In this article we present the history of the exploration and exploitation of solid hydrocarbons in what has been known for a long time as the Bacino Minerario Abruzzese (Abruzzo petroleum district), in Central Italy, in the first part of the 20th century.From the antiquity, bitumen and asphalt were locally collected from surface seeps. Industrial scale extraction started in the second half of the 19th century, with Italian and foreign companies. AfterWorld War I, the Italian government repossessed the bitumen exploitation concessions hold by foreigners and re-assigned them to Italian entities. Afterwards, during the Fascist period, the government stepped up the pace of industrial development under the autarky (self-sufficiency) policy.From a technical standpoint, positive results were achieved thanks to the continuous support of geological evaluation studies. Also today these areas represent an important calibration and analogue forgeoscientists to evaluate hydrocarbon residual potential in the whole region.The title of this article was inspired by the words used by geologist Giovanni Capellini (1833-1922) in his historical evaluation work of the bitumen deposits of the Maiella Mountain north-westflank (Capellini, 1866).
{"title":"“Dighe di pece e di asfalto”: Bitumen exploitation history in the Abruzzo region (Central Italy) across the 20th century","authors":"L. Lipparini, Francesco Gerali, R. Bencini","doi":"10.3301/ROL.2018.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3301/ROL.2018.09","url":null,"abstract":"In this article we present the history of the exploration and exploitation of solid hydrocarbons in what has been known for a long time as the Bacino Minerario Abruzzese (Abruzzo petroleum district), in Central Italy, in the first part of the 20th century.From the antiquity, bitumen and asphalt were locally collected from surface seeps. Industrial scale extraction started in the second half of the 19th century, with Italian and foreign companies. AfterWorld War I, the Italian government repossessed the bitumen exploitation concessions hold by foreigners and re-assigned them to Italian entities. Afterwards, during the Fascist period, the government stepped up the pace of industrial development under the autarky (self-sufficiency) policy.From a technical standpoint, positive results were achieved thanks to the continuous support of geological evaluation studies. Also today these areas represent an important calibration and analogue forgeoscientists to evaluate hydrocarbon residual potential in the whole region.The title of this article was inspired by the words used by geologist Giovanni Capellini (1833-1922) in his historical evaluation work of the bitumen deposits of the Maiella Mountain north-westflank (Capellini, 1866).","PeriodicalId":55341,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino Della Societa Geologica Italiana","volume":"23 1","pages":"58-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80494779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Argentieri, Domenico Cosentino, G. D. Piaz, F. Pantaloni, A. Zuccari
For almost fifty years, the spirit and core values of the Italian Geological Society have been preserved with the help of a particular person: its historical General Secretary Achille Zuccari (1926-2015). In 2016, after long time, a general assembly of the scientific institution firstly took place without that bow-tie wearing gentleman and his inseparable Tuscan cigar. The History of Geology Section has therefore organized a commemoration during the 88th SGI Meeting in Naples, collecting testimonies of Achille's colleagues and friends.Born in Rome in 1926, he spent his childhood in Littoria (nowadays Latina) and then moved to Rome obtaining his high school diploma at Cavour Scientific Lyceum. As a working student(since 1952, he was employee of the national telephone company), Zuccari graduated in Geological Sciences at the University of Rome La Sapienza in 1959, under the supervision of Carmelo Maxia, with a thesis on the geology of middle Aniene River valley. In 1962, he married Anna Tilia, a girl met in the childhood, who became a micropaleontologist and stratigrapher under the guide of Angiola Maria Maccagno. In the same year, President Antonio Segni appointed Zuccari Cavaliere della Repubblica Italiana.In the earlier part of his career, he published a few papers concerning the geomorphology of the Aniene Basin, contributing in those years to the development of the discipline in central Italy, incooperation with Elvidio Lupia Palmieri and Giancarlo Avena. In the '60s, he was assistant of Roberto Colacicchi and joined the Italian Glaciological Committee, participating to several scientific campaigns during that decade. At the end of this period, he passed the qualifyingexamination for teaching.Member of the Italian Geological Society since 1955, he was firstly Treasurer and Secretary (1967-69) and then, continuously from 1970 to 2011, General Secretary. Because of the charge, since 1967 he was also Editorial Manager of the SGI publications.In our vision, progress of science depends from the contribution of all the members of a community, including those working not in the spotlight. Achille Zuccari was the perfect example of such a lifestyle. Thus, the History of Geology Section, celebrating its fifth anniversary, decidedto dedicate this Special Volume Three centuries of geology in Italy of the Rendiconti online della Societa Geologica Italiana to his memory.
