Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.1080/09542299.2018.1433555
T. Kunito, Naomi Hiruta, Yasunori Miyagishi, H. Sumi, Hitoshi Moro
Abstract The effects of adding larch (Larix kaempferi) leaf litter and nitrogen (N) on microbial activity and phosphorus (P) fractions in forest soil were examined in a short-term (28-d) laboratory incubation study. The soil was analyzed using a modified Hedley sequential extraction procedure and an acid phosphatase assay. The addition of larch litter and N increased the acid phosphatase activity and decreased the labile P (H2O-P + NaHCO3-P) concentration. Compared with addition of larch litter only, addition of both inputs decreased the proportion of inorganic P (Pi) and increased that of organic P (Po) in the NaOH fraction, bound to aluminum and iron oxides. The results of nutrient (carbon, N, or P) addition indicated that acid phosphatase was synthesized to acquire P. This study suggests that, in this forest soil, P in the H2O-P + NaHCO3-P and in the NaOH-Pi fractions was available for soil microorganisms to decompose leaf litter and that increase in microbial activity eventually translated in an increase in the proportion of Po found in the NaOH fraction in this forest soil.
{"title":"Changes in phosphorus fractions caused by increased microbial activity in forest soil in a short-term incubation study","authors":"T. Kunito, Naomi Hiruta, Yasunori Miyagishi, H. Sumi, Hitoshi Moro","doi":"10.1080/09542299.2018.1433555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09542299.2018.1433555","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The effects of adding larch (Larix kaempferi) leaf litter and nitrogen (N) on microbial activity and phosphorus (P) fractions in forest soil were examined in a short-term (28-d) laboratory incubation study. The soil was analyzed using a modified Hedley sequential extraction procedure and an acid phosphatase assay. The addition of larch litter and N increased the acid phosphatase activity and decreased the labile P (H2O-P + NaHCO3-P) concentration. Compared with addition of larch litter only, addition of both inputs decreased the proportion of inorganic P (Pi) and increased that of organic P (Po) in the NaOH fraction, bound to aluminum and iron oxides. The results of nutrient (carbon, N, or P) addition indicated that acid phosphatase was synthesized to acquire P. This study suggests that, in this forest soil, P in the H2O-P + NaHCO3-P and in the NaOH-Pi fractions was available for soil microorganisms to decompose leaf litter and that increase in microbial activity eventually translated in an increase in the proportion of Po found in the NaOH fraction in this forest soil.","PeriodicalId":55264,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Speciation and Bioavailability","volume":"30 1","pages":"13 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09542299.2018.1433555","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46742573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.1080/09542299.2018.1457985
W. Spychalski, W. Grzebisz, J. Diatta, D. Kostarev
Abstract Soil humus degradation strengthens nutrient mining, especially phosphorus. This study was carried out on the Ukrainian Forest-Steppe Zone (UFSZ). A total of 21 soil profiles have been investigated: 11 Phaeozems, 6 Luvisols, and 4 Chernozems. Soils were tested for particle size distribution, calcium carbonate (CC), pH, and organic carbon (Corg). The evaluation of humus degradation as a reason of P depletion was performed based on indicators such as Humus Stock Gap (HSG), Humus Stability Index (S), and Yield Gap/Gain (YG/G). In order to evaluate the degree of P depletion, total phosphorus (Ptot) and its five fractions: water soluble – PH2O, exchangeable – PEX, bound to Fe and Al – PFe/Al, bound to Ca – PCa, and residual P – Pres, have been determined. Data revealed that in 14 of 21 investigated soils, S indices were below the threshold its value of nine, considered as the balanced content of humus with respect to soil texture. Next, in 11 of 21 cases, the negative humus balance indicates the yield gap in Phaeozems and Chernozems. The first three P pools (PH2O, PEX and PAl/Fe) in Phaeozems were exhausted, constituting less than 10% of the Ptot. In Phaeozems, PAl/Fe, in Luvisols, PEX, and in Chernozems, PH2O fractions were basic indicators of available P status. Their pools were directly or indirectly controlled by PCa. Humus content in Phaeozems and Chernozems revealed as the key factor impacting both total P and/or its available resources. Amelioration of P depletion requires efforts oriented on restoration of soil humus stock, concomitant with P fertilization.
