Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics最新文献_第7页

Acute injury of liver in hybrid groupers (Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀) under high-dose Edwardsiella ictaluri infection 高剂量爱德华氏菌感染杂交石斑鱼（斑点石斑鱼♂×褐斑石斑鱼♀）肝脏的急性损伤。

IF 2.2 2区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics

Pub Date : 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101692

Xiaomin Zheng , Zhuojin He , Lixin Ma, Linjie Zheng, Li Lin, Fei Shi

Edwardsiella ictaluri is a major fish pathogen that poses a serious threat to hybrid grouper in intensive aquaculture. This study evaluated the impact of E. ictaluri on liver health by analyzing histopathological changes, enzyme activity, and gene expression in infected hybrid grouper. Compared with the control group, infected fish exhibited markedly increased cytoplasmic vacuolation, inflammatory cell infiltration, nuclear pyknosis, and hepatocyte apoptosis. Moreover, biochemical assays revealed significantly elevated activities of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), and catalase (CAT). Transcriptomic analysis showed altered expression of genes associated with steroid hormone biosynthesis, PPAR signaling pathway, and protein digestion and absorption. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) further demonstrated increased mRNA expression of Nuclear Factor Kappa-B p65 (NF-κB p65), Toll-like Receptor 3 (TLR-3), Occludin (OCLD), Zonula Occludens-3 (ZO-3), and Fas cell surface death receptor (Fas). Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed correlations of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with cytoplasmic vacuolation and enzyme activities. Collectively, these findings reveal that E. ictaluri infection profoundly impairs liver health in hybrid grouper by disrupting hepatic structure, altering enzyme activity, and dysregulating pathways associated with immunity and metabolism.

Edwardsiella ictaluri是集约化养殖中对杂交石斑鱼造成严重威胁的主要鱼类病原体。本研究通过分析受感染杂交石斑鱼的组织病理学变化、酶活性和基因表达，评估了伊氏石斑鱼对肝脏健康的影响。与对照组相比，感染鱼表现出明显增加的细胞质空泡化、炎症细胞浸润、核固缩和肝细胞凋亡。此外，生化分析显示谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶（GOT）、谷氨酸丙酮酸转氨酶（GPT）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性显著升高。转录组学分析显示，与类固醇激素生物合成、PPAR信号通路和蛋白质消化吸收相关的基因表达发生了改变。定量实时聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）进一步证实核因子κ b p65 （NF-κB p65）、toll样受体3 （TLR-3）、Occludin （OCLD）、Zonula occluden -3 （ZO-3）和Fas细胞表面死亡受体（Fas） mRNA表达增加。冗余分析（RDA）揭示了差异表达基因（DEGs）与细胞质空泡形成和酶活性的相关性。综上所述，这些发现表明，伊克塔乌里杆菌感染通过破坏肝脏结构、改变酶活性和失调与免疫和代谢相关的途径，严重损害杂交石斑鱼的肝脏健康。

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引用次数: 0

Genome-wide identification, characterization, molecular evolution and expression profiling analysis of COMMD gene family in black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) 黑岩鱼comd基因家族的全基因组鉴定、表征、分子进化及表达谱分析

IF 2.2 2区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics

Pub Date : 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101694

Xuechen Li , Zhentao Chen , Jingrun Pu, Xuangang Wang, Ze Tao, Zhixiang Duan, Gan Yu, Ping Han, Fan Zhang, Haiyang Yu

The Copper Metabolism gene MURR1 Domain (COMMD) gene family is recognized as a highly conserved gene family in diverse species and involved in various important biological processes, including copper metabolism, NF-κB signaling and membrane transport. However, current research regarding the systematic identification of the COMMD gene family in teleosts and its role in the innate immunity of Sebastes schlegelii (S. schlegelii) remains limited. In this study, we identified and annotated 9 COMMD genes in S. schlegelii. Through phylogenetic analysis, analysis of gene structure, motif compositions, and molecular evolutionary patterns of the COMMD gene family, we found that COMMD gene maintains a highly conserved state in evolutionary process, and bears similar importance in metabolism of different species. Moreover, we analyzed the expression patterns of COMMD genes in macrophage and immune-relevant tissues of healthy S. schlegelii and those infected with Acinetobacter johnsonii by using qRT-PCR. The results revealed distinct tissue-specific expression profiles for COMMD genes, and their expression was significantly altered after A. johnsonii infection. We confirmed that SsCOMMD1 could up-regulate the activity of NF-κB pathway. This study elaborates COMMD genes of S. schlegelii, providing a valuable reference for future research on understanding of the functions of COMMD gene family in the innate immune response of teleosts.

