Geomorphology最新文献

{"title":"Modelling tributary reforestation effects on downstream main channel fluvial geomorphology","authors":"Mincong Wang ,&nbsp;Joseph Claghorn ,&nbsp;Lu Zhuo ,&nbsp;Zhaowu Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2026.110158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2026.110158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reforestation is increasingly promoted as a nature-based solution for sustainable environmental management, offering multiple ecological and hydrological benefits. However, its long-term geomorphic implications at the catchment scale remain insufficiently understood. This study investigates how the spatial configuration and placement of reforestation in tributary sub-basins influence the morphological stability of the main river channel. Using the CAESAR-Lisflood landscape evolution model, a range of reforestation scenarios over a 50-year period in the River Don catchment (UK) are simulated, focusing on three key variables: relative location (upstream vs downstream), topographic position (valley vs upland), and spatial configuration (consolidated vs dispersed). Key geomorphic indicators include changes in lateral channel migration, sediment discharge, erosion and deposition volumes, and planform metrics. The main findings suggest that reforestation in upstream and upland areas significantly improves the stability of the channel planform and efficiently reduces erosion in comparison to interventions occurring downstream and along the riparian corridor. Furthermore, the efficacy of enhancing the general stability of channel planforms is greater when larger, consolidated reforestation operations are implemented compared to several smaller, dispersed projects of equal area. These findings contribute to fluvial geomorphology by quantifying how tributary reforestation alters sediment connectivity and channel evolution in the main channel. They also offer practical guidance for designing reforestation strategies that maximize geomorphic resilience, particularly in resource-constrained restoration planning. By integrating spatially explicit modelling with geomorphic process understanding, this study advances the predictive capability of landscape evolution models and demonstrates their value in assessing long-term anthropogenic impacts on river systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55115,"journal":{"name":"Geomorphology","volume":"496 ","pages":"Article 110158"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Glacial to periglacial transition at the end of the last ice age in the subtropical semiarid Andes” [Geomorphology 465 (2024) 109379 (15 November)]","authors":"Juan-Luis García ,&nbsp;Javiera Carraha ,&nbsp;Hans Fernández-Navarro ,&nbsp;Samuel U. Nussbaumer ,&nbsp;Francia Pérez ,&nbsp;Alan J. Hidy ,&nbsp;Isabelle Gärtner-Roer ,&nbsp;Wilfried Haeberli","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110128","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55115,"journal":{"name":"Geomorphology","volume":"496 ","pages":"Article 110128"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146024171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significance of the physicochemical properties of modern sediments in the Taklimakan Desert for the origin of fluvial-lacustrine deposits in the desert interior","authors":"Aijun Sun ,&nbsp;Hui Zhao ,&nbsp;Luqi Chai ,&nbsp;Xiaoting Jin ,&nbsp;Bing Liu ,&nbsp;Fujun Meng ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Xingpeng Wang ,&nbsp;Fahu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2026.110171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2026.110171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widely distributed ancient fluvial-lacustrine deposits (FLD) within the Taklamakan Desert are potentially valuable archives for reconstructing paleohydrological changes in this arid region. However, their formation mechanism is poorly constrained due to the lack of a systematic comparison of modern sedimentary processes and these FLD within the desert hinterland. In this study we measured the grain size, geochemical element contents, and color of 77 sediment samples from the Taklamakan Desert. They included 54 samples from 12 stratigraphic sections (FLD layers interbedded within aeolian sands), 13 modern fluvial sediment samples, and 10 modern aeolian sand samples. The FLD had very similar physicochemical characteristics to those of the modern fluvial sediments, but they were distinctly different to the aeolian sands. Integrating sedimentological evidence with geomorphological observations, we propose that flooding events from adjacent river systems during past pluvial periods were the dominant factor in the formation of these FLD. Our systematic physicochemical comparison of paleo-sedimentary sediments with potential modern analogues, provides a robust framework for interpreting the hydrological history of the Taklamakan Desert, with implications for better understanding paleoenvironmental processes in arid Central Asia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55115,"journal":{"name":"Geomorphology","volume":"496 ","pages":"Article 110171"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying the influencing factors on the spatiotemporal patterns of dune activity in the Tengger Desert, Northwestern China","authors":"Xuehua Che,&nbsp;Zhuolun Li,&nbsp;Shipei Dong,&nbsp;Jie Luo,&nbsp;Yingyibing Shen,&nbsp;Xue Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Eolian