{"title":"Ritratto di un gentiluomo con il papillon: Achille Zuccari, Segretario Generale della Società Geologica Italiana","authors":"A. Argentieri, Domenico Cosentino, G. D. Piaz, F. Pantaloni, A. Zuccari","doi":"10.3301/ROL.2018.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3301/ROL.2018.01","url":null,"abstract":"For almost fifty years, the spirit and core values of the Italian Geological Society have been preserved with the help of a particular person: its historical General Secretary Achille Zuccari (1926-2015). In 2016, after long time, a general assembly of the scientific institution firstly took place without that bow-tie wearing gentleman and his inseparable Tuscan cigar. The History of Geology Section has therefore organized a commemoration during the 88th SGI Meeting in Naples, collecting testimonies of Achille's colleagues and friends.Born in Rome in 1926, he spent his childhood in Littoria (nowadays Latina) and then moved to Rome obtaining his high school diploma at Cavour Scientific Lyceum. As a working student(since 1952, he was employee of the national telephone company), Zuccari graduated in Geological Sciences at the University of Rome La Sapienza in 1959, under the supervision of Carmelo Maxia, with a thesis on the geology of middle Aniene River valley. In 1962, he married Anna Tilia, a girl met in the childhood, who became a micropaleontologist and stratigrapher under the guide of Angiola Maria Maccagno. In the same year, President Antonio Segni appointed Zuccari Cavaliere della Repubblica Italiana.In the earlier part of his career, he published a few papers concerning the geomorphology of the Aniene Basin, contributing in those years to the development of the discipline in central Italy, incooperation with Elvidio Lupia Palmieri and Giancarlo Avena. In the '60s, he was assistant of Roberto Colacicchi and joined the Italian Glaciological Committee, participating to several scientific campaigns during that decade. At the end of this period, he passed the qualifyingexamination for teaching.Member of the Italian Geological Society since 1955, he was firstly Treasurer and Secretary (1967-69) and then, continuously from 1970 to 2011, General Secretary. Because of the charge, since 1967 he was also Editorial Manager of the SGI publications.In our vision, progress of science depends from the contribution of all the members of a community, including those working not in the spotlight. Achille Zuccari was the perfect example of such a lifestyle. Thus, the History of Geology Section, celebrating its fifth anniversary, decidedto dedicate this Special Volume Three centuries of geology in Italy of the Rendiconti online della Societa Geologica Italiana to his memory.","PeriodicalId":55341,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino Della Societa Geologica Italiana","volume":"10 1","pages":"3-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81529515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Universal Exhibition in 1878 was held in Paris and three years later Bologna hosted the 2nd International Geological Congress.In occasion of those events, the priority of the Regio Ufficio Geologico d'Italia (Geological Survey of Italy) was the completion of small scale geological maps. It was clear that there were many gaps in the geological knowledge of large areas, especially in the Southern part of the peninsula, and it was therefore necessary to collect all available geological data. In the historical Archive of Geological Survey of Italy - ISPRA, two unpublished documents by Giovanni Battista Bruno, engineer of the Corpo Reale del Genio Civile (Royal Corps of Civil Engineers), which provided a helpful contributionin achieving that goals. The most important is a geological map at 1:114,000 scale, exhibited in Paris, acompanied by a table of geological sections and supported by a manuscript dated 1878. The historical value of this documents is significant because, despite interpretation results were largely superseded by later studies, they provided field data that were innovative with respect to state of the art in such historical period. The rediscovery of these documents provides new elements about the history of geological interpretation of the Southern Apennines.
