Geomorphology最新文献_第7页

Geomorphic impacts of wildfire on soil erosion: pre- and post-fire RUSLE modeling in Bosco Difesa Grande, Southern Italy, using Google Earth Engine 野火对土壤侵蚀的地貌影响：使用谷歌Earth Engine在意大利南部Bosco Difesa Grande进行火灾前后RUSLE建模

IF 3.1 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Geomorphology

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110109

Somayeh Zahabnazouri , Patrick Belmont , Scott R. David , Peter E. Wigand , Domenico Capolongo

Wildfire can significantly alter landscape stability, particularly in Mediterranean environments where steep terrain and seasonal rainfall amplify erosion risk. This study evaluates the geomorphic impacts of wildfire on soil erosion in the Bosco Difesa Grande, Southern Italy, using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE).

By independently calculating each factor under pre- and post-fire conditions, this research provides a robust, spatially explicit assessment of hillslope erosion dynamics. Results reveal a substantial increase in erosion potential driven by vegetation loss, terrain steepness, and rainfall erosivity, especially in a Mediterranean setting characterized by complex topography and diverse land cover.

Post-fire analysis shows a significant reduction in vegetation cover, with NDVI values declining by up to 70 % in severely burned areas. This loss led to a sharp increase in soil erosion rates, exceeding 35 t/ha/year on steep, south-facing slopes with extensive canopy damage.

Burn severity classification confirmed that erosion escalates with fire intensity: areas with “Very High” severity experienced a rise in soil loss from 17.3 to 175.4 t/ha/year, a nearly tenfold increase, while minimally affected zones saw only minor changes. These results emphasize the direct influence of wildfire severity on post-fire land degradation.

This study highlights the value of combining remote sensing and cloud-based platforms for post-fire erosion monitoring. It advocates for localized calibration and the incorporation of vegetation recovery data to enhance risk assessment accuracy, supporting more targeted soil conservation and land management strategies in fire-prone Mediterranean landscapes.

野火可以显著改变景观稳定性，特别是在地中海环境中，陡峭的地形和季节性降雨增加了侵蚀风险。本研究利用修正通用土壤流失方程（RUSLE）评估了野火对意大利南部迪萨格兰德山脉土壤侵蚀的地貌影响。通过独立计算火灾前和火灾后条件下的每个因子，本研究提供了一个强大的、空间明确的山坡侵蚀动力学评估。结果表明，植被损失、地形陡度和降雨侵蚀力导致侵蚀潜力大幅增加，特别是在地形复杂、土地覆盖多样的地中海地区。火灾后分析显示植被覆盖显著减少，在严重烧伤地区，NDVI值下降高达70%。这种损失导致土壤侵蚀率急剧增加，在南向的陡峭山坡上，土壤侵蚀率超过35吨/公顷/年，树冠大面积受损。烧伤严重程度分级证实，侵蚀随着火灾强度的增加而增加：“非常高”严重地区的土壤流失量从17.3吨/公顷/年增加到175.4吨/公顷/年，增加了近10倍，而受影响最小的地区只有微小的变化。这些结果强调了野火严重程度对火灾后土地退化的直接影响。该研究强调了将遥感与基于云的平台相结合用于火灾后侵蚀监测的价值。它提倡本地化校准和纳入植被恢复数据，以提高风险评估的准确性，支持在易发生火灾的地中海地区采取更有针对性的土壤保持和土地管理战略。

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引用次数: 0

Landscape responses to differential rock uplift in the Phetchabun Mountain ranges and basin, Central Thailand: Insights from morphometric indices 泰国中部碧差汶山脉和盆地对差异岩石隆升的景观响应：来自形态计量指数的见解

