Dental Traumatology最新文献

Background/aim: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of orofacial-dental trauma (OT) among 582 child athletes (aged 6-16) in Damascus, Syria.

Material and methods: Data were collected through structured interviews and a 13-item questionnaire administered between December 2023 and December 2024. The questionnaire included information about demographics, sports participation, injury history (including both soft and hard tissue injuries), mechanisms of injury, and use of protective gear. A pilot study confirmed the reliability of the questionnaire with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.829. A two-stage sampling method was employed, which involved randomly selecting clubs from a list provided by the General Sports Federation and then randomly sampling 20% of players from each club.

Results: The overall prevalence of OT was found to be 45.5%. Age and type of sport significantly affected injury patterns; although males exhibited a slightly higher prevalence, this difference was not statistically significant. The highest injury rate (52.5%) was seen among athletes with 1-5 years of experience. The 12-16 age group was more likely to experience extra-oral soft tissue injuries (39%), followed by dental injuries (23.5%). Falls were identified as the most frequent mechanism of injury, with the highest injury rates (53.2%) occurring during training sessions. Overall, the use of protective gear was low (27.3%), and while injured athletes were less likely to use such gear, this difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusions: This study highlights the significant burden of OT among young athletes in Damascus and emphasizes the urgent need for improved prevention strategies, particularly promoting the use of protective gear.

Aim: Tooth fracture is one of the most common complications of dental trauma, which needs to be addressed on an emergency basis. The pressing demand for reliable information has prompted both professionals and laypersons to turn to video-sharing platforms like YouTube and Vimeo for guidance regarding the management of tooth fractures among local users. These platforms have emerged as significant sources for advice on dental emergencies; however, the trustworthiness and precision of the information provided have not been thoroughly examined. This research sought to evaluate the quality, accuracy, and reliability of videos on YouTube and Vimeo that address the management of tooth fractures.

Materials and methods: A search was conducted on YouTube and Vimeo between November 11, 2024, and February 27, 2025, using terms related to the management of tooth or dental fractures, and 92 videos were included for analysis. Demographic information for the videos, including platform, length, category, upload date, number of likes, and comments, was documented. The assessment of video content quality, reliability, and accuracy was conducted utilizing the Global Quality Scale (GQS), benchmarks from the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), and the Video Information and Quality Index (VIQI).

Results: In total, 92 videos were examined. The average scores were JAMA: 3 ± 1, modified DISCERN: 53 ± 11, GQS: 3 ± 1, and VIQI: 5 ± 1. Statistically significant differences were observed across video types in key parameters such as the DISCERN score (YouTube: p = 0.002; Vimeo: p < 0.001), JAMA benchmark (YouTube: p = 0.045; Vimeo: p = 0.002), GQS, VIQI, and overall video evaluation (p < 0.001), emphasizing that video format, video posted, target audience, and platform influence educational impact. With the highest mean views (983,441) and significantly elevated DISCERN (63 ± 9) and JAMA scores (3 ± 1), actual procedure videos exemplify strong informational reliability and public trust.

Conclusion: The research indicates that, although the majority of the videos on managing tooth fractures are produced by dental professionals, their overall quality is subpar. This highlights the potential dangers of relying on misleading or insufficient information in these important circumstances.

Aim: To critically evaluate existing systematic reviews to assess the current status of vital pulp therapy (VPT) for managing traumatic pulpal exposures in permanent teeth.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search of multiple electronic databases was conducted for systematic reviews published until November 30, 2024, without language restrictions. Eligible reviews assessed the clinical effectiveness of VPT compared to alternative treatments or no intervention. Reviews that included case reports, laboratory studies, animal studies, and narrative reviews were excluded. The methodological quality was assessed using the A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews (AMSTAR)-2 tool, while the overlap among primary studies was quantified using the covered area and corrected covered area metrics.

Results: Four systematic reviews and meta-analyses, incorporating 32 primary studies, met the inclusion criteria. The overlap among primary studies was 18.75%, indicating a high degree of overlap. AMSTAR-2 revealed that all included reviews had a critically low level of confidence due to limitations in search strategies, inconsistency in risk of bias assessment, and lack of reporting of primary study funding sources. Despite these limitations, VPT demonstrated promising outcomes, with partial pulpotomy achieving higher success rates than direct pulp capping and emerging as the preferred approach for immature and mature permanent teeth with complicated crown fractures. However, conflicting evidence prevented definitive conclusions regarding the superiority of pulpotomy over pulp capping with calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)₂ or mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Additionally, no significant differences were observed between bioceramic materials and Ca(OH)₂ in pulpotomy cases.