{"title":"Humus stock degradation and its impact on phosphorus forms in arable soils – a case of the Ukrainian Forest-Steppe Zone","authors":"W. Spychalski, W. Grzebisz, J. Diatta, D. Kostarev","doi":"10.1080/09542299.2018.1457985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09542299.2018.1457985","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Soil humus degradation strengthens nutrient mining, especially phosphorus. This study was carried out on the Ukrainian Forest-Steppe Zone (UFSZ). A total of 21 soil profiles have been investigated: 11 Phaeozems, 6 Luvisols, and 4 Chernozems. Soils were tested for particle size distribution, calcium carbonate (CC), pH, and organic carbon (Corg). The evaluation of humus degradation as a reason of P depletion was performed based on indicators such as Humus Stock Gap (HSG), Humus Stability Index (S), and Yield Gap/Gain (YG/G). In order to evaluate the degree of P depletion, total phosphorus (Ptot) and its five fractions: water soluble – PH2O, exchangeable – PEX, bound to Fe and Al – PFe/Al, bound to Ca – PCa, and residual P – Pres, have been determined. Data revealed that in 14 of 21 investigated soils, S indices were below the threshold its value of nine, considered as the balanced content of humus with respect to soil texture. Next, in 11 of 21 cases, the negative humus balance indicates the yield gap in Phaeozems and Chernozems. The first three P pools (PH2O, PEX and PAl/Fe) in Phaeozems were exhausted, constituting less than 10% of the Ptot. In Phaeozems, PAl/Fe, in Luvisols, PEX, and in Chernozems, PH2O fractions were basic indicators of available P status. Their pools were directly or indirectly controlled by PCa. Humus content in Phaeozems and Chernozems revealed as the key factor impacting both total P and/or its available resources. Amelioration of P depletion requires efforts oriented on restoration of soil humus stock, concomitant with P fertilization.","PeriodicalId":55264,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Speciation and Bioavailability","volume":"30 1","pages":"33 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09542299.2018.1457985","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46332412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.1080/09542299.2018.1507689
Pogisego Dinake, Rosemary Kelebemang, Nicholas Sehube, Obed Kamwi, Masego Laetsang
ABSTRACT Risk assessment indices such as risk assessment code (RAC), potential ecological risk index (PERI), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF) and enrichment factor (EF) provide a good measure of environmental risk posed by Pb accumulated in shooting range soils as opposed to total Pb concentration. For this reason, the S/P Pistol shooting range, even though accumulated lower concentration of Pb (685±218 mg/kg), exhibited ‘very high risk’ to the environment with RAC value of 77 exceeding the 51 set guideline value for ‘very high risk’ with a significant margin compared to MAT R2 (20888±5419 mg/kg) at RAC value of 48 and highest total Pb concentration. This implies that mobility and bioavailability of Pb at S/P Pistol shooting range will be higher posing a greater risk to biota even though contamination from Pb is low. Best shooting range management practices and low cost remedial actions such as phytoremediation and chemical immobilization should be carried out as soon as possible to minimize the bioavailability and mobility of Pb in the studied shooting ranges.
{"title":"Quantitative assessment of environmental risk from lead pollution of shooting range soils","authors":"Pogisego Dinake, Rosemary Kelebemang, Nicholas Sehube, Obed Kamwi, Masego Laetsang","doi":"10.1080/09542299.2018.1507689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09542299.2018.1507689","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Risk assessment indices such as risk assessment code (RAC), potential ecological risk index (PERI), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF) and enrichment factor (EF) provide a good measure of environmental risk posed by Pb accumulated in shooting range soils as opposed to total Pb concentration. For this reason, the S/P Pistol shooting range, even though accumulated lower concentration of Pb (685±218 mg/kg), exhibited ‘very high risk’ to the environment with RAC value of 77 exceeding the 51 set guideline value for ‘very high risk’ with a significant margin compared to MAT R2 (20888±5419 mg/kg) at RAC value of 48 and highest total Pb concentration. This implies that mobility and bioavailability of Pb at S/P Pistol shooting range will be higher posing a greater risk to biota even though contamination from Pb is low. Best shooting range management practices and low cost remedial actions such as phytoremediation and chemical immobilization should be carried out as soon as possible to minimize the bioavailability and mobility of Pb in the studied shooting ranges.","PeriodicalId":55264,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Speciation and Bioavailability","volume":"30 1","pages":"76 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09542299.2018.1507689","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49364505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.1080/09542299.2018.1520050
Hao Chen
ABSTRACT With the fast-developing nanotechnology, metal based nanoparticles (NPs) production and application are increased significantly. These metal based NPs can enter agricultural land through both direct and indirect pathways. This review presents an overview of the fate and transport of metal based NPs and their interactions with plants in agricultural ecosystem system. The physical chemical properties of both metal based NPs (e.g. size, surface charge, surface coating) and soil matrix (e.g. pH, ionic strength, mineral composition, dissolved organic matter) all play important roles in determining the mobility, transformation and potential risks of metal based NPs in plant and soil system. NPs can be accumulated to plant roots and translocated to other parts of the plants. The properties of both plant and metal based NPs are playing critical roles to this process. Systematic research of metal based NPs in environmentally relevant concentrations and conditions is needed for the future study.