IF 3.1 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Geomorphology

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110110

Pichawut Manopkawee , Thitima Wongthibet

The morphometric properties of mountainous topographies result from tectonic processes, climatic conditions, and the erosional resistance of bedrock, all of which exert measurable impacts on erosional mechanisms and the resulting landscape shapes. The study used geomorphic indices to investigate how differential rock uplift imprints the shaping of the Phetchabun Mountain ranges and their adjacent basin in Central Thailand, a region characterized by complex Cenozoic tectonic activity. We used high-resolution DEMs, morphometric indices, including basin-averaged channel steepness, concavity, chi plots, and knickpoint mapping, which we evaluated across 94 watersheds along the western and eastern ranges. The results show a systematic north–south gradient in channel steepness and mean elevation, with higher values in the north reflecting stronger cumulative uplift, and lower values in the south indicating reduced rock uplift and incision. The central watersheds, however, display the strongest transient signals, as indicated by major slope-break knickpoints and convex chi plots, suggesting a response to localized fault reactivation along the Phetchabun Fault Zone. Statistical analysis confirms tectonics as the dominant control on landscape morphology, while precipitation, lithology, and sediment supply support the view that the depositional systems were mainly driven by tectonic uplift. Field-based evidence, including triangular facets, shutter ridges, offset streams, and alluvial fans, supports syn-tectonic construction and the conclusion that relative uplift is the dominant force. Overall, the findings demonstrate that tectonic uplift, expressed through both transient adjustments and cumulative long-term relief, is the primary driver of topographic evolution in the Phetchabun Mountain ranges, with implications for regional tectonic hazards and landscape development.

山地地形的形态特征是由构造过程、气候条件和基岩的抗侵蚀性决定的，所有这些因素都对侵蚀机制和景观形态产生了可测量的影响。该研究利用地貌指数研究了泰国中部以复杂的新生代构造活动为特征的Phetchabun山脉及其邻近盆地的差异岩石隆升如何影响其形成。我们使用了高分辨率dem、形态测量指标，包括盆地平均通道陡峭度、凹凸度、chi图和凿点图，对东西山脉的94个流域进行了评估。结果表明，河道陡度和平均高程呈系统的南北梯度，北部高反映累积隆升强，南部低表明岩石隆升和切口减小。然而，中央流域显示出最强的瞬态信号，如主要的坡折裂缝点和凸chi图所示，表明对沿Phetchabun断裂带的局部断层重新激活的响应。统计分析证实了构造对景观形态的主导控制作用，而降水、岩性和沉积物供应支持了沉积体系主要受构造隆升驱动的观点。基于野外的证据，包括三角形切面、百叶窗脊、偏置流和冲积扇，支持同构造构造，并得出相对隆升是主导力量的结论。总体而言，研究结果表明，以短暂调整和长期累积起伏为表现形式的构造隆升是Phetchabun山脉地形演变的主要驱动力，对区域构造灾害和景观发展具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Modification of offshore wind flow and aeolian sand transport by artificial foredunes 人工前沙丘对近海风流和风沙输运的影响

IF 3.1 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Geomorphology

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110106

Antoine Lamy , Nicolas Robin , Patrick A. Hesp , Thomas A.G. Smyth , Camille René , Olivier Raynal , Bertil Hebert

Airflow dynamics and aeolian sand transport under offshore wind conditions have primarily been examined over relatively large coastal dunes, where dune morphology significantly alters flow structure and sediment pathways. In contrast, the role of smaller-scale, anthropogenically constructed coastal sand dunes, remains relatively understudied. This study investigates airflow patterns and sand transport over a low (<2.5 m) artificial foredune in Leucate (South of France), exposed to dominant offshore winds. A high resolution network of anemometers and aeolian sand traps was deployed along a cross-shore transect during four field campaigns. Results indicate that the direction of incident offshore winds generated distinct patterns of airflow and sediment transport from the dune's lee slope to the beach. When wind approached within 20° of crest-normal, flow separation occurred on the lee side, with wind speeds reduced to 10–20 % of crest values. For angles >20°, flow remained attached but deviated alongshore, with wind speeds reaching 35–50 % of crest values at the dune seaward toe. Wind velocity consistently increased seaward, enhancing sand transport toward the berm, with maximum transport rates exceeding 300 kg/m/h. This seaward-directed transport contributed to a negative sediment budget under persistent offshore wind dynamics. These findings highlight the capacity of small, artificial dunes to modify offshore wind dynamics and sediment pathways, with implications for dune management and coastal sediment budgets.

