) of calcite-cement indicate that the carbon mainly originated through biochemical remineralization. Negative and variable δ13C values indicate a strong biogenic carbon contribution, while positive excursions reflect mantle or inorganic inputs. Additionally, the δ34S composition (−25.2‰ to 10.2‰) indicates the mutual inputs from bacterial sulfate reduction and Rayleigh fractionation. The broad δ34S range of pyrite similarly points to multiple sources, with a strong bacterial sulfate reduction signal. Trace element patterns show Light Rare Earth Element (LREE) enrichment, Heavy Rare Earth Elements (HREE) depletion, and distinctive “W-shaped” anomalies (e.g., Nd, Nb, Zr), consistent with reductive immobilization under diagenetic conditions. Tectonic reconstruction and sedimentary provenance support a deposition along an active continental margin with felsic to intermediate source rocks. The Zhiluo Formation was deposited in arid to semi-arid settings, as evidenced by low Rb/Sr and high Sr/Cu and Sr/Ba ratios, reflecting high paleosalinity and strong evaporation. A revised genetic model is here proposed in which oxidized uranium-bearing groundwater interacts with both locally derived organic matter and hydrocarbon-charged reducing fluids (e.g., CH4, CO, H2S, CO2) along structurally controlled fluid pathways, resulting in redox-driven uranium precipitation. This integrated isotopic–geochemical framework not only refines the mineralization model for the Dongsheng deposit but also provides a predictive approach for uranium exploration in analogous basinal settings worldwide. Our outcomes stress the wider role of microbial-hydrocarbon cycling in modulating uranium deposits across continental settings.
鄂尔多斯盆地东胜地区具有重要的砂岩型铀矿床,显示了地球化学演化与构造-沉积动力学相互作用的演化过程。本文结合全岩和碳硫同位素组成研究了鄂尔多斯盆地中侏罗统陆内直罗组铀成矿作用的成因和成因。方解石胶结物δ13C值(−26.7‰~−2.2‰)表明碳主要来源于生化再矿化作用。负δ13C值和可变δ13C值表明生物碳贡献较大,而正δ13C值则反映地幔或无机碳输入。δ34S组成(- 25.2‰~ 10.2‰)反映了细菌硫酸盐还原作用和瑞利分馏作用的相互输入。黄铁矿较宽的δ34S范围同样指向多源,具有较强的细菌硫酸盐还原信号。微量元素模式显示轻稀土元素(LREE)富集,重稀土元素(HREE)耗损,并有明显的“w”形异常(如Nd、Nb、Zr),与成岩条件下的还原性固定相一致。构造重建和沉积物源支持沿活动大陆边缘沉积,烃源岩为长英质至中间烃源岩。直罗组沉积于干旱—半干旱环境,Rb/Sr低,Sr/Cu高,Sr/Ba高,古盐度高,蒸发作用强。本文提出了一个修正的成因模型,其中氧化的含铀地下水与本地衍生的有机物和含碳氢的还原性流体(如CH4、CO、H2S、CO2)沿着结构控制的流体路径相互作用,导致氧化还原驱动的铀沉淀。这一综合同位素地球化学格架不仅完善了东胜矿床的成矿模式,而且为全球类似盆地的铀矿找矿提供了预测途径。我们的研究结果强调了微生物-碳氢化合物循环在调节整个大陆环境中的铀矿床中的更广泛作用。
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引用次数: 0
Contrasting meridional displacement of the western and eastern North Pacific Subtropical Gyre occurred during ∼4.5–3.5 Ma: A response to strengthened SST gradient 4.5 ~ 3.5 Ma期间,北太平洋副热带环流西部和东部的经向位移对比:对海温梯度增强的响应
IF 4 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2026.105316
Ting Chen , Yixuan Wang , Ran Wei , Yi Zhong , Qingsong Liu
The causes of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation (NHG) during the Pliocene remain controversial. The western North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (wNPSG), the dominant conduit for poleward heat and moisture transport, may have modulated NHG development, yet its Pliocene evolution remain unconstrained. In this study, we analyzed diatom assemblage changes along the northern boundary of the wNPSG to investigate its meridional displacement. We compared these changes with those of the eastern NPSG (eNPSG) reconstructed using compiled published sea surface temperature data, and examined their linkages to the NHG. The diatom assemblages indicate a northward expansion of the wNPSG from ∼5.8 Ma to ∼4.5 Ma. This wNPSG expansion coincided with an expansion of the eNPSG, both likely related to global warming. Subsequently, a continued northward expansion of the wNPSG occurred between ∼4.5 Ma and ∼ 3.7 Ma, corresponding to an expansion of the Western Pacific Warm Pool but an eNPSG contraction. These contrasting changes probably linked to stronger easterly trade winds driven by an increased SST gradient between low- to mid-latitudes. We propose that the northward expansion of wNPSG during this period likely suppressed NHG formation until ∼3.7–3.5 Ma by transporting more heat to high latitudes via oceanic and atmospheric circulations. From ∼3.7 Ma to ∼2.5 Ma, diatom assemblages indicate that wNPSG retreated southward, coinciding with the onset of NHG. This study highlights the different behavior of the wNPSG versus the eNPSG during the early Pliocene and its potential role in suppressing the onset of NHG until ∼3.7 Ma.