dunes are sedimentary landforms that are particularly sensitive to climate change. Dune activity, including dune migration and sand transport, responds rapidly to environmental changes. However, the contribution of environmental factors underlying spatial variations in dune activity remains unclear. To address this issue, we quantify dune activity in the Tengger Desert and assess the dominant influences including: sand supply, vegetation, topography, and climate. In this study, based on Landsat imagery and COSI-Corr technique, we first derive the spatiotemporal characteristics of the dune migration and sand transport flux in the Tengger Desert from 2014 to 2023, then the dominant factors governing dune activity are identified using the Random Forest (RF) model. The results show that the average dune migration rate in the Tengger Desert is 2.1–3.7 m/yr, with a migration direction of ESE-SSE. The average sand transport flux in the desert is 18.89 ± 28.61 m³/m/yr, controlled by a combination of wind energy and sediment availability. Overall, precipitation, wind intensity, topographic relief, and vegetation coverage are the primary controls on dune activity. In regions with annual precipitation below 150 mm, low precipitation plays a dominant role in dune activity. In regions with precipitation exceeding 150 mm, wind intensity and vegetation coverage become the primary controls, leading to the formation of bistable dune landscapes. This study clarifies the dominant factors affecting changes in dune migration and sand flux at the dune scale, which is helpful for understanding desert evolution responding to climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55115,"journal":{"name":"Geomorphology","volume":"496 ","pages":"Article 110154"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145903968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel approach for utilizing UAV imaging and deep learning techniques for river channel measurement and flood simulation","authors":"Jen-Yu Han ,&nbsp;Chun-Jia Huang ,&nbsp;Yuan-Shun Chang ,&nbsp;Yen-Cheng Lin ,&nbsp;Hao-Che Ho","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2026.110173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2026.110173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>River hydraulic analysis is a crucial prerequisite for disaster prevention. Traditionally, essential parameters for such analysis are acquired through field observations of the river channel, which are labor and cost intensive. This study employs image sensing techniques and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to collect extensive spatial information on river channels and generate both two-dimensional and three-dimensional data for rapid updating of riverbed attributes. The gravel size distribution of the riverbed can also be automatically detected and analyzed by deep learning techniques. Gravel parameters in the range of <span><math><msub><mi>D</mi><mn>50</mn></msub><mo>−</mo><msub><mi>D</mi><mn>90</mn></msub></math></span> were computed to further estimate the Manning's roughness coefficients. Finally, a hydraulics analysis was performed using the above derived parameters for river flood levels and fluid dynamics simulations. The results demonstrated accuracy of 95.39% in water level estimation as compared with true values. Therefore, the proposed innovative approach can greatly increase the efficiency of river hydraulic analysis and flooding simulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55115,"journal":{"name":"Geomorphology","volume":"496 ","pages":"Article 110173"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subsurface variability of sandy coastal geosystems revealed by integrated georadar and cone penetrating testing approach: Insights from the Pays-de-Monts coast (Atlantic France)","authors":"Julie Billy ,&nbsp;Vivien Baudouin ,&nbsp;Gildas Noury ,&nbsp;Manuel Garcin","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Beneath dune fields, the subsurface geology of sandy coastal systems can provide valuable insights for understanding coastal environment. While sandy coasts are often described and monitored through surface geomorphology, their internal structure and geotechnical properties remain poorly documented. To address this limitation, a combined ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and cone penetration testing (CPT) approach was applied along the Pays-de-Monts coast (Atlantic France). This multidisciplinary methodology yields complementary information on the internal architecture, stratigraphic variability, and soil behavior of coastal deposits.</div><div>Two sectors were investigated, both characterized by dune fields underlain by fractured limestone and bordered inland by low-lying marshes. Despite their apparent similarities, the sites reveal distinct features. Results provide new insights into (i) the sedimentary units anchoring the sandy coastline, (ii) the connection with adjacent marshes and low-lying environments, (iii) the relationships between dune systems and underlying deposits, and (iv) soil behavior properties linked to depositional environment or dune types themself.