海风条件下的气流动力学和风成沙输运主要在相对较大的海岸沙丘上进行了研究，沙丘形态显著改变了流动结构和沉积路径。相比之下，小规模的、人为建造的海岸沙丘的作用，研究仍然相对不足。本研究调查了位于法国南部吕盖特（Leucate）的一个低（<；2.5米）人工前沙丘上的气流模式和沙尘运输，该沙丘暴露在主要的海上风中。在四次野外活动中，沿海岸样带部署了一个高分辨率风速计和风沙陷阱网络。结果表明，海风入射方向对沙丘背风坡向海滩的气流输沙有明显的影响。当风速接近峰正线20°以内时，背风侧发生气流分离，风速降至峰正线的10 - 20%。在坡度>；20°时，气流保持附着，但沿岸偏离，风速达到沙丘向海趾峰值的35 - 50%。海风方向风速持续增加，加强了沙向护堤的输沙，最大输沙率超过300 kg/m/h。在持续的海上风动力下，这种向海的运输导致了负泥沙收支。这些发现强调了小型人工沙丘改变海上风动力和沉积路径的能力，对沙丘管理和海岸沉积物预算具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

No transcontinental paleo-Red River flowing to the South China Sea: A mass balance perspective 没有横贯大陆的古红河流入南海：一个物质平衡的观点

IF 3.1 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Geomorphology

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110107

Guihong Zhang , Yuntao Tian , Zengjie Zhang , Michael B.W. Fyhn , Zhenglian Xiao , Zhen Sun , Peizhen Zhang

The southeastern Tibetan Plateau hosts several of the world's largest rivers, such as the Yangtze, Mekong, and Salween, which are proposed to have formed by early Cenozoic breakup of a Mississippi-like paleo-Red River. The model predicts that the modern Red River, which flows along the Ailaoshan-Red River Shear Zone (ASRRSZ) and eventually into the Song Hong-Yinggehai Basin (SHYGB), extended northward to involve the upper Yangtze, Mekong, and Salween Rivers in the past. To test model, this study reconstructs the Cenozoic exhumation history of the SHYGB's proximal sources using thermochronological datasets, and compares it with the sedimentation records. Results reveal that since the late Eocene, the Red River supplied ~84 % of the sediment in the SHYGB, with the remainder from Hainan Island to the east and central Vietnam to the west. The volumetric comparability contradicts the paleo-Red River model. We show that deep exhumation along the ASRRSZ dominated sediment ‘source-to-sink’ transport pattern of the Red River drainage basin.

该模型预测，现代红河在过去沿哀崂山—红河剪切带（ASRRSZ）向北延伸，包括长江上游、湄公河和萨尔温江，最终流入宋洪莺歌海盆地（SHYGB）。为了验证该模型，本文利用热年代学资料重建了SHYGB近端源的新生代发掘历史，并与沉积记录进行了比较。结果表明，晚始新世以来，红河提供了SHYGB约84%的沉积物，其余部分来自海南岛东部和越南中部西部。体积的可比性与古红河模型相矛盾。研究表明，沿ASRRSZ深度挖掘主导了红河流域沉积物“源-汇”输运模式。

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引用次数: 0

Late Quaternary seismic stratigraphy and evolution of the shelf-incised Krka river valley on the Eastern Adriatic coast, Croatia 克罗地亚东亚得里亚海海岸陆架切割Krka河流域晚第四纪地震地层学与演化

IF 3.1 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Geomorphology

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110104

Natalia Smrkulj , Ozren Hasan , Slobodan Miko , Dimitris Christodoulou , Maria Geraga , Nikolina Ilijanić , George Papatheodorou , Valentina Hajek Tadesse , Martina Šparica Miko , Tatjana Durn