1878年世界博览会在巴黎举行，三年后博洛尼亚主办了第二届国际地质大会。在这些事件中，意大利地质调查局的优先事项是完成小比例尺地质图。很明显，在广大地区，特别是在半岛南部的地质知识方面存在许多空白，因此有必要收集所有现有的地质数据。在意大利地质调查历史档案馆(ISPRA)中，有两份未发表的文件，由皇家土木工程兵团(Corpo Reale del Genio Civile)的工程师乔瓦尼·巴蒂斯塔·布鲁诺(Giovanni Battista Bruno)撰写，为实现这一目标做出了有益的贡献。其中最重要的是一幅在巴黎展出的1:11 . 4万比例尺的地质图，附有一张地质剖面表，并附有一份1878年的手稿。这些文件的历史价值是重要的，因为尽管解释结果在很大程度上被后来的研究所取代，但它们提供的现场数据在这一历史时期的艺术状态方面是创新的。这些文献的重新发现为南亚平宁山脉的地质解释史提供了新的元素。
{"title":"Cartografia geologica del confine calabro-lucano alla fine del XIX secolo: il contributo di Giovanni Battista Bruno, amatore di geologia","authors":"P. Perini","doi":"10.3301/ROL.2018.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3301/ROL.2018.07","url":null,"abstract":"The Universal Exhibition in 1878 was held in Paris and three years later Bologna hosted the 2nd International Geological Congress.In occasion of those events, the priority of the Regio Ufficio Geologico d'Italia (Geological Survey of Italy) was the completion of small scale geological maps. It was clear that there were many gaps in the geological knowledge of large areas, especially in the Southern part of the peninsula, and it was therefore necessary to collect all available geological data. In the historical Archive of Geological Survey of Italy - ISPRA, two unpublished documents by Giovanni Battista Bruno, engineer of the Corpo Reale del Genio Civile (Royal Corps of Civil Engineers), which provided a helpful contributionin achieving that goals. The most important is a geological map at 1:114,000 scale, exhibited in Paris, acompanied by a table of geological sections and supported by a manuscript dated 1878. The historical value of this documents is significant because, despite interpretation results were largely superseded by later studies, they provided field data that were innovative with respect to state of the art in such historical period. The rediscovery of these documents provides new elements about the history of geological interpretation of the Southern Apennines.","PeriodicalId":55341,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino Della Societa Geologica Italiana","volume":"86 1","pages":"45-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73196067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article we present some episodes of history of the exploration and exploitation of hydrocarbons in the Pescara Basin (Abruzzo region, Central Italy) during the 20th century.The Tocco da Casauria oil district of this basin have one of the the longest history of exploration and production of hydrocarbons in Italy. Also today this area, together with the nearby Alanno-Scafa area, represents an important calibration for geoscientists to evaluate the hydrocarbon residual potential in the whole region.The history of this oil province, the activities of the first entrepreneurs, geologists and the companies that led to the development of a modern industry in the area are a significant example of the process of transformation and modernization of the national oil system experienced in Italy along the 20th century.The title of this article is inspired by the Istituto LUCE news clip of 7th October 1955 celebrating with emphatic words the discovery of crude oil in the subsurface of the Abruzzo region.
