Pub Date : 2021-02-26DOI: 10.1080/10408436.2021.1886047
Ashritha Salian, Saumen Mandal
Abstract Over the last few years, high-entropy oxides (HEOs) are subjected to considerable scientific scrutiny due to their exceptional characteristics, tunable properties displaying remarkable performance including colossal dielectric constant, low electrical and thermal conductivity, high-temperature phase stability, excellent magnetic, structural optical properties and extraordinary catalytic behavior. The single-phase crystal structure of multicomponent oxides is stabilized via configurational entropy (S config). An incrementation in the number of elements magnifies S config which dominates the free energy landscape, overcomes enthalpy in Gibb’s free energy, and reaches a maximum magnitude while entire elements are in equiatomic fractions. Therefore, accurate control of configurational entropy is the main motive force used to achieve phase pure HEOs by the incorporation of more than four cations in the system in equiatomic proportions with random distributions. HEOs are becoming hotcakes in the field of research as it emphasizes on compositions proximally near the centers of the multicomponent phase diagram, where unexpected behaviors can be anticipated. Thus, presenting a crucial research frontier for the material scientists to explore. As the novel design approach of entropy stabilization is still immature, these new oxide candidates can be engineered for practical applications in batteries, capacitors, nuclear reactors, and thermal barrier coatings. This review addresses the properties like electrochemical, electrical, magnetic, mechanical, catalytic, thermal, etc., of HEOs to date, with additionally focusing on their classification, theoretical predictions, and fundamental understanding of entropy engineering including entropy dominated phase stabilization effect.
{"title":"Entropy stabilized multicomponent oxides with diverse functionality – a review","authors":"Ashritha Salian, Saumen Mandal","doi":"10.1080/10408436.2021.1886047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408436.2021.1886047","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Over the last few years, high-entropy oxides (HEOs) are subjected to considerable scientific scrutiny due to their exceptional characteristics, tunable properties displaying remarkable performance including colossal dielectric constant, low electrical and thermal conductivity, high-temperature phase stability, excellent magnetic, structural optical properties and extraordinary catalytic behavior. The single-phase crystal structure of multicomponent oxides is stabilized via configurational entropy (S config). An incrementation in the number of elements magnifies S config which dominates the free energy landscape, overcomes enthalpy in Gibb’s free energy, and reaches a maximum magnitude while entire elements are in equiatomic fractions. Therefore, accurate control of configurational entropy is the main motive force used to achieve phase pure HEOs by the incorporation of more than four cations in the system in equiatomic proportions with random distributions. HEOs are becoming hotcakes in the field of research as it emphasizes on compositions proximally near the centers of the multicomponent phase diagram, where unexpected behaviors can be anticipated. Thus, presenting a crucial research frontier for the material scientists to explore. As the novel design approach of entropy stabilization is still immature, these new oxide candidates can be engineered for practical applications in batteries, capacitors, nuclear reactors, and thermal barrier coatings. This review addresses the properties like electrochemical, electrical, magnetic, mechanical, catalytic, thermal, etc., of HEOs to date, with additionally focusing on their classification, theoretical predictions, and fundamental understanding of entropy engineering including entropy dominated phase stabilization effect.","PeriodicalId":55203,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences","volume":"30 11 1","pages":"142 - 193"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82741773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-24DOI: 10.1080/10408436.2021.1886044
H. Hamza, K. M. Deen, A. Khaliq, E. Asselin, W. Haider
Abstract Additive manufacturing (AM) of metallic alloys offers a new avenue to print objects having complex geometries. This exclusive benefit of AM has made it an alternative route to conventional manufacturing. Importantly, additively manufactured (AMed) alloys often exhibit improved microstructures, which may provide better properties. The microstructure of an alloy can be tuned by controlling the processing parameters. This study includes an overview of the processing parameters that can influence the microstructural, mechanical, and corrosion properties of AMed alloys. Moreover, the effects of heat treatment on AMed alloys are also discussed. Among various processing parameters, it is observed that the laser power significantly influences the microstructure. The microstructures produced with high laser power are similar to heat-treated samples for 316L stainless steel (SS) and Ti6Al4V. Similarly, variation in scanning speed results in distinct morphology of grains in Ti6Al4V. Moreover, different AM processes, such as SLM and EBM, produce coarse and fine β grains, respectively, in Ti6Al4V. The fabrication of AlSi10Mg yields various sizes of melt pool due to different scanning strategies. Furthermore, mechanical properties such as microhardness is higher and the yield strength is lower for Ti6Al4V fabricated at lower laser power. The corrosion behavior of SLMed Ti6Al4V is different on the perpendicular and parallel planes to the build direction. Due to the increase in grain size after heat treatment, the corrosion resistance of AMed Ti6Al4V and AlSi10Mg is reduced. In contrast, heat treatment applied on 316L, Ti6Al4V, AlSi10Mg, and Inconel 718 is beneficial for mechanical properties. After the development of materials with optimized processing parameters, the research should be conducted on replacement of the wrought alloys with the AMed alloys. It is expected that new applications such as fuel cells and biomedical devices will utilize the AM technology to build parts in the recent future.
