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Accuracy and Consistency of Gemini Responses Regarding the Management of Traumatized Permanent Teeth 双子座在处理受创恒牙方面的准确性和一致性。
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-10-26 DOI: 10.1111/edt.13004
Nicolas Dufey Portilla, Marc Garcia-Font, Venkateshbabu Nagendrababu, Paul V. Abbott, Jose Antonio Gonzalez Sanchez, Francesc Abella

Background

The aim of this cross-sectional observational analytical study was to assess the accuracy and consistency of responses provided by Google Gemini (GG), a free-access high-performance multimodal large language model, to questions related to the European Society of Endodontology position statement on the management of traumatized permanent teeth (MTPT).

Materials and Methods

Three academic endodontists developed a set of 99 yes/no questions covering all areas of the MTPT. Nine general dentists and 22 endodontic specialists evaluated these questions for clarity and comprehension through an iterative process. Two academic dental trauma experts categorized the knowledge required to answer each question into three levels. The three academic endodontists submitted the 99 questions to the GG, resulting in 297 responses, which were then assessed for accuracy and consistency. Accuracy was evaluated using the Wald binomial method, while the consistency of GG responses was assessed using the kappa-Fleiss coefficient with a confidence interval of 95%. A 5% significance level chi-squared test was used to evaluate the influence of question level of knowledge on accuracy and consistency.

Results

The responses generated by Gemini showed an overall moderate accuracy of 80.81%, with no significant differences found between the responses of the academic endodontists. Overall, high consistency (95.96%) was demonstrated, with no significant differences between GG responses across the three accounts. The analysis also revealed no correlation between question level of knowledge and accuracy or consistency, with no significant differences.

Conclusions

The results of this study could significantly impact the potential use of Gemini as a free-access source of information for clinicians in the MTPT.