上新世北半球冰川(NHG)的成因一直存在争议。北太平洋副热带环流(wNPSG)是向极地输送热量和水分的主要通道,可能调节了NHG的发展,但其上新世的演变仍然不受限制。本研究分析了西太平洋西北板块北边界硅藻组合的变化,以研究其经向位移。我们将这些变化与NPSG东部(eNPSG)的变化进行了比较,并研究了它们与NHG的联系。硅藻组合表明wNPSG从~ 5.8 Ma向北扩展到~ 4.5 Ma。wNPSG的扩张与eNPSG的扩张相吻合,两者都可能与全球变暖有关。随后,在~ 4.5 Ma和~ 3.7 Ma之间,西太平洋暖池持续向北扩张,对应于西太平洋暖池的扩张,但eNPSG收缩。这些截然不同的变化可能与低纬度至中纬度海温梯度增加所驱动的更强的偏东信风有关。我们认为,在此期间,wNPSG向北扩张可能通过海洋和大气环流将更多的热量输送到高纬度地区,从而抑制了NHG的形成,直到~ 3.7-3.5 Ma。从~ 3.7 Ma到~ 2.5 Ma,硅藻组合表明wNPSG向南撤退,与NHG的开始一致。这项研究强调了wNPSG与eNPSG在上新世早期的不同行为,以及其在抑制NHG发生直到~ 3.7 Ma的潜在作用。
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引用次数: 0
Early Pliocene (Zanclean) sea surface temperature for PlioMIP3 PlioMIP3早上新世海表温度
IF 4 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2026.105293
Harry J. Dowsett, Kevin M. Foley
Paleoclimate researchers have been comparing Pliocene environmental data to paleoclimate model results since the 1980s. The Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP) began in 2008 with a focus on the Late Pliocene. Here we assess the availability and utility of sea surface temperature (SST) data for verification of Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP3) Early Pliocene (Zanclean) experiments. We analyze published data in terms of quantity and spatial distribution. Only SST estimates derived using alkenone paleo thermometry are reported, and all estimates are based upon the same temperature calibration. Sea surface temperature data are selected from within three distinct time intervals: The early Zanclean 5.3 Ma – 4.2 Ma time slab, and two time slices within the early Zanclean, chosen by PlioMIP3 at 4.870 Ma and 4.474 Ma. Results show the early Zanclean time slab contains 2055 individual estimates. Approximately ∼ 80% of these estimates come from Sites 609, 642, 846, 847, 882, 907, and 1146. There are 17 sites with a total of 42 estimates within the 4.474 Ma ±10 kyr time slice, and 15 sites with a total of 47 data points within the 4.870 Ma ±10 kyr interval. The sparse spatial and temporal distribution of Zanclean data, relative to the data available for the mid Piacenzian, makes point-by-point data model comparison suspect. We suggest interpreting model output against lower resolution long term trends in proxy data, and comparison of models through temperature gradients, may be the most useful application of currently available data. Integrating Zanclean age coastal plain sequences within data model comparison schemes, for increased understanding of regional climate impacts, also holds great potential.
