Dental Traumatology最新文献

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global health concern, with over a quarter of women and girls worldwide experiencing IPV at least once in their lifetime. Previous research has indicated that dentists often lack the training and confidence to handle IPV-related concerns in clinical settings. The purpose of this study was to examine dental professionals' knowledge, attitudes, and solutions offered to victims regarding IPV-related concerns.

Methods: A cross-sectional study in a survey format was administered across Canada to collect responses from dentists, dental hygienists, dental therapists, and dental assistants. The questions in the survey were designed to evaluate professionals' knowledge of IPV, comfort levels addressing the topic with their patients, attitudes toward IPV, and knowledge of intervention resources.

Results: Overall, 327 dental professionals completed the survey, with 183 dentists, 77 dental assistants, 60 dental hygienists, and 5 dental therapists. Most dental professionals indicated that they have not received training related to IPV at any point either during their education (88%) or career (81%). Furthermore, most dental professionals reported that they did not feel comfortable speaking to patients about IPV-related concerns (51%) nor did they feel prepared to provide referrals or resources to victims. However, dental professionals generally feel that they do have a role in responding to IPV-related events (55%) and would like more training on this topic (61%).

Conclusions: Dental professionals largely believe that they are key responders to assist potential IPV victims and appear willing to take steps toward doing so. This study's findings also indicate that there is not currently widespread access to the tools, protocols, and educational resources that could facilitate this assistance.

Background: Use of artificial intelligence chatbots in dental traumatology has increased. However, concerns regarding their reliability are yet to be addressed. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of a new AI chatbot Dental Trauma Evo in responding to queries on dental fractures and luxations.

Materials and methods: A total of 45 questions, including multiple-choice questions (MCQs), true/false, and yes/no types of questions were created and validated in accordance with the International Association of Dental Traumatology's position statement on fractures and luxations. Over the course of nine consecutive days in incognito mode, they were simultaneously exposed to four chatbots: ChatGPT-4o, DeepSeek R1, Google Gemini 2.5, and Dental Trauma Evo. The obtained answers were verified for accuracy and consistency. The Fisher's exact test was used for statistical analysis.

Results: The best overall accuracy was shown by Dental Trauma Evo (85.43%), which was followed by Google Gemini (81.72%), DeepSeek (80.24%), and ChatGPT-4o (79.75%). Regarding question type, ChatGPT-4o, Google Gemini, and Dental Trauma Evo recorded the best responses to Yes/No, True/False, and MCQs respectively. There was an insignificant difference between the question type and the different chatbots (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: The Dental Trauma Evo chatbot developed using the International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines exhibited a favorable preliminary performance in the current study. Further research, clinical validation, and model enhancements are necessary to ensure the effective implementation of the same in practice.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the performance of artificial intelligence-based deep convolutional neural networks, YOLOv8, YOLOv11, and YOLOv12, in segmenting dental injuries using panoramic films of pediatric patients with traumatic dental injuries.

Methods and materials: Panoramic radiographs of pediatric patients aged 6-13 years with traumatic dental injuries presented to the Gaziantep University Faculty of Dentistry were input into an artificial intelligence model (CranioCatch, Eskisehir-Turkey) using YOLOv8, YOLOv11, and YOLOv12 as models to automatically detect and classify dental injuries.

Results: The AUC values of YOLOv8, YOLOv11, and YOLOv12 were 0.72, 0.69, and 0.73 for hard tissue injuries and 0.61, 0.67, and 0.69 for soft tissue injuries, respectively. Multiclass F1-scores are 0.592, 0.653, and 0.683, respectively. All models were able to better discriminate hard tissue injuries, and the most consistent results were obtained with YOLOv12.

Conclusion: The YOLOv12-based deep learning model demonstrated better performance in detecting dental trauma in pediatric panoramic radiographs compared to other models. Nevertheless, artificial intelligence has not yet achieved flawless performance in Dental Traumatology. Therefore, AI tools should be developed in collaboration with expert dentists to better support clinical decision-making in dental trauma cases.

Background/aim: Bi-colored mouthguards (MTG) are often sought by both professional and amateur athletes. Bi-colored MTG can be made in the dental office from premanufactured bi-colored EVA sheets or custom-designed in the dental office for greater color variety. This study aimed to evaluate the tensile strength of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) plates from two commercial brands (BioArt and Polyshok), using different bonding methods and heat sources for producing bicolored MTG.

Materials and methods: EVA plates from BioArt and Polyshok (3 mm thickness) were bonded using six methods combining two bonding materials (metal angle and glass plate) and three heat sources (heat gun, mini-torch, and Hannau lamp). Bonded plates were sectioned into 30 standardized bar-shaped samples (70 × 10 × 3 mm) and subjected to tensile testing. Ultimate tensile strength was recorded, and statistical analyses were performed using One-Way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05).