{"title":"Microstructural, corrosion and mechanical properties of additively manufactured alloys: a review","authors":"H. Hamza, K. M. Deen, A. Khaliq, E. Asselin, W. Haider","doi":"10.1080/10408436.2021.1886044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408436.2021.1886044","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Additive manufacturing (AM) of metallic alloys offers a new avenue to print objects having complex geometries. This exclusive benefit of AM has made it an alternative route to conventional manufacturing. Importantly, additively manufactured (AMed) alloys often exhibit improved microstructures, which may provide better properties. The microstructure of an alloy can be tuned by controlling the processing parameters. This study includes an overview of the processing parameters that can influence the microstructural, mechanical, and corrosion properties of AMed alloys. Moreover, the effects of heat treatment on AMed alloys are also discussed. Among various processing parameters, it is observed that the laser power significantly influences the microstructure. The microstructures produced with high laser power are similar to heat-treated samples for 316L stainless steel (SS) and Ti6Al4V. Similarly, variation in scanning speed results in distinct morphology of grains in Ti6Al4V. Moreover, different AM processes, such as SLM and EBM, produce coarse and fine β grains, respectively, in Ti6Al4V. The fabrication of AlSi10Mg yields various sizes of melt pool due to different scanning strategies. Furthermore, mechanical properties such as microhardness is higher and the yield strength is lower for Ti6Al4V fabricated at lower laser power. The corrosion behavior of SLMed Ti6Al4V is different on the perpendicular and parallel planes to the build direction. Due to the increase in grain size after heat treatment, the corrosion resistance of AMed Ti6Al4V and AlSi10Mg is reduced. In contrast, heat treatment applied on 316L, Ti6Al4V, AlSi10Mg, and Inconel 718 is beneficial for mechanical properties. After the development of materials with optimized processing parameters, the research should be conducted on replacement of the wrought alloys with the AMed alloys. It is expected that new applications such as fuel cells and biomedical devices will utilize the AM technology to build parts in the recent future.","PeriodicalId":55203,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences","volume":"58 1","pages":"46 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74364722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-23DOI: 10.1080/10408436.2021.1886043
U. M. Attia
Abstract Cold-isostatic pressing (CIP) is a powder-based, near-net-shape technology for the production of metal and ceramic components. CIP has been commonly used for processing ceramics, but not as widely used for metals. Recent developments in process capability and powder metallurgy, however, have allowed CIP to be increasingly used in the manufacture of high-performance metal parts. Advantages such as solid-state processing, uniform microstructure, shape complexity, low tooling cost and process scalability have made CIP a viable processing route for metals. In addition, the potential to produce near-net-shape parts with minimal material waste has made the process more widely acceptable in niche applications, such as aerospace and automotive. This review assesses the state of the technology in terms of capabilities and limitations, materials, tool design and fabrication, process modeling, post processing and assessment. The review also highlights challenges and research gaps in using CIP for producing metal parts, with a focus on potential areas of improvement and recent developments that address these challenges.
