Geomorphology最新文献_第10页

Corrigendum to “The effect of flood 2020 on the morphological changes of the Sadij River, Southeastern of Iran” [Geomorphology 489 (2025) 109994] “2020年洪水对伊朗东南部萨迪吉河形态变化的影响”的勘误表[地貌489 (2025)109994]

IF 3.1 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Geomorphology

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110070

Naimeh Rahimi , Somaiyeh Khaleghi , Alireza Salehipour Milani

引用次数: 0

Paleo extreme storm waves in the North Atlantic: geological evidence from Sal Island, Cape Verde Archipelago 北大西洋的古极端风暴波：来自佛得角群岛萨尔岛的地质证据

IF 3.1 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Geomorphology

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110076

A. Rovere , G. Scicchitano , E. Casella , G. Scardino , C. Barile , G. Vieira , N.A.K. Nandasena , D.D. Ryan , P. Scussolini , R.S. Ramalho

The northwestern coast of Sal Island (Cape Verde Archipelago) is characterized by a rocky shoreline that is regularly impacted by Atlantic swells exceeding 4 m in height and 20 s in period. Yet, the only significant geomorphic expression of wave action is an extensive boulder ridge situated atop a rocky cliff, up to 80–100 m inland and between 10 and 15 m above present sea level. The presence of meter-scale boulders within this ridge raises a key question: is it actively shaped by modern storm waves, or is it a relic of paleo storms, impacting the shoreline during an interglacial period when sea level was significantly higher than today? To test this hypothesis, we apply a multidisciplinary approach combining satellite and drone imagery, topographic analysis, hydrodynamic modelling, and empirical boulder transport thresholds. Our results show that under current conditions, storm waves do not reach the ridge and cannot generate sufficient flow to mobilize its largest boulders. However, under modeled higher sea-level scenarios exceeding +5 m, wave runup reaches the ridge, and flow velocities are sufficient to initiate boulder transport by sliding and overturning. We therefore conclude that the ridge is a relict feature, most likely emplaced during Marine Isotope Stage 5e, when relative sea level in Sal Island was 5–7 m higher than today.

萨尔岛（佛得角群岛）的西北海岸以岩石海岸线为特征，经常受到大西洋海浪的冲击，海浪高度超过4米，周期超过20秒。然而，波浪作用的唯一重要地貌表现是位于岩石悬崖顶部的广阔的巨石脊，位于内陆80-100米，高于目前海平面10 - 15米之间。在这个山脊中出现的米级巨石提出了一个关键问题：它是由现代风暴波积极塑造的，还是古风暴的遗迹，在海平面明显高于今天的间冰期影响海岸线？为了验证这一假设，我们采用了多学科方法，结合卫星和无人机图像、地形分析、流体动力学建模和经验巨石运输阈值。我们的研究结果表明，在目前的条件下，风暴波不能到达山脊，不能产生足够的流量来动员其最大的巨石。然而，在模拟的海平面超过+5米的高情景下，波浪上升到达山脊，流速足以通过滑动和倾覆来启动巨石运输。因此，我们得出结论，该脊是一个遗留的特征，很可能是在海洋同位素阶段5e期间放置的，当时萨尔岛的相对海平面比今天高5-7米。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical investigation of severe dune erosion induced by a tsunami: A case study of the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami on Osuka coast, Hachinohe, Japan 海啸引起的严重沙丘侵蚀的数值研究——以2011年日本八野县大须贺海岸的东北-崎海啸为例

IF 3.1 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Geomorphology

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110073

Haruki Imura, Kazuhisa Goto

Tsunami waves cause severe erosion and deposition in coastal areas. Although tsunami deposits are well surveyed because they reflect tsunami history, tsunami erosion is not examined as intensively. Nevertheless, tsunami erosion can cause remarkable topographic changes and can destroy artificial structures. Understanding tsunami erosion characteristics is important to mitigate tsunami erosion damage. Moreover, understanding tsunami erosion processes of modern tsunamis is necessary to reproduce phenomena caused by paleotsunamis, while erosion traces formed by tsunami waves are useful as paleotsunami evidence. This case study examined a coastal area of Tohoku, Japan affected by the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami. A numerical model reproduced the tsunami flow and sediment transportation to elucidate tsunami erosional landform formation processes. Findings indicated that computed positions of the tsunami erosional landforms and the volumes of eroded and deposited sediments are consistent with field observations. Based on the model results, we assessed the timing of erosion occurrence, the flow characteristics causing erosion, and factors affecting the locations at which erosion occurred. The results demonstrate that return flows, rather than run-up flows, generated most of the tsunami erosion. During the return flow, a supercritical flow locally but severely eroded the beach. Tsunami erosion location was pre-tsunami topography-dependent. The return flow was concentrated in lower places, causing localized, severe erosion. Our findings represent an important achievement for elucidating paleotsunamis that caused severe erosion and for preventing future tsunami disasters.