</div><div>From these findings, two conceptual models are proposed: (1) a prograding sandy coastline with an inland marshward transition overlain by dune field (La Parée Grollier, northern sector), and (2) a channel-fill and spit development sequence overlain by dunes (La Pège-Les 60 Bornes, southern sector). These results demonstrate the value of integrating geophysical and geotechnical methods to improve understanding of coastal geosystems and enabling the identification of site-specific characteristics. More broadly, this study demonstrates and discusses the benefits of integrating GPR-CPT approach for advancing coastal geology and highlights the relevance of local geological models for management and adaptation strategies under climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55115,"journal":{"name":"Geomorphology","volume":"496 ","pages":"Article 110153"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into red-bed landslide movement from the perspective of geomorphic evolution: A case study in western Yunnan, China","authors":"Xin Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiujun Dong ,&nbsp;Zhifang Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhiquan Yang ,&nbsp;Yi Yang ,&nbsp;Mingchun Wen ,&nbsp;Yifan Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Geomorphic evolution not only records the dynamics of the Earth's surface through a cyclical progression from the youthful stage to an older stage but is also closely intertwined with the current and future development of the Earth's surface. Red-bed landslides are distributed in the red-series continental layered clastic rock formations deposited during the Mesozoic–Cenozoic Eras. Endowed with inherent susceptibility to bedding-parallel sliding and distinct morphological diversity, these landslides constitute a typical geomorphic hazard on the Earth's surface. Those slope movements are inevitably closely linked to geomorphic evolution, which serves as a crucial implicit feature of surface changes. However, the movement characteristics of red-bed landslides from the perspective of geomorphic evolution remain poorly understood, necessitating further investigation into this issue. This paper focuses on the Qinjia red-bed landslide in western Yunnan, China, which remained in a slow-moving state from June 2018 to May 2022. Our research findings were obtained through multidisciplinary approaches, including unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-borne light detection and ranging (LiDAR), satellite-based time-series interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), geomorphic evolution analysis, and digital terrain analysis. Both the geomorphic evolution in the temporal dimension and the surface deformation in the spatial dimension exhibit significant differential distribution characteristics on the Qinjia landslide. The coupling model of the geomorphic evolution and InSAR deformation rate conforms to a significant quadratic function relationship, meaning that as the geomorphic evolution process progresses, the deformation rate exhibits a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Additionally, areas in the mature stage correspond to the portions where landslide movement is most intense. The spatial distribution of the geomorphic evolution progression across the secondary sliding zones reveals that the sliding pattern of the Qinjia landslide is traction-type. The results of this study supplement the mountain disaster community's understanding of the movement characteristics of landslides from the perspective of geomorphic evolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55115,"journal":{"name":"Geomorphology","volume":"496 ","pages":"Article 110157"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145929266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of large dams on the hydrological and sediment transport regime in the monsoon-dominated Krishna River Basin in India","authors":"Shantamoy Guha","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large dams significantly alter natural hydrological and sediment transport regimes, particularly in monsoon-dominated basins. This study investigates the effect of three large dams in the monsoon-dominated Krishna River Basin using multi-decadal flow and suspended sediment concentration data from respective downstream gauging stations, divided into pre-dam and post-dam periods. Indicators of hydrological alteration, flow and sediment duration curve (FDC), sediment rating curve, hysteresis loop (HL), and cross-wavelet transform (XWT) analyses were utlized to assess dam-induced impacts. Sediment rating curve and HL analyses were conducted for both monthly averages and events exceeding 5-year return period flood. Results reveal monthly monsoonal flow and sediment load reductions of ∼27–63 % and ∼27–98 %, respectively, during post-dam period. Contrary, several non-monsoon months exhibit up to 2 orders of magnitude increase, reflecting artificial water releases for irrigation and hydropower generation. A consistent decline of annual maximum flow and variable responses for annual minimum flow and both annual maximum and minimum sediment load were observed during post-dam time. Comparison of post-dam FDCs relative to pre-dam FDCs exhibits a reduction of high-flow events and sustenance of low-flow events. Two out of three stations show increased coefficients and decreased exponents in monthly sediment rating curves, implying increased sediment availability at lower discharge but lesser transport efficiency. However, monthly HLs and high-flow HL and rating relationships remain largely unaffected. Finally, XWT analysis demonstrates strong pre-dam coherence (0.25–1-year periodicities) between flow and sediment, which weakens post-impoundment, indicating decoupling between flow and sediment. Collectively, these findings reveal that the dam-induced regulation suppresses natural variability, significantly altering the hydrological and sediment transport regime.