The late Quaternary seafloor morphology, seismic stratigraphy, and depositional history of the submerged parts of the Krka River incised karst valley along the continental shelf area of the Eastern Adriatic coast were investigated using swath bathymetry, seismic profiles, and core sediments. Legacy and new seismic data reveal that these facies constitute up to 100 m of deltaic deposits. The shelf sequence experienced several episodes of erosion and subsequent drowning and consists of lowstand, transgression, and highstand deposits. During a sea-level lowstand, most of the shelf area was exposed, resulting in a valley incision on an alluvial plain. The alluvial environment is characterized by sediment bypass with the deposition of progradational clinoforms on the eastern slope of the Middle Adriatic Depression. Following the subsequent transgression, the shelf flooded, and the sediments filled the paleovalley, resulting in a transition from brackish to estuarine and marine deposits. As the transgression continued, the near-surface sediments were reworked and redistributed by shelf erosion, resulting in a thin transgressive sand sheet covering most of the shelf area. The uppermost deposits in the area of the Krka incised valley are regarded as highstand marine deposits. Modern erosional processes dominate the karst shelf area.

利用带状测深、地震剖面和岩心沉积物研究了亚得里亚海东部陆架地区克尔卡河切割岩溶谷淹没部分的晚第四纪海底形态、地震地层学和沉积史。遗留和新的地震资料显示，这些相构成了高达100米的三角洲沉积。陆架层序经历了几期侵蚀和随后的淹没，由低水位、海侵和高水位沉积组成。在海平面低水位期间，大部分陆架区域暴露出来，在冲积平原上形成了一个山谷切口。中亚得里亚海坳陷东坡的冲积环境以泥沙分流为特征，并伴有前积型斜地形的沉积。在随后的海侵之后，陆架被淹没，沉积物填满了古山谷，导致了从咸淡水沉积到河口和海相沉积的转变。随着海侵的持续进行，近地表沉积物受到陆架侵蚀的重新加工和重新分布，形成了覆盖大部分陆架区域的海侵砂层。克尔卡切割谷地区的最上层沉积被认为是高地海相沉积。现代侵蚀作用主导着喀斯特陆架地区。

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引用次数: 0

Grain-size controls on quartz OSL sensitivity in fluvial systems: insights from transport mechanisms in the upper Yellow River 河流系统中石英OSL敏感性的粒度控制：来自黄河上游输运机制的见解

IF 3.1 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Geomorphology

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110102

Ya Liu , Song-Xi Du , Jia-Fu Zhang , Xue Rui , Yu-He Shen , Jia-Jing Wang , Qing-Hao Ma , Zheng-Hao Gu

Understanding sediment transport dynamics in large river systems remains challenging due to the complex grain-size-dependent processes. Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) sensitivity of quartz grains offers potential as a sediment tracer, but its response to fluvial transport modes remains poorly constrained. Here we analyze 26 modern fluvial sediments along the Upper Yellow River (615 km from Zhaling Lake to Ruoergai Basin), comparing OSL characteristics across three transport regimes. The study reveals distinct patterns between fine and coarse fractions: Suspension-transported fine silt (4–11 μm) exhibits low OSL sensitivity (34.0 ± 12.0 to 551.3 ± 272.0 counts·mg⁻¹·Gy⁻¹, avg. 221.3 ± 125.0 counts·mg⁻¹·Gy⁻¹) and high residual doses (−2.2 ± 2.1 Gy to 19.0 ± 3.8 Gy, avg. 8.2 ± 4.9 Gy). This results from: (1) persistent turbidity shielding particles from sunlight exposure; (2) colloidal aggregation significantly reducing effective surface area for bleaching; and (3) Organic acid etching from riparian vegetation degrading luminescence centers. Bedload-transported medium-coarse grains (63–250 μm) show significantly higher sensitivity (63–90 μm: 137.9 ± 272.0 to 1939.0 ± 198.0 counts·mg⁻¹·Gy⁻¹, avg. 775.8 ± 138.7 counts·mg⁻¹·Gy⁻¹; 90–250 μm: 120.0 ± 52.0 to 1115.7 ± 20.0 counts·mg⁻¹·Gy⁻¹, avg. 513.2 ± 139.0 counts·mg⁻¹·Gy⁻¹) and near-zero residual doses (63–90 μm: -–0.5 ± 0.1 to 7.3 ± 0.9 Gy, avg. 0.7 ± 0.7 Gy; 90–250 μm: −0.7 ± 0.1 to 7.39 ± 0.9 Gy, avg. 0.5 ± 0.7 Gy), benefiting from repeated sunlight exposure during saltation/rolling and mechanical abrasion regenerating luminescence centers. Downstream trends show 24–27 % sensitivity increase within 300 km (e.g., 63–90 μm: 422.7 ± 13.2 to 1314.3 ± 26.1 counts·mg⁻¹·Gy⁻¹), demonstrating progressive signal enhancement. Notable deviations occur at: (1) Dari County (334 km), where road construction introduces low-sensitivity debris (DML: 527.0 ± 111.0 counts·mg⁻¹·Gy⁻¹), and (2) Maqu (744 km), where aeolian inputs elevate sensitivity (817.0 ± 51.0 counts·mg⁻¹·Gy⁻¹). The Ruoergai Basin shows 19–24 % sensitivity reduction due to tectonic subsidence limiting sediment reworking. These findings establish OSL sensitivity as an effective discriminator of transport mechanisms, with bedload grains (>63 μm) optimal for depositional dating and fine grains preserving source signals. The study provides a quantitative framework for sediment routing analysis in large fluvial systems.