在这篇文章中，我们介绍了20世纪在佩斯卡拉盆地(意大利中部阿布鲁佐地区)勘探和开采碳氢化合物的一些历史事件。该盆地的Tocco da Casauria油区是意大利勘探和生产碳氢化合物历史最长的地区之一。今天，该地区与附近的alno - scafa地区一起，代表了地球科学家评估整个地区油气残留潜力的重要校准。这个石油省的历史，第一批企业家、地质学家和公司的活动，导致了该地区现代工业的发展，是20世纪意大利国家石油系统转型和现代化过程的一个重要例子。本文标题的灵感来自1955年10月7日的instituto LUCE新闻剪辑，以强调的语言庆祝在Abruzzo地区地下发现原油。
{"title":"Sgorga il Petrolio dalla Terra d'Abruzzo: oil exploration and production history in the Abruzzo region (Central Italy) across the 20th century","authors":"L. Lipparini, R. Bencini, Francesco Gerali","doi":"10.3301/ROL.2018.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3301/ROL.2018.08","url":null,"abstract":"In this article we present some episodes of history of the exploration and exploitation of hydrocarbons in the Pescara Basin (Abruzzo region, Central Italy) during the 20th century.The Tocco da Casauria oil district of this basin have one of the the longest history of exploration and production of hydrocarbons in Italy. Also today this area, together with the nearby Alanno-Scafa area, represents an important calibration for geoscientists to evaluate the hydrocarbon residual potential in the whole region.The history of this oil province, the activities of the first entrepreneurs, geologists and the companies that led to the development of a modern industry in the area are a significant example of the process of transformation and modernization of the national oil system experienced in Italy along the 20th century.The title of this article is inspired by the Istituto LUCE news clip of 7th October 1955 celebrating with emphatic words the discovery of crude oil in the subsurface of the Abruzzo region.","PeriodicalId":55341,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino Della Societa Geologica Italiana","volume":"61 1","pages":"51-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73985635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is a widely diffused opinion that the knowledge of the geologic features of the Calabrian territory may be referred to the early XX century; nevertheless, a thorough investigation carried out in thecartographic collection of the ISPRA Library, that preserves the historical heritage of the Geological Survey of Italy, allowed to access and analyze original XIX century maps of undoubted scientificinterest. The precursor of all 'modern' geological studies in Calabria was Leopoldo Pilla, who analyzed the relationships between the intrusive units and sedimentary successions in the '30s, soon after followed by the German naturalist Rodolfo A. Philippi. Appended to a handwritten Italian translation of a paper of Philippi we have found some geological sketches of the Calabrian region; despite their uncertain attribution, they most likely represent preparatory drafts for a final publication, and are, to date, the first known geological maps of the region. After the mentioned pioneers, up to the '70s, only few authors dealt with the geology of Calabria, and a surprising finding of our research was the discovery of a map and a document drawn up by S. Giancossi, which was however almost ignored by the scientific community. The interest for the geology of Calabria wasrenewed in the '70s of the XIX century, first by Gerhard vom Rath and then by Vincenzo Rambotti. Subsequently and until the end of the XIX century, just prior to the publication of the Calabrian sheets of the official cartographic map at 1:100,000 scale of the Geological Survey of Italy, many projects of geological mapping were carried out by several geologists, including Carlo De Stefani, Renato Fucini, Giuseppe Seguenza and, above all, Domenico Lovisato. Between 1878 and 1881 Lovisato, appointed by the Royal Geological Committee, realized a geological map in 32 sheets of Northern Calabria on the 1:50,000 scale, that represents the first geological map of the region conceived in a modern way. Undoubtedly, this work was the milestone for the production of the official cartography, realized since 1895 under the direction of Emilio Cortese.La Calabria [ . . . ] merita una visita degli scienziati italiani e stranieri per la sua costituzione geologica vedendo noi laggiu, in quell'estremo lembo di terra continentale riprodotte le nostre Alpi settentrionali di Piemonte e Lombardia, con tali analogie nelle forme litologiche di quelle contrade che sono piu varie che nella settentrionale Italia, da confonderne le une colle altre.(Estratto da Relazione geologica sulla missione in Calabria, da Domenico Lovisato a Felice Giordano, 25 novembre 1880. Archivio Servizio Geologico d'Italia - ISPRA, Faldone 1880-1886).