自20世纪80年代以来,古气候研究人员一直在将上新世环境数据与古气候模式结果进行比较。上新世模式比对项目(PlioMIP)始于2008年,重点研究上新世晚期。本文评估了上新世模式比对项目(PlioMIP3)早期上新世(赞克林)实验中海表温度(SST)数据的有效性和实用性。我们从数量和空间分布两方面分析了已发表的数据。仅报告了使用烯酮古测温法得出的海温估计,所有估计都基于相同的温度校准。海面温度数据选取了三个不同的时间间隔:早赞克利世5.3 Ma - 4.2 Ma时间板,以及早赞克利世4.870 Ma和4.474 Ma的两个时间片。结果表明,赞清世早期时间板包含2055个个体估计。大约80%的估计值来自609、642、846、847、882、907和1146站点。在4.474 Ma±10 kyr时间片内,有17个站点共42个估计值,在4.870 Ma±10 kyr时间片内,有15个站点共47个数据点。相对于可获得的中皮亚琴期的数据,赞坎期数据的稀疏时空分布使得逐点数据模型的比较存疑。我们认为,根据代理数据中较低分辨率的长期趋势来解释模式输出,并通过温度梯度来比较模式,可能是当前可用数据的最有用的应用。在数据模型比较方案中整合赞清时代沿海平原序列,对于增加对区域气候影响的理解也具有很大的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Antarctic warming affects northern Equatorial Indian Ocean SST via oceanic tunnels 南极变暖通过海洋隧道影响赤道印度洋北部海温
IF 4 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2026.105321
Sharmila Sherin , Manish Tiwari , Vikash Kumar
The Indian monsoon is highly sensitive to tropical Indian Ocean SST, which exhibits significant variability on various timescales. Here we reconstruct the surface and thermocline temperatures of the northern equatorial Indian Ocean for the past 37 kyr, using Mg/Ca ratios of the surface- and thermocline-dwelling foraminifera. Our findings indicate a consistent warming trend at the surface and thermocline during the cold Heinrich Stadials, coinciding with Antarctic Isotope Maxima (AIM) events and superimposed on the zonal negative dipole structure in the equatorial Indian Ocean. We further support this using a transient climate simulation (TraCE-21ka), which shows that warming of the Southern Ocean during North Atlantic stadials influenced the north equatorial Indian Ocean surface hydroclimate through northward tunnelling of Southern Ocean water masses. With the projected rise in Antarctic and Southern Ocean temperatures, the oceanic tunnels linking southern high-latitude and tropical Indian Ocean climates may have a significant impact on monsoon hydrology.
印度季风对热带印度洋海温高度敏感,在不同的时间尺度上表现出显著的变化。本文利用表层和温跃层有孔虫的Mg/Ca比值,重建了过去37 kyr赤道印度洋北部的表层和温跃层温度。我们的研究结果表明,在寒冷的海因里希冰期,地表和温跃层有一致的变暖趋势,与南极同位素极大期(AIM)事件相吻合,并叠加在赤道印度洋的纬向负偶极子结构上。我们利用瞬态气候模拟(TraCE-21ka)进一步支持了这一观点,该模拟表明,北大西洋运动期间南大洋的变暖通过南大洋水团向北隧穿影响了北赤道印度洋表面水文气候。随着南极和南大洋温度的预计上升,连接南部高纬度和热带印度洋气候的海洋隧道可能对季风水文产生重大影响。
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引用次数: 0
Holocene relative sea-level changes from the Atlantic coasts of South America 南美洲大西洋海岸的全新世相对海平面变化
IF 4 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2026.105315
K. Rubio-Sandoval , T.A. Shaw , M. Vacchi , N. Khan , B.P. Horton , J.R. Angulo , M. Pappalardo , A.L. Ferreira-Júnior , S. Richiano , M.C. de Souza , P.C. Giannini , D.D. Ryan , E.J. Gowan , A. Rovere
Holocene relative sea-level (RSL) changes along the Atlantic coast of South America reflect a complex interplay between ice equivalent sea-level, glacio-isostatic adjustment (GIA), regional tectonics, and local sedimentary processes. However, the uneven spatial and temporal resolution of existing Holocene RSL data has hindered regional assessments. Here, we compile and standardize 1108 RSL data points from Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, and Chilean Tierra del Fuego, creating the first comprehensive database for the southwestern Atlantic. The data reveals a widespread Mid-Holocene highstand between 7000 and 4000 years BP, with RSL rising 2 to 4 m above present-day sea level, followed by a gradual fall to present. This pattern is consistent with GIA model predictions across the region's > 50° latitudinal span. Peak rates of RSL change occurred during the Early to Mid-Holocene transition, reaching up to 17.2 mm/yr in Tierra del Fuego and decreasing to 1.6 mm/yr near the Amazon delta. After 5000 years cal BP, RSL started to fall at 0.5 mm/yr. This Atlantic coast of South America database fills a critical geographic gap and provides a robust framework for refining GIA models and understanding sea-level evolution during the Holocene in the Southern Hemisphere.