由于复杂的粒度依赖过程，了解大型河流系统中的沉积物输运动力学仍然具有挑战性。石英颗粒的光激发发光（OSL）灵敏度具有作为沉积物示踪剂的潜力，但其对河流输运模式的响应仍然缺乏约束。本文分析了黄河上游（从寨令湖到若尔盖盆地615公里）26个现代河流沉积物，比较了三种运输机制下的OSL特征。研究发现，细粒粉砂（4 ~ 11 μm）的OSL敏感性较低（34.0±12.0 ~ 551.3±272.0 counts·mg−1·Gy−1，平均值为221.3±125.0 counts·mg−1·Gy−1），残留剂量较高（- 2.2±2.1 Gy ~ 19.0±3.8 Gy，平均值为8.2±4.9 Gy）。这是由于：(1)持续浊度屏蔽颗粒免受阳光照射；(2)胶体聚集显著降低漂白有效表面积；(3)河岸植被降解发光中心的有机酸腐蚀。顺层搬运中粗颗粒（63-250 μm）具有较高的灵敏度（63-90 μm: 137.9±272.0 ~ 1939.0±198.0计数·mg−1·Gy−1，平均值775.8±138.7计数·mg−1·Gy−1；90-250 μm: 120.0±52.0 ~ 1115.7±20.0计数·mg−1·Gy−1，平均值513.2±139.0计数·mg−1·Gy−1）和接近于零的残留剂量(63-90 μm：—0.5±0.1 ~ 7.3±0.9 Gy，平均值0.7±0.7 Gy；90-250 μm:−0.7±0.1至7.39±0.9 Gy，平均0.5±0.7 Gy)，受益于跳跃/滚动过程中反复的阳光照射和机械磨损再生发光中心。下游趋势显示，在300 km范围内，灵敏度增加24 - 27%（例如，63-90 μm: 422.7±13.2至1314.3±26.1计数·mg−1·Gy−1），表明信号逐渐增强。显著的偏差发生在：(1)达里县（334公里），道路建设引入了低敏感性碎片（DML: 527.0±111.0计数·mg−1·Gy−1），(2)玛曲县（744公里），风沙输入提高了敏感性（817.0±51.0计数·mg−1·Gy−1）。若尔盖盆地由于构造沉降限制了沉积物改造，敏感性降低了19 ~ 24%。这些发现表明，OSL灵敏度是一种有效的输运机制鉴别器，其中层状颗粒（>63 μm）最适合沉积测年，细颗粒保留了源信号。该研究为大型河流系统的沉积物路径分析提供了定量框架。