{"title":"Metal based nanoparticles in agricultural system: behavior, transport, and interaction with plants","authors":"Hao Chen","doi":"10.1080/09542299.2018.1520050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09542299.2018.1520050","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT With the fast-developing nanotechnology, metal based nanoparticles (NPs) production and application are increased significantly. These metal based NPs can enter agricultural land through both direct and indirect pathways. This review presents an overview of the fate and transport of metal based NPs and their interactions with plants in agricultural ecosystem system. The physical chemical properties of both metal based NPs (e.g. size, surface charge, surface coating) and soil matrix (e.g. pH, ionic strength, mineral composition, dissolved organic matter) all play important roles in determining the mobility, transformation and potential risks of metal based NPs in plant and soil system. NPs can be accumulated to plant roots and translocated to other parts of the plants. The properties of both plant and metal based NPs are playing critical roles to this process. Systematic research of metal based NPs in environmentally relevant concentrations and conditions is needed for the future study.","PeriodicalId":55264,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Speciation and Bioavailability","volume":"30 1","pages":"123 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09542299.2018.1520050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45635082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.1080/09542299.2018.1487775
Xiaoqing Zhao, Shen Yi, S. Dong, Hongxia Xu, Yuanyuan Sun, Xin Hu
ABSTRACT Adsorption of levofloxacin (LEV) onto four types of magnesium (Mg)-impregnated biochars, fabricated via thermal pyrolysis of wood chips pretreated with MgSO4 was investigated. The Mg-impregnated biochars were characterized with various tools and techniques. Batch sorption experiments were conducted to determine the sorption kinetics and isotherms of LEV onto the Mg-impregnated biochars. The pseudo-second order kinetic model described the adsorption kinetic data better than the pseudo-first order kinetic model and the Elovich equation. Due to multi-mechanisms, the Freundlich model described the experimental isotherms better than the Langmuir model. The Langmuir maximum adsorption capacities of the Mg-impregnated biochars to LEV ranged from 7.38 to 25.2 mg g−1. In the fixed-bed column experiment, higher bed height and lower flow rate led to greater LEV removal. Findings from this work indicate that Mg-impregnated biochars can be used as an alternative adsorbent to effectively remove LEV from aqueous solutions.
{"title":"Removal of Levofloxacin from aqueous solution by Magnesium-impregnated Biochar: batch and column experiments","authors":"Xiaoqing Zhao, Shen Yi, S. Dong, Hongxia Xu, Yuanyuan Sun, Xin Hu","doi":"10.1080/09542299.2018.1487775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09542299.2018.1487775","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Adsorption of levofloxacin (LEV) onto four types of magnesium (Mg)-impregnated biochars, fabricated via thermal pyrolysis of wood chips pretreated with MgSO4 was investigated. The Mg-impregnated biochars were characterized with various tools and techniques. Batch sorption experiments were conducted to determine the sorption kinetics and isotherms of LEV onto the Mg-impregnated biochars. The pseudo-second order kinetic model described the adsorption kinetic data better than the pseudo-first order kinetic model and the Elovich equation. Due to multi-mechanisms, the Freundlich model described the experimental isotherms better than the Langmuir model. The Langmuir maximum adsorption capacities of the Mg-impregnated biochars to LEV ranged from 7.38 to 25.2 mg g−1. In the fixed-bed column experiment, higher bed height and lower flow rate led to greater LEV removal. Findings from this work indicate that Mg-impregnated biochars can be used as an alternative adsorbent to effectively remove LEV from aqueous solutions.","PeriodicalId":55264,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Speciation and Bioavailability","volume":"30 1","pages":"68 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09542299.2018.1487775","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48827872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.1080/09542299.2018.1487774
Jiang-hong Zhang, Bing Huang, Liang Chen, Yang Li, Wei Li, Zhuanxi Luo
ABSTRACT The yak manure based biochar was produced at different temperatures of 300, 500 and 700 ℃ held for 3 h, which was characterized by BET surface area, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, pH measurement, analysis, scanning electron microscopy and ultimate analysis. The resultant biochar had characteristics of high surface area, high pH, porous structure and rich nutrients such as N, P, Ca, Mg, and K, inferring that the yak manure-derived biochar could be used as a soil conditioner. The field experiment was conducted to study the effect of yak manure derived biochar amendment on the yield and biological traits of highland barley, revealing that adding biochar to soil could increase the yield and growth of highland barley in short-term although the long-term benefits remain to be quantified. The present results can be useful to fill the knowledge gap regarding the potential of yak manure derived biochar to soil improvement.