南美洲大西洋沿岸全新世相对海平面(RSL)变化反映了冰等效海平面、冰川均衡调整(GIA)、区域构造和局部沉积过程之间复杂的相互作用。然而,现有全新世RSL数据时空分辨率不均匀,阻碍了区域评价。在这里,我们编译并标准化了来自巴西、乌拉圭、阿根廷和智利火地岛的1108个RSL数据点,创建了西南大西洋的第一个综合数据库。数据显示,在距今7000年至4000年之间出现了一个广泛的中全新世高点,RSL上升到比现在海平面高2 - 4米,随后逐渐下降到现在。这种模式与GIA模型在该地区50°纬度范围内的预测一致。RSL变化速率的峰值出现在全新世早期到中全新世过渡时期,火地岛最高可达17.2 mm/yr,亚马逊三角洲附近下降至1.6 mm/yr。5000年后,RSL开始以0.5毫米/年的速度下降。这个南美洲大西洋海岸的数据库填补了一个关键的地理空白,并为完善GIA模型和理解南半球全新世的海平面演变提供了一个强大的框架。
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引用次数: 0
Tropicalization and biodiversity restructuring of calcifying plankton in a rapidly warming Mediterranean Sea 快速变暖的地中海中钙化浮游生物的热带化和生物多样性重构
IF 4 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2026.105314
Arturo Lucas , Sven Pallacks , Alessandro Incarbona , P. Graham Mortyn , Patrizia Ziveri
Climate-driven shifts in species diversity, community composition and phenology can disrupt ecosystem functioning and compromise marine ecosystem stability. The Mediterranean Sea, a global biodiversity hotspot, is particularly vulnerable to anthropogenic climate change and is experiencing a growing biodiversity crisis especially driven by warming, habitat degradation, pollution and the introduction of new species. Yet, current knowledge of biodiversity changes in this region is largely limited to shallow shelf benthic communities and macroorganisms. Calcifying phytoplankton and zooplankton, however, offer a unique lens into pelagic ecosystem dynamics, as their fossil record preserves signals of biodiversity change in deep-sea sediments spanning the Industrial Era and the current phase of rapid warming. This study focuses on the reconstruction of diversity change of two dominant calcifying plankton groups: coccolithophores and foraminifera (primary and secondary producers). We examine two selected sedimentary records of the western and central Mediterranean—Alboran Sea and the Strait of Sicily—spanning the last ∼1700 and 200 years of modern climate, respectively. By quantifying abundance, diversity and turnover of species composition we evaluate the potential response of calcifying plankton assemblages to oceanographic changes under anthropogenic climate change. The results revealed contrasting changes in the diversity of the two dominant calcifying plankton groups, with a rapid increase in coccolithophore diversity alongside a decrease in planktonic foraminiferal diversity during the Industrial Era. We attribute these group-specific responses to ecological and physiological differences, particularly in relation to life cycles and water column distribution, under increasingly stratified, nutrient-depleted surface waters driven by rising sea surface temperatures. In addition, this study provides first indication of tropicalization of the western Mediterranean plankton derived from the increasing intrusion and eastward expansion of the coccolithophore Gephyrocapsa oceanica from the Strait of Gibraltar into the Mediterranean Sea. The highest abundances of this species are restricted to the Equatorial Atlantic Divergence Zone and only found in higher proportions in the Mediterranean during past warm periods. Although the temperate-productivity foraminiferal species of Globigerina bulloides and Globorotalia inflata remain the dominant foraminiferal species, previous minor dominant species are being replaced by warm-oligotrophic species, such as Trilobatus sacculifer and Globigerinella spp. These align with model projections of tropical species migrating into the area, previously documented among benthic organisms and point to a broader restructuring of planktonic life.
气候驱动的物种多样性、群落组成和物候变化会破坏生态系统功能,损害海洋生态系统的稳定性。地中海是全球生物多样性的热点地区,特别容易受到人为气候变化的影响,并且正在经历日益严重的生物多样性危机,尤其是在气候变暖、栖息地退化、污染和新物种引入的推动下。然而,目前对该地区生物多样性变化的认识主要局限于浅海陆架底栖生物群落和大型生物。然而,钙化浮游植物和浮游动物为研究远洋生态系统动力学提供了一个独特的视角,因为它们的化石记录保存了跨越工业时代和当前快速变暖阶段的深海沉积物中生物多样性变化的信号。本研究重点重建了两个主要的钙化浮游生物类群:球石藻和有孔虫(初级和次级生产者)的多样性变化。我们研究了地中海西部和中部的阿尔博兰海和西西里海峡的两个精选的沉积记录,它们分别跨越了过去~ 1700年和200年的现代气候。通过量化物种组成的丰度、多样性和周转,我们评估了人为气候变化下钙化浮游生物组合对海洋变化的潜在响应。结果显示,在工业时代,两个主要的钙化浮游生物类群的多样性发生了截然不同的变化,球石藻多样性迅速增加,而浮游有孔虫多样性却在减少。我们将这些群体的特定反应归因于生态和生理差异,特别是与生命周期和水柱分布有关的差异,在海面温度上升驱动的日益分层、营养物枯竭的地表水下。此外,这项研究首次表明,西地中海浮游生物的热带化源于球石藻Gephyrocapsa oceanica从直布罗陀海峡进入地中海的入侵和向东扩张。该物种的最高丰度仅限于赤道大西洋辐散区,仅在过去温暖时期在地中海发现较高比例。虽然温带有孔虫物种Globigerina bulloides和Globorotalia inflata仍然是优势有孔虫物种,但以前的次要优势物种正在被温暖的低营养物种所取代,如三叶虫sacullifer和Globigerinella spp.这些与热带物种迁移到该地区的模型预测一致,之前在底栖生物中有记录,并指出了更广泛的浮游生物重组。
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Global and Planetary Change
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