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引用次数: 0

Characteristics and formation mechanisms of sand-flow talus slopes in cold–arid Valleys, Southeastern Tibet

IF 3.1 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Geomorphology

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110099

Yang Xue , Ningsheng Chen , Tao Wen , Yankun Wang , Bocheng Zhang , Yunpeng Yang , Zhenye Yang

Talus slopes are prevalent throughout alpine mountain regions. In southeastern Tibet, along the Bomi–Ranwu section of the G318 National Highway, sand-flow talus (SFT) deposits pose a significant threat to the road. This research explores their development, environmental influences, and formation processes through field surveys, remote sensing, laboratory tests, and spatiotemporal data analysis. The findings show that factors such as precipitation, elevation, the aridity index, and stream order play crucial roles in shaping these slopes. Approximately 72 % of the slopes are found close to first-order streams. Detrital particles primarily originate from the physical weathering of granites, which are primarily made up of mineral particles such as quartz and feldspar, with minimal clay content. The weathered material comes from medium- to coarse-grained granite bedrock and is shaped by dense structural planes in cold-arid valley conditions. Daily temperature fluctuations induce thermal fatigue and freeze–thaw cycles, which primarily facilitate the physical weathering of rock. The development of SFT slopes involves rock-mass collapse, gravity-driven downward movement, and particle transport over long distances via flow zones. Hydraulic erosion processes, such as interrill and rill erosion, primarily drive the movement and accumulation of grain materials. This study offers new insights into the formation mechanisms of SFT slopes in alpine mountain environments and establishes a scientific basis for hazard prevention.

Talus斜坡在高山地区普遍存在。本研究通过野外调查、遥感、实验室试验和时空数据分析，探讨了它们的发展、环境影响和形成过程。研究结果表明，降水、海拔、干旱指数和河流顺序等因素对这些斜坡的形成起着至关重要的作用。大约72%的斜坡靠近一级溪流。碎屑颗粒主要来源于花岗岩的物理风化作用，花岗岩主要由石英、长石等矿物颗粒组成，粘土含量极少。风化物质来自中至粗粒花岗岩基岩，在寒冷干旱的山谷条件下由密集的构造面形成。每日温度波动引起热疲劳和冻融循环，主要促进岩石的物理风化。SFT边坡的发育涉及岩体崩塌、重力驱动下的向下运动和颗粒通过流带进行长距离输运。水力侵蚀过程，如沟间侵蚀和沟间侵蚀，主要驱动颗粒物质的移动和堆积。该研究为高寒山地环境下SFT边坡的形成机制提供了新的认识，并为灾害防治提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Storm-driven coastal boulder transport over two winter storm seasons on Inishmaan, Ireland 爱尔兰伊尼什曼岛两个冬季风暴季节风暴驱动的海岸巨石运输

IF 3.1 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Geomorphology

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110105

Hannah R. Spero , Melissa A. Berke , Jacob Berryhill , Mary C. Bourke , Niamh D. Cullen , Frederic Dias , Isabel Garcia , James G. Herterich , Michael J. Starek , Mariana Silva , Joannes J. Westerink , Andrew B. Kennedy

This work presents the results of a two-year coastal boulder study in Inishmaan, Ireland, where individual boulder motion was tracked using accelerometers, aerial photography, and on-ground surveys. The study monitored boulder movement across four sites during Winter 2022/23 (n = 22), expanded in Winter 2023/24 (n = 36), and prepositioned some boulders to be isolated on the supratidal shore or cliff platform to increase their exposure.

Although coastal boulder deposits in Western Ireland have been studied extensively over recent decades and have been hypothesized to be active only in extreme winter storms, we observed multiple storm inundation events transporting boulders each year. Transport was likely for boulders on open platforms than those constrained by other boulders or topographic barriers, and smaller, lower-elevation boulders were more likely to be transported than larger, higher-elevation boulders. Transport directions were complex and net seaward boulder motion was not observed.