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55115,"journal":{"name":"Geomorphology","volume":"496 ","pages":"Article 110141"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145929268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sediment yield assessment of a small ungauged montane catchment in the North Caucasus","authors":"Anatoly Tsyplenkov ,&nbsp;Maksim Uspenskii ,&nbsp;Sergey Kharchenko ,&nbsp;Simon Scheper ,&nbsp;Valentin Golosov","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mountain catchments face severe erosion processes, yet sediment transport is rarely measured. Independent methods are needed to assess sediment yield without relying on long-term gauging data. We applied three methods to estimate erosion rates and sediment yield from a 1.84 km² montane catchment located in the North Caucasus. These were: 1) in-situ measurement of the lake sedimentation rate; 2) assessment of erosion rates based on the spatial distribution of geomorphic processes, their rates, and sediment connectivity; and 3) adaptation of the RUSLE model for predicting mean annual soil loss. Based on lake sedimentation rates, the mean annual area-specific sediment yield was 513 t km⁻² yr⁻¹. The spatial distribution and rates of erosion processes indicated that surficial erosion accounts for approximately 83 % of total sediment export, ephemeral streams for 7 %, and rockfalls for 6 %. The remaining contribution comes from soil creep and seasonal solifluction. The RUSLE model, coupled with the morphometric sediment delivery ratio, produced similar, yet 16 % lower, estimates of mean annual sediment yield. This suggests the potential application of this empirical model for ungauged basins in similar montane environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55115,"journal":{"name":"Geomorphology","volume":"496 ","pages":"Article 110156"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145929264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topographic roughness of continuous ejecta deposits of kilometer-size simple craters on the Moon and Mars","authors":"Hanxing Ouyang ,&nbsp;Zhiyong Xiao ,&nbsp;Yichen Wang ,&nbsp;Yizhen Ma ,&nbsp;Fanglu Luo ,&nbsp;Rui Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2026.110176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2026.110176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Formed by deposition of proximal impact ejecta, continuous ejecta deposits of pristine simple craters on terrestrial planets exhibit varying morphology that reflect properties of pre-impact target materials. While some martian simple craters have layered ejecta deposits ascribable to high contents of target volatiles, typical simple craters on Mars have continuous ejecta deposits broadly similar to those on airless bodies such as the Moon and Mercury. Here we demonstrate that for typical pristine lunar and martian simple craters with diameters of 2–7 km that were formed on coeval volcanic units by impactors with comparable initial kinetic energy, the continuous ejecta deposits of the martian craters have smaller bidirectional slopes at baselines of 24–96 m. Correlated observations using high-resolution images show the rougher topography of lunar continuous ejecta deposits is mainly caused by the abundant decameter-sized boulders and concentric ridges and troughs, which are both rare on their martian counterparts. Additionally, the martian craters exhibit systematically smaller depth-to-diameter ratio and maximum ejecta thicknesses than their lunar counterparts, indicating that the transient cavities on Mars experienced larger gravitational collapses during the modification stage. Secondary craters (secondaries) are also scarce around martian craters, but abundant around lunar craters. An likely interpretation emerging from these observations is that the pre-impact target of typical martian simple craters contained notable amount of water and/or water ice, and the low melting and vaporization pressures of H₂O promoted additional fragmentation of the excavated materials, yielding finer ejecta and weaker transient cavity walls. This interpretation is consistent with the common occurrence of concentric ridges and troughs around simple craters on lunar maria, which are formed by local excavation during re-impacts of relatively large ejecta fragments. To testify the plausibility of this interpretation, we extended observations for the occurrence of concentric ridges and troughs around pristine simple craters in lunar highlands, where pre-impact target materials were more fractured than lunar maria. We notice that secondaries and concentric ridges and troughs are indeed atypical and sparse around pristine simple craters in lunar highlands. Likewise, we find that the obvious concentric ridges and troughs are generally lacked around martian craters, and most typical ones occur in young volcanic units that contain less pre-impact volatiles, such as summits of Olympus Mons. Therefore, concentric ridges and troughs were likely formed via secondary impacts by relatively large ejecta fragments, during which ejecta curtains formed by local excavation stalled ejecta flows from the uprange.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55115,"journal":{"name":"Geomorphology","volume":"496 ","pages":"Article 110176"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}