研究背景这项横断面观察分析研究旨在评估谷歌双子座(Google Gemini,一种免费访问的高性能多模态大语言模型)对欧洲牙髓病学会关于外伤恒牙管理(MTPT)的立场声明相关问题所做回答的准确性和一致性:三位学术牙髓病学家开发了一套 99 个 "是/否 "问题,涵盖了 MTPT 的所有领域。9 位普通牙科医生和 22 位牙髓病学专家通过迭代过程对这些问题的清晰度和理解力进行了评估。两位牙科创伤学术专家将回答每个问题所需的知识分为三个等级。三位牙髓病学专家将 99 个问题提交给 GG,得到了 297 个回答,然后对这些回答的准确性和一致性进行了评估。准确性采用沃尔德二项式法进行评估,而 GG 回答的一致性则采用卡帕-弗莱斯系数进行评估,置信区间为 95%。采用 5%显著性水平的卡方检验来评估问题的知识水平对准确性和一致性的影响:结果:Gemini 生成的回答总体准确率为 80.81%,处于中等水平,牙髓病学家的回答之间没有发现显著差异。总体而言,一致性较高(95.96%),三个账户的 GG 回答之间没有明显差异。分析还显示,问题的知识水平与准确性或一致性之间没有相关性,也没有显著差异:这项研究的结果可能会极大地影响双子座作为 MTPT 临床医生免费获取信息来源的潜在用途。
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引用次数: 0
Impact Absorption Power of Polyolefin Fused Filament Fabrication 3D-Printed Sports Mouthguards: In Vitro Study 聚烯烃熔丝制造三维打印运动护齿的冲击吸收力:体外研究。
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-10-26 DOI: 10.1111/edt.13001
Leonardo Mohamad Nassani, Samuel Storts, Irina Novopoltseva, Lauren Ann Place, Matthew Fogarty, Pete Schupska
<div> <section> <h3> Background/Aim</h3> <p>This study aims to evaluate and compare the impact absorption capacities of thermoformed ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) mouthguards and 3D-printed polyolefin mouthguards used in sports dentistry applications. The objective is to determine whether 3D-printed polyolefin mouthguards offer superior impact toughness compared to traditional EVA mouthguards commonly used in sports settings.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Materials and Methods</h3> <p>Six material samples were assessed: five pressure-formed EVA mouthguards (PolyShok, Buffalo Dental, Erkoflex, Proform, and Drufosoft) and one 3D-printed synthetic polymer (polyolefin). The materials were evaluated using a modified American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D256 Test Method A for Izod pendulum impact resistance of plastics. Polyolefin samples were 3D-printed using fused filament fabrication (FFF) technology. Notably, the FFF process included samples printed with notches placed either parallel or perpendicular to the build direction. This orientation served as a study factor, allowing for comparison of material behavior under different printing conditions. Impact testing was conducted using an Izod impact tester to assess the materials' performance under controlled impact conditions.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>The study achieved a high power (1.0) in power analysis, indicating strong sensitivity to detect significant differences. Among molded materials, PolyShok showed significantly lower impact toughness compared to others (<i>p</i> = 0.06). The mean impact absorption of EVA materials was 5.4 ± 0.3 kJ/m<sup>2</sup>, significantly lower than polyolefin materials, which demonstrated 12.9 ± 0.7 kJ/m<sup>2</sup> and superior performance (<i>p</i> = 0.0). Horizontal-notched polyolefin samples exhibited higher impact strength compared to vertical-notched samples (<i>p</i> = 0.009).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions</h3> <p>3D-printed polyolefin mouthguards exhibited significantly higher impact toughness than thermoformed EVA mouthguards. While EVA materials demonstrated structural robustness, their lower impact resistance and observed tearing in other test specimens suggest the need for alternative testing standards to better reflect real-world conditions. 3D-printed mouthguards fabricated with build orientations perpendicular to the direction of impact demonstrate significantly enhanced impact absorption. Further research into manufacturing methods and testing protocols is recommended to optimize mouthguard performance under
背景/目的:本研究旨在评估和比较热成型乙烯-醋酸乙烯(EVA)护口罩和 3D 打印聚烯烃护口罩在运动牙科应用中的冲击吸收能力。目的是确定与运动场所常用的传统 EVA 护齿相比,3D 打印聚烯烃护齿是否具有更好的冲击韧性:评估了六种材料样品:五种压力成型 EVA 护齿板(PolyShok、Buffalo Dental、Erkoflex、Proform 和 Drufosoft)和一种 3D 打印合成聚合物(聚烯烃)。这些材料采用修改后的美国材料试验协会 (ASTM) D256 试验方法 A 进行评估,该方法适用于塑料的伊佐德摆锤冲击阻力。聚烯烃样品采用熔融长丝制造(FFF)技术进行 3D 打印。值得注意的是,在 FFF 工艺中打印的样品,其凹槽要么平行于构建方向,要么垂直于构建方向。这种方向是一个研究因素,可用于比较不同打印条件下的材料行为。使用伊佐德冲击测试仪进行了冲击测试,以评估材料在受控冲击条件下的性能:结果:该研究在功率分析中达到了很高的功率(1.0),这表明该研究具有很强的灵敏度,可以检测出显著的差异。在模塑材料中,PolyShok 的冲击韧性明显低于其他材料(p = 0.06)。EVA 材料的平均冲击吸收率为 5.4 ± 0.3 kJ/m2,明显低于聚烯烃材料,后者的平均冲击吸收率为 12.9 ± 0.7 kJ/m2,性能优越(p = 0.0)。与垂直缺口样品相比,水平缺口聚烯烃样品的冲击强度更高(p = 0.009):结论:3D 打印聚烯烃护齿的冲击韧性明显高于热成型 EVA 护齿。虽然 EVA 材料表现出结构坚固性,但其较低的抗冲击性和在其他测试样本中观察到的撕裂现象表明,有必要采用其他测试标准,以更好地反映真实世界的条件。三维打印护齿的制造方向与冲击方向垂直,这表明其冲击吸收能力明显增强。建议进一步研究制造方法和测试协议,以优化护齿在冲击情况下的性能。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of Using a Puncturing Method and Cooldown Period Before Pressing the Second-Layered Sheet on the Final Thickness of Double-Layered Sports Mouthguards: An Experimental Study 使用打孔方法和压制第二层板材前的冷却期对双层运动护齿最终厚度的影响:实验研究。
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-10-26 DOI: 10.1111/edt.13007
Uthai Uma, Peerathat Tretanyuth, Puripat Panitchumroen, Sirawish Chomin

Aim

The thickness of the mouthguard is a crucial factor in its protective ability for athletes. This study aimed to investigate the final thickness of double-layered sports mouthguards, which were fabricated using different methods before pressing the second layer.

Materials and Methods

Seven upper working models (n = 7 per group) were prepared for mouthguard fabrication. The first 3-mm mouthguard sheet underwent heating, pressing, and vacuuming onto the model, followed by various protocols before the second 3-mm sheet was pressed. Group 1: The second sheet was pressed immediately. Group 2: The first sheet underwent a 1-h cooldown period before pressing the second sheet. Group 3: The interproximal areas of the first sheet were punctured followed by immediate pressing of the second sheet. Group 4: The first sheet was punctured followed by a 1-h cooldown before pressing the second sheet. After 24 h, the mouthguard thickness was measured at various points on the left and right central incisors and first molars using a digital caliper. The thickness analysis was performed using SPSS 29.0 with one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc analysis.