Results: Significant differences in ultimate tensile strength (MPa) were observed between bonding methods (p < 0.001) for each commercial brand. The metal angle and heat gun (MAH) method exhibited the highest tensile strength for both tested EVAs (BioArt: 146.5 ± 30 MPa; Polyshok: 87.8 ± 19.3 MPa). The Hannau lamp produced the lowest values for both tested EVAs (BioArt: 69.8 ± 43.1 MPa; Polyshok: 51.0 ± 14.4 MPa).

Conclusions: The bonding method significantly affects the tensile strength of EVA plates, with the MAH method and heat gun demonstrating superior performance. These findings highlight the importance of optimizing bonding techniques to ensure durability and protective performance in bi-colored MTG.

Objective: This in vitro study investigated whether the use of different intraorifice barrier materials (IOBMs) in combination with tricalcium silicate-based cements affects the vertical fracture resistance of simulated immature mandibular incisors treated with regenerative endodontic protocols.

Materials and methods: A total of 128 extracted mandibular incisor teeth were standardized by removing 3 mm of their root ends and randomly assigned to four controls (CG, n = 8) and eight experimental groups (EG, n = 12): CG1: Intact immature teeth, CG2: Simulated immature teeth (retrograde preparation only, without access cavity), CG3: Simulated immature teeth restored with resin-based composite (RBC) only, CG4: Simulated immature teeth left unrestored, EG1: White Angelus MTA + RBC, EG2: White MTA + Riva LC HV + RBC, EG3: White MTA + Cention Forte (Alkasit) + RBC, EG4: White MTA + Zirconomer Improved + RBC, EG5: Biodentine + RBC, EG6: Biodentine + Riva LC HV + RBC, EG7: Biodentine + Cention Forte + RBC, EG8: Biodentine + Zirconomer Improved + RBC. Following access cavity preparation, all groups (except CG1 and CG2) underwent the RET protocol. Then, specimens were subjected to vertical fracture testing. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA (p < 0.05). Fracture patterns were categorized as repairable or non-repairable.

Results: There was a significant difference in fracture resistance between CG1 and CG4 (p = 0.046). Samples restored with EG3 demonstrated significantly higher fracture resistance than the groups CG4 and EG7 (p = 0.044, p = 0.012, respectively). Across all groups, the majority of fractures were non-repairable.

Conclusion: Within the limits of this in vitro model, most coronal restoration protocols after RET showed comparable fracture resistance. Combinations with Zirconomer Improved showed favorable trends, but clinical recommendations should remain cautious pending further standardized studies. Material choice at the cervical level may help reduce the risk of root fracture in traumatized immature teeth treated with regenerative endodontic therapy, improving long-term outcomes.

Background/objective: Parents' recognition of their children's oral health plays a crucial role, particularly regarding traumatic dental injuries (TDIs). This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with parents' recognition of TDIs in children aged 3-5 years.

Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 575 preschool children in the city of Diamantina, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Parents or guardians completed questionnaires addressing the history of TDIs, sociodemographic information, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Clinical examinations were conducted using Andreasen's criteria. Descriptive analysis, chi-square tests, and Poisson regression were performed.

Results: The prevalence of TDIs was 20.7%. A substantial proportion (44.5%) of caregivers failed to recognize dental trauma in their children. A lower number of children was inversely associated with recognition (PR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.32-0.94), whereas the presence of impact on OHRQoL (PR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.06-2.01), enamel and dentine fractures (PR = 1.88; 95% CI: 1.19-2.97), fractures with pulp exposure (PR = 1.88; 95% CI: 1.06-3.31), and crown discoloration (PR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.37-3.02) were factors associated with greater parental recognition of TDIs.

Conclusion: Parents' recognition of TDIs in their children is limited and influenced by clinical characteristics of the injury, its impact on quality of life, and the number of children.

Background/aim: Women with lived experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV), especially physical trauma to the head, neck, and face, can experience oral health issues, leading to significant dental problems. Despite these severe dental outcomes, racialized women who have experienced IPV often find oral healthcare largely inaccessible. Yet access to oral care is a crucial, overlooked aspect of health and support for racialized women who have experienced IPV. The study aimed to explore the barriers and facilitators to accessing oral healthcare for racialized women who experience intimate partner violence.

Materials and methods: A qualitative research study using a critical, intersectional lens and principles of Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) was conducted using 14 interviews with women and five focus group discussions with dentists (n = 9) and shelter providers (n = 8) in Toronto, Canada. The resulting data were analyzed through reflexive thematic analysis guided by the McIntyre access framework.

Results: The research findings highlighted multiple barriers to oral healthcare. Financial difficulties and coverage restrictions make it challenging for participants to afford the high cost of needed treatment. There are intersectional power dynamics and structural barriers in service delivery that shape oral care experiences and can manifest as racial discrimination and misogyny. Additional barriers include long waitlists and minimal access to culturally responsive care.

Conclusions: This research underscores the urgent need for policies that expand dental care coverage and for further training of dental providers in trauma sensitivity and culturally competent care.