{"title":"Characteristics of biochar produced from yak manure at different pyrolysis temperatures and its effects on the yield and growth of highland barley","authors":"Jiang-hong Zhang, Bing Huang, Liang Chen, Yang Li, Wei Li, Zhuanxi Luo","doi":"10.1080/09542299.2018.1487774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09542299.2018.1487774","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The yak manure based biochar was produced at different temperatures of 300, 500 and 700 ℃ held for 3 h, which was characterized by BET surface area, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, pH measurement, analysis, scanning electron microscopy and ultimate analysis. The resultant biochar had characteristics of high surface area, high pH, porous structure and rich nutrients such as N, P, Ca, Mg, and K, inferring that the yak manure-derived biochar could be used as a soil conditioner. The field experiment was conducted to study the effect of yak manure derived biochar amendment on the yield and biological traits of highland barley, revealing that adding biochar to soil could increase the yield and growth of highland barley in short-term although the long-term benefits remain to be quantified. The present results can be useful to fill the knowledge gap regarding the potential of yak manure derived biochar to soil improvement.","PeriodicalId":55264,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Speciation and Bioavailability","volume":"30 1","pages":"57 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09542299.2018.1487774","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44754859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.1080/09542299.2018.1531727
Bi‐Qin Xie, Yanji Jiang, Zhe Zhang, Gang Cao, Huimin Sun, Nong Wang, Shengsen Wang
ABSTRACT The transport of Pb(II) or Cd(II) in subsurface has been studied in the literature; however; their co-transport in porous media in presence of colloids has not been clearly understood. In this work, a series of column experiments were conducted to study Pb(II) and Cd(II) co-transport in saturated porous media under various experimental conditions with different combination of colloidal solution (montmorillonite colloid, manual loessial soil colloid and humic acid), flow rate (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 ml min−1) and sand grain size (0.4–0.8mm and 0.8–2.0mm). The results showed that increase of flow rate and grain size promoted the mobility of Pb(II) and Cd(II), furthermore, the presences of mobile colloids also enhanced the mobility of the two heavy metals, meanwhile, Cd(II) showed higher mobility than Pb(II) in the columns. Findings from this work enhanced current understanding of the competitive transport and colloid-facilitated transport of heavy metals in saturated porous media.
文献研究了Pb(II)或Cd(II)在地下的输运;然而;它们在有胶体存在的多孔介质中的共输运尚不清楚。在不同的实验条件下，采用不同的胶体溶液(蒙脱土胶体、人工黄土胶体和腐殖酸)组合、流速(0.1、0.5和1.0 ml min - 1)和砂粒尺寸(0.4-0.8mm和0.8-2.0mm)，研究了Pb(II)和Cd(II)在饱和多孔介质中的共输移。结果表明，流速和粒径的增加促进了Pb(II)和Cd(II)的迁移率，流动胶体的存在也增强了这两种重金属的迁移率，同时Cd(II)在柱中的迁移率高于Pb(II)。这项工作的发现增强了目前对饱和多孔介质中重金属的竞争性运输和胶体促进运输的理解。
{"title":"Co-transport of Pb (II) and Cd (II) in saturated porous media: effects of colloids, flow rate and grain size","authors":"Bi‐Qin Xie, Yanji Jiang, Zhe Zhang, Gang Cao, Huimin Sun, Nong Wang, Shengsen Wang","doi":"10.1080/09542299.2018.1531727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09542299.2018.1531727","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The transport of Pb(II) or Cd(II) in subsurface has been studied in the literature; however; their co-transport in porous media in presence of colloids has not been clearly understood. In this work, a series of column experiments were conducted to study Pb(II) and Cd(II) co-transport in saturated porous media under various experimental conditions with different combination of colloidal solution (montmorillonite colloid, manual loessial soil colloid and humic acid), flow rate (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 ml min−1) and sand grain size (0.4–0.8mm and 0.8–2.0mm). The results showed that increase of flow rate and grain size promoted the mobility of Pb(II) and Cd(II), furthermore, the presences of mobile colloids also enhanced the mobility of the two heavy metals, meanwhile, Cd(II) showed higher mobility than Pb(II) in the columns. Findings from this work enhanced current understanding of the competitive transport and colloid-facilitated transport of heavy metals in saturated porous media.","PeriodicalId":55264,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Speciation and Bioavailability","volume":"30 1","pages":"135 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09542299.2018.1531727","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42999348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.1080/09542299.2018.1507690