{"title":"La cartografia geologica in Calabria nel XIX secolo","authors":"F. Console, Simone Fabbi, M. Pantaloni","doi":"10.3301/ROL.2018.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3301/ROL.2018.17","url":null,"abstract":"It is a widely diffused opinion that the knowledge of the geologic features of the Calabrian territory may be referred to the early XX century; nevertheless, a thorough investigation carried out in thecartographic collection of the ISPRA Library, that preserves the historical heritage of the Geological Survey of Italy, allowed to access and analyze original XIX century maps of undoubted scientificinterest. The precursor of all 'modern' geological studies in Calabria was Leopoldo Pilla, who analyzed the relationships between the intrusive units and sedimentary successions in the '30s, soon after followed by the German naturalist Rodolfo A. Philippi. Appended to a handwritten Italian translation of a paper of Philippi we have found some geological sketches of the Calabrian region; despite their uncertain attribution, they most likely represent preparatory drafts for a final publication, and are, to date, the first known geological maps of the region. After the mentioned pioneers, up to the '70s, only few authors dealt with the geology of Calabria, and a surprising finding of our research was the discovery of a map and a document drawn up by S. Giancossi, which was however almost ignored by the scientific community. The interest for the geology of Calabria wasrenewed in the '70s of the XIX century, first by Gerhard vom Rath and then by Vincenzo Rambotti. Subsequently and until the end of the XIX century, just prior to the publication of the Calabrian sheets of the official cartographic map at 1:100,000 scale of the Geological Survey of Italy, many projects of geological mapping were carried out by several geologists, including Carlo De Stefani, Renato Fucini, Giuseppe Seguenza and, above all, Domenico Lovisato. Between 1878 and 1881 Lovisato, appointed by the Royal Geological Committee, realized a geological map in 32 sheets of Northern Calabria on the 1:50,000 scale, that represents the first geological map of the region conceived in a modern way. Undoubtedly, this work was the milestone for the production of the official cartography, realized since 1895 under the direction of Emilio Cortese.La Calabria [ . . . ] merita una visita degli scienziati italiani e stranieri per la sua costituzione geologica vedendo noi laggiu, in quell'estremo lembo di terra continentale riprodotte le nostre Alpi settentrionali di Piemonte e Lombardia, con tali analogie nelle forme litologiche di quelle contrade che sono piu varie che nella settentrionale Italia, da confonderne le une colle altre.(Estratto da Relazione geologica sulla missione in Calabria, da Domenico Lovisato a Felice Giordano, 25 novembre 1880. Archivio Servizio Geologico d'Italia - ISPRA, Faldone 1880-1886).","PeriodicalId":55341,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino Della Societa Geologica Italiana","volume":"74 1","pages":"119-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79231240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The carbonate succession cropping out in the Upper Aniene Valley was studied since the last decade of the XIX century. Before, only generic mentions to the fossil content of carbonate rocks were made. Since the year 1890 the interest of geologists for this part of Italy grew up, mostly due to the finding of an abundant rudist fauna from the Monte Affilano quarry (Central Apennines), where a high quality and very versatile lithoid material known as Subiaco stone was extracted; the remarkable well preserved rudist bivalves found in the quarry made possible the establishment of the new genus Sabinia and four species. Starting from this locality, the whole Mesozoic carbonate succession was then studied, leading in only a few years to the definition of an almost continue Upper Triassic/Upper Cretaceous succession. Subsequently, between 1920 and 1930, also the lack of Paleogene rocks was noticed, thus completing the typical picture ofa Meso-Cenozoic carbonate succession including a wide Paleogenic hiatus; the first geological map of the area was therefore published only in 1939.