{"title":"Cold-isostatic pressing of metal powders: a review of the technology and recent developments","authors":"U. M. Attia","doi":"10.1080/10408436.2021.1886043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408436.2021.1886043","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cold-isostatic pressing (CIP) is a powder-based, near-net-shape technology for the production of metal and ceramic components. CIP has been commonly used for processing ceramics, but not as widely used for metals. Recent developments in process capability and powder metallurgy, however, have allowed CIP to be increasingly used in the manufacture of high-performance metal parts. Advantages such as solid-state processing, uniform microstructure, shape complexity, low tooling cost and process scalability have made CIP a viable processing route for metals. In addition, the potential to produce near-net-shape parts with minimal material waste has made the process more widely acceptable in niche applications, such as aerospace and automotive. This review assesses the state of the technology in terms of capabilities and limitations, materials, tool design and fabrication, process modeling, post processing and assessment. The review also highlights challenges and research gaps in using CIP for producing metal parts, with a focus on potential areas of improvement and recent developments that address these challenges.","PeriodicalId":55203,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences","volume":"76 1","pages":"587 - 610"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76117092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-23DOI: 10.1080/10408436.2021.1886041
M. Noman, N. Amor, Michal Petrů
Abstract Zinc oxide (ZnO) based nanostructures have gained remarkable attention worldwide for their photocatalytic activation behavior as a semi-conductor metal oxide photocatalyst in different industries, i.e. paints, cosmetic, rubber and composites coating. The main motivation of this thematic review is to analyze the mechanism of photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanostructures (ZONSs) in detail, and their application in photovoltaic, biomedical and sensing fields based on photocatalytic performance and other crucial properties that enable nano ZnO as a potential and competitive candidate in commercial markets. ZONSs were characterized with a wide range of analytical tools including X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron microscopies (SEM, FESEM, TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and UV–VIS spectroscopy etc. These characterization tools provide us typical information about the crystal structure, level of crystallinity, shape, size, dimension and the change in physical, optical and chemical properties of ZONSs. Synthesis routes, process variables and their combined effect on the performance characterization of ZONSs have also been discussed in detail. The aim of this review is to provide an up-to-date knowledge to the readers about the applications of nano ZnO in diverse industries either in catalytic or in sensing form.
{"title":"Synthesis and applications of ZnO nanostructures (ZONSs): a review","authors":"M. Noman, N. Amor, Michal Petrů","doi":"10.1080/10408436.2021.1886041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408436.2021.1886041","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Zinc oxide (ZnO) based nanostructures have gained remarkable attention worldwide for their photocatalytic activation behavior as a semi-conductor metal oxide photocatalyst in different industries, i.e. paints, cosmetic, rubber and composites coating. The main motivation of this thematic review is to analyze the mechanism of photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanostructures (ZONSs) in detail, and their application in photovoltaic, biomedical and sensing fields based on photocatalytic performance and other crucial properties that enable nano ZnO as a potential and competitive candidate in commercial markets. ZONSs were characterized with a wide range of analytical tools including X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron microscopies (SEM, FESEM, TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and UV–VIS spectroscopy etc. These characterization tools provide us typical information about the crystal structure, level of crystallinity, shape, size, dimension and the change in physical, optical and chemical properties of ZONSs. Synthesis routes, process variables and their combined effect on the performance characterization of ZONSs have also been discussed in detail. The aim of this review is to provide an up-to-date knowledge to the readers about the applications of nano ZnO in diverse industries either in catalytic or in sensing form.","PeriodicalId":55203,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":"99 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90515621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-18DOI: 10.1080/10408436.2021.1886048
T. Kar, S. Godavarthi, S. K. Pasha, Kalim Deshmukh, L. Martinez-Gomez, M. K. Kesarla
Abstract Supercapacitors have recently emerged as a potential technology with superior charge storage capacity and power density. Layered materials, by the virtue of their morphology and high surface area, are deemed to be potential candidates for storing charge or energy. In this review, the supercapacitive properties and electrochemical stability of different layered materials (MnO2, graphene, g-C3N4, MoS2, and MXenes) in a wide range of electrolytes is discussed. Moreover, an overview of the heterojunctions or composites of these 2D materials is included, emphasizing their synergistic effect towards improved supercapacitive performance and cyclic stability. Most importantly, the capacitive behavior dependence on the working electrode morphology, crystal structure, and type of electrolyte is explained. A future perspective on the design and use of these layered materials and their heterojunctions for commercial applications is presented.