G. U. Sikakwe, A. Otele, B. N. Ozibo
ABSTRACT Chemical speciation was carried out on trace and rare earth elements on trace and rare earth elements data on water samples in Oban Massif and Mamfe Mbayment southeastern Nigeria. Product moment correlation showed significant correlation at r>0.7 between REEs Pr and Nd, Pr and Lu, Sm and Nd, Sm and Pr, Tb and Nd, Tm and Tb, and Yb and Nd. Speciation modeling result showed that free metal ionic species dominated boreholes and spring water samples. The predominant trace metal complex is the OH- ligand. Trace elements mineral saturation indexes in boreholes at oversaturation (S>1) predicted more mineral species than equilibrium saturation (S=0). Rare earth elements mineral oversaturation (S>1) in boreholes predicted least mineral species. Undersaturation (S<1) predicted highest range of rare earth elements minerals. Springs and streams at S>1, predicted more mineral range than equilibrium (S=O) while mineral prediction at S<1 were the highest. Rare earth elements are precipitated at undersaturated condition in the study area.
{"title":"Chemical speciation and complexation modeling of trace and rare earth elements in groundwater of Oban Massif and Mamfe mMbayment southeastern Nigeria","authors":"G. U. Sikakwe, A. Otele, B. N. Ozibo","doi":"10.1080/09542299.2018.1507690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09542299.2018.1507690","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Chemical speciation was carried out on trace and rare earth elements on trace and rare earth elements data on water samples in Oban Massif and Mamfe Mbayment southeastern Nigeria. Product moment correlation showed significant correlation at r>0.7 between REEs Pr and Nd, Pr and Lu, Sm and Nd, Sm and Pr, Tb and Nd, Tm and Tb, and Yb and Nd. Speciation modeling result showed that free metal ionic species dominated boreholes and spring water samples. The predominant trace metal complex is the OH- ligand. Trace elements mineral saturation indexes in boreholes at oversaturation (S>1) predicted more mineral species than equilibrium saturation (S=0). Rare earth elements mineral oversaturation (S>1) in boreholes predicted least mineral species. Undersaturation (S<1) predicted highest range of rare earth elements minerals. Springs and streams at S>1, predicted more mineral range than equilibrium (S=O) while mineral prediction at S<1 were the highest. Rare earth elements are precipitated at undersaturated condition in the study area.","PeriodicalId":55264,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Speciation and Bioavailability","volume":"30 1","pages":"86 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09542299.2018.1507690","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42277803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.1080/09542299.2018.1446766
W. Yang, Hanran Xiao, Ye Li, D. Miao
Abstract Columnar sediment samples were collected from five representative river inflow areas of Dianchi Lake, China. The vertical distribution of each form of P were tested. Results showed that the concentration of TP in the sediments from areas A, B, C, D and E in the order of D > B > A > C > E, and the average concentration of D, B, A, C and E were 2991, 2064, 1308, 879, and 759 mg•kg−1, respectively. The concentration of Ex-P, Fe/Al-P, Ca-P and Org-P all decreased with increasing depth. The release of Ex-P was significantly related to TP whereas the Fe/Al-P was not significantly related to TP in the samples from areas polluted by domestic sewage. However, the release of Ex-P and Fe/Al-P were both significantly related to TP in the samples from areas polluted by phosphate mining and phosphate fertilizer application. The results of equilibrium P concentration (EPC0) analysis showed that P in the sediments of areas A, D and E were the source of P in Dianchi Lake, and the P in the sediments of areas B and C were in relative equilibrium with the overlying water.
摘要/ Abstract摘要:对滇池5个代表性河流来源区进行柱状沉积物取样。测定了各形态磷的垂直分布。结果表明:A区、B区、C区、D区和E区沉积物中TP的浓度依次为D > B > A > C > E, D、B、A、C和E的平均浓度分别为2991、2064、1308、879和759 mg•kg−1。Ex-P、Fe/Al-P、Ca-P和Org-P浓度均随深度增加而降低。生活污水污染地区样品中Ex-P的释放与TP有显著相关性，而Fe/Al-P与TP无显著相关性。而在磷矿和磷肥污染地区，样品中Ex-P和Fe/Al-P的释放均与TP呈显著相关。平衡磷浓度(EPC0)分析结果表明，A、D、E区沉积物中的磷是滇池磷的来源，B、C区沉积物中的磷与上覆水体处于相对平衡状态。
{"title":"Vertical distribution and release characteristics of phosphorus forms in the sediments from the river inflow area of Dianchi Lake, China","authors":"W. Yang, Hanran Xiao, Ye Li, D. Miao","doi":"10.1080/09542299.2018.1446766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09542299.2018.1446766","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Columnar sediment samples were collected from five representative river inflow areas of Dianchi Lake, China. The vertical distribution of each form of P were tested. Results showed that the concentration of TP in the sediments from areas A, B, C, D and E in the order of D > B > A > C > E, and the average concentration of D, B, A, C and E were 2991, 2064, 1308, 879, and 759 mg•kg−1, respectively. The concentration of Ex-P, Fe/Al-P, Ca-P and Org-P all decreased with increasing depth. The release of Ex-P was significantly related to TP whereas the Fe/Al-P was not significantly related to TP in the samples from areas polluted by domestic sewage. However, the release of Ex-P and Fe/Al-P were both significantly related to TP in the samples from areas polluted by phosphate mining and phosphate fertilizer application. The results of equilibrium P concentration (EPC0) analysis showed that P in the sediments of areas A, D and E were the source of P in Dianchi Lake, and the P in the sediments of areas B and C were in relative equilibrium with the overlying water.","PeriodicalId":55264,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Speciation and Bioavailability","volume":"30 1","pages":"14 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09542299.2018.1446766","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41550453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.1080/09542299.2018.1509020
Sha Chen, Fan Feng, Sumei Li, Xiao-Xin Li, Lun Shu
ABSTRACT A Zr-based stable metal-organic frameworks DUT-67 (Zr) was successfully synthesized as an adsorbent to remove trace mercury and methylmercury ions in aqueous solution. The removal efficiency of 90% and 55% of Hg2+ and CH3Hg+ was respectively achieved at pH 6 and 55°C. The S in thiophene has a relatively weak adsorption capacity for mercury and there could be the slight π-complexation between thiophere ring of DUT-67 (Zr) and Hg2+ besides physical absorption, while there only was physical adsorption between DUT-67 (Zr) and CH3Hg+. The developed methods were applied to remove trace Hg2+ and CH3Hg+ in the real water samples, and the removal efficiency was from 69% to 90% and from 30% to 77% respectively; when the concentrations of Hg2+ was lower than 20 μg L−1 in the samples, the remaining mercury concentration was lower than 1 μg L−1，which can meet the standard of the World Health Organization.
{"title":"Metal-organic framework DUT-67 (Zr) for adsorptive removal of trace Hg2+ and CH3Hg+ in water","authors":"Sha Chen, Fan Feng, Sumei Li, Xiao-Xin Li, Lun Shu","doi":"10.1080/09542299.2018.1509020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09542299.2018.1509020","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A Zr-based stable metal-organic frameworks DUT-67 (Zr) was successfully synthesized as an adsorbent to remove trace mercury and methylmercury ions in aqueous solution. The removal efficiency of 90% and 55% of Hg2+ and CH3Hg+ was respectively achieved at pH 6 and 55°C. The S in thiophene has a relatively weak adsorption capacity for mercury and there could be the slight π-complexation between thiophere ring of DUT-67 (Zr) and Hg2+ besides physical absorption, while there only was physical adsorption between DUT-67 (Zr) and CH3Hg+. The developed methods were applied to remove trace Hg2+ and CH3Hg+ in the real water samples, and the removal efficiency was from 69% to 90% and from 30% to 77% respectively; when the concentrations of Hg2+ was lower than 20 μg L−1 in the samples, the remaining mercury concentration was lower than 1 μg L−1，which can meet the standard of the World Health Organization.","PeriodicalId":55264,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Speciation and Bioavailability","volume":"30 1","pages":"106 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09542299.2018.1509020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46415370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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