Results

At the labial surface of the central incisors, Group 4 exhibited the highest thickness, while Group 3 had the lowest (p < 0.001). Groups 1 and 2 did not show significant differences in thickness. At the incisal edges, Group 3 again had the lowest thickness (p < 0.05), with no significant differences observed among the other groups. There were no significant differences in thickness across all areas at the first molars, including cusp tips, pits, and buccal surfaces (p > 0.05). Group 4 demonstrated greater uniformity at the central incisors in thickness compared with the other groups.

Conclusions

Using the puncturing method at interproximal areas combined with a cooldown period could enhance mouthguard thickness at the labial surfaces of the central incisors and improve its thickness uniformity.

目的:护口罩的厚度是影响其对运动员保护能力的关键因素。本研究旨在调查双层运动护齿的最终厚度,在压制第二层之前,采用不同的方法制作双层运动护齿:准备了 7 个上部工作模型(每组 7 个)用于制作护齿。第一层 3 毫米的护齿片在模型上经过加热、压制和真空吸附,然后在压制第二层 3 毫米的护齿片之前进行各种处理。第 1 组:立即压制第二片护齿片。第 2 组:在按压第二片护齿片之前,第一片护齿片需要经过 1 小时的冷却时间。第三组:穿刺第一张牙片的近端间区域,然后立即按压第二张牙片。第四组:刺穿第一张护齿片,冷却 1 小时后再按压第二张护齿片。24 小时后,使用数字卡尺测量左右中切牙和第一磨牙上不同位置的护齿厚度。使用 SPSS 29.0 进行厚度分析,并进行单因素方差分析和 Tukey 事后分析:在中切牙的唇面,第 4 组的厚度最高,而第 3 组的厚度最低(P 0.05)。与其他组相比,第 4 组的中切牙厚度更均匀:结论:在近心间区域使用穿刺法,再加上冷却时间,可以增加中切牙唇面的护齿厚度,并改善其厚度的均匀性。
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引用次数: 0
Transient Apical Breakdown: Incidence, Pathogenesis, and Healing 一过性根尖断裂:发病率、发病机制和愈合。
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1111/edt.13002
Mitsuhiro Tsukiboshi, Yuli Berlin-Broner, Liran Levin

Background/Aims

Transient apical breakdown (TAB) is a phenomenon that indicates temporary apical periodontal destruction and root resorption after tooth luxation injuries, followed by the healing process of the dental pulp. Andreasen in 1986, reported that TAB was seen in approximately 4.2% of all luxation injuries. However, there have been no reports thereafter on the types and frequency of the luxation traumatic injuries in which TAB occurs. Therefore, this retrospective study was aimed to assess the incidence and pathogenesis of dental trauma-induced TAB and to suggest a possible mechanism of subsequent healing based on a series of cases.

Methods

Data analysis included mature teeth (n = 56) of 49 patients aged 9–30 years who presented in a private dental office over a period of 10 years (2012–2022) to investigate the incidence and healing sequala of TAB.

Results

TAB was observed in 43.8% of subluxation, 62.5% of extrusive luxation, and 75% of lateral luxation injuries. The average age of patients who developed TAB was 14.5 years, ranging from 9 to 28 years old.

Conclusions

TAB can be expected in many cases of luxation injuries with minimal dislocation. Therefore, mild injuries (subluxation, extrusion, and lateral luxation), may exhibit spontaneous healing, recovery of dark discoloration of the crown, disappearance of a periapical radiolucent lesion and return to normal response to EPT as long as 12 months after the traumatic injury. Thus, a decision to perform endodontic treatment in these cases might be postponed until clear evidence for an infection exists.

背景/目的:一过性牙根尖破坏(TAB)是牙齿松动损伤后牙根尖暂时性牙周破坏和牙根吸收的一种现象,随后是牙髓的愈合过程。Andreasen 在 1986 年报告说,在所有牙齿松动损伤中,约有 4.2% 出现了 TAB。然而,此后还没有关于发生 TAB 的牙齿松动外伤类型和频率的报告。因此,这项回顾性研究旨在评估牙外伤引起的TAB的发生率和发病机制,并根据一系列病例提出后续愈合的可能机制:数据分析包括49名9-30岁患者的成熟牙齿(n = 56),这些患者在10年间(2012-2022年)曾在一家私人牙科诊所就诊,研究TAB的发病率和愈合顺序:结果:在43.8%的半脱位、62.5%的外脱位和75%的侧脱位损伤中观察到TAB。出现TAB的患者平均年龄为14.5岁,从9岁到28岁不等:结论:许多脱位程度较轻的关节松动损伤病例都会出现TAB。因此,轻度损伤(半脱位、挤压和侧向松动)可能会在创伤后12个月内表现出自发愈合、牙冠深色变色恢复、根尖周放射性病变消失以及对EPT的反应恢复正常。因此,在这些病例中进行牙髓治疗的决定可以推迟到有明确的感染证据时再做。
{"title":"Transient Apical Breakdown: Incidence, Pathogenesis, and Healing","authors":"Mitsuhiro Tsukiboshi,&nbsp;Yuli Berlin-Broner,&nbsp;Liran Levin","doi":"10.1111/edt.13002","DOIUrl":"10.1111/edt.13002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background/Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transient apical breakdown (TAB) is a phenomenon that indicates temporary apical periodontal destruction and root resorption after tooth luxation injuries, followed by the healing process of the dental pulp. Andreasen in 1986, reported that TAB was seen in approximately 4.2% of all luxation injuries. However, there have been no reports thereafter on the types and frequency of the luxation traumatic injuries in which TAB occurs. Therefore, this retrospective study was aimed to assess the incidence and pathogenesis of dental trauma-induced TAB and to suggest a possible mechanism of subsequent healing based on a series of cases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data analysis included mature teeth (<i>n</i> = 56) of 49 patients aged 9–30 years who presented in a private dental office over a period of 10 years (2012–2022) to investigate the incidence and healing sequala of TAB.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TAB was observed in 43.8% of subluxation, 62.5% of extrusive luxation, and 75% of lateral luxation injuries. The average age of patients who developed TAB was 14.5 years, ranging from 9 to 28 years old.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TAB can be expected in many cases of luxation injuries with minimal dislocation. Therefore, mild injuries (subluxation, extrusion, and lateral luxation), may exhibit spontaneous healing, recovery of dark discoloration of the crown, disappearance of a periapical radiolucent lesion and return to normal response to EPT as long as 12 months after the traumatic injury. Thus, a decision to perform endodontic treatment in these cases might be postponed until clear evidence for an infection exists.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55180,"journal":{"name":"Dental Traumatology","volume":"41 S1","pages":"72-79"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/edt.13002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Time-Dependent Morphological Changes in Traumatic Immature Teeth With Necrotic Pulps Following Regenerative Endodontic Treatment: A Retrospective Study 牙髓再生治疗后伴有坏死牙髓的创伤性未成熟牙形态变化的时间依赖性:一项回顾性研究
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12986
Manal Maree, Omri Nabriski, Margarita Yoshpe, Shaul Lin, Arieh Y. Kaufman

Background/Aim

Regenerative endodontic treatment is a promising approach for healing periapical lesions and continuous root maturation. Although previous studies have reported its outcomes, the dynamics of morphological changes over time remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate changes in the periapical status and root dimensions over a 60-month follow-up period.

Materials and Methods

The follow-up duration, periapical status changes, calcific barrier formation, degree of apical closure and radiographic root area changes were compared with those of the last follow-up in this retrospective study. Radiographic root area changes were calculated as the difference between the total root and total canal areas.

Results

Fifty-eight patients (81 teeth) underwent regenerative endodontic treatment during the study period, of whom 32 patients (36 teeth, 62%) were included. The survival and success rates of the treated teeth were 100% and 94.4%, respectively. All teeth developed a calcific bridge in the cervical third of the root canal, indicating the presence of vital tissue. Apical narrowing (partial or total) was observed in 75% of the cases. The root maturation stage affected the percentage increase in the radiographic root area. Teeth in Cvek stages II–III showed a higher radiographic root area increase than more mature teeth. All tooth radiographic root areas increased significantly in the initial 20 months of the treatment and moderately thereafter.

Conclusions

Regenerative endodontic treatment is a safe approach for traumatised immature teeth. The presence of a radiographic calcified bridge may be an early indication of treatment success. The main complete tooth morphological changes occur after approximately 20 months posttreatment. These findings may help clinicians better understand the time-dependent changes in the root morphology after treatment, improve the follow-up schedule and predict the progress of healing during follow-up visits.

背景/目的:牙髓再生治疗是一种治愈根尖周病变并使牙根持续成熟的有效方法。虽然之前的研究已经报道了其结果,但形态变化的动态变化仍不清楚。因此,本研究旨在评估随访 60 个月期间根尖周状况和牙根尺寸的变化:在这项回顾性研究中,将随访时间、根尖周状况变化、钙化屏障形成、根尖闭合程度和根部X光片面积变化与最后一次随访进行了比较。根部X光片面积变化以根部总面积与根管总面积之差计算:研究期间,58 名患者(81 颗牙齿)接受了牙髓再生治疗,其中 32 名患者(36 颗牙齿,62%)接受了治疗。治疗后牙齿的存活率和成功率分别为 100%和 94.4%。所有牙齿的根管颈部三分之一处都出现了钙化桥,表明存在活力组织。75%的病例观察到根尖狭窄(部分或全部)。牙根成熟阶段会影响牙根放射面积的增加百分比。与更成熟的牙齿相比,处于 Cvek II-III 阶段的牙齿显示出更高的放射根部面积增长。在治疗的最初 20 个月中,所有牙齿的放射根部面积都有显著增加,之后则略有增加:再生牙髓治疗是治疗创伤性未成熟牙齿的一种安全方法。放射性钙化桥的出现可能是治疗成功的早期迹象。主要的完整牙齿形态变化发生在治疗后约 20 个月之后。这些发现可以帮助临床医生更好地了解治疗后牙根形态随时间的变化,改进随访计划并预测随访期间的愈合进展。
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引用次数: 0
Stress Distribution in Proclined Anterior Teeth of Pediatric Patients With and Without Mouthguard Use: A 3D Finite Element Analysis 使用和未使用护齿器的儿科患者前牙倾斜的应力分布:三维有限元分析
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12998
Shivani Nagnath Bhadule, Ritesh R. Kalaskar, Avani Doiphode

Background

Traumatic dental injuries related to sports are a significant concern, as they can have severe physical and psychological impacts on children. Using mouthguards is essential, particularly in sports like skating, where high-impact forces are common.

Aim

The study aimed to evaluate how stress is distributed on the teeth and surrounding bone in children with proclined anterior teeth when a force of 614.12 N was applied to two different regions of the jaws. The evaluation was conducted using finite element analysis (FEA), both with and without the use of a mouthguard.

Methods and Methodology

A 3-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) model was constructed using a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan of a 12-year-old male patient. An average standardized force of 614.12 N was calculated, based on the average weight of children aged 11 to 13 years and the average speed of 13.4 m/s with which the children skate. The force was applied in two different directions and areas of the jaws: a lateral blow, perpendicular to the crown and root with the maxillary and mandibular teeth in occlusion (between the first molar and second premolar), and a blow obliquely at the pogonion point on the chin. Static simulations were then performed for four realistic scenarios—two with mouthguards and two without mouthguards.

Result

The Von Mises stresses were evaluated under all conditions. When the applied force was directed laterally, the stress values observed were 126.76 MPa with a mouthguard and 140 MPa without a mouthguard. When the force was applied to the chin region, the stress values were 37.997 MPa with a mouthguard and 40.67 MPa without a mouthguard.

Conclusion

The use of a mouthguard in children is beneficial for protecting teeth and surrounding structures, especially in cases of proclined anterior teeth, as it helps dampen the generated stresses.

背景:与体育运动有关的牙齿外伤是一个值得关注的重大问题,因为它们会对儿童的身体和心理造成严重影响。目的:本研究旨在评估当 614.12 牛顿的力作用于颌骨的两个不同区域时,前牙前突儿童牙齿和周围骨骼的应力分布情况。评估采用有限元分析法(FEA)进行,包括使用护齿器和不使用护齿器两种情况:使用一名 12 岁男性患者的锥形束计算机断层扫描 (CBCT) 扫描结果构建了一个三维有限元分析 (FEA) 模型。根据 11 至 13 岁儿童的平均体重和儿童滑冰的平均速度 13.4 米/秒计算出平均标准化力为 614.12 牛。该力施加在颌骨的两个不同方向和部位:垂直于上下颌牙齿咬合时牙冠和牙根(第一臼齿和第二前臼齿之间)的侧向打击,以及斜向打击下巴上的腭咽点。然后对四种实际情况进行了静态模拟--两种情况下使用护齿,两种情况下不使用护齿:结果:在所有条件下都对 Von Mises 应力进行了评估。当施加的力指向侧面时,观察到的应力值为:戴护齿时 126.76 兆帕,不戴护齿时 140 兆帕。当力作用在下巴区域时,佩戴护齿的应力值为 37.997 兆帕,不佩戴护齿的应力值为 40.67 兆帕:结论:儿童使用护齿器有利于保护牙齿和周围结构,尤其是在前牙前倾的情况下,因为它有助于抑制产生的应力。
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引用次数: 0
“In Their Own Words”: Families' Experiences With Tooth Autotransplantation for the Replacement of Maxillary Incisors in Children "用他们自己的话说":儿童上颌切牙自体移植手术的家庭经验。
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12990
Beatrice O. Williams, Milenka Jean-Baptiste, Kimon Divaris, Antonio Moretti, Ingeborg De Kok, John R. Christensen

Objectives

To examine families’ experiences, including motivation and barriers to undergoing tooth autotransplantation (AT), and their perceptions of associated esthetic and functional outcomes.

Methods

Semi-structured, in-depth-interviews (IDIs) were conducted in person with families who had children that underwent the AT procedure. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. Transcripts were coded and thematically analyzed both deductively and inductively. A facilitators and barriers matrix and journey maps were created to draw inferences on patterns arising from main themes.

Results

Twenty families selecting AT as a solution for a missing maxillary incisor were recruited and interviewed. Overall, all families interviewed had a positive experience with the AT procedure. Motivating factors for undergoing the AT procedure included wanting an earlier intervention for the missing incisor, wishing to mitigate negative psychosocial effects, and the anticipated positive outcomes that would last into adulthood. Barriers to uptake of the AT procedure included the lack of dental practitioner awareness of AT as a potential solution and a large number of appointments and travel. Families were also initially concerned over potential complications that could arise from their child undergoing this procedure. The cost of the procedure was both a barrier and a facilitator for treatment.

Conclusions

The study results demonstrate that the overall AT is favorably considered by the families of growing children for the replacement of maxillary incisors and highlight factors that may act as motivators or barriers to its uptake.

目的研究家庭的经历,包括进行牙齿自体移植(AT)的动机和障碍,以及他们对相关美学和功能结果的看法:方法:对有孩子接受了自体牙移植手术的家庭进行了半结构式深度访谈(IDI)。访谈进行了录音和转录。对笔录进行编码,并以演绎和归纳的方式进行主题分析。我们创建了一个促进因素和障碍矩阵以及旅程地图,以便对主要主题所产生的模式进行推断:招募并采访了 20 个选择义齿替代技术作为上颌门牙缺失解决方案的家庭。总体而言,所有受访家庭对厌食症治疗过程都有积极的体验。接受磨牙术的动机包括希望更早地对门牙缺失进行干预、希望减轻负面的社会心理影响,以及预期将持续到成年期的积极效果。接受门牙反向矫正手术的障碍包括牙科医生对门牙反向矫正作为一种潜在的解决方案缺乏认识,以及大量的预约和旅行。家庭最初还担心孩子接受这种手术可能会引起并发症。手术费用既是治疗的障碍,也是治疗的促进因素:研究结果表明,成长中的儿童家庭在更换上颌门牙时,会积极考虑采用整体人工替代技术,并强调了一些可能成为接受该技术的动力或障碍的因素。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of validity and reliability of AI Chatbots as public sources of information on dental trauma 评估人工智能聊天机器人作为牙科创伤公共信息来源的有效性和可靠性。
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1111/edt.13000
Ashish J. Johnson, Tarun Kumar Singh, Aakash Gupta, Hariram Sankar, Ikroop Gill, Madhav Shalini, Neeraj Mohan

Aim

This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of AI chatbots, including Bing, ChatGPT 3.5, Google Gemini, and Claude AI, in addressing frequently asked questions (FAQs) related to dental trauma.

Methodology

A set of 30 FAQs was initially formulated by collecting responses from four AI chatbots. A panel comprising expert endodontists and maxillofacial surgeons then refined these to a final selection of 20 questions. Each question was entered into each chatbot three times, generating a total of 240 responses. These responses were evaluated using the Global Quality Score (GQS) on a 5-point Likert scale (5: strongly agree; 4: agree; 3: neutral; 2: disagree; 1: strongly disagree). Any disagreements in scoring were resolved through evidence-based discussions. The validity of the responses was determined by categorizing them as valid or invalid based on two thresholds: a low threshold (scores of ≥ 4 for all three responses) and a high threshold (scores of 5 for all three responses). A chi-squared test was used to compare the validity of the responses between the chatbots. Cronbach's alpha was calculated to assess the reliability by evaluating the consistency of repeated responses from each chatbot.

Conclusion

The results indicate that the Claude AI chatbot demonstrated superior validity and reliability compared to ChatGPT and Google Gemini, whereas Bing was found to be less reliable. These findings underscore the need for authorities to establish strict guidelines to ensure the accuracy of medical information provided by AI chatbots.

目的:本研究旨在评估人工智能聊天机器人(包括 Bing、ChatGPT 3.5、Google Gemini 和 Claude AI)在解决牙科创伤相关常见问题(FAQ)时的有效性和可靠性:通过收集四个人工智能聊天机器人的回复,初步拟定了一套 30 个常见问题。然后,由牙髓病学专家和颌面外科医生组成的小组对这些问题进行了改进,最终选出了 20 个问题。每个问题在每个聊天机器人中输入三次,共产生 240 个回复。这些回复采用全球质量得分(GQS)进行评估,采用 5 点李克特量表(5:非常同意;4:同意;3:中立;2:不同意;1:非常不同意)。评分中的任何分歧均通过基于证据的讨论来解决。根据两个阈值:低阈值(所有三个回答的得分均≥ 4 分)和高阈值(所有三个回答的得分均为 5 分),将回答分为有效和无效两类,从而确定回答的有效性。使用卡方检验比较聊天机器人之间回复的有效性。计算了 Cronbach's alpha,通过评估每个聊天机器人重复回答的一致性来评估可靠性:结果表明,与 ChatGPT 和谷歌双子星相比,克劳德人工智能聊天机器人的有效性和可靠性更高,而必应的可靠性较低。这些研究结果表明,有关部门有必要制定严格的指导方针,以确保人工智能聊天机器人提供的医疗信息的准确性。
{"title":"Evaluation of validity and reliability of AI Chatbots as public sources of information on dental trauma","authors":"Ashish J. Johnson,&nbsp;Tarun Kumar Singh,&nbsp;Aakash Gupta,&nbsp;Hariram Sankar,&nbsp;Ikroop Gill,&nbsp;Madhav Shalini,&nbsp;Neeraj Mohan","doi":"10.1111/edt.13000","DOIUrl":"10.1111/edt.13000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of AI chatbots, including Bing, ChatGPT 3.5, Google Gemini, and Claude AI, in addressing frequently asked questions (FAQs) related to dental trauma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A set of 30 FAQs was initially formulated by collecting responses from four AI chatbots. A panel comprising expert endodontists and maxillofacial surgeons then refined these to a final selection of 20 questions. Each question was entered into each chatbot three times, generating a total of 240 responses. These responses were evaluated using the Global Quality Score (GQS) on a 5-point Likert scale (5: strongly agree; 4: agree; 3: neutral; 2: disagree; 1: strongly disagree). Any disagreements in scoring were resolved through evidence-based discussions. The validity of the responses was determined by categorizing them as valid or invalid based on two thresholds: a low threshold (scores of ≥ 4 for all three responses) and a high threshold (scores of 5 for all three responses). A chi-squared test was used to compare the validity of the responses between the chatbots. Cronbach's alpha was calculated to assess the reliability by evaluating the consistency of repeated responses from each chatbot.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results indicate that the Claude AI chatbot demonstrated superior validity and reliability compared to ChatGPT and Google Gemini, whereas Bing was found to be less reliable. These findings underscore the need for authorities to establish strict guidelines to ensure the accuracy of medical information provided by AI chatbots.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55180,"journal":{"name":"Dental Traumatology","volume":"41 2","pages":"187-193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analyzing the Burden of Midface Fractures Due to Road Traffic Accidents in Vietnam: An Epidemiological Approach. 分析越南道路交通事故造成的中面部骨折负担:流行病学方法
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12997
Chon Thanh Ho Nguyen, Hung Trong Hoang, Tuan Van Nguyen, Cuong Minh Tran, Khai Quang Dao

Background: Road traffic accidents have significantly impacted public health in Vietnam. This study investigated the patterns of midface fractures in Vietnam and their correlation with road traffic accidents in the country.

Methodology: This retrospective cross-sectional study reviewed 2187 medical records of patients with midface fractures in Ho Chi Minh City. After applying exclusion criteria, the fractures were categorized. Statistical analyses, including chi-squared and logistic regression, were conducted to identify associations and relationships among the types and causes of fractures.

Results: The study found that 89.3% of midface fractures stemmed from road traffic accidents, with 55.2% and 14.4% zygomatic complex fractures and Le Fort type II fractures, respectively. Adults aged 19-39 accounted for 65.1% of patients, with males at 80.5%. Traffic accidents were significantly associated with an 18.7 times higher risk of concomitant mandibular fractures and a 10.5 times higher risk of Le Fort type II fractures, irrespective of age and gender.

Conclusion: This study underscores the need for targeted prevention strategies to decrease the incidence of maxillofacial injuries resulting from road traffic accidents in Vietnam, particularly among high-risk groups such as males and young adults.

背景:道路交通事故严重影响了越南的公众健康。本研究调查了越南中面部骨折的模式及其与该国道路交通事故的相关性:这项回顾性横断面研究回顾了胡志明市 2187 名面中部骨折患者的医疗记录。在应用排除标准后,对骨折进行了分类。通过卡方和逻辑回归等统计分析,确定骨折类型和原因之间的关联和关系:研究发现,89.3%的中面部骨折源于道路交通事故,其中颧骨复合体骨折和 Le Fort II 型骨折分别占 55.2%和 14.4%。19-39岁的成年人占患者总数的65.1%,其中男性占80.5%。无论年龄和性别如何,交通事故与并发下颌骨骨折的风险高出18.7倍和Le Fort II型骨折的风险高出10.5倍明显相关:本研究强调,有必要制定有针对性的预防策略,以降低越南道路交通事故导致的颌面部损伤的发生率,尤其是男性和年轻人等高危人群。
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引用次数: 0
Quality and Reliability of YouTube Video Contents About Sports Mouthguards: A Cross-Sectional Study 关于运动护齿的 YouTube 视频内容的质量和可靠性:横断面研究。
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12989
Ilke Gezer, Selin Saygili, Mehmet Guven Gunver, Yelda Kasimoglu, Elif Bahar Tuna-Ince

Background

Sports dentistry aims to prevent and manage orofacial injuries, tooth fractures, tooth loss, and soft tissue trauma during sport activities. Mouthguards are appliances that protect athletes from dental trauma during contact sports. The video-sharing platform YouTube has a large number of informative videos about mouthguards. This study aimed to analyze the quality, accuracy, and reliability of YouTube videos about mouthguards, investigate the relationship between the features and the quality of mouthguard videos on YouTube, and provide suggestions for future informative content about mouthguards and sports dentistry.

Materials and Methods

The first 100 videos for each keyword from YouTube were collected using the keywords “mouthguard,” “sports mouthguard,” and “mouthguard and dental trauma.” Videos meeting the inclusion criteria were categorized based on publisher (dental professionals and nonprofessionals) and type (animation/slideshow, interview, and product introduction). Video features were recorded. Video content quality, reliability, and accuracy were measured by the Video Information and Quality Index (VIQI), the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmarks, the DISCERN Instrument, the Global Quality Scale (GQS), and the usefulness score. Data were analyzed using SPSS (IBM 29.0) at a 95% statistical significance level (p = 0.05).

Results

Out of 300 videos, 80 videos were included. Most of the videos were uploaded by dental professionals (n = 49). The average values of the VIQI, JAMA, DISCERN, and GQS scores were 15.33 out of 20.0, 1.38 out of 4.00, 49.24 out of 80.0, and 2.99 out of 5.00, respectively. Videos uploaded by dental professionals had significantly higher scores in VIQI, JAMA, DISCERN, GQS, and usefulness scores but exhibited a lower number of likes, comments, and views (p < 0.05). Of all included videos, 51% (n = 41) were categorized as “moderately useful” and 10% (n = 8) as “very useful.”

Conclusions

Mouthguard videos uploaded by dental professionals are more useful, accurate, and of higher quality. Therefore, patients should consider the information shared by dental professionals. Greater participation from dentists in sharing high-quality content would be beneficial.

背景:运动牙科旨在预防和处理体育活动中的口面部损伤、牙齿骨折、牙齿脱落和软组织创伤。护齿是保护运动员在接触性运动中免受牙齿创伤的器具。视频共享平台 YouTube 上有大量关于护齿器的信息视频。本研究旨在分析 YouTube 上有关护齿器视频的质量、准确性和可靠性,研究 YouTube 上护齿器视频的特征与质量之间的关系,并为今后有关护齿器和运动牙科的信息内容提供建议:使用关键词 "护齿器"、"运动护齿器 "和 "护齿器和牙科创伤 "收集 YouTube 上每个关键词的前 100 个视频。符合纳入标准的视频根据发布者(牙科专业人士和非专业人士)和类型(动画/幻灯片、访谈和产品介绍)进行分类。对视频特征进行了记录。视频内容的质量、可靠性和准确性通过视频信息和质量指数(VIQI)、《美国医学会杂志》(JAMA)基准、DISCERN 仪器、全球质量量表(GQS)和实用性评分来衡量。数据使用 SPSS(IBM 29.0)进行分析,统计学显著性水平为 95% (p = 0.05):在 300 个视频中,有 80 个视频被收录。大多数视频是由牙科专业人员上传的(n = 49)。VIQI、JAMA、DISCERN 和 GQS 分数的平均值分别为 15.33(满分 20.0)、1.38(满分 4.00)、49.24(满分 80.0)和 2.99(满分 5.00)。牙科专业人士上传的护齿器视频更有用、更准确、质量更高。因此,患者应考虑牙科专业人士分享的信息。牙医更多地参与分享高质量的内容将是有益的。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Dental Traumatology
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