{"title":"Layered materials and their heterojunctions for supercapacitor applications: a review","authors":"T. Kar, S. Godavarthi, S. K. Pasha, Kalim Deshmukh, L. Martinez-Gomez, M. K. Kesarla","doi":"10.1080/10408436.2021.1886048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408436.2021.1886048","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Supercapacitors have recently emerged as a potential technology with superior charge storage capacity and power density. Layered materials, by the virtue of their morphology and high surface area, are deemed to be potential candidates for storing charge or energy. In this review, the supercapacitive properties and electrochemical stability of different layered materials (MnO2, graphene, g-C3N4, MoS2, and MXenes) in a wide range of electrolytes is discussed. Moreover, an overview of the heterojunctions or composites of these 2D materials is included, emphasizing their synergistic effect towards improved supercapacitive performance and cyclic stability. Most importantly, the capacitive behavior dependence on the working electrode morphology, crystal structure, and type of electrolyte is explained. A future perspective on the design and use of these layered materials and their heterojunctions for commercial applications is presented.","PeriodicalId":55203,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences","volume":"146 1","pages":"357 - 388"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88635493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-14DOI: 10.1080/10408436.2021.1886045
N. Phuc, K. Hikima, H. Muto, A. Matsuda
Abstract All-solid-state Li–S batteries offer certain advantages compared with Li–S batteries that employ an organic liquid electrolyte owing to termination of the shuttle effect. This article reviews research and development on all-solid-state Li–S batteries from their conception to the present day. First, we carefully reflect on batteries that use sulfur powder, metal sulfide, and lithium sulfur as positive active materials. Then, the use of graphite, silicon, and lithium metal in all-solid-state batteries is discussed. The invention of batteries containing only one material as both the active material and ionic conductor is especially highlighted because of the advantages of all-solid-state batteries using sulfidic materials compared with other types of batteries.
{"title":"Recent developments in materials design for all-solid-state Li–S batteries","authors":"N. Phuc, K. Hikima, H. Muto, A. Matsuda","doi":"10.1080/10408436.2021.1886045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408436.2021.1886045","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract All-solid-state Li–S batteries offer certain advantages compared with Li–S batteries that employ an organic liquid electrolyte owing to termination of the shuttle effect. This article reviews research and development on all-solid-state Li–S batteries from their conception to the present day. First, we carefully reflect on batteries that use sulfur powder, metal sulfide, and lithium sulfur as positive active materials. Then, the use of graphite, silicon, and lithium metal in all-solid-state batteries is discussed. The invention of batteries containing only one material as both the active material and ionic conductor is especially highlighted because of the advantages of all-solid-state batteries using sulfidic materials compared with other types of batteries.","PeriodicalId":55203,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences","volume":"69 1","pages":"283 - 308"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80831376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-24DOI: 10.1080/10408436.2020.1860902
Riaz Ahamed, R. Ghomashchi, Zonghan Xie, Lei Chen
Abstract Ni-Mn-X (X = group IIIA-VA elements) Heusler alloys have been seen to exhibit multiferroic effects such as magnetic/metamagnetic shape memory (MSM/MMSM), magnetocaloric (MC), direct energy conversion etc. and have a large potential for diverse applications in actuation, magnetic refrigeration and conversion of low grade waste heat into electricity. Beneath the multifunctional potential of these alloys is a magnetostructural coupling encompassing structural and magnetic transformations, which in turn depends on alloy compositions. As compositions are varied different crystal structures are evolved and it becomes essential that the structures are accurately characterized for their microstructures. This paper provides a short review of characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) with examples from our work as well as literature. Emphasis is laid on XRD, TEM and DSC, which are very important for microstructural characterization.