海啸在沿海地区造成严重的侵蚀和沉积。虽然海啸沉积物因为反映了海啸的历史而得到了很好的调查，但海啸侵蚀却没有得到深入的调查。然而，海啸的侵蚀可以引起显著的地形变化，并可以破坏人工结构。了解海啸侵蚀特征对减轻海啸侵蚀损害具有重要意义。此外，了解现代海啸的海啸侵蚀过程是重现古海啸现象的必要条件，而海啸波形成的侵蚀痕迹则是古海啸的有效证据。本案例研究考察了受2011年东北大海啸影响的日本东北沿海地区。数值模拟重现了海啸流和沉积物的搬运，以阐明海啸侵蚀地貌的形成过程。研究结果表明，海啸侵蚀地貌的计算位置以及侵蚀和沉积沉积物的体积与实地观测结果一致。基于模型结果，我们评估了侵蚀发生的时间、导致侵蚀的水流特征以及影响侵蚀发生地点的因素。结果表明，海啸侵蚀的主要成因是回流，而不是上升流。回流时，局部发生超临界流，但对滩涂侵蚀严重。海啸侵蚀位置与海啸前的地形有关。回流流集中在较低的地方，造成局部严重的侵蚀。我们的发现对于阐明造成严重侵蚀的古海啸和预防未来的海啸灾害具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Vegetation restoration regulates slope-scale sediment source–sink transitions on the Loess Plateau: Evidence from field scouring experiments 植被恢复调节黄土高原坡面尺度泥沙源库转换：来自野外冲刷试验的证据

IF 3.1 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Geomorphology

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110074

Shixuan Zhou , Jingjing Li , Peng Li , Enhao Chang , Kunxia Yu , Xiaohuang Liu , Qian Wan , Yunqi Wang

Over the past 30 years, vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau, China, has yielded remarkable results. However, the impact of different vegetation restoration stages on slope erosion control and sediment source-sink dynamics during succession remains unclear. Consequently, in-situ scouring experiments were conducted in Loess hilly and gully I to assess vegetation restoration stages on runoff and sediment and to understand erosion-deposition transitions. Treatments comprised three inflow rates (4, 8, and 16 L/min), four vegetation succession stages (1, 11, 15, and 25 years), and three consecutive scouring periods (0–30, 31–60, and 61–90 min), with 3D laser scanning used for topographic analysis. Results showed that the capacity of vegetation to slow runoff and reduce erosion did not increase linearly with succession duration. The 11- and 25-year succession stages achieved the greatest reductions in runoff and sediment. At year 25, heavily deposited areas (<−10 mm) increased by 480.17 % in size and 33.13 % in depth compared to early succession. The primary erosion evolution path was mild deposition > mild erosion > moderate erosion, with high scouring flow rates accelerating this dynamic process. With natural succession, sediment source-sink transitions on slopes gradually stabilized, and non-converted areas during erosion were 71.62 % (year 1), 61.18 % (year 11), 68.26 % (year 15), and 53.00 % (year 25). Over time, the slopes transitioned from an erosion-dominated state to more stable conditions. This study offers a more systematic evaluation of the dynamic outcomes of the Grain for Green Project, supporting soil conservation and ecological restoration of the Loess Plateau.

