Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-06DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107878
Jin Zhang , Chong Shi , Linkai Zhang , Ke Ren , Wei Qiao , Xuan Tang
This study presents a fractional-order viscoplastic fatigue–damage model to investigate the long-term deformation behavior of rock materials considering creep effects. Fatigue damage is interpreted as progressive microstructural degradation, formulated through a convolution-based evolution law, while time-dependent creep effects are captured via a viscoplastic yield function. Fractional calculus is introduced to establish a unified constitutive framework that couples viscoplastic deformation with damage evolution. The established model is implemented numerically using a return-mapping algorithm and validated through applications to four sets of experimental data reported in the literature, showing excellent agreement in terms of strain-rate dependency, cumulative deformation, confining pressure effects and fatigue life. Moreover, the proposed model successfully reproduces the transition of volumetric strain from compaction to dilation during cyclic loading, demonstrating its capability to capture the coupled fatigue–creep behavior of rock materials.
{"title":"A unified fractional-order viscoplastic fatigue damage model for rock materials under cyclic loading with creep effects","authors":"Jin Zhang , Chong Shi , Linkai Zhang , Ke Ren , Wei Qiao , Xuan Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a fractional-order viscoplastic fatigue–damage model to investigate the long-term deformation behavior of rock materials considering creep effects. Fatigue damage is interpreted as progressive microstructural degradation, formulated through a convolution-based evolution law, while time-dependent creep effects are captured via a viscoplastic yield function. Fractional calculus is introduced to establish a unified constitutive framework that couples viscoplastic deformation with damage evolution. The established model is implemented numerically using a return-mapping algorithm and validated through applications to four sets of experimental data reported in the literature, showing excellent agreement in terms of strain-rate dependency, cumulative deformation, confining pressure effects and fatigue life. Moreover, the proposed model successfully reproduces the transition of volumetric strain from compaction to dilation during cyclic loading, demonstrating its capability to capture the coupled fatigue–creep behavior of rock materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 107878"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-31DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107876
Wenxiu Wang , Huanling Wang , Yizhe Wu , Chenglong Yang , Wei Bao , Yuxuan Liu
The deformation prediction of fractured rock slopes is a key challenge in hydropower engineering due to the heterogeneity and stochastic distribution of fracture systems. Traditional approaches often struggle to identify dominant fracture parameters and maintain predictive accuracy while preserving geological interpretability. This study proposes a hybrid feature selection and prediction framework that integrates Discrete Fracture Network (DFN) modeling, Finite Difference Method (FDM), Global Sensitivity Analysis (GSA), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). Eighteen fracture-related geometric and mechanical parameters were initially considered, with maximum slope displacement from DFN-FDM simulations as the output. Sensitivity ranking was performed using Pearson correlation, Sobol variance-based index, and PAWN density-based method (Probabilistic Analysis of Whisker Numbers). The results indicate that 11 parameters dominate slope deformation, reflecting both geometric configuration and mechanical heterogeneity. Based on ranked features, XGBoost surrogate models were established and evaluated through 10-fold cross-validation. The GSA-XGBoost achieves the lowest error, outperforming both the original model and PCA-based (Principal Component Analysis) surrogate model, while reducing dimensionality and retaining geological interpretability. Application to a fractured slope at BDa Hydropower Station demonstrates the framework’s capacity for parameter prioritization and reliable deformation prediction. This approach provides practical guidance for slope stability evaluation and support design in fractured rock masses.