Our results show that boulders were predominantly transported during storm events coinciding with high tide, highlighting the significant role of the tidal stage in mesotidal locations. These findings demonstrate that some coastal boulder deposits can be active annually, with isolated boulders particularly vulnerable to storm transport. With boulders moving more regularly than previously thought, there are implications for coastal planning, safety, and management.

这项工作展示了在爱尔兰伊尼什曼进行的为期两年的海岸巨石研究的结果，其中使用加速度计，航空摄影和地面调查来跟踪单个巨石的运动。该研究在2022/23冬季（n = 22）监测了四个地点的巨石运动，并在2023/24冬季（n = 36）扩大了范围，并预先将一些巨石隔离在潮上海岸或悬崖平台上，以增加它们的暴露。尽管近几十年来，人们对爱尔兰西部沿海的巨石沉积进行了广泛的研究，并假设它们只在极端的冬季风暴中活跃，但我们观察到每年都有多次风暴淹没事件运送巨石。露天平台上的巨石比受其他巨石或地形障碍限制的巨石更容易移动，较小的、低海拔的巨石比较大的、高海拔的巨石更容易移动。搬运方向复杂，未观测到净向海巨石运动。研究结果表明，在与涨潮同时发生的风暴事件中，巨砾主要被搬运，这突出了潮汐阶段在中潮位置的重要作用。这些发现表明，一些沿海巨石沉积物每年都很活跃，孤立的巨石特别容易受到风暴运输的影响。随着巨石的移动比以前想象的更有规律，这对沿海规划、安全和管理都有影响。

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引用次数: 0

Linkage between sediment supply and transport in a large alpine catchment: Oi River basin, Japan 在一个大的高山集水区泥沙供应和运输之间的联系：Oi河流域，日本

IF 3.1 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Geomorphology

Pub Date : 2025-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110100

Juan Antonio Ballesteros Cánovas , Fumitoshi Imaizumi , Daniel Trappmann , Markus Stoffel

This study examines the frequency and magnitude of extreme sediment-laden flows in the Oi River catchment, focusing on their relationship with climate, sediment supply, and transport processes. To this end, we reconstructed historical sediment-laden floods in twelve subcatchments using paleostage indicators from trees and different empirical equations. We also included in-situ hourly climate data and long-term sediment records along the main river. Our results provide insights into the seasonal occurrence of sediment-laden floods in the region. More than 72 % of the events occurred during the pre-typhoon period, but typhoon-related flows exhibited higher rainfall intensities (9.6 ± 3.3 mm/h) and peak discharges (233.4 ± 145.5 m³/s) compared to non-typhoon events (6.8 ± 3.2 mm/h and 171.6 ± 90.9 m³/s, respectively). This implies that typhoon-related flows are more intense, whereas the more frequent non-typhoon events can significantly contribute to time-averaged sediment volumes. Yet, our findings further indicate that sediment transfer differs between tributaries and the main Oi River: while tributaries experienced episodic sediment transfer events linked to debris flows and landslides, the main river showed more sustained sediment transfer patterns driven by fluvial processes. These results underscore the influence of temporary sediment storage in the Oi River basin, which acts as a buffer to downstream sediment transfer during moderate events. This study also highlights the importance of integrating event dating techniques with hydraulic and geomorphic approaches in order to improve our understanding of the mechanisms of sediment-laden flows. Such insights are crucial for a better prediction and management of sediment hazards in similar mountain environments.

本研究考察了Oi河流域极端含沙水流的频率和强度，重点研究了它们与气候、沉积物供应和运输过程的关系。为此，我们利用树木的古阶段指标和不同的经验方程重建了12个子集水区的历史泥沙洪水。我们还包括了每小时的现场气候数据和主要河流沿线的长期沉积物记录。我们的研究结果为该地区含沙洪水的季节性发生提供了见解。超过72%的事件发生在台风前，但台风相关流的降雨强度（9.6±3.3 mm/h）和峰值流量（233.4±145.5 m3/s）高于非台风事件（6.8±3.2 mm/h和171.6±90.9 m3/s）。这意味着台风相关的水流更强烈，而更频繁的非台风事件对时间平均泥沙量有显著贡献。然而，我们的研究结果进一步表明，支流和主河之间的泥沙转移不同：虽然支流经历了与泥石流和滑坡有关的间歇性泥沙转移事件，但主河表现出由河流过程驱动的更持续的泥沙转移模式。这些结果强调了Oi河流域临时泥沙储存的影响，它在中度事件中对下游泥沙转移起缓冲作用。这项研究还强调了将事件定年技术与水力和地貌方法相结合的重要性，以提高我们对含沙水流机制的理解。这些见解对于更好地预测和管理类似山区环境中的沉积物危害至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Stream channel morphology and water flow in ice-free areas of Byers Peninsula, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica 南极南设得兰群岛拜尔斯半岛无冰区的河道形态和水流