30年来，黄土高原植被恢复取得了显著成效。然而，不同植被恢复阶段对演替过程中坡面侵蚀控制和泥沙源库动态的影响尚不清楚。为此，在黄土丘陵沟壑区进行了原位冲刷试验，以评估植被对径流和泥沙的恢复阶段，并了解侵蚀-沉积的转变。处理包括3个流入速率（4、8和16 L/min）， 4个植被演替阶段（1、11、15和25年）和3个连续的冲刷期（0-30、31-60和61-90分钟），并使用3D激光扫描进行地形分析。结果表明，植被减缓径流和减少侵蚀的能力不随演替时间的延长而线性增加。在11年和25年演替阶段，径流和泥沙的减少最大。在第25年，与早期演替相比，重沉积区（<−10 mm）的面积增加了480.17%，深度增加了33.13%。主要的侵蚀演化路径为轻度沉积-轻度侵蚀-中度侵蚀，高冲刷流速加速了这一动态过程。随着自然演替，坡面沉积物源库转换逐渐稳定，侵蚀过程中未转换面积分别为71.62%（第1年）、61.18%（第11年）、68.26%（第15年）和53.00%（第25年）。随着时间的推移，斜坡从侵蚀为主的状态转变为更稳定的状态。本研究对退耕还林工程支持黄土高原水土保持与生态恢复的动态效果进行了较为系统的评价。

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引用次数: 0

Coast uplifted by nearby shore-parallel active submarine faults during the 2024 Mw 7.5 Noto Peninsula earthquake 在2024年7.5 Mw诺托半岛地震期间，海岸被附近与海岸平行的海底活动断层隆起

IF 3.1 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Geomorphology

Pub Date : 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110069

Hideaki Goto , Tomoru Yamanaka , Tomohiro Makita , Yoshiya Iwasa , Takuro Ogura , Kyoko Kagohara , Yasuhiro Kumahara , Yasuhiro Suzuki , Nobuhisa Matta , Tatsuto Aoki , Wataru Mori , Kenta Haranishi , Takashi Nakata

An Mw 7.5 earthquake occurred at 16:10 JST on January 1, 2024 at a depth of 16 km on the Noto Peninsula, central Japan. This earthquake was the second-largest intraplate earthquake recorded in Japan during 120 years of seismic observation, and it caused approximately 100 km of coastal seafloor emergence along the peninsula's northern coast. Herein, we mapped the emergence of this coastal seafloor and measured the uplift along the coast. The movement of the coastline led to the emergence of approximately 4.4 km² of seafloor, which is continuous and probably the longest in the world. We determined the uplift distribution along the coast using the white remains of a reddish seaweed called Corallina pilulifera. Its upper limit exhibited a distinct horizontal line, effectively representing the uplift amount throughout the peninsula. Two large, uplifted regions were identified, around Cape Saruyama (5.21 m) in the west and Cape Kurasaki (2.70 m) in the north. Although active offshore submarine faults have been extensively researched, the fault traces remain poorly defined because they are primarily interpreted from seismic reflection profiles. We identified the distribution of active submarine faults using anaglyph-type stereoscopic images, confirming the subsurface deformation structure seen through the seismic reflection profiles. The main fault trace is primarily straight and contiguous with the nearby north coast. The uplift amount is greater near the active fault traces on the north side and diminishes sharply with increasing distance from these faults, indicating a southward tilt of surface uplift related to the active submarine faults.

2024年1月1日16时10分，日本中部诺户半岛发生震源深度16公里的里氏7.5级地震。这次地震是日本在120年的地震观测中记录到的第二大板块内地震，它造成了沿半岛北部海岸约100公里的沿海海底隆起。在这里，我们绘制了这个沿海海底的出现图，并测量了沿海的隆起。海岸线的移动导致了大约4.4平方公里海底的出现，这是连续的，可能是世界上最长的海底。我们利用一种叫做珊瑚藻的红色海藻的白色残骸确定了沿海地区的隆起分布。其上限呈明显的水平线，有效地代表了整个半岛的隆升量。确定了两个大的凸起区域，西部的Saruyama角（5.21米）和北部的Kurasaki角（2.70米）。尽管人们对近海海底活动断层进行了广泛的研究，但断层的轨迹仍然模糊不清，因为它们主要是通过地震反射剖面来解释的。我们利用浮雕型立体图像识别了海底活动断层的分布，证实了地震反射剖面观测到的地下变形结构。主要的断层线主要是直的，与附近的北海岸相邻。北侧靠近活动断层的隆升量较大，随着距离活动断层的增加，隆升量急剧减小，表明与海底活动断层有关的地表隆升向南倾斜。

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引用次数: 0

Current flow in low-energy coral forereef spurs and grooves 低能珊瑚前礁刺和凹槽中的水流

IF 3.1 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Geomorphology

Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110072

Lachlan Perris , Tristan Salles , Thomas E. Fellowes , Ana Paula Da Silva , Stephanie Duce , Jody M. Webster , Alisha M. Thompson , Ana Vila-Concejo