{"title":"A GSA-ML hybrid framework combined key geological parameters selection for deformation prediction of fractured rock slopes","authors":"Wenxiu Wang , Huanling Wang , Yizhe Wu , Chenglong Yang , Wei Bao , Yuxuan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The deformation prediction of fractured rock slopes is a key challenge in hydropower engineering due to the heterogeneity and stochastic distribution of fracture systems. Traditional approaches often struggle to identify dominant fracture parameters and maintain predictive accuracy while preserving geological interpretability. This study proposes a hybrid feature selection and prediction framework that integrates Discrete Fracture Network (DFN) modeling, Finite Difference Method (FDM), Global Sensitivity Analysis (GSA), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). Eighteen fracture-related geometric and mechanical parameters were initially considered, with maximum slope displacement from DFN-FDM simulations as the output. Sensitivity ranking was performed using Pearson correlation, Sobol variance-based index, and PAWN density-based method (Probabilistic Analysis of Whisker Numbers). The results indicate that 11 parameters dominate slope deformation, reflecting both geometric configuration and mechanical heterogeneity. Based on ranked features, XGBoost surrogate models were established and evaluated through 10-fold cross-validation. The GSA-XGBoost achieves the lowest error, outperforming both the original model and PCA-based (Principal Component Analysis) surrogate model, while reducing dimensionality and retaining geological interpretability. Application to a fractured slope at BDa Hydropower Station demonstrates the framework’s capacity for parameter prioritization and reliable deformation prediction. This approach provides practical guidance for slope stability evaluation and support design in fractured rock masses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 107876"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-31DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107880
Ben Wu, Siau Chen Chian
Scour is a critical factor affecting the bearing capacity of monopile foundations for offshore wind turbines (OWTs). Influenced by factors such as flow direction, turbulence structures and sediment heterogeneity, the geometry of scour holes often exhibit asymmetry. This study investigates the effects of geometric asymmetry of scour holes on the bearing capacity of large-diameter monopiles through the finite element method (FEM) in sandy soil. A self-developed Python Application Programming Interface (Python-API) program is implemented to automatically extract p-y curves from FEM results. The proposed FEM approach is validated through comparison with existing centrifuge test data. A series of parametric analyses is subsequently conducted, revealing that scour hole asymmetry has a minor influence on monopile deformation and the location of rotation center, but has a pronounced impact on the ultimate soil resistance. Among all geometric parameters, the ultimate soil resistance is most sensitive to variations in depth asymmetry, whereas the effects of width and slope asymmetry are negligible. Under the combined influence of pile diameter, the depth asymmetry continues to exhibit a strong correlation with ultimate soil resistance. Findings from the parametric analyses are adopted to improve the existing p-y curve model, which is subsequently validated against existing centrifuge tests and analytical solutions.
{"title":"Improved p-y curve modeling for large-diameter monopiles in asymmetric scour conditions in sandy soils","authors":"Ben Wu, Siau Chen Chian","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Scour is a critical factor affecting the bearing capacity of monopile foundations for offshore wind turbines (OWTs). Influenced by factors such as flow direction, turbulence structures and sediment heterogeneity, the geometry of scour holes often exhibit asymmetry. This study investigates the effects of geometric asymmetry of scour holes on the bearing capacity of large-diameter monopiles through the finite element method (FEM) in sandy soil. A self-developed Python Application Programming Interface (Python-API) program is implemented to automatically extract <em>p</em>-<em>y</em> curves from FEM results. The proposed FEM approach is validated through comparison with existing centrifuge test data. A series of parametric analyses is subsequently conducted, revealing that scour hole asymmetry has a minor influence on monopile deformation and the location of rotation center, but has a pronounced impact on the ultimate soil resistance. Among all geometric parameters, the ultimate soil resistance is most sensitive to variations in depth asymmetry, whereas the effects of width and slope asymmetry are negligible. Under the combined influence of pile diameter, the depth asymmetry continues to exhibit a strong correlation with ultimate soil resistance. Findings from the parametric analyses are adopted to improve the existing <em>p</em>-<em>y</em> curve model, which is subsequently validated against existing centrifuge tests and analytical solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 107880"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107938
Evan John Ricketts , Peter John Cleall , Anthony Jefferson , Pierre Kerfriden , Paul Lyons
It has been established that spatial variability of material properties can lead to distinct unstable hydraulic behaviour, and that this is prominent in soils due to their large spatial heterogeneity. This characteristic can lead to non-uniform wetting behaviour and is particularly prominent when the wettability of the medium is also non-uniform. In water repellent soil, its wettability is often spatially varying, such that a network of flow paths is created where fluid can move preferentially, leading to fingered flow patterns. In this study, the development of a model to represent moisture transport in hydrophobic soil is presented. Local spatial variations in material properties are represented by Gaussian random fields as part of a stochastic finite element based model. Key components of the model include an approach to represent the transition region between wettable and non-wettable layers, and the adoption of a suitable saturation–capillary pressure relationship. For wettable soil, this can be achieved with the standard van Genuchten relation. For hydrophobic soil, this is not applicable; thus, an alternative is employed. The model is then validated against field-scale experimental observations by Lipsius and Mooney (2006), which examined the impact of soil heterogeneity on infiltration profiles. The results demonstrate the model’s ability to capture complex flow dynamics in hydrophobic soils, extending the understanding of moisture transport in heterogeneous soils by explicitly modelling the spatial variability of wettability and its impact on soil hydraulic response.