IF 3.1 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Geomorphology

Pub Date : 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110101

José Antonio Ortega-Becerril , Thomas Schmid , Juan Pablo Corella , Luis Carcavilla , Mikel Calle , Jerónimo López-Martínez

Fluvial stream channels in Antarctic ice-free areas provide valuable insights into deglaciation/neoglaciation, and the pace of morphogenetic processes shaping the landscape. The northern Antarctic Peninsula, particularly the South Shetland Islands, offers unique conditions for such studies due to extensive ice-free zones, glacial history, and rapidly changing environments. This research focuses on Byers Peninsula (BP), the largest ice-free area of the archipelago, characterized by a well-developed drainage system previously studied and mapped. This paper expands knowledge of channel development, water flow, and related morphologies, relevant for understanding other ice-free Antarctic regions. Morphometric analyses were conducted on 26 streams, alongside evaluation of channel equilibrium in three selected watersheds. Water flow was monitored for two years in two streams using data loggers, with complementary field data from a third. Seven morphotypes were distinguished within a theoretical watershed, including diffuse drainage, platform lakes, braided systems, canyons, cutting raised platforms, open braided channels, entrenched channels on raised beaches, lagoons and/or small fans. Results highlight significant variability in channel size and hydraulic properties across sub-basins. Southern BP streams reveal higher fluvial energy, while Western streams, draining larger basins with higher stream orders, display more advanced fluvial development and concentrate the main systems of the region. Basin orientation, glacier proximity, and topography emerged as key factors shaping channel dimensions, while glacial lake outburst floods strongly influenced morphology and sediment dynamics. The presence of paired morphometrically similar channels on North and South coasts supports a stepwise west–east retreat of Rotch Dome Glacier, marked by stagnation phases producing mature channels and rapid retreats yielding less developed systems.

南极无冰地区的河流河道为了解消冰/新冰作用以及形成景观的形态发生过程的速度提供了有价值的见解。南极半岛北部，特别是南设得兰群岛，由于广泛的无冰区，冰川历史和快速变化的环境，为此类研究提供了独特的条件。这项研究的重点是拜尔斯半岛（BP），这是群岛上最大的无冰区，其特点是以前研究和绘制的排水系统发达。本文扩展了对水道发育、水流和相关形态的认识，有助于了解南极其他无冰地区。对26条河流进行了形态计量学分析，同时对三个选定的流域的河道平衡进行了评估。使用数据记录仪对两条河流的水流进行了为期两年的监测，并从第三条河流获得了补充的现场数据。在一个理论分水岭内划分出七种形态，包括弥漫性排水、台地湖泊、辫状系统、峡谷、切割凸起平台、开放式辫状河道、凸起海滩上的壕沟、泻湖和/或小扇。研究结果强调了不同子盆地间河道尺寸和水力特性的显著差异。南部BP河流显示出较高的河流能量，而西部河流的流域更大，河流等级更高，河流发育更先进，集中了该地区的主要系统。流域方向、冰川接近度和地形是影响河道尺寸的关键因素，而冰湖溃决洪水对河道形态和泥沙动力学有强烈影响。南北海岸成对形态相似的河道的存在支持了Rotch Dome冰川的逐步西向东退缩，其标志是停滞阶段产生成熟的河道，快速退缩产生不发达的系统。

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引用次数: 0