{"title":"The Subiaco stone and the early studies on the carbonate successions of the Upper Aniene Valley","authors":"S. Fabbi, R. Cestari, Rita Maria Pichezzi","doi":"10.3301/ROL.2018.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3301/ROL.2018.03","url":null,"abstract":"The carbonate succession cropping out in the Upper Aniene Valley was studied since the last decade of the XIX century. Before, only generic mentions to the fossil content of carbonate rocks were made. Since the year 1890 the interest of geologists for this part of Italy grew up, mostly due to the finding of an abundant rudist fauna from the Monte Affilano quarry (Central Apennines), where a high quality and very versatile lithoid material known as Subiaco stone was extracted; the remarkable well preserved rudist bivalves found in the quarry made possible the establishment of the new genus Sabinia and four species. Starting from this locality, the whole Mesozoic carbonate succession was then studied, leading in only a few years to the definition of an almost continue Upper Triassic/Upper Cretaceous succession. Subsequently, between 1920 and 1930, also the lack of Paleogene rocks was noticed, thus completing the typical picture ofa Meso-Cenozoic carbonate succession including a wide Paleogenic hiatus; the first geological map of the area was therefore published only in 1939.","PeriodicalId":55341,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino Della Societa Geologica Italiana","volume":"191 1","pages":"15-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73519813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dopo gli studi pionieristici condotti nei primi anni del 1800 nel settore costiero delle Alpi Marittime da studiosi locali (Risso) e stranieri (Allan, Buckland, De La Beche), i primi studi sistematici nella regione furono condotti a partire dagli anni '40 del 1800 dai geologi e ingegneriminerari del Regno di Sardegna, fra i quali Lorenzo Pareto e Angelo Sismonda, che realizzarono le prime carte geologiche regionali. A partire dal 1860, a seguito della cessione di buona parte del versante meridionale delle Alpi Marittime alla Francia, l'area inizio ad essere studiata con maggiore assiduita dai geologi d'oltralpe, che posero le basi della moderna conoscenza geologica di questo settore di catena.Sul versante italiano, un'accurata revisione della geologia della regione si ebbe in occasione dei rilevamenti a piccola scala avviati dal Regio Ufficio Geologico intorno al 1880 per la preparazione della carta geologica d'Italia a piccola e grande scala. Inizialmente, gli studi di terreno nelle Alpi Marittime vennero condotti da Domenico Zaccagna, coadiuvato soprattutto da Ettore Mattirolo; a partire dal 1888, il rilevamento di questo settore venne affidato a Secondo Franchi. L'intenso lavoro di Franchi porto ad un inquadramento cronostratigrafico sostanzialmente corretto delle successioni sedimentarie e al riconoscimento di un complesso assetto strutturale caratterizzato da importanti faglie ad alto angolo e sovrascorrimenti. Gli studi di questo autore sono ancora oggidocumenti di indiscusso valore scientifico.
1800年代初进行的开拓性研究之后当地沿海领域学者阿尔卑斯(Risso)和外国(Allan Buckland, De La Beche),第一个系统研究20世纪40年代以来在该地区进行了撒丁岛的地质学家和王国ingegneriminerari 1800年,包括洛伦佐·帕累托和天使Sismonda,帝国第一批区域地质地图。从1860年起，随着阿尔卑斯山脉南部的大部分土地被移交给法国，深海地质学家开始对该地区进行更深入的研究，他们为这条链的现代地质知识奠定了基础。在意大利方面，在1880年左右由皇家地质办公室为编制意大利的大尺度和小尺度地质地图而进行的小规模调查中，对该地区的地质进行了彻底的审查。起初，多梅尼科·扎卡尼亚(Domenico Zaccagna)在阿尔卑斯海进行了土壤研究，主要由埃托雷·马蒂罗尔(托雷·马蒂洛)协助。从1888年开始，第二法郎接管了这个部门。法国法郎的辛勤工作导致了对沉积遗产的基本正确的时间框架，并承认了一个复杂的结构结构，其特点是具有重大的、高角度的、过度的断层。这位作者的研究仍然具有无可争议的科学价值。
{"title":"Il periodo d'oro degli studi geologici nelle Alpi Marittime tra il XIX e il XX secolo","authors":"Luca Barale, P. Mosca, G. Fioraso","doi":"10.3301/ROL.2018.