{"title":"Stochastic simulation of three-dimensional unsaturated flow in water repellent heterogeneous soil","authors":"Evan John Ricketts , Peter John Cleall , Anthony Jefferson , Pierre Kerfriden , Paul Lyons","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It has been established that spatial variability of material properties can lead to distinct unstable hydraulic behaviour, and that this is prominent in soils due to their large spatial heterogeneity. This characteristic can lead to non-uniform wetting behaviour and is particularly prominent when the wettability of the medium is also non-uniform. In water repellent soil, its wettability is often spatially varying, such that a network of flow paths is created where fluid can move preferentially, leading to fingered flow patterns. In this study, the development of a model to represent moisture transport in hydrophobic soil is presented. Local spatial variations in material properties are represented by Gaussian random fields as part of a stochastic finite element based model. Key components of the model include an approach to represent the transition region between wettable and non-wettable layers, and the adoption of a suitable saturation–capillary pressure relationship. For wettable soil, this can be achieved with the standard van Genuchten relation. For hydrophobic soil, this is not applicable; thus, an alternative is employed. The model is then validated against field-scale experimental observations by <span><span>Lipsius and Mooney (2006)</span></span>, which examined the impact of soil heterogeneity on infiltration profiles. The results demonstrate the model’s ability to capture complex flow dynamics in hydrophobic soils, extending the understanding of moisture transport in heterogeneous soils by explicitly modelling the spatial variability of wettability and its impact on soil hydraulic response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 107938"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107922
Xinyang Lv , Youjun Ning
Rock bolting serves as a crucial reinforcement measure by mobilizing and enhancing the strength and self-stability of rock masses. In this work, a rock bolt model that incorporates the axial-bending coupling deformation and the bolt-rock interface axial and lateral interaction effects is established within the discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA). The effectiveness of the developed bolt model is first verified by comparing the DDA simulation results of bolt pull-out tests and bolt single and double-structural plane shear tests with experimental and theoretical results. Correspondingly, in the pull-out tests, the relationships between pull-out force and displacement, and the characteristics of interface shear stress and bolt axial force are investigated. In the structural plane shear tests, the relationships between bolt shear resistance and joint shear displacement, and the bolt bending deformation and force characteristics are investigated. Moreover, comparative simulation studies of a jointed rock tunnel without and with bolt reinforcement are conducted to verify the feasibility of the developed rock bolt model in practical simulations of jointed rock mass reinforcement by bolts. Correspondingly, the deformation and failure responses of the tunnel surrounding rock, as well as the deformation and force characteristics of the bolts, are comprehensively investigated. This work enhances the rock bolting simulation capability of DDA and provides an optional numerical approach for rock bolting problem investigations, especially for jointed rock.
{"title":"Development and verifications of rock bolts with axial-bending coupling deformation and bolt-rock interface effect in discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA)","authors":"Xinyang Lv , Youjun Ning","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rock bolting serves as a crucial reinforcement measure by mobilizing and enhancing the strength and self-stability of rock masses. In this work, a rock bolt model that incorporates the axial-bending coupling deformation and the bolt-rock interface axial and lateral interaction effects is established within the discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA). The effectiveness of the developed bolt model is first verified by comparing the DDA simulation results of bolt pull-out tests and bolt single and double-structural plane shear tests with experimental and theoretical results. Correspondingly, in the pull-out tests, the relationships between pull-out force and displacement, and the characteristics of interface shear stress and bolt axial force are investigated. In the structural plane shear tests, the relationships between bolt shear resistance and joint shear displacement, and the bolt bending deformation and force characteristics are investigated. Moreover, comparative simulation studies of a jointed rock tunnel without and with bolt reinforcement are conducted to verify the feasibility of the developed rock bolt model in practical simulations of jointed rock mass reinforcement by bolts. Correspondingly, the deformation and failure responses of the tunnel surrounding rock, as well as the deformation and force characteristics of the bolts, are comprehensively investigated. This work enhances the rock bolting simulation capability of DDA and provides an optional numerical approach for rock bolting problem investigations, especially for jointed rock.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 107922"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-21DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107846
Mingpeng Liu , Peizhi Zhuang , Raul Fuentes
This study integrates a data-driven model for estimating the unfrozen water content into the thermo-hydraulic coupled simulation of frozen soils. An artificial neural network (ANN) was employed to develop this data-driven model using a dataset from the literature. Thereafter, a numerical algorithm was developed to implement the data-driven model into the thermo-hydraulic simulation. In the numerical algorithm, the frozen and unfrozen zones are distinguished first according to the freezing temperature, where the unfrozen water at frozen nodes is updated using the ANN model. Subsequently, discretized hydraulic and thermal equations are solved sequentially and iteratively using the Newton-Raphson method. Horizontal and vertical freezing experiments are used to verify the reliability of the proposed algorithm. The computed variations in temperature, total water, unfrozen water, and ice content achieve good agreement with measured data. Some key features of frozen soils, such as water migration and ice formation, and the increase in total water content, are reproduced by the developed algorithm. Additionally, the comparison between the ANN model and existing empirical equations for determining unfrozen water content demonstrates that the ANN model offers better performance.