铜代谢基因MURR1结构域（COMMD）基因家族是广泛存在于多种物种中的高度保守的基因家族，参与铜代谢、NF-κB信号传导、膜转运等多种重要的生物过程。然而，目前关于硬骨鱼COMMD基因家族的系统鉴定及其在schlegelii （S. schlegelii）先天免疫中的作用的研究仍然有限。在这项研究中，我们鉴定并注释了9个schlegeli的COMMD基因。通过系统发育分析，分析COMMD基因家族的基因结构、基序组成和分子进化模式，我们发现COMMD基因在进化过程中保持高度保守状态，在不同物种的代谢中具有相似的重要性。此外，我们还利用qRT-PCR分析了健康schlegeli链球菌和感染johnsoni不动杆菌的巨噬细胞和免疫相关组织中COMMD基因的表达模式。结果显示，comd基因具有明显的组织特异性表达谱，且其表达在约翰氏单胞杆菌感染后显著改变。我们证实SsCOMMD1可以上调NF-κB通路的活性。本研究详细阐述了schlegelii的COMMD基因，为进一步研究COMMD基因家族在硬骨鱼先天免疫应答中的功能提供了有价值的参考。

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引用次数: 0

Quercetin enhances antioxidant defense and modulates immune homeostasis in mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi): Insights from biochemical and transcriptomic analyses 槲皮素增强鳜鱼的抗氧化防御和调节免疫稳态：来自生化和转录组学分析的见解。

IF 2.2 2区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics

Pub Date : 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101690

Zihan Zhou , Qichen Jiang , Mingming Han , Chenxi Zhu , Tian Zhu , Yi Juin Tay , Guoxing Liu

Revealing the molecular basis of stress resistance in aquaculture species is the key to achieving sustainable breeding strategies. Based on the two-species complementation strategy, this study systematically evaluated the cross-species protection of natural flavonoid quercetin in mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) and zebrafish (Danio rerio). In this study, the effects of quercetin on the transcription and antioxidant capacity of S. chuatsi gene and the antioxidant capacity of D. rerio were tested. S. chuatsi and D. rerio were immersed in four concentrations (0, 1, 2.5, 5.0 mg/L) of quercetin for 28 days. At 2.5 mg/L, quercetin boosted antioxidant defenses by elevating SOD activity and lowering lipid peroxidation, while modulating immune homeostasis in a dose-dependent manner. Although the two fish species showed a consistent trend in oxidative stress indicators, there were significant species differences in their immune responses. Transcriptome results revealed that S. chuatsi activated key functional modules such as cell structure remodeling, transmembrane transport and protein folding under quercetin intervention, and was enriched in signal transduction, nutrient absorption and fat metabolism pathways, forming a multi-level and synergistically regulated stress defense network. The results show that quercetin can mediate a set of evolutionarily conserved systemic protection mechanisms and has the potential to be used as a functional molecule for aquaculture stress resistance breeding.

揭示水产养殖物种抗逆性的分子基础是实现可持续养殖策略的关键。基于两种互补策略，系统评价了天然类黄酮槲皮素对鳜鱼和斑马鱼的跨种保护作用。本研究考察了槲皮素对荸荠基因转录和抗氧化能力的影响，以及对金黄色葡萄球菌抗氧化能力的影响。槲皮素浓度分别为0、1、2.5、5.0 mg/L的槲皮素溶液中，对翘丝桃和黑绒桃进行浸泡28 d。在2.5 mg/L时，槲皮素通过提高SOD活性和降低脂质过氧化来增强抗氧化防御，同时以剂量依赖的方式调节免疫稳态。虽然两种鱼类在氧化应激指标上表现出一致的趋势，但在免疫反应上却存在显著的物种差异。转录组研究结果显示，槲皮素干预下，翘子激活了细胞结构重塑、跨膜转运和蛋白质折叠等关键功能模块，并在信号转导、营养吸收和脂肪代谢途径中富集，形成了一个多层次、协同调节的应激防御网络。结果表明，槲皮素可介导一套进化保守的系统保护机制，具有作为水产养殖抗逆性育种功能分子的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

The effects of interfering with gs and gls genes on intestinal genes expression and metabolic pathways in Trachinotus blochii 干扰gs和gls基因对布氏沙眼虫肠道基因表达和代谢途径的影响。

IF 2.2 2区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics

Pub Date : 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101689

Changlin Chen, Lei Wang, Chaoyue Deng, Wenyan Lin, Huapeng Chen, Xinxin Wang, Haoran Yu, Junlong Sun, Jian Luo, Feibiao Song

Previous research has demonstrated that the addition of exogenous glutamine in feed can enhance the growth and development of Trachinotus blochii. Nonetheless, there is limited knowledge about the specific regulatory pathways and essential regulatory genes implicated in glutamine's influence on the growth and development of T. blochii. This research utilized RNA interference technology to achieve sustained suppression of the gs and gls genes in live T. blochii. After 52 days of interference, we analyzed the growth and development of T. blochii, intestinal morphology, digestive and antioxidant enzyme activity, and intestinal transcriptome. The development of T. blochii was markedly inhibited by interference, with the intestinal diameter, villus length, width, and muscle layer in the interference group being greatly reduced compared to the control group. Measurements of intestinal enzyme activity showed a significant decrease in LPS content in T. blochii following interference, and antioxidant-related enzyme activities (T-AOC and GSH) were lowered, and MDA content was significantly raised. Transcriptome analysis indicated that following the knockdown of the gs and gls genes, there was a significant enrichment of growth-related serine metabolism pathways and lipid metabolism pathways, as well as immune inflammation-related pathways, including the complement and coagulation cascade and PPAR signaling pathway. Co-expression mRNA network analysis revealed a significant enrichment of genes associated with purine de novo synthesis and the coenzyme Q oxidoreductase family. In summary, knockdown of the gs and gls genes diminishes amino acid metabolism and fat utilization in the intestines of T. blochii, thus impacting intestinal structure and hindering growth. These findings offer significant insights for the control of intestinal health and agricultural practices of T. blochii.

已有研究表明，在饲料中添加外源谷氨酰胺可促进布氏沙眼虫的生长发育。然而，关于谷氨酰胺对blochi生长发育影响的具体调控途径和必要调控基因的知识有限。本研究利用RNA干扰技术实现了活体blochi中gs和gls基因的持续抑制。经过52 d的干扰，我们分析了blochi的生长发育、肠道形态、消化酶和抗氧化酶活性以及肠道转录组。干扰显著抑制blochi的发育，干扰组肠道直径、绒毛长度、宽度、肌肉层数均较对照组显著减小。肠道酶活性测定结果显示，干扰后斑衣多糖含量显著降低，抗氧化相关酶活性（T-AOC和GSH）显著降低，MDA含量显著升高。转录组分析显示，gs和gls基因敲低后，生长相关的丝氨酸代谢途径和脂质代谢途径以及免疫炎症相关的途径，包括补体和凝血级联以及PPAR信号通路显著富集。共表达mRNA网络分析显示，与嘌呤从头合成和辅酶Q氧化还原酶家族相关的基因显著富集。综上所述，gs和gls基因的敲低减少了blochi肠内氨基酸代谢和脂肪利用，从而影响肠道结构，阻碍生长。这些发现为控制肠道健康和农业实践提供了重要的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Integrative analysis of FOX genes in fish: Evolution, structure, and functional roles in environmental stress tolerance and growth regulation in Mugil cephalus 鱼类FOX基因的综合分析：Mugil cephalus在环境胁迫耐受和生长调节中的进化、结构和功能作用。

IF 2.2 2区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics

Pub Date : 2025-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101685

Urwah Ishaque , Saima Naz , Jhan Zeb , Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha , Ghazi Alatawi , Saba Iqbal , Bushra Irfan

The forkhead box (FOX) gene family encodes transcription factors that control growth, development, stress response, and metabolism across vertebrates. While FOX genes have been widely explored in a few model fish species, their roles in Mugil cephalus, a commercially and ecologically important euryhaline species, are still not well described. Current study, explored the first ever genomic and structural analysis of FOX genes in M. cephalus. In this study, 42 FOX genes were identified in the genome of M. cephalus and the presence of conserved forkhead domains was confirmed. The study showed that there are significant differences in the physicochemical traits of studied proteins and the phylogenetic analysis grouped these proteins into 18 clades. Duplication history pointed toward a number of genome-wide duplication events, with all of them shaped mainly by purifying selection. The synteny analysis suggested that chromosomal arrangements were mostly conserved with humans, indicating a deep evolutionary link. The organization of Motif and domains pointed toward functional diversification, while structure modeling (2D and 3D) revealed noticeable variation in folding patterns of amino acids. Moreover, mutation predictions reported various destabilizing substitutions that could weaken the stability of proteins. In conclusion, this study gives the first integrated overview of FOX genes in M. cephalus, opening new perspectives on their evolution and possible functions in vertebrate species. Experimental studies are aimed in future to confirm the role of FOX genes for improved aquaculture practices, stress tolerance, and bio-conservation of M. cephalus.

叉头盒（FOX）基因家族编码控制脊椎动物生长、发育、应激反应和代谢的转录因子。虽然FOX基因已经在一些模式鱼类中得到了广泛的探索，但它们在Mugil cephalus（一种具有商业和生态重要性的广盐物种）中的作用仍然没有得到很好的描述。本研究首次探索了头头棘球蚴FOX基因的基因组和结构分析。在本研究中，在头头猪基因组中鉴定出42个FOX基因，并证实了保守叉头结构域的存在。研究表明，所研究的蛋白质在理化性状上存在显著差异，系统发育分析将这些蛋白质归为18支。复制历史指出了许多全基因组复制事件，所有这些事件都主要是由纯化选择形成的。合成分析表明，染色体排列大多与人类保守，表明一个深刻的进化联系。Motif和结构域的组织指向功能多样化，而结构建模（2D和3D）揭示了氨基酸折叠模式的显著变化。此外，突变预测报告了各种不稳定的取代，这些取代可能削弱蛋白质的稳定性。综上所述，本研究首次对头头螺杆菌FOX基因进行了全面的综述，为其在脊椎动物物种中的进化及其可能的功能开辟了新的视角。未来的实验研究旨在证实FOX基因在改善头头m.s cephalus的养殖方式、抗逆性和生物保护方面的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Transcriptome analysis reveals intestinal gene expression and metabolic pathways in yaks 转录组分析揭示了牦牛肠道基因表达和代谢途径。

IF 2.2 2区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics

Pub Date : 2025-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101686

Xiaofeng Luo , Junru Pan , Haiyan Li , Wenrui Ye , Shehr Bano Mustafa , Siraj Ahmed , Khuram Shahzad , Yonggang Sun , Wangsheng Zhao

The yak, a ruminant species native to high-altitude plateaus, serves as a vulnerable model for studying adaptation to extreme environments. Exposed to hypoxia, low temperatures, and strong ultraviolet radiation, yaks have evolved unique physiological mechanisms to thrive under such conditions. Among its organs, the intestine is a crucial metabolic organ and plays a key role in environmental adaptation. Therefore, this study systematically compared the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of the small and large intestine between yaks and cattle, thereby revealing the metabolic mechanisms underlying the high-altitude adaptation of yaks. The results showed that the expression of several key metabolic genes, including IDO1, KYNU (tryptophan metabolism), ACSL1 (lipid metabolism), and ABCG2 (vitamin transport), was significantly upregulated in the yak small intestine. This indicates that the yak small intestine has stronger physiological potential in nutrient metabolism and barrier function. In the large intestine, the expression of key genes in pathways such as lipid metabolism (PLA2), detoxification (UGT), cAMP signaling (ADCY, CREB3L), and bile secretion (ABCC) was significantly upregulated, indicating that the yak possesses unique physiological advantages in energy regulation and maintaining intestinal homeostasis. This study systematically elucidates the metabolic mechanisms of the yak intestine under the extreme conditions of the plateau, providing a basis for in-depth analysis of ruminant intestinal function and molecular breeding.

牦牛是一种原产于高海拔高原的反刍动物，是研究极端环境适应性的脆弱模型。在缺氧、低温和强紫外线辐射的环境下，牦牛进化出了独特的生理机制，在这样的条件下茁壮成长。在其器官中，肠道是一个重要的代谢器官，在环境适应中起着关键作用。因此，本研究系统比较了牦牛和牛小肠和大肠的转录调控机制，揭示了牦牛高原适应的代谢机制。结果表明，牦牛小肠中IDO1、KYNU（色氨酸代谢）、ACSL1（脂质代谢）和ABCG2（维生素运输）等关键代谢基因的表达显著上调。说明牦牛小肠在营养物质代谢和屏障功能方面具有较强的生理潜力。在大肠中，脂质代谢（PLA2）、解毒（UGT）、cAMP信号通路（ADCY、CREB3L）和胆汁分泌（ABCC）等关键基因的表达显著上调，表明牦牛在能量调节和维持肠道稳态方面具有独特的生理优势。本研究系统阐明了高原极端条件下牦牛肠道代谢机制，为深入分析反刍动物肠道功能及分子育种提供依据。

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引用次数: 0

The sex-specific transcriptomic patterns in hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis of Dabry's sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus) 达布里鲟鱼下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴的性别特异性转录组模式。

IF 2.2 2区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics

Pub Date : 2025-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101687

Xuetao Shi , Yang Li , Hongtao Huang , Kan Xiao , Jing Yang

Dabry's sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus) is one of the precious large fish species unique to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China. Investigating the molecular mechanisms that regulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis is crucial for the conservation of Dabry's sturgeon. In the present study, transcriptome sequencing and analysis were conducted on hypothalamus, pituitary, and gonad tissues of male and female Dabry's sturgeon. Raw sequence data were compiled and duplicate entries were eliminated, yielding 603,597 unigenes with an average length of 843 base pairs and an N50 value of 1056 bp. In the hypothalamus, the representative up-regulated pathways and genes include fatty acid biosynthesis (fasn, acsl) and fatty acid metabolism (acd), while down-regulated pathways and genes include neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions (lhcgr, npffr1, gabrd). In the pituitary, the representative up-regulated pathways and genes include neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions (drd2, trhr), while down-regulated pathways and genes are unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis (elovl6). In the gonad, the representative up-regulated pathways and genes include unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis (fads2), tryptophan metabolism (cyp1a1 and cyp1b1), while down-regulated pathways and genes are ovarian steroid production (fshr, igf1, and cyp11a). These representative pathways and genes play an important role in the gonadal development of Dabry's sturgeon. These potential determinants provide a glimpse into of the molecular mechanisms of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis regulation in Dabry's sturgeon.

Clinical trial number

All fish handling and experimental procedures in this study have been approved by the Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute of China Three Gorges Corporation, and the Hubei Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Project for Conservation of Fishes (Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute of China Three Gorges Corporation).

大布里鲟（学名：Acipenser dabryanus）是中国长江上游特有的珍贵大型鱼类之一。研究下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴调控的分子机制对达布里鲟的保护至关重要。本研究对雌雄达布里鲟鱼的下丘脑、垂体和性腺组织进行了转录组测序和分析。对原始序列数据进行编译，剔除重复条目，得到603,597个单基因，平均长度为843个碱基对，N50值为1056 bp。在下丘脑中，代表性的上调途径和基因包括脂肪酸生物合成（fasn, acsl）和脂肪酸代谢（acd），下调途径和基因包括神经活性配体-受体相互作用（lhcgr, npffr1, gabrd）。在垂体中，代表性的上调途径和基因包括神经活性配体-受体相互作用（drd2, trhr），下调途径和基因为不饱和脂肪酸生物合成（elov16）。在性腺中，代表性的上调途径和基因包括不饱和脂肪酸生物合成（fads2）、色氨酸代谢（cyp1a1和cyp1b1），下调途径和基因为卵巢类固醇生成（fshr、igf1和cyp11a）。这些具有代表性的途径和基因在达布里鲟的性腺发育中起着重要的作用。这些潜在的决定因素提供了对达布里鲟鱼下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴调节的分子机制的一瞥。临床试验号：本研究中所有鱼类处理和实验程序均经中国三峡集团公司中华鲟研究所和三峡鱼类保护工程湖北省重点实验室（中国三峡集团公司中华鲟研究所）批准。

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引用次数: 0

Transcriptomic analysis reveals stage-specific cholesterol metabolism and steroidogenic in theca layer cells during follicular development in chickens 转录组学分析揭示了鸡卵泡发育过程中卵泡层细胞的阶段特异性胆固醇代谢和类固醇生成。

IF 2.2 2区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics

Pub Date : 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101682

Yuechen Liao , Ashi Li , Yangqiwen Luo , Runbang Zhu , Cangning Zhang , Meng Ma , Yongfeng Li , Liumei Sun , Manman Shen , Liang Qu

Ovarian follicle development is a critical factor affecting laying performance in poultry. Follicles are mainly composed of the granulosa layer cells and theca layer cells (TLs). However, the regulatory role of TLs remains inadequately understood. This study explored the abundance of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in chicken TLs across small yellow follicles (SYFT), the smallest hierarchical follicle (F6T), and the largest hierarchical follicle (F1T) through transcriptome analysis. Results revealed that the top abundance DEGs were linked to cholesterol metabolism (MSMO1, NPC1) and steroid hormone synthesis (STAR, CYP11A1, CYP19A1, POR, NR0B1). Notably, genes involved in steroid hormone synthesis (STAR, CYP11A1, and CYP19A1) were highly expressed at the F6T stage. Up-regulated DEGs in F6T were primarily enriched in metabolism pathways, including one carbon pool by folate and citrate cycle, which contribute to elevated cholesterol synthesis (MSMO1) at this stage. While cholesterol metabolism (NPC1, NR0B1, and POR) were prominent at the SYFT stage, where up-regulated DEGs were linked to cell differentiation such as Wnt and mTOR signaling pathways. Key genes including CYP19A1, CYP17A1, POR, NPC1, VLDLR, and NR0B1 were predominantly found in profiles 3 and 1, which represented significant trends identified through trend analysis. The main KEGG pathways included cell cycle, homologous recombination, metabolism and transport. This study highlights that TLs shift their transcriptional program from cholesterol transport in small yellow follicles to cholesterol synthesis and steroidogenesis in hierarchical follicles, revealing a key transcriptional program governing follicle development in chickens.

卵泡发育是影响家禽产蛋性能的关键因素。卵泡主要由颗粒层细胞和卵泡层细胞组成。然而，人们对TLs的调控作用仍然知之甚少。本研究通过转录组分析，探讨了鸡小黄卵泡（SYFT）、最小分层卵泡（F6T）和最大分层卵泡（F1T）的TLs中差异表达基因（DEGs）的丰度。结果显示，最高丰度的deg与胆固醇代谢（MSMO1, NPC1）和类固醇激素合成（STAR, CYP11A1, CYP19A1， POR, NR0B1）有关。值得注意的是，参与类固醇激素合成的基因（STAR、CYP11A1和CYP19A1）在F6T阶段高度表达。F6T中deg的上调主要富集在代谢途径中，包括叶酸和柠檬酸循环的碳库，这有助于提高该阶段的胆固醇合成（MSMO1）。而胆固醇代谢（NPC1， NR0B1和POR）在SYFT阶段表现突出，其中上调的deg与细胞分化（如Wnt和mTOR信号通路）有关。关键基因CYP19A1、CYP17A1、POR、NPC1、VLDLR和NR0B1主要出现在图谱3和1中，通过趋势分析发现了显著的趋势。KEGG的主要途径包括细胞周期、同源重组、代谢和转运。本研究强调，TLs将其转录程序从黄色小卵泡中的胆固醇转运转移到等级卵泡中的胆固醇合成和类固醇生成，揭示了控制鸡卵泡发育的关键转录程序。

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引用次数: 0

The metabolome of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) reveals clues as to their extreme fasting capabilities 座头鲸（Megaptera novaeangliae）的代谢组揭示了它们极端禁食能力的线索

IF 2.2 2区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics

Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101670

Erika Oteri , Ido Bar , Steven D. Melvin , Eleanor Raffan , Susan Bengtson Nash

Southern Hemisphere humpback whales are capital breeders, relying on energy reserves accumulated through summer feeding in the Southern Ocean to fuel reproduction and migration. Understanding the fasting physiology of these populations, which lose up to 50 % of their post-summer feeding body mass during seasonal migration, is of great importance, particularly in the context of a rapidly changing Antarctic sea-ice ecosystem. Additionally, fluctuations in lipid reserves are known to mobilise lipophilic contaminants, potentially rendering seasonal fasting a time of elevated toxicological risk. This study analysed blubber biopsies from humpback whales migrating along the east coast of Australia. Biopsies were collected at two timepoints on the migration, corresponding to ∼3 and 6 months fasted, respectively. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy identified 32 polar metabolites in blubber, mainly involved in fatty acid and amino acid metabolism. Eleven of these metabolites showed significant differences between the two fasting stages, indicating changes in fatty acid oxidation, body condition, protein catabolism and glucose conservation. This is the first study to investigate the polar metabolomic alterations associated with migration in humpback whales, providing insights into biochemical pathways related to their fasting physiology. Metabolomic analysis holds the potential to identify metabolite patterns linked to nutritional and environmental stress, critical for ongoing biomonitoring of the Antarctic ecosystem.