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3301/ROL.2018.10","url":null,"abstract":"Dopo gli studi pionieristici condotti nei primi anni del 1800 nel settore costiero delle Alpi Marittime da studiosi locali (Risso) e stranieri (Allan, Buckland, De La Beche), i primi studi sistematici nella regione furono condotti a partire dagli anni '40 del 1800 dai geologi e ingegneriminerari del Regno di Sardegna, fra i quali Lorenzo Pareto e Angelo Sismonda, che realizzarono le prime carte geologiche regionali. A partire dal 1860, a seguito della cessione di buona parte del versante meridionale delle Alpi Marittime alla Francia, l'area inizio ad essere studiata con maggiore assiduita dai geologi d'oltralpe, che posero le basi della moderna conoscenza geologica di questo settore di catena.Sul versante italiano, un'accurata revisione della geologia della regione si ebbe in occasione dei rilevamenti a piccola scala avviati dal Regio Ufficio Geologico intorno al 1880 per la preparazione della carta geologica d'Italia a piccola e grande scala. Inizialmente, gli studi di terreno nelle Alpi Marittime vennero condotti da Domenico Zaccagna, coadiuvato soprattutto da Ettore Mattirolo; a partire dal 1888, il rilevamento di questo settore venne affidato a Secondo Franchi. L'intenso lavoro di Franchi porto ad un inquadramento cronostratigrafico sostanzialmente corretto delle successioni sedimentarie e al riconoscimento di un complesso assetto strutturale caratterizzato da importanti faglie ad alto angolo e sovrascorrimenti. Gli studi di questo autore sono ancora oggidocumenti di indiscusso valore scientifico.","PeriodicalId":55341,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino Della Societa Geologica Italiana","volume":"56 1","pages":"64-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76953156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The National Committee for Nuclear Research (CNRN) was established in 1952 and mainly supported by Felice Ippolito, to promote and develop Italian research in nuclear science and technology. The institution was later incorporated into CNEN (1960) and ENEA (1982). CNRN created the Frascati synchrotron and the nuclear research centers of Ispra in northern Italy and Casaccia near Rome. One of its tasks was the survey for U-Th-bearing ores in Italy, run by the Geology and Mining Division chaired by Felice Ippolito. As regards the Alps, systematic field survey was carried out since 1954 by three geological teams, led by Paolo Baggio, Sergio Lorenzoni and Mario Mittempergher, whereas the scientific assistence and guidelines were entrusted to Angelo Bianchi and Giambattista Dal Piaz, with a view to providing an updated study of the pre-Triassic crystalline basement. This work was synthesized in a typed memoir titled Il Cristallino Antico delle Alpi, con particolare riguardo al versante italiano. Relazione preliminare riservata, Padova 1958, including a synthetic map at 1:1,000,000 scale. From its appearance to the beginning of the eighties, this memoir was the reference work for people addressing such issues as igneous and metamorphic features, as well as structure and overall lithology of the main basement units, all along the inner side of the Alps from Verampio dome - the core of the collisional belt - to the capping Dent Blanche nappe, from the Tauern window to the eastern Austroalpine nappes, and the Southalpine basement.
国家核研究委员会(CNRN)成立于1952年，主要由菲利斯·伊波利托支持，旨在促进和发展意大利在核科学和技术方面的研究。该机构后来被并入CNEN(1960)和ENEA(1982)。CNRN创建了弗拉斯卡蒂同步加速器，并在意大利北部的伊斯普拉和罗马附近的卡萨恰建立了核研究中心。其中一项任务是对意大利含铀矿石进行调查，由Felice Ippolito领导的地质和采矿部门负责。关于阿尔卑斯山，自1954年以来，由Paolo Baggio, Sergio Lorenzoni和Mario Mittempergher领导的三个地质小组进行了系统的实地调查，而科学援助和指导则委托给Angelo Bianchi和Giambattista Dal Piaz，以期提供对前三叠纪结晶基础的最新研究。这项工作被综合在一本名为“Il Cristallino Antico delle Alpi, con particolare rigardo al versante italiano”的打字回忆录中。Relazione初步riservata, Padova 1958，包括1:10万比例尺的合成地图。从它的问世到80年代初，这本回忆录是人们解决诸如火成岩和变质特征，以及主要基底单元的结构和整体岩性等问题的参考书，这些问题沿着阿尔卑斯山脉的内部，从碰撞带的核心Verampio圆顶到盖顶的登特布兰奇推覆体，从陶恩窗口到东奥阿尔卑斯推覆体，以及南阿尔卑斯基底。
{"title":"Felice Ippolito, il Comitato Nazionale per le Ricerche Nucleari e la ricerca di minerali radioattivi nel basamento cristallino delle Alpi","authors":"G. D. Piaz","doi":"10.3301/ROL.2018.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3301/ROL.2018.05","url":null,"abstract":"The National Committee for Nuclear Research (CNRN) was established in 1952 and mainly supported by Felice Ippolito, to promote and develop Italian research in nuclear science and technology. The institution was later incorporated into CNEN (1960) and ENEA (1982). CNRN created the Frascati synchrotron and the nuclear research centers of Ispra in northern Italy and Casaccia near Rome. One of its tasks was the survey for U-Th-bearing ores in Italy, run by the Geology and Mining Division chaired by Felice Ippolito. As regards the Alps, systematic field survey was carried out since 1954 by three geological teams, led by Paolo Baggio, Sergio Lorenzoni and Mario Mittempergