Computers and Geotechnics最新文献

A novel fluid–solid interaction framework by coupling three dimensional explicit discontinuous deformation analysis and material point method 将三维显式不连续变形分析与物质点法相结合，建立了一种新的流固相互作用框架

IF 6.2 1区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers and Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107998

Jingyu Kang , Xiaodong Fu , Hao Sheng , Jian Chen , Yongqiang Zhou , Tian Xi

Fluid-solid interactions (FSI) are ubiquitous in natural processes and engineering fields. Although numerous attempts have been made to describe the FSI, it still remains a significant challenge to accurately capture the complex dynamic interaction between fluids and arbitrarily shaped solids. In this study, a novel FSI framework is proposed by coupling three dimensional (3D) explicit discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) and material point method (MPM). DDA demonstrates superior capability in handing solids with arbitrary shape, while MPM exhibits distinct advantages in capturing free surface flow. The contact detection algorithm between DDA blocks and MPM particles are presented in detail. Normal interaction force is calculated by penalty function method, while tangential interaction force is determined by momentum exchanges. Several benchmarks, including water entry test of a single sphere, underwater landslide, and Scott Russell’s wave generation are adopted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid method. Finally, the impact force of dam break flow on downstream structures is investigated, and the fitting formulas relating impact force to structural height and distance to dam are obtained. The entire process of wedge landslide induced surge is also simulated, and the landslide movement characteristics, surge propagation, and energy evolution mechanisms are discussed comprehensively. These classic disaster simulations demonstrate the immense potential and feasibility of the 3D DDA-MPM method for addressing complex FSI problems in geotechnical engineering.

流固相互作用（FSI）在自然过程和工程领域中无处不在。尽管人们已经做了许多尝试来描述FSI，但准确捕捉流体与任意形状固体之间复杂的动态相互作用仍然是一个重大挑战。在这项研究中，提出了一种新的三维（3D）显式不连续变形分析（DDA）和物质点法（MPM）相结合的FSI框架。DDA在处理任意形状的固体方面表现出优越的能力，而MPM在捕获自由表面流动方面表现出明显的优势。详细介绍了DDA块与MPM粒子之间的接触检测算法。法向相互作用力采用罚函数法计算，切向相互作用力采用动量交换法计算。采用单球入水试验、水下滑坡、Scott Russell波浪生成等基准测试，验证了混合方法的有效性。最后，研究了溃坝水流对下游构筑物的冲击力，得到了冲击力与构筑物高度和离坝距离的拟合公式。模拟了楔形滑坡诱发涌浪的全过程，对滑坡运动特征、涌浪传播及能量演化机制进行了全面探讨。这些经典的灾难模拟证明了三维DDA-MPM方法在解决岩土工程中复杂的FSI问题方面的巨大潜力和可行性。

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引用次数: 0

CFD-DEM simulation of sand liquefaction with non-spherical particles and inherent anisotropic effects 含非球形颗粒及固有各向异性的砂土液化CFD-DEM模拟

IF 6.2 1区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers and Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107929

Hongmei Gao , Wenhao Xu , Yinqiang Liu , Zhifu Shen , Xinlei Zhang , Zhihua Wang

The evaluation of sand liquefaction has long faced two major technical bottlenecks. Firstly, conventional centrifuge tests and finite element numerical simulations struggle to precisely control granular deposition anisotropy (e.g., deposition angle) and accurately characterize the interactions between fluid and non-spherical particles. Secondly, due to insufficient control of dynamic similarity, the Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Element Method (CFD-DEM) coupled methods encounter significant computational efficiency challenges in the large-scale site simulations. To address these issues, this study innovatively proposes an improved CFD-DEM coupling framework, achieving methodological integration and parameter optimization in two key aspects: (1) incorporation of a non-spherical particle model to accurately characterize the directional effects of particle shape on fluid resistance; and (2) through refined adjustment of key parameter matching relationships including fluid viscosity, coupling forces, and particle Reynolds number, enabling equivalent simulation of high-gravity models while strictly maintaining physical consistency, thereby significantly improving computational efficiency. Within this framework, periodic boundary conditions were effectively employed to eliminate rigid boundary interference and achieve high-precision control of initial fabric anisotropy. Using this methodological system, the study successfully reproduced the liquefaction response differences in the sand layers with three deposition angles (0°, 45°, and 90°). It reveals that deposition angle exerts significant control on the soil liquefaction resistance: horizontally deposited (0°) sand layers demonstrate the optimal anti-liquefaction capacity due to their stable force chain network structure, while vertically deposited (90°) sand layers exhibit the highest liquefaction susceptibility owing to rapid particle suspension (suspension coefficient β_t→1.0) and pronounced pore compression effects. The findings offer some micro-mechanistic insights for seismic liquefaction risk assessment in the sites with natural deposition anisotropy.