Conclusion: Partial pulpotomy appears to be a promising treatment for traumatic pulp exposures in permanent teeth; however, the current evidence base, characterized by critically low AMSTAR-2 ratings, remains insufficient to support definitive clinical recommendations. Given the conflicting and low-quality evidence on the preferred material and the high overlap of primary studies among the included reviews, well-designed randomized controlled trials with long-term follow-up are essential for definitive clinical recommendations.

Trial registration: International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42025650026.

Aim: This study aimed to describe the epidemiological characteristics of patients with ABI treated at a specialized dental trauma center between 1998 and 2023; to analyze the survival rate of teeth involved in alveolar bone injuries (ABI) and assess the risks of healing outcomes for these teeth.

Materials and methods: In total, 115 patients (367 traumatized teeth) were included in the epidemiological analysis. Among them, 47 patients (40.9%) and 145 traumatized teeth (40.8%) were followed for 12 to 118 months (1-9.8 years) after trauma. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to evaluate the survival of traumatized teeth about pulp necrosis (PN), ankylosis-related resorption (ARR), infection-related resorption (IRR), pulp canal obliteration (PCO), tooth loss (TL), and the success rate of treatment. A multivariate regression analysis identified risk factors associated with these outcomes.

Results: The mean follow-up period for teeth included was 30 months. Patients with ABI comprised 11.5% of cases treated at the center. After 3 years, the TL rate was 10%; 33% of teeth exhibited no healing complications, classified as successful outcomes. PN was the most common complication, affecting 58% of the sample. The risk of TL was 15 times higher in teeth requiring repositioning or reimplantation following trauma. ABI involving alveolar bone plate avulsion was associated with increased risks of IRR, PN, and lower treatment success rates.

Conclusions: Teeth involved in ABI generally have a favorable prognosis, with 90% retained in the oral cavity after 3 years. One-third of these teeth showed no complications during the follow-up period. However, teeth associated with alveolar bone avulsion or requiring replantation or repositioning had higher risks of complications, including IRR, PN, and TL.

Introduction/objectives: This study investigated the influence of raster angles on the mechanical properties of 3D-printed facial protectors using polylactic acid and thermoplastic polyurethane materials.

Materials and methods: Shore D hardness, impact resistance, tensile, and compression tests were conducted to evaluate material performance under different printing orientations.

Results: Polylactic acid maintains relative hardness consistency regardless of the printing orientation, while thermoplastic polyurethane exhibits greater variability. In terms of impact resistance, thermoplastic polyurethane outperformed polylactic acid, making it more suitable for applications requiring high energy absorption. Tensile tests revealed that raster orientation significantly affected the mechanical properties, with polylactic acid showing higher tensile strength at 0° raster and thermoplastic polyurethane demonstrating greater ductility. In compression, polylactic acid maintained more consistent strength, whereas thermoplastic polyurethane showed greater variability.

Conclusions: The material type and print orientation selection should be tailored to specific application needs, highlighting the advantages of 3D printing for customizing and optimizing facial protection devices.

Background/aim: A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the factors affecting family physicians' knowledge of dental trauma and their awareness of the ToothSOS mobile application.

Materials and methods: Google Forms was used to construct a survey with 10 questions, and participants received links to the survey through email and a mobile application. Evaluations were conducted on the family physicians' demographics, degree of traumatic dental injury knowledge, and awareness of the ToothSOS smartphone app. The questions were developed from a similar study using the latest guidelines from the International Association of Dental Traumatology.

Results: In total, 210 family physicians, 47.6% of whom were female, took part in the study. The accurate answer rates showed statistically significant variations depending on experience on the following topics: the management of an avulsed primary tooth (p = 0.01); antiseptic rinsing solutions being recommended (p = 0.39); the choice of antibacterial agent (p = 0.18); and the correlation between age group and dental trauma accompanied by soft tissue injuries (p = 0.04). Their professional title did not influence their answers. Despite 94.8% of participants being unaware of the ToothSOS application, 80% said they would prefer to use it in future procedures, and the intention to use the ToothSOS app was statistically significant for both professional status (p = 0.021) and genders (p = 0.038). Participants who were professors and assistants in family medicine departments, and female participants had a statistically higher rate.

Conclusions: With the exception of the questions about avulsion injuries and the most frequently traumatized tooth, family physicians' understanding of oral trauma was adequate. Doctors with less experience in family medicine possess a more accurate understanding of the subject. The most important conclusion was that the participants were not aware of the ToothSOS mobile application, highlighting the importance of keeping family physicians abreast of the latest advances in dental traumatology.

Background: Domestic abuse (DA) frequently results in injuries to the head, neck, and orofacial regions. Despite the visibility of these injuries, many survivors do not access formal medical or dental care because of fear, stigma, or systemic barriers. Reddit, an anonymous online platform, offers a unique opportunity to examine unfiltered victims/survivors' narratives shared in public forums. The aim of this study was to explore how DA, particularly its physical, psychological, and social impacts, was represented, perceived, and discussed on Reddit. Special attention was given to posts describing injuries to the head, neck, and orofacial region, to understand how victims/survivors narrated their experiences, sought support, and navigated disclosure in anonymous digital spaces.

Methods: This study employed web scraping to analyze Reddit posts from four domestic abuse-related subreddits (r/AbuseInterrupted, r/DomesticAbuse, r/DomesticViolence, and r/domesticviolence) using Python's Reddit API Wrapper (PRAW). Posts were filtered using anatomical keywords relevant to dental and maxillofacial trauma. After cleaning and manual review, first-person accounts referencing injuries to the head, neck, or orofacial area underwent qualitative thematic analysis and quantitative content analysis.

Results: A total of 588 Reddit posts related to DA were initially collected. Of the 588 posts, 153 (26.0%) met the inclusion criteria and were retained for analysis. Analysis of the 153 posts meeting the inclusion criteria revealed the most affected regions in DA victims, with frequent descriptions of physical abuse including slapping, grabbing, strangulation, and blunt-force trauma. Thematic analysis identified four central themes: (1) visible injuries, (2) barriers to accessing medical and dental care, (3) psychological and emotional consequences of abuse, and (4) inconsistent responses from healthcare and legal systems.

Conclusions: Oral and Maxillofacial injuries may serve as critical red flags of domestic abuse. Even when visible, they are often overlooked by healthcare providers. The findings of this study underscore the need for trauma-informed training among dental professionals and support the integration of domestic abuse screening protocols into routine oral health care. Additionally, the ethical use of web scraping presents a valuable tool for public health research by amplifying survivor voices and helping to identify intervention gaps that may be missed in clinical or institutional data.

Introduction: Sports-related traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are common among young athletes, particularly in contact sports like basketball. Although most TDIs are preventable with mouthguard use and prompt first aid, awareness levels remain low. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of TDIs, knowledge of emergency management, and mouthguard awareness among youth basketball players in Turkey.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study included 125 youth basketball players from 25 randomly selected teams in the 2024-2025 season. Participants completed a 12-item online questionnaire covering demographics, TDI history, emergency management knowledge, and mouthguard use. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for data analysis.

Results: Among the participants, 16.8% reported experiencing a dental injury while playing basketball, with tooth fractures being the most common type (57.1%). Only 29.6% were aware that timely replantation of an avulsed tooth improves prognosis. Mouthguard usage was notably low, with only 7.2% reporting any use. The most frequently cited reason for not using a mouthguard was the perception that it was unnecessary (41.1%). Experience with dental trauma and knowledge of emergency management were significantly associated with years of basketball participation (p < 0.05), whereas no demographic factors were significantly related to mouthguard use.

Conclusion: Youth basketball players in Turkey show limited awareness of TDI management and low mouthguard usage. Educational programs for athletes, coaches, and parents are important to raise awareness, encourage prevention, and improve emergency response, especially among young athletes.

Background/aim: Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are a significant global oral health concern. As future practitioners, dental students must possess sufficient knowledge and skills to manage these injuries effectively. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the ToothSOS mobile application in enhancing undergraduate dental students' knowledge of the emergency management of TDIs.

Materials and methods: A total of 210 undergraduate dental students from the 3rd, 4th, and 5th academic years participated in this comparative study. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (ToothSOS) or the control group. Both groups completed a 15-item questionnaire assessing their knowledge of TDI emergency management at baseline (pretest) and again after 4 weeks (posttest). During the posttest, the intervention group had access to the ToothSOS application, whereas the control group completed the assessment unaided. Statistical analyzes included the Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon signed-rank, and Kruskal-Wallis tests, with significance set at p < 0.05.

Results: Both groups demonstrated significant improvement in posttest scores compared to pretest results; however, the ToothSOS group showed a significantly greater increase, with a mean score of 8.70 ± 1.75 compared to 7.20 ± 2.16 in the control group (p < 0.001). Subgroup analyzes indicated that the ToothSOS group achieved significantly higher posttest scores across all examined variables including gender, academic year, prior dental trauma education, awareness of the application, and previous app use (p < 0.05 for all comparisons).

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that even the patient-directed section of the ToothSOS mobile application can significantly improve dental students' knowledge and decision-making accuracy regarding traumatic dental injuries. Thoughtful integration of mobile applications like ToothSOS into dental curricula may meaningfully enhance both academic development and early-stage preparedness for real-world emergency situations.