{"title":"Techniques to characterize ternary and quaternary ferromagnetic shape memory alloys","authors":"Riaz Ahamed, R. Ghomashchi, Zonghan Xie, Lei Chen","doi":"10.1080/10408436.2020.1860902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408436.2020.1860902","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ni-Mn-X (X = group IIIA-VA elements) Heusler alloys have been seen to exhibit multiferroic effects such as magnetic/metamagnetic shape memory (MSM/MMSM), magnetocaloric (MC), direct energy conversion etc. and have a large potential for diverse applications in actuation, magnetic refrigeration and conversion of low grade waste heat into electricity. Beneath the multifunctional potential of these alloys is a magnetostructural coupling encompassing structural and magnetic transformations, which in turn depends on alloy compositions. As compositions are varied different crystal structures are evolved and it becomes essential that the structures are accurately characterized for their microstructures. This paper provides a short review of characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) with examples from our work as well as literature. Emphasis is laid on XRD, TEM and DSC, which are very important for microstructural characterization.","PeriodicalId":55203,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences","volume":"74 1","pages":"532 - 552"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86069447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-14DOI: 10.1080/10408436.2020.1852911
O. Maximova, S. Streltsov, A. Vasiliev
Abstract In 1983, F. Duncan M. Haldane predicted a singlet ground state for isolated integer-spin one-dimensional antiferromagnets with low single-ion anisotropy D. Since then, a lot of species containing chains of integer spin ions were tested to check the basic conjecture on an energy gap separating the continuum of the excited states from the ground state. As a result of these studies, it has been established that there are numerous states competing with the Haldane phase, namely long-range ordered, dimerized, and large-D phases. The long-range magnetic order takes place due to sufficiently strong exchange interactions between adjacent chains. Dimerization results from the alternation of the exchange interactions within the chains. Both uniaxial and rhombic single-ion anisotropies can suppress the Haldane phase, which is robust only until some critical values. The choice between the competing phases depends also on exchange anisotropy. Excellent reviews on the basic results obtained during the first 20 years of investigation of these phenomena provided solid background for the future studies. Here, we present some developments in this field obtained over the next two decades of research on spin-1 chain systems.
1983年，F. Duncan M. Haldane预测了具有低单离子各向异性d的孤立的整数自旋一维反铁磁体的单重态基态。此后，人们测试了许多含有整数自旋离子链的种，以验证关于激发态连续体与基态之间存在能隙的基本猜想。作为这些研究的结果，已经确定存在许多与霍尔丹相竞争的状态，即远程有序相，二聚相和大d相。由于相邻链之间足够强的交换作用，产生了长程磁序。二聚化是由链内交换相互作用的交替引起的。单轴和斜方形单离子各向异性都能抑制霍尔丹相，但霍尔丹相只有在某些临界值之前是稳健的。竞争相之间的选择也取决于交换各向异性。对前20年对这些现象的研究所取得的基本结果进行了极好的综述，为今后的研究提供了坚实的背景。在这里，我们介绍了自旋-1链体系在未来二十年的研究中取得的一些进展。
{"title":"Long range ordered, dimerized, large-D and Haldane phases in spin 1 chain compounds","authors":"O. Maximova, S. Streltsov, A. Vasiliev","doi":"10.1080/10408436.2020.1852911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408436.2020.1852911","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In 1983, F. Duncan M. Haldane predicted a singlet ground state for isolated integer-spin one-dimensional antiferromagnets with low single-ion anisotropy D. Since then, a lot of species containing chains of integer spin ions were tested to check the basic conjecture on an energy gap separating the continuum of the excited states from the ground state. As a result of these studies, it has been established that there are numerous states competing with the Haldane phase, namely long-range ordered, dimerized, and large-D phases. The