砂土液化评价长期以来面临两大技术瓶颈。首先，传统的离心机试验和有限元数值模拟难以精确控制颗粒沉积的各向异性（如沉积角度）和准确表征流体与非球形颗粒之间的相互作用。其次，计算流体动力学-离散元法（CFD-DEM）耦合方法由于对动力相似度控制不足，在大尺度现场模拟中计算效率面临较大挑战。为了解决这些问题，本研究创新性地提出了一种改进的CFD-DEM耦合框架，在两个关键方面实现了方法集成和参数优化：(1)结合非球形颗粒模型，准确表征颗粒形状对流体阻力的定向影响；(2)通过对流体粘度、耦合力、粒子雷诺数等关键参数匹配关系的精细调整，在严格保持物理一致性的前提下，实现了高重力模型的等效模拟，显著提高了计算效率。在此框架下，利用周期边界条件有效地消除了刚性边界干扰，实现了织物初始各向异性的高精度控制。利用该方法系统，该研究成功地再现了三种沉积角度（0°、45°和90°）下砂层液化响应的差异。结果表明，沉积角度对土壤液化阻力具有显著的控制作用，水平沉积（0°）砂层具有稳定的力链网络结构，具有最佳的抗液化能力，而垂直沉积（90°）砂层由于颗粒快速悬浮（悬浮系数βt→1.0）和明显的孔隙压缩效应，具有最高的液化敏感性。研究结果为自然沉积各向异性场地的地震液化风险评估提供了一些微观机制见解。

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引用次数: 0

On the integration of an ACST-based bounding surface model 基于acst的边界面模型的集成

IF 6.2 1区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers and Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107911

Srinivas Vivek Bokkisa , Jorge Macedo , Pedro Arduino

Anisotropic critical state theory (ACST) provides a framework for incorporating fabric effects in constitutive models. However, most previous efforts have focused on constitutive aspects with comparatively limited attention to numerical implementations. This study presents a comprehensive assessment of explicit and implicit implementations of the ACST-based bounding surface model, SANISAND-F. Assessments are conducted in terms of stability, accuracy, computational efficiency, and both local and global performance.

In the implicit implementation, the critical importance of accurate gradient calculations is highlighted, introducing a verification procedure that enables quadratic convergence. The explicit and implicit implementations exhibit stability, producing smooth and bounded responses across a wide range of strain increments and numerical tolerances. However, their accuracy differs significantly. The implicit implementation is sensitive to the initial loading state, strain increment, and loading direction, showing minor dependence on the solver tolerance. In contrast, the explicit implementation is influenced by both strain increment and substepping tolerance, and at practical tolerance and strain increment levels, it often outperforms the implicit scheme in accuracy. Regarding efficiency, the explicit implementation proves more efficient at the local integration level. However, at the global level, the implicit implementation with the consistent tangent exhibits a faster rate of convergence in global equilibrium iterations. Nonetheless, the overall computational cost at the global level is not definitive when comparing explicit and implicit schemes; it varies with simulations and loading-specific parameters, as demonstrated through the included boundary-value problems.

各向异性临界状态理论（ACST）为将织物效应纳入本构模型提供了一个框架。然而，大多数以前的努力都集中在本构方面，对数值实现的关注相对有限。本研究对基于acst的边界面模型SANISAND-F的显式和隐式实现进行了全面评估。评估是根据稳定性、准确性、计算效率以及本地和全局性能进行的。在隐式实现中，强调了精确梯度计算的关键重要性，引入了一个验证程序，使二次收敛成为可能。显式和隐式实现表现出稳定性，在广泛的应变增量和数值公差范围内产生平滑和有界的响应。然而，它们的准确性差别很大。隐式实现对初始加载状态、应变增量和加载方向敏感，对求解器公差的依赖较小。相比之下，显式实现受应变增量和步进公差的影响，在实际公差和应变增量水平上，显式实现的精度往往优于隐式方案。关于效率，显式实现证明在本地集成级别更有效。然而，在全局水平上，具有一致切线的隐式实现在全局平衡迭代中表现出更快的收敛速度。尽管如此，当比较显式和隐式方案时，全球一级的总体计算成本并不确定；它随模拟和加载特定参数的变化而变化，正如通过所包含的边值问题所证明的那样。

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引用次数: 0

Element differential solvers for nonlinear Biot’s poroelasticity equations in porous media 多孔介质中非线性Biot孔隙弹性方程的元微分解

IF 6.2 1区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers and Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107999

Yong-Tong Zheng , Bing-Bing Xu

In this paper, an improved element differential method is proposed and applied to the numerical analysis of nonlinear two- and three-dimensional poroelastic problems for the first time. As a strong-form method, the element differential method is flexible compared with the conventional finite element method. Different from the meshless collocation method, the Lagrange element is selected for the discrete geometric model. The explicit expressions of the first and second derivatives of shape functions with respect to global coordinates are derived. Besides, the Chebyshev polynomials which can eliminate the Runge phenomenon are introduced to further improve the accuracy of the method. By using the improved element differential method, the porous media modeled by the

u - p

formulation is considered. It is easy to find that the coupled governing equation is discretized directly without any numerical integration by the element differential method. Some benchmark examples and 3-D consolidation problems are given to demonstrate the accuracy and abilities of the proposed techniques.

本文首次提出了一种改进的单元微分法，并将其应用于非线性二维和三维孔隙弹性问题的数值分析。单元微分法作为一种强形式法，与传统有限元法相比具有灵活性。与无网格配置方法不同，离散几何模型选择拉格朗日单元。导出了形状函数在全局坐标下的一阶导数和二阶导数的显式表达式。此外，还引入了能够消除龙格现象的切比雪夫多项式，进一步提高了方法的精度。采用改进的单元微分法，考虑了u−p公式所模拟的多孔介质。我们很容易发现，用单元微分法对耦合控制方程进行直接离散而不进行数值积分。给出了一些基准算例和三维固结问题，以证明所提技术的准确性和能力。

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引用次数: 0

Coupled seepage–deformation analysis of the dynamics of embankment with elastoplasticity based on the full formulation 基于全公式的弹塑性路堤渗流-变形耦合动力学分析

IF 6.2 1区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers and Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107950

Jiawei Xu , Ryosuke Uzuoka , Kyohei Ueda , Yoshikazu Tanaka

The dynamics of embankment considering elastoplasticity is investigated using the coupled seepage–deformation finite element analysis with the full Biot formation in the u–v–p format, where the solid displacement, relative fluid velocity respect to solid, and pore fluid pressure are taken as the primary variables. The seismic response of embankment is first evaluated using the centrifuge experiment, based on which the typical seepage and deformation characteristics of embankment are investigated. The validation against the centrifuge experimental result demonstrates the capability of the coupled finite element analysis using the full formulation and elastoplasticity to predict embankment responses during seismic loading such as the horizontal acceleration, surface settlement, and pore water pressure, thus proving a robust tool to investigate the porous media dynamics. Regarding the dynamics of embankment during seismic loading with various combinations of soil permeability and loading frequency, the predicated embankment responses such as solid acceleration, pore fluid pressure, and soil deformation based on the full analysis tend to show more significant difference in comparison with those predicted by the simplified analysis that neglects the relative fluid acceleration respect to solid acceleration when the soil permeability or loading frequency increases to a high level. Based on the numerical simulation with elastoplasticity, the difference in various dynamic responses of the embankment especially the soil deformation using the full and simplified analysis approaches can mainly be divided into two distinct zones in the

k / f

–

f^{2}

space (

k

and

f

are the permeability and frequency ratios), where the significant difference is found in scenarios with

k / f

or

f

generally larger than 100 m or 100 Hz.

采用u-v-p格式的渗流-变形耦合有限元分析方法，以固体位移、相对于固体的流体相对速度和孔隙流体压力为主要变量，对考虑弹塑性的路堤动力进行了研究。首先利用离心试验对路堤的地震反应进行了评价，在此基础上研究了路堤的典型渗流和变形特征。通过对离心机实验结果的验证，证明了使用完整公式和弹塑性的耦合有限元分析能够预测地震荷载下路堤的反应，如水平加速度、地表沉降和孔隙水压力，从而证明了一个研究多孔介质动力学的强大工具。针对不同土渗透性和加载频率组合下的地震荷载作用下路堤的动力特性，预测路堤的固体加速度、孔隙流体压力、当土体渗透性或加载频率增加到较高水平时，基于完整分析的土体变形与忽略流体相对加速度与固体相对加速度的简化分析预测的土体变形差异更显著。基于弹塑性数值模拟，在k/f - f2空间（k和f分别为渗透比和频率比）上，路堤各种动力响应特别是土体变形的差异主要可以划分为两个不同的区域，其中k/f - f一般大于100 m或100 Hz的情况下差异显著。

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引用次数: 0

A Y-shaped artificial boundary and earthquake input scheme for step-shaped layered site and soil-structure interaction analyses 阶梯状层状场地的y形人工边界和地震输入方案及土-结构相互作用分析

IF 6.2 1区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers and Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107964

Guoliang Zhang , Mi Zhao , Bowen Hu , Xiuli Du , Yifei Ren , Zhen Wang , Huifang Li

Conventional methods for seismic soil-structure interaction (SSI) are generally limited to horizontally layered half-space sites. Extending them to non-horizontally layered step-shaped sites is challenging due to the lack of effective approaches for evaluating site seismic responses, which are critical for earthquake input in SSI analysis. This study proposes a high-precision Y-shaped artificial boundary and earthquake input scheme for step-shaped layered sites and SSI analyses. First, a Y-shaped artificial boundary is introduced to enclose the numerical model of the two-dimensional (2D) step-shaped layered site and to truncate the remaining domains, which correspond to portions of two different horizontally layered half-spaces. To simulate the radiation damping of the two truncated domains, two artificial boundary conditions are imposed on the Y-shaped boundary, for which two zigzag-paraxial combined boundaries are adopted. The one-dimensional site responses of the two truncated domains are calculated and transformed into two sets of equivalent nodal forces applied to the Y-shaped artificial boundary to implement earthquake input. Furthermore, we also develop a direct method to evaluate the 3D structures, based on the obtained step-shaped layered site responses and a new artificial boundary condition called as the SBPML. Benchmark examples confirm the accuracy, effectiveness, and robustness of the proposed scheme, while comparisons show that conventional hybrid wave input methods may introduce errors up to 20%. The proposed framework enables reliable SSI evaluation in complex step-shaped site conditions.

传统的地震土-结构相互作用（SSI）方法通常局限于水平层状半空间场地。将它们扩展到非水平分层阶梯状场地是具有挑战性的，因为缺乏有效的方法来评估场地的地震反应，而地震反应对于SSI分析中的地震输入至关重要。本文提出了用于阶梯状层状场地和SSI分析的高精度y形人工边界和地震输入方案。首先，引入y形人工边界，将二维阶梯状分层场地的数值模型围起来，截断对应于两个不同水平分层半空间部分的剩余区域。为了模拟两个截断域的辐射阻尼，在y形边界上施加了两个人工边界条件，其中采用了两个锯齿形-傍轴形组合边界。计算两个截断域的一维场地响应，并将其转化为两组等效节点力，施加于y形人工边界上，实现地震输入。此外，我们还开发了一种直接评估三维结构的方法，该方法基于获得的阶梯状分层场地响应和一种新的人工边界条件，称为SBPML。基准示例验证了所提方案的准确性、有效性和鲁棒性，而对比表明，传统的混合波输入方法可能引入高达20%的误差。提出的框架能够在复杂的阶梯状场地条件下进行可靠的SSI评估。

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引用次数: 0

Validation and applicability analysis of a novel soft-shell contact model for coated granular materials: discrete element modelling and experimental study 新型包覆颗粒材料软壳接触模型的验证与适用性分析：离散元建模与实验研究

IF 6.2 1区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers and Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107962

Sen Tian, Longlong Fu, Haonan Xi, Yongjia Qiu, Jiawei Zhang, Shunhua Zhou

Natural granular materials are commonly multiphase, with a typical state being the combination of relatively rigid internal particles and an externally degraded or soft shell. Engineered granular mixtures are frequently in the state with soft shell, such as polymer-reinforced ballast, asphalt mixture, and methane hydrate sediments, etc. For a long time, soft-shell particles are treated as equivalent homogenized particles in both analytical and DEM simulation. Given this, a novel contact model was recently developed to refine the contact relationship of soft-coated spherical particles. In this work, the Soft-Shell (SS) contact model is embedded in EDEM via the API module to obtain the triaxial shear behavior of soft-coated spherical particles. Then experimental triaxial tests with silicone-coated steel balls are conducted to validate the SS contact model. It is shown that DEM modelling with the SS contact model closely matches the experimental results in both macroscopic strength and deformation before peak stress, whereas the contact model with modulus homogenization consistently yielded excessive volumetric contraction, deviating from the experimental observations. Since the shell-to-core thickness ratio and modulus ratio are two key parameters of soft-coated particles, the applicability parameter ranges were suggested when using the SS contact model.

天然颗粒材料通常是多相的，典型的状态是内部相对坚硬的颗粒与外部降解或软壳的组合。工程颗粒混合料通常处于软壳状态，如聚合物增强压舱物、沥青混合料、甲烷水合物沉积物等。长期以来，软壳颗粒在解析和DEM模拟中都被视为等效均质颗粒。鉴于此，最近开发了一种新的接触模型来细化软包覆球形颗粒的接触关系。本文通过API模块将软壳（SS）接触模型嵌入到EDEM中，以获得软包覆球形颗粒的三轴剪切行为。然后用涂硅钢球进行了三轴试验，对SS接触模型进行了验证。结果表明，采用SS接触模型的DEM模型在宏观强度和峰值应力前变形方面与实验结果吻合较好，而采用模量均质化的接触模型则始终产生过大的体积收缩，与实验结果存在偏差。由于壳芯厚度比和模量比是软包覆颗粒的两个关键参数，提出了采用SS接触模型时的适用参数范围。

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引用次数: 0

Excavation-induced open-pit slope failures behaviors from microscopic insights using DEM analysis 基于DEM分析的开挖诱发露天矿边坡微观破坏行为

IF 6.2 1区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers and Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107959

Fan Chen , Junfeng Sun , Chaoyue Yang , Hao Xiong , Thirapong Pipatpongsa , Mohammad Hossein Khosravi , Kun Fang

Excavation-induced slope failures present critical challenges in open-pit mining engineering yielding various failure morphologies, yet the underlying the mechanisms remain insufficiently understood. This work attempts to investigate slope arching failures induced by progressive excavation by employing a multi-scale approach integrating Discrete Element Method simulations and analytical solutions. The combined findings reveal a dominant role of initial material packing density in governing slope failure morphology: densely-packed slopes develop well-defined stress arching with localized deformation and delayed collapse, whereas relatively-loose slopes exhibit early, global failure with minimal stress reorientation. Furthermore, the microscopic density-dependent stress redistribution and rotation of principal stress trajectories have been quantitatively evaluated in both physical model tests and numerical models. In addition, a novel classification criterion based on incremental displacement ratios is proposed for distinguishing different failure phases, offering a more reliable indicator of failure onset compared to traditional accumulated displacement metrics. The findings provide micro-mechanical insights and interpretation into macroscale slope behavior, thus enhance the current understanding of realistic failures in excavation-affected open-pit slopes.

开采诱发边坡破坏是露天采矿工程中面临的严峻挑战，其破坏形态多种多样，但其潜在机制尚不清楚。本文采用离散元法模拟与解析解相结合的多尺度方法，对渐进式开挖引起的边坡拱破坏进行了研究。综合研究结果表明，初始材料堆积密度在控制边坡破坏形态中起主导作用：密集堆积的边坡会形成明确的应力拱，伴有局部变形和延迟崩塌，而相对松散的边坡则会表现出早期的整体破坏，且应力重定向最小。此外，在物理模型试验和数值模型中，对微观密度依赖性应力重分布和主应力轨迹的旋转进行了定量评估。此外，提出了一种新的基于增量位移率的分类准则，用于区分不同的破坏阶段，与传统的累积位移指标相比，提供了更可靠的破坏开始指标。这些发现为宏观尺度边坡行为提供了微观力学见解和解释，从而增强了目前对受开挖影响的露天矿边坡实际破坏的理解。

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引用次数: 0

Bridging factor of safety prediction and strength reduction workflows using an interpretable Transformer-enhanced ensemble model 使用可解释变压器增强集成模型的安全预测和强度降低工作流程的桥接系数

IF 6.2 1区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers and Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107968

Qining Deng , Yulong Cui , Wanyu Hu , Jun Zheng , Chong Xu

Accurate estimation of the factor of safety (FoS) is a fundamental task in slope stability analysis. The strength reduction method (SRM) is widely used for slope stability analysis due to its robustness and physical consistency, while machine learning (ML) techniques have been increasingly adopted to improve computational efficiency. Effectively integrating data-driven FoS prediction into established SRM workflows while maintaining physical interpretability remains an important practical objective. This study proposes an SRM-Transformer stacked ensemble model (TSEM) framework that integrates ML-based FoS prediction with physics-based strength reduction analysis. A large-scale, physics-informed FoS database containing 100,000 slope cases is constructed using Latin hypercube sampling and a validated SRM numerical program. Within this framework, a TSEM predicts FoS from key geometric and geomechanical parameters, and the predicted values are incorporated into the SRM workflow to guide the selection of near-critical strength reduction levels and reduce redundant iterations. Comparative experiments indicate that the proposed TSEM outperforms seven commonly used single and ensemble learning models, achieving an R² of 0.9857 and a mean absolute error of 0.1508 on the test dataset. SHapley Additive exPlanation analysis shows that the learned relationships are consistent with geomechanical principles, identifying slope height, cohesion, internal friction angle, and unit weight as dominant controlling factors. Framework-level evaluations demonstrate that SRM-TSEM reduces total computational time by more than 47 percent and decreases the number of strength reduction steps by nearly 58 percent relative to conventional SRM analysis, while maintaining consistent displacement and failure field patterns with average normalized displacement deviations below 6 percent. The proposed framework enhances the computational efficiency of SRM without altering its physical basis and provides a scalable and physically interpretable solution for slope stability assessment in large-scale and time-sensitive engineering applications.

边坡安全系数的准确估计是边坡稳定分析的一项基本任务。强度折减法（SRM）因其鲁棒性和物理一致性被广泛应用于边坡稳定性分析，而机器学习（ML）技术被越来越多地用于提高计算效率。有效地将数据驱动的fo预测集成到已建立的SRM工作流程中，同时保持物理可解释性仍然是一个重要的实际目标。本研究提出了一种smm - transformer堆叠集成模型（TSEM）框架，该框架将基于ml的FoS预测与基于物理的强度折减分析相结合。使用拉丁超立方体采样和经过验证的SRM数值程序，构建了包含100,000个斜坡案例的大规模物理信息fo数据库。在此框架内，TSEM根据关键几何和地质力学参数预测FoS，并将预测值纳入SRM工作流程，以指导近临界强度降低水平的选择并减少冗余迭代。对比实验表明，本文提出的TSEM优于7种常用的单一和集成学习模型，在测试数据集上的R2为0.9857，平均绝对误差为0.1508。SHapley加性解释分析表明，学习到的关系与地质力学原理一致，确定了坡高、黏聚力、内摩擦角和单位重量是主要的控制因素。框架级评估表明，与传统SRM分析相比，SRM- tsm减少了47%以上的总计算时间，减少了近58%的强度降低步骤，同时保持了一致的位移和破坏场模式，平均归一化位移偏差低于6%。该框架在不改变SRM物理基础的情况下，提高了SRM的计算效率，为大规模和时间敏感的工程应用中的边坡稳定性评估提供了可扩展和物理可解释的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

An improved depth-averaged landslide dam breach model with modified sediment transport and bank collapse algorithms 基于修正输沙和塌岸算法的深度平均滑坡溃坝模型

IF 6.2 1区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers and Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107963

Jiheng Li , Wei Shen , Da Huang , Xilin Xia , Jian Guo , Denghai Liu , Jianchao Chen , Tonglu Li , Jianbing Peng

Most landslide dams fail through overtopping, with the failure process controlled by the combined effects of longitudinal erosion and lateral bank collapse. However, existing depth‐averaged models still face difficulties in simulating the evolution of longitudinal erosion and lateral collapse, mainly due to the lack of precise physical representations. To address this issue, this study proposes an improved depth‐averaged landslide dam breach model that integrates enhanced sediment transport and bank collapse algorithms. A dynamic critical Shields parameter is introduced into the Meyer-Peter-Müller sediment transport formula to account for the combined influence of dam slope and material friction strength on sediment initiation. In addition, based on the traditional lateral collapse model, a new algorithm that uses the true three‐dimensional slope angle of the terrain is proposed to improve the accuracy of collapse simulation. The governing equations of the improved model are solved using a Godunov‐type finite volume scheme, enabling the simulation of both longitudinal erosion and lateral collapse during dam breaching. Validation against a one‐dimensional overtopping erosion test, a side‐bank collapse verification case with a dry-wet partition, and a sand‐dike breach experiment shows that the improved model achieves high agreement with measurements in hydrodynamics, sediment transport, and lateral collapse prediction. The model is further applied to the back‐analysis of the Tangjiashan landslide dam breach process, accurately reproducing the complete evolution of the breach from longitudinal incision to deepening and widening, and finally to stable drawdown. The relative errors of peak discharge, breach morphology, and water level variations are all within 10%, with time scale deviations of less than 1 h. The improved model provides a more reliable numerical tool for landslide dam breach risk assessment.

滑坡坝的破坏多为溢流破坏，其破坏过程受纵向侵蚀和侧向崩落的共同作用控制。然而，由于缺乏精确的物理表征，现有的深度平均模型在模拟纵向侵蚀和侧向崩塌的演变方面仍然面临困难。为了解决这一问题，本研究提出了一种改进的深度平均滑坡大坝决口模型，该模型集成了增强的泥沙输送和岸塌算法。在meyer - peter - m ller输沙公式中引入动态临界Shields参数，以考虑坝坡和材料摩擦强度对泥沙起沙的综合影响。此外，在传统横向塌陷模型的基础上，提出了一种利用地形真实三维坡度角的新算法，提高了塌陷模拟的精度。采用Godunov型有限体积格式求解改进模型的控制方程，从而能够模拟溃坝过程中的纵向侵蚀和横向崩塌。一维溢顶侵蚀试验、干湿分区侧岸崩塌验证案例和沙堤决口试验的验证表明，改进的模型与水动力学、泥沙输运和侧向崩塌预测的测量结果高度一致。将该模型进一步应用于唐家山滑坡坝溃坝过程的反分析，准确再现了溃坝溃坝从纵向切口到加深、拓宽，再到稳定溃坝的完整演化过程。洪峰流量、决口形态和水位变化的相对误差均在10%以内，时间尺度偏差小于1 h。改进模型为滑坡坝决口风险评估提供了更可靠的数值工具。

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