{"title":"Data-driven ANN model for estimating unfrozen water content in the thermo-hydraulic simulation of frozen soils","authors":"Mingpeng Liu , Peizhi Zhuang , Raul Fuentes","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study integrates a data-driven model for estimating the unfrozen water content into the thermo-hydraulic coupled simulation of frozen soils. An artificial neural network (ANN) was employed to develop this data-driven model using a dataset from the literature. Thereafter, a numerical algorithm was developed to implement the data-driven model into the thermo-hydraulic simulation. In the numerical algorithm, the frozen and unfrozen zones are distinguished first according to the freezing temperature, where the unfrozen water at frozen nodes is updated using the ANN model. Subsequently, discretized hydraulic and thermal equations are solved sequentially and iteratively using the Newton-Raphson method. Horizontal and vertical freezing experiments are used to verify the reliability of the proposed algorithm. The computed variations in temperature, total water, unfrozen water, and ice content achieve good agreement with measured data. Some key features of frozen soils, such as water migration and ice formation, and the increase in total water content, are reproduced by the developed algorithm. Additionally, the comparison between the ANN model and existing empirical equations for determining unfrozen water content demonstrates that the ANN model offers better performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 107846"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-31DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107885
Yanbin Chen , Enlong Liu , Ziyin Cai
To address the pathological mesh dependency inherent in strain-softening simulations of quasibrittle materials, this paper presents a novel implicit gradient-enhanced computational framework for nonlocal binary-medium models. The core innovation lies in the synergistic integration of gradient-enhanced regularization with the multiscale homogenization theory underpinning binary-medium models. This approach preserves the sound physical foundation of the constitutive theory while effectively remedying non-objectivity in localized failure analysis through a Helmholtz-type partial differential equation. Within this regularized framework, a new nonlocal binary-medium constitutive model is developed. It comprises a porous elastic medium governed by Hashin–Shtrikman upper bounds and an elastic–perfectly plastic frictional medium with an innovative yield criterion, homogenized via an extended Mori–Tanaka scheme. Critically, to capture complex breakage modes, the model introduces an equivalent strain measure driven by the Unified Strength Theory. This novel feature enables the model to account for the influences of hydrostatic pressure and the stress Lode angle, which are crucial aspects often overlooked in previous models. Numerical investigations, implemented via a Bubnov–Galerkin scheme, confirm that the gradient-enhanced framework ensures mesh-objective solutions during strain-softening regimes. The model successfully replicates a comprehensive suite of quasibrittle behaviors, including multi-stage stress–strain responses, stiffness degradation, tension-compression asymmetry, and sensitivities to both confining pressure and the Lode angle. This work establishes a theoretically rigorous and computationally robust paradigm for modeling breakage progression, significantly advancing the predictive accuracy for engineering applications involving localized failure and material instability.
{"title":"Nonlocal binary-medium constitutive model for quasibrittle materials: A framework with implicit gradient enhancement","authors":"Yanbin Chen , Enlong Liu , Ziyin Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the pathological mesh dependency inherent in strain-softening simulations of quasibrittle materials, this paper presents a novel implicit gradient-enhanced computational framework for nonlocal binary-medium models. The core innovation lies in the synergistic integration of gradient-enhanced regularization with the multiscale homogenization theory underpinning binary-medium models. This approach preserves the sound physical foundation of the constitutive theory while effectively remedying non-objectivity in localized failure analysis through a Helmholtz-type partial differential equation. Within this regularized framework, a new nonlocal binary-medium constitutive model is developed. It comprises a porous elastic medium governed by Hashin–Shtrikman upper bounds and an elastic–perfectly plastic frictional medium with an innovative yield criterion, homogenized via an extended Mori–Tanaka scheme. Critically, to capture complex breakage modes, the model introduces an equivalent strain measure driven by the Unified Strength Theory. This novel feature enables the model to account for the influences of hydrostatic pressure and the stress Lode angle, which are crucial aspects often overlooked in previous models. Numerical investigations, implemented via a Bubnov–Galerkin scheme, confirm that the gradient-enhanced framework ensures mesh-objective solutions during strain-softening regimes. The model successfully replicates a comprehensive suite of quasibrittle behaviors, including multi-stage stress–strain responses, stiffness degradation, tension-compression asymmetry, and sensitivities to both confining pressure and the Lode angle. This work establishes a theoretically rigorous and computationally robust paradigm for modeling breakage progression, significantly advancing the predictive accuracy for engineering applications involving localized failure and material instability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 107885"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-29DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107858
Yaolan Tang , Zongce Li , Zhihang Li , Jiarui Chen , Chunshun Zhang , Dapeng Wang
This study presents a gradation-state-dependent constitutive model for crushable granular materials, formulated for monotonic proportional loading, and implements it within a finite-element framework. An improved gradation evolution law is first developed, featuring a simplified mathematical form and a direct parameter-calibration procedure. Next, the Lode-angle dependence of the critical stress ratio is captured via a newly derived g(θ) function, and a refined relation for the critical-state void ratios is introduced accordingly. A closed-form expression for the tensorial tangent stiffness is then derived, and a self-adaptive integration algorithm is incorporated into the UMAT implementation to enhance numerical robustness and computational efficiency. Overall, the proposed model and numerical approach provide a framework for simulating the mechanical behaviour of crushable granular materials, offering potential for further implementation in geotechnical and engineering analyses.
{"title":"Formulation and implementation of a gradation-state-dependent constitutive model for crushable particles under monotonic proportional loadings","authors":"Yaolan Tang , Zongce Li , Zhihang Li , Jiarui Chen , Chunshun Zhang , Dapeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107858","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a gradation-state-dependent constitutive model for crushable granular materials, formulated for monotonic proportional loading, and implements it within a finite-element framework. An improved gradation evolution law is first developed, featuring a simplified mathematical form and a direct parameter-calibration procedure. Next, the Lode-angle dependence of the critical stress ratio is captured via a newly derived <em>g</em>(<em>θ</em>) function, and a refined relation for the critical-state void ratios is introduced accordingly. A closed-form expression for the tensorial tangent stiffness is then derived, and a self-adaptive integration algorithm is incorporated into the UMAT implementation to enhance numerical robustness and computational efficiency. Overall, the proposed model and numerical approach provide a framework for simulating the mechanical behaviour of crushable granular materials, offering potential for further implementation in geotechnical and engineering analyses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 107858"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-19DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107928
Haixia Huang , Duruo Huang , Gang Wang
The approaches for developing surrogate models to predict seismic slope permanent displacement have progressed from sliding block analyses to stress-deformation analyses. Stress-deformation analyses in existing models are mostly mesh-based approaches incapable of modeling post-failure large deformation in slopes. This constraint restricts the derivation of typical engineering demand parameters (EDPs), such as run-out distance, influence distance, sliding depth and sliding volume. These EDPs are essential for quantitatively assessing post-failure behavior of slopes. The material point method (MPM) overcomes mesh distortion issues inherent in mesh-based approaches, making it possible to simulate large deformation of geomaterials. In this study, surrogate models for multiple seismic slope EDPs are developed based on material-point analyses. The Mohr-Coulomb model with strain softening is incorporated to simulate the strength loss of loose fills. The effect of strength loss on post-failure behavior of slopes is investigated. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are then trained using the simulated dataset to establish relationships between slope EDPs and intensity measures. The developed ANN-based surrogate models significantly reduce computational time compared with MPM simulations while satisfying sufficiency and proficiency criteria. They also maintain physical consistency, as evidenced by the predicted shear band depth remaining within the slope height. Therefore, coupling material-point analyses for physics-based data generation with ANNs for surrogate model development provides an efficient and physically consistent framework for evaluating the seismic performance and post-failure behavior of slopes.
{"title":"Artificial neural network-based surrogate models for predicting multiple seismic slope engineering demand parameters derived from material-point analyses","authors":"Haixia Huang , Duruo Huang , Gang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The approaches for developing surrogate models to predict seismic slope permanent displacement have progressed from sliding block analyses to stress-deformation analyses. Stress-deformation analyses in existing models are mostly mesh-based approaches incapable of modeling post-failure large deformation in slopes. This constraint restricts the derivation of typical engineering demand parameters (<em>EDPs</em>), such as run-out distance, influence distance, sliding depth and sliding volume. These <em>EDPs</em> are essential for quantitatively assessing post-failure behavior of slopes. The material point method (MPM) overcomes mesh distortion issues inherent in mesh-based approaches, making it possible to simulate large deformation of geomaterials. In this study, surrogate models for multiple seismic slope <em>EDPs</em> are developed based on material-point analyses. The Mohr-Coulomb model with strain softening is incorporated to simulate the strength loss of loose fills. The effect of strength loss on post-failure behavior of slopes is investigated. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are then trained using the simulated dataset to establish relationships between slope <em>EDPs</em> and intensity measures. The developed ANN-based surrogate models significantly reduce computational time compared with MPM simulations while satisfying sufficiency and proficiency criteria. They also maintain physical consistency, as evidenced by the predicted shear band depth remaining within the slope height. Therefore, coupling material-point analyses for physics-based data generation with ANNs for surrogate model development provides an efficient and physically consistent framework for evaluating the seismic performance and post-failure behavior of slopes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 107928"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107888
Tuan A. Pham , Abdollah Tabaroei , Bayram Ateş , Tan Nguyen
Understanding the group behavior of semi-rigid soil–cement piles remains a major challenge in deep-mixed foundation engineering. Unlike conventional displacement piles, soil–cement columns exhibit transitional stiffness and composite interaction with the surrounding ground, leading to settlement-dependent mechanisms that are not captured by existing group-efficiency approaches. This study integrates rare full-scale load tests, carefully calibrated three-dimensional finite-element analysis (3D FEA), and systematic analytical benchmarking to establish a mechanistic basis for evaluating group efficiency in soil–cement pile groups. Instrumented field tests on single, three-pile, and five-pile groups (S/D = 2) reveal pronounced stress overlap, non-uniform shaft mobilisation, and significant reductions in per-pile capacity. A high-fidelity 3D FEA model, incorporating a physically justified transitional zone and enhanced interface stiffness, reproduces both the load–settlement response and axial force transfer with high accuracy. Parametric analyses over a wide range of spacings and group sizes demonstrate that group efficiency is not a constant parameter but increases with settlement due to progressive mobilisation of shaft resistance and pile–cap–soil interaction. Benchmarking against eight widely used empirical equations confirms that traditional rigid–pile formulations systematically misrepresent the behavior of semi–rigid pile groups. Motivated by these findings, a new settlement–dependent analytical expression for group efficiency is proposed, combining a geometry-based interaction term with a nonlinear mobilisation function. The model reproduces numerical trends with an average error of only 6.8 % and captures the physical behavior observed in both field and numerical results. The study provides a unified, experimentally validated framework for interpreting soil–cement pile group behavior and offers improved guidance for serviceability-based design of deep-mixed foundations.
{"title":"Group efficiency and load transfer mechanisms of semi-rigid soil–cement piles: integrated experimental, 3D numerical, and analytical evaluation","authors":"Tuan A. Pham , Abdollah Tabaroei , Bayram Ateş , Tan Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the group behavior of semi-rigid soil–cement piles remains a major challenge in deep-mixed foundation engineering. Unlike conventional displacement piles, soil–cement columns exhibit transitional stiffness and composite interaction with the surrounding ground, leading to settlement-dependent mechanisms that are not captured by existing group-efficiency approaches. This study integrates rare full-scale load tests, carefully calibrated three-dimensional finite-element analysis (3D FEA), and systematic analytical benchmarking to establish a mechanistic basis for evaluating group efficiency in soil–cement pile groups. Instrumented field tests on single, three-pile, and five-pile groups (S/D = 2) reveal pronounced stress overlap, non-uniform shaft mobilisation, and significant reductions in per-pile capacity. A high-fidelity 3D FEA model, incorporating a physically justified transitional zone and enhanced interface stiffness, reproduces both the load–settlement response and axial force transfer with high accuracy. Parametric analyses over a wide range of spacings and group sizes demonstrate that group efficiency is not a constant parameter but increases with settlement due to progressive mobilisation of shaft resistance and pile–cap–soil interaction. Benchmarking against eight widely used empirical equations confirms that traditional rigid–pile formulations systematically misrepresent the behavior of semi–rigid pile groups. Motivated by these findings, a new settlement–dependent analytical expression for group efficiency is proposed, combining a geometry-based interaction term with a nonlinear mobilisation function. The model reproduces numerical trends with an average error of only 6.8 % and captures the physical behavior observed in both field and numerical results. The study provides a unified, experimentally validated framework for interpreting soil–cement pile group behavior and offers improved guidance for serviceability-based design of deep-mixed foundations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 107888"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号