Coral forereef hydrodynamics, driven by waves and currents, play a critical role in controlling the distribution of nutrients, sediments and corals across platform reefs. These processes drive the formation of reef systems and are critical to determining the future of coral reef environments in a changing global climate. Despite this, limited in-situ research from the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) into the interactions between spurs and grooves (SaG) and forereefs currents is available. Here we analyse the first dataset of current measurements from a coral forereef SaG system in the GBR and assess forereef currents adjacent to a large reef lagoon that is isolated from the open ocean during low tides. We find that under prevailing weather conditions, waves are low (Hs = 0.25 m) and oblique to forereef isobaths. Currents in SaG under low wave exposure exhibit high velocity (2 m/s) with a dominant offshore component driven by surf zone processes and lagoonal outflow. This is consistent with postulated mechanisms of constructional development of SaG whereby offshore flow transports sediments seaward of the forereef, providing a substrate for coral larvae and living coral fragments to attach. These in-situ observations provide the first evidence from the GBR linking prevalent hydrodynamic conditions to the morphological evolution of coral forereef spur and groove systems.

由波浪和洋流驱动的珊瑚前礁流体动力学在控制平台礁上的营养物质、沉积物和珊瑚的分布方面起着关键作用。这些过程推动了珊瑚礁系统的形成，对于在不断变化的全球气候中决定珊瑚礁环境的未来至关重要。尽管如此，大堡礁（GBR）对刺沟（SaG）和前礁流之间相互作用的现场研究有限。在这里，我们分析了GBR中珊瑚前礁凹陷系统的第一个当前测量数据集，并评估了在退潮期间与公海隔离的大型礁湖附近的前礁流。我们发现，在普遍的天气条件下，波浪较低（高= 0.25米），并向前礁等深线倾斜。低波暴露下的洼地海流表现为高流速（2 m/s），主要由冲浪带过程和泻湖流出驱动。这与假定的构造发育机制是一致的，即近海水流将前礁的沉积物向海方向输送，为珊瑚幼虫和活珊瑚碎片提供附着的基质。这些现场观察提供了GBR的第一个证据，将普遍的水动力条件与珊瑚前礁刺和沟系统的形态演化联系起来。

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引用次数: 0

Failure patterns and hydrological response of layered slope 层状边坡破坏形态及水文响应

IF 3.1 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Geomorphology

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110071

Junfeng Tang , Zhuxiang Ma , Maoshan Li , Junkai Xu , Taro Uchimura , Weimin Xiao , Xiangang Jiang , Dong Huang , Kun Fang

Rainfall infiltration in layered slopes is strongly influenced by the hydraulic contrast between soil layers, which can induce flow diversion and significantly affect slope stability. Further investigation is essential to clarify the mechanisms governing slope failure under such conditions. This study integrates physical model tests with transient numerical simulations to examine the hydrological responses and failure patterns of multi-layered slopes subjected to rainfall. The experimental results reveal three distinct failure modes: retrogressive sliding, seepage erosion, and localized sliding. Each mode is governed by the interplay between slope inclination and soil hydraulic properties. Retrogressive sliding was observed in gently sloping profiles due to uniform pore water pressure accumulation, while seepage erosion resulted from concentrated flows and fine particle migration at the slope base. Localized sliding occurred in steeper slopes where rapid water accumulation above the coarse-grained layer led to sudden failure. Numerical simulations reproduced the transient infiltration dynamics, highlighting two infiltration regimes: the Store–Divert–Percolation pattern in low-angle slopes and the Store–Divert–Drainage behavior in steeper ones. These findings improve our understanding of slope failure mechanisms and offer practical guidance for risk assessment, slope design, and mitigation in geotechnical engineering.

层状边坡的降雨入渗受土层间水力对比的强烈影响，可引起引流，对边坡稳定性有显著影响。进一步的研究是必要的，以阐明在这种条件下控制边坡破坏的机制。本研究将物理模型试验与瞬态数值模拟相结合，研究降雨作用下多层边坡的水文响应和破坏模式。试验结果显示了三种不同的破坏模式：后退滑动、渗流侵蚀和局部滑动。每种模式都是由边坡倾角和土壤水力特性之间的相互作用决定的。缓坡剖面由于孔隙水压力的均匀积累而发生退滑，而渗流侵蚀则是由于坡底的集中流动和细颗粒迁移造成的。在较陡的斜坡上发生局部滑动，粗粒层上方的水迅速积聚导致突然破坏。数值模拟再现了瞬态入渗动力学，突出了两种入渗模式：低角度斜坡的入渗-入渗模式和陡峭斜坡的入渗-入渗-排水行为。这些发现提高了我们对边坡破坏机制的理解，并为岩土工程中的风险评估、边坡设计和缓解提供了实用指导。

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引用次数: 0

A giant Early Holocene tsunamigenic rock-ice avalanche in South Greenland preconditioned by glacial debuttressing 在南格陵兰岛发生的一场巨大的早全新世海啸型岩冰雪崩，其先决条件是冰川首次出现

IF 3.1 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Geomorphology

Pub Date : 2025-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110057

L.L. Pedersen , K. Svennevig , C. Morino , A.S. Søndergaard , C. Pearce , L.F. Pérez , A. Damsgaard , J. Olsen , M.F. Knudsen , A. Noblet , N.K. Larsen

Deposits of a giant (more than 1 km³) rock-ice avalanche with a runout of 15.8 km and an associated failure scar have been discovered in Tupaasat Valley, South Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat). To study its formation, a geomorphological map of the area has been produced using mainly remote sensing, while the age of the landforms has been constrained based on ¹⁰Be cosmogenic nuclide exposure dating. The rock-ice avalanche landforms include a 1100 m wide mound of displaced material located approximately 6.4 km from the scar, at a change in slope from around 4° to 1.5°. A boulder field containing boulders up to 45 m across lies 0.5 km farther down the valley. Beyond the boulder field are kettle holes up to 45 m in diameter and debris cones interpreted as molards reaching heights up to 36 m and diameters up to 140 m. The source area of the rock-ice avalanche is on a mountain crest above a present-day glacier. The rock-ice avalanche landforms yielded ¹⁰Be ages ranging from c. 12.3 to 9.5 ka with a weighted mean of 10.9 ± 0.5 ka, which coincides with the generally known deglaciation age of the valley. Based on our results, we suggest that the rock-ice avalanche was preconditioned by glacial debuttressing during the deglaciation of the valley and created a tsunami when it impacted a nearby fjord. Such events are expected to be more frequent due to climate change and future ice loss and pose a hazard for populations located near glaciated valleys. A better understanding of past events can help mitigate future large rock-slope failures.

在南格陵兰岛的图帕萨特山谷（Kalaallit Nunaat）发现了一个巨大的（超过1平方公里）岩冰雪崩，其流动距离为15.8公里，并发现了一个相关的失败疤痕。为了研究其形成，主要利用遥感技术绘制了该地区的地貌图，而地貌的年龄则基于10Be宇宙核素暴露年代测定法进行了限制。岩石-冰崩地貌包括一个1100米宽的移位物质丘，位于距离疤痕约6.4公里处，坡度从约4°变化到1.5°。在山谷下游0.5公里处有一块巨石场，其中的巨石直径达45米。在巨石区之外是直径达45米的壶洞，碎片锥被解释为高度达36米，直径达140米的磨石。这次岩冰雪崩的源头位于现今冰川上方的一个山顶上。岩石-冰崩地貌得到10个年龄，年龄范围为12.3 ~ 9.5 ka，加权平均值为10.9±0.5 ka，与已知的谷地脱冰年龄一致。根据我们的研究结果，我们认为，在山谷的冰川消退期间，冰川首次出现，并在撞击附近的峡湾时产生了海啸，这是岩石冰崩的先决条件。由于气候变化和未来的冰损失，预计这类事件将更加频繁，并对居住在冰川山谷附近的人口构成威胁。更好地了解过去的事件可以帮助减轻未来大型岩石边坡的破坏。

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引用次数: 0

Reconstructing extreme Late Pleistocene floods in Morocco's Inaouène Valley reveals larger discharges during terrace aggradation than both incision and modern floods 对摩洛哥inaou<e:1>河谷晚更新世极端洪水的重建表明，阶地沉积期间的流量比切口洪水和现代洪水都要大

IF 3.1 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Geomorphology

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110059

Mohammed Lghamour , Lhoucine Karrat , Vincenzo Picotti , Irka Hajdas , Negar Haghipour , Giulia Guidobaldi , Wyss Heeb Karin

Understanding how Quaternary climate shifts shaped fluvial systems through cycles of aggradation and incision is a central theme in fluvial geomorphology. A widely observed pattern is that wetter climatic phases enhance flood discharge and transport capacity, driving valley incision. Whether this relationship is reversed in sediment-rich, semi-arid environments, however, has remained poorly constrained by direct quantitative evidence. Here we present the first quantitative reconstructions of peak flood paleodischarges from the Late Pleistocene Inaouène valley, northern Morocco. Our results show that minimum peak flood discharges during Last Glacial Maximum aggradation were at least 8487 ± 1128 m³/s, exceeding those of the subsequent incisional phase (≥1950 ± 181 m³/s) by more than four times and the maximum modern recorded flood by over 6.5 times. These findings demonstrate a sediment-supply-dominated regime, where abundant clast production from hillslopes overwhelmed even extreme floods and drove valley-wide aggradation. Incision, in turn, occurred under conditions of much lower discharge and reduced sediment input. This study provides direct, quantitative evidence linking abrupt Lateglacial climate transitions to flood-driven landscape evolution in a semi-arid Mediterranean environment.

了解第四纪气候变化如何通过沉积和切割循环塑造河流系统是河流地貌学的中心主题。一个广泛观察到的模式是，湿润的气候阶段增加了洪水的流量和运输能力，推动了河谷的切割。然而，这种关系是否在富含沉积物的半干旱环境中被逆转，仍然缺乏直接的定量证据。本文首次对摩洛哥北部晚更新世inaou河谷的洪峰古流量进行了定量重建。结果表明，末次冰期最大淤积期的最小洪峰流量至少为8487±1128 m3/s，是随后的裂口期（≥1950±181 m3/s）的4倍以上，是现代记录的最大洪峰流量的6.5倍以上。这些发现证明了一种以沉积物供应为主导的制度，在这种制度下，来自山坡的大量碎屑生产甚至压倒了极端的洪水，并推动了整个山谷的恶化。切口，反过来，发生在更低的流量和减少泥沙输入的条件下。该研究提供了直接的定量证据，将半干旱地中海环境中冰川气候突变与洪水驱动的景观演变联系起来。

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引用次数: 0

Automatic tracking rockfall precursory movements in 3D point clouds using the new L-ICP method 利用新的L-ICP方法自动跟踪三维点云中的岩崩前兆运动

IF 3.1 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Geomorphology

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.110056

Marie-Aurélie Chanut , Yohan Peru , Jérome Faillettaz , Laurent Dubois , Alexandre Carotte , Pierre Azemard

The proposed method based on a local-Iterative Closest Point (L-ICP) registration aims at determining the precursory movements of rocks prior to failure (real 3D movements) in the scene that occurred between two specific dates by comparing two point clouds. The aim of local registration is to locally follow the same geometric pattern from one point cloud to another. Knowing at all points the 3D displacements enables us to understand the underlying mechanisms involved. A detection level is also derived from stable zone analysis, providing further insights into the results.

The L-ICP method is validated using synthetic data with an imposed displacements generated by translation, rotation, or both. Results demonstrate that the method is able to detect the “real” 3D displacements in any direction up to 2 cm for movement in plane and more than 10 cm out-of-plane. Compared to the conventional methods such as M3C2 and C2M distances, the proposed method exhibits superior performance, especially in detecting in-plane movements.

The second application on an unstable rock (500 m³ column) in a rocky cliff demonstrates its ability to detect precursory movements. The obtained 3D displacements are of the same order of magnitude as field measurements. The L-ICP method tracks the actual deformation of the mass before its failure.

该方法基于局部迭代最近点（L-ICP）配准，旨在通过比较两个点云，确定在两个特定日期之间发生的场景中岩石在破坏前的前兆运动（真实的3D运动）。局部配准的目的是从一个点云到另一个点云在局部遵循相同的几何模式。了解所有点的3D位移使我们能够理解所涉及的潜在机制。检测水平也可以从稳定层分析中得到，从而进一步了解结果。L-ICP方法是使用由平移、旋转或两者产生的强加位移的合成数据进行验证的。结果表明，该方法能够检测到平面内运动不超过2厘米、平面外运动不超过10厘米的任何方向的“真实”3D位移。与传统的M3C2和C2M距离方法相比，该方法在检测平面内运动方面表现出了更好的性能。第二个应用是在岩石悬崖上的不稳定岩石（500立方米柱）上，证明了它检测前兆运动的能力。获得的三维位移与现场测量值具有相同的数量级。L-ICP方法可以跟踪岩体破坏前的实际变形。

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引用次数: 0