南半球座头鲸是重要的繁殖者，依靠夏季在南大洋觅食积累的能量储备来繁殖和迁徙。了解这些种群的禁食生理是非常重要的，特别是在南极海冰生态系统迅速变化的背景下，这些种群在夏季后的摄食体重在季节性迁徙期间损失高达50%。此外，已知脂质储备的波动会调动亲脂污染物，可能使季节性禁食成为毒性风险升高的时间。这项研究分析了沿澳大利亚东海岸迁徙的座头鲸的鲸脂活检。在迁移的两个时间点采集活检，分别对应于禁食3个月和6个月。核磁共振波谱鉴定出鲸脂中32种极性代谢产物，主要参与脂肪酸和氨基酸代谢。其中11种代谢物在两个禁食阶段表现出显著差异，表明脂肪酸氧化、身体状况、蛋白质分解代谢和葡萄糖保存的变化。这是第一个研究与座头鲸迁移相关的极地代谢组学改变的研究，为其禁食生理学相关的生化途径提供了见解。代谢组学分析具有识别与营养和环境压力相关的代谢物模式的潜力，这对正在进行的南极生态系统生物监测至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Transcriptomic analysis of the hepatopancreas response to low-pH stress in kuruma shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus) 日本袋虾肝胰腺对低ph胁迫响应的转录组学分析

IF 2.2 2区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101667

Yongkang Hou , Caifeng Liang , Dekhkonova Dilorakhon Rasuljon Kizi , Jianyong Liu

Ocean acidification has emerged as a globally recognized environmental issue, posing a serious threat to marine ecosystems. To elucidate the adaptive mechanisms of Marsupenaeus japonicus under acidified conditions, both biochemical and transcriptomic analyses were performed following low-pH exposure. Biochemical assays revealed that low pH stress significantly SOD and CAT activities while markedly elevating MDA levels, indicating oxidative damage. T-AOC exhibited a transient rise followed by a sharp decline at later stages, suggesting initial activation and subsequent exhaustion of antioxidant defense. Transcriptomic profiling identified 2705 DEGs that were primarily enriched in pathways related to immune regulation, redox balance, apoptosis, and energy metabolism, including the lysosome, Toll-like receptor, and PPAR signaling pathways. Protein interaction analysis identified 9 hub genes, including NADH-GOGAT and MDHM, which may play key roles in antioxidant defense and metabolic regulation. The integration of enzyme activity and transcriptomic data indicates that acid stress initially induces oxidative imbalance, followed by compensatory activation of antioxidant and immune systems to restore cellular homeostasis. These findings provide comprehensive insights into the oxidative stress adaptation of M. japonicus and offer a genetic and physiological foundation for breeding acid-tolerant shrimp strains.

海洋酸化已成为全球公认的环境问题，对海洋生态系统构成严重威胁。为了阐明日本袋猴在酸化条件下的适应机制，在低ph条件下进行了生化和转录组学分析。生化分析显示，低pH胁迫显著提高SOD和CAT活性，同时显著升高MDA水平，提示氧化损伤。T-AOC表现出短暂的上升，随后在后期急剧下降，表明初始激活和随后的抗氧化防御耗尽。转录组学分析鉴定了2705个主要富集于免疫调节、氧化还原平衡、细胞凋亡和能量代谢相关通路的deg，包括溶酶体、toll样受体和PPAR信号通路。蛋白质互作分析鉴定出包括NADH-GOGAT和MDHM在内的9个枢纽基因，它们可能在抗氧化防御和代谢调节中发挥关键作用。酶活性和转录组学数据的整合表明，酸胁迫最初诱导氧化失衡，随后补偿性激活抗氧化和免疫系统以恢复细胞稳态。这些发现为日本对虾对氧化应激的适应提供了全面的认识，并为耐酸对虾品系的选育提供了遗传和生理基础。

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引用次数: 0