long-range magnetic order takes place due to sufficiently strong exchange interactions between adjacent chains. Dimerization results from the alternation of the exchange interactions within the chains. Both uniaxial and rhombic single-ion anisotropies can suppress the Haldane phase, which is robust only until some critical values. The choice between the competing phases depends also on exchange anisotropy. Excellent reviews on the basic results obtained during the first 20 years of investigation of these phenomena provided solid background for the future studies. Here, we present some developments in this field obtained over the next two decades of research on spin-1 chain systems.","PeriodicalId":55203,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"371 - 383"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77378219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-11DOI: 10.1080/10408436.2020.1852912
S. Ilyaei, R. Sourki, Y. H. A. Akbari
Abstract Composites are used in a variety of applications due to their excellent properties. However, structural polymers are sensitive and susceptible to thermal and mechanical damage in form of micro-cracks, which are onset to grow deep within the structure where detection and repair are practically impossible. To overcome these problems, broad range of self-healing structures have emerged. This technology has led to an increase in the material’s lifetime and safety while reducing the repair and replacement costs. Capsule-based healing systems are a well-known technology that has many uses in smart protective coatings, dental composites, concrete components, and generally for polymer and fiber-reinforced composites. This article summarizes the research work on the capsule-based self-healing system over the last two decades. In this regard, after a brief introduction, various types of microencapsulation-based methods used in healing systems are classified. After explaining the manufacturing process of capsules, parameters affecting the microencapsulation quality particularly, agitation rate, core to shell weight ratio, monomer viscosity, solvent property, reaction time, temperature, pH, and U/F ratio are explained in detail. Finally, the most common healing efficiency evaluation methods are described. This review provides the reader with an overview of achievements to date, and insight into future development for industrial and engineering applications. Graphical Abstract Abbreviations 2MZ-Azine 2,4-diamino-6[-2-methyl-imidazolyl(1)]-ethyl-cis-triazine 2PhI 2-phenyl Imidazole BGE N-butyl Glycidyl Ether CAI Compression After Impact CB Carbon Black CC Compliance Calibration CNS Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) ) Nano-spherulites CNTs Carbon Nanotubes DCB Double Cantilever Beam DCM Dichloromethane DCPD Dicyclopentadiene DGEBA Diglycidyl Ether of Bisphenol A DTHP Diglycidyl Tetrahydro-o-Phthalate EDA Ethylenediamine ENB Ethylidene Norbornene EPA Ethyl Phenyl Acetate FCG Fatigue Crack Growing FRP Fiber-Reinforced Polymer GHS Globally Harmonized System of the Classification and Labeling of Chemicals GO Graphene Oxide HGFs Hollow Glass Fibers IPDI Isophorone Diisocyanate MBT Modified Beam Theory MCC Modified Compliance Calibration MF Melamine-Formaldehyde MWCNT Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube NaCMC Carboxymethyl Cellulose O/W Oil-in-Water PA Phenyl Acetate PAA Phthalic Anhydride PAANa Sodium Polyacrylate PCL Polycaprolactone PCP Polycyclopentadiene PDA Polydopamine PDMS Poly (Dimethyl-Siloxane) PEA Polyetheramine PhCl Chlorobenzene PMCs Polymer Matrix Composites PMMA Poly (Methyl-Methacrylate) PMUF Poly (Melamine-Urea-Formaldehyde) PU Polyurethane PVA Polyvinyl Alcohol ROMP Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization SEM Scanning Electron Microscope SENB Single-Edge Notched Bending SIFs Stress Intensity Factors SWCNT Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube TDCB Trapped Double Cantilever Beam TGA Thermogravimetric Analysis UF Urea-Formaldehyde UFM UF Microcapsules W/O Water-in-Oi
摘要复合材料因其优异的性能而被广泛应用。然而，结构聚合物是敏感的，容易受到微裂纹形式的热损伤和机械损伤，这些微裂纹开始在结构内部深入生长，而检测和修复实际上是不可能的。为了克服这些问题，出现了各种各样的自我修复结构。这项技术提高了材料的使用寿命和安全性，同时降低了维修和更换成本。基于胶囊的愈合系统是一项众所周知的技术，在智能保护涂层、牙科复合材料、混凝土组件以及通常用于聚合物和纤维增强复合材料中有许多用途。本文综述了近二十年来基于胶囊的自愈系统的研究工作。在这方面，在简要介绍之后，对治疗系统中使用的各种类型的基于微胶囊的方法进行分类。在阐述了微胶囊的制备工艺后，详细阐述了影响微胶囊质量的参数，特别是搅拌速率、芯壳比、单体粘度、溶剂性质、反应时间、温度、pH和U/F比。最后，介绍了常用的治疗效果评价方法。这篇综述为读者提供了迄今为止的成就概述，并深入了解了工业和工程应用的未来发展。图摘要缩写2MZ-Azine 2,4-二氨基-6[-2-甲基咪唑(1)]-乙基顺式三嗪2PhI 2-苯基咪唑BGE n -丁基缩水甘油醚撞击后压缩CB炭黑CC一致性校准CNS氢氧化钙(Ca(OH))纳米球粒CNTs碳纳米管DCB双悬臂梁DCM二氯甲烷DCPD双环戊二烯二缩水甘油双酚A二氢二甲酸二缩水甘油EDA乙二胺ENB乙二烯降冰片烯EPA乙基全球化学品统一分类和标记体系氧化石墨烯中空玻璃纤维IPDI异福尔酮二异氰酸酯MBT修正束理论MCC修正一致性校准MF三聚氰胺甲醛MWCNT多壁碳纳米管NaCMC羧甲基纤维素O/W水包油PA乙酸苯酯PAA邻苯酐PAANa聚丙烯酸钠PCL聚己内酯PCP聚环戊二烯聚多巴胺聚二甲基硅氧烷聚乙胺氯苯聚醚基复合材料聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯聚三聚氰胺聚脲醛PU聚氨酯聚三聚氰胺聚脲醛聚乙烯醇开环复分解聚合扫描电镜扫描电镜单边缺口弯曲应力强度因子swcnts单壁碳纳米管捕获双悬臂梁热重分析修复效率临界应力强度因子(ⅰ型)裂纹长度裂纹张开位移试件长度试件宽度试件厚度临界断裂载荷杨氏模量柔度临界能量释放率(ⅰ型)内功(应变能)疲劳循环次数
{"title":"Capsule-based healing systems in composite materials: a review","authors":"S. Ilyaei, R. Sourki, Y. H. A. Akbari","doi":"10.1080/10408436.2020.1852912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408436.2020.1852912","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Composites are used in a variety of applications due to their excellent properties. However, structural polymers are sensitive and susceptible to thermal and mechanical damage in form of micro-cracks, which are onset to grow deep within the structure where detection and repair are practically impossible. To overcome these problems, broad range of self-healing structures have emerged. This technology has led to an increase in the material’s lifetime and safety while reducing the repair and replacement costs. Capsule-based healing systems are a well-known technology that has many uses in smart protective coatings, dental composites, concrete components, and generally for polymer and fiber-reinforced composites. This article summarizes the research work on the capsule-based self-healing system over the last two decades. In this regard, after a brief introduction, various types of microencapsulation-based methods used in healing systems are classified. After explaining the manufacturing process of capsules, parameters affecting the microencapsulation quality particularly, agitation rate, core to shell weight ratio, monomer viscosity, solvent property, reaction time, temperature, pH, and U/F ratio are explained in detail. Finally, the most common healing efficiency evaluation methods are described. This review provides the reader with an overview of achievements to date, and insight into future development for industrial and engineering applications. Graphical Abstract Abbreviations 2MZ-Azine 2,4-diamino-6[-2-methyl-imidazolyl(1)]-ethyl-cis-triazine 2PhI 2-phenyl Imidazole BGE N-butyl Glycidyl Ether CAI Compression After Impact CB Carbon Black CC Compliance Calibration CNS Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) ) Nano-spherulites CNTs Carbon Nanotubes DCB Double Cantilever Beam DCM Dichloromethane DCPD Dicyclopentadiene DGEBA Diglycidyl Ether of Bisphenol A DTHP Diglycidyl Tetrahydro-o-Phthalate EDA Ethylenediamine ENB Ethylidene Norbornene EPA Ethyl Phenyl Acetate FCG Fatigue Crack Growing FRP Fiber-Reinforced Polymer GHS Globally Harmonized System of the Classification and Labeling of Chemicals GO Graphene Oxide HGFs Hollow Glass Fibers IPDI Isophorone Diisocyanate MBT Modified Beam Theory MCC Modified Compliance Calibration MF Melamine-Formaldehyde MWCNT Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube NaCMC Carboxymethyl Cellulose O/W Oil-in-Water PA Phenyl Acetate PAA Phthalic Anhydride PAANa Sodium Polyacrylate PCL Polycaprolactone PCP Polycyclopentadiene PDA Polydopamine PDMS Poly (Dimethyl-Siloxane) PEA Polyetheramine PhCl Chlorobenzene PMCs Polymer Matrix Composites PMMA Poly (Methyl-Methacrylate) PMUF Poly (Melamine-Urea-Formaldehyde) PU Polyurethane PVA Polyvinyl Alcohol ROMP Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization SEM Scanning Electron Microscope SENB Single-Edge Notched Bending SIFs Stress Intensity Factors SWCNT Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube TDCB Trapped Double Cantilever Beam TGA Thermogravimetric Analysis UF Urea-Formaldehyde UFM UF Microcapsules W/O Water-in-Oi","PeriodicalId":55203,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences","volume":"63 1","pages":"491 - 531"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83944406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-02DOI: 10.1080/10408436.2020.1830750
Susmita Dolai, S. Bhunia, Sathish Rajendran, Varsha UshaVipinachandran, S. Ray, P. Kluson
Abstract Carbon dots (C-dots) are emergent nanomaterials of carbon-based materials family and have gained significant research interest because of their environmental friendliness, brightness, tunable fluorescence, chemical inertness, low cost, simple synthetic route and availability for wide variety of starting materials. These are considered as potential competitor to conventional semiconductor quantum dots in terms of lower toxicity. It is found that their involvement in adverse fields of chemical and bio-sensing, bio-imaging, drug delivery, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis and light-emitting devices makes as an ideal and potential candidate. Interestingly they are treated as important and versatile platform for engineering multifunctional nanosensors. This review focuses on the remarkable research progress of high quality tunable fluorescent C-dots synthesis via familiar top-down and bottom-up approaches. Their fluorescence origin has been nicely demonstrated by quantum confinement effect, surface state and molecular fluorescence properties. Finally, selective and sensitive atmospheric prevailed volatile organic compounds recognition has been explained with C-dots in both solution and solid phase along with discussion on challenging and future research direction.
{"title":"Tunable fluorescent carbon dots: synthesis progress, fluorescence origin, selective and sensitive volatile organic compounds detection","authors":"Susmita Dolai, S. Bhunia, Sathish Rajendran, Varsha UshaVipinachandran, S. Ray, P. Kluson","doi":"10.1080/10408436.2020.1830750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408436.2020.1830750","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Carbon dots (C-dots) are emergent nanomaterials of carbon-based materials family and have gained significant research interest because of their environmental friendliness, brightness, tunable fluorescence, chemical inertness, low cost, simple synthetic route and availability for wide variety of starting materials. These are considered as potential competitor to conventional semiconductor quantum dots in terms of lower toxicity. It is found that their involvement in adverse fields of chemical and bio-sensing, bio-imaging, drug delivery, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis and light-emitting devices makes as an ideal and potential candidate. Interestingly they are treated as important and versatile platform for engineering multifunctional nanosensors. This review focuses on the remarkable research progress of high quality tunable fluorescent C-dots synthesis via familiar top-down and bottom-up approaches. Their fluorescence origin has been nicely demonstrated by quantum confinement effect, surface state and molecular fluorescence properties. Finally, selective and sensitive atmospheric prevailed volatile organic compounds recognition has been explained with C-dots in both solution and solid phase along with discussion on challenging and future research direction.","PeriodicalId":55203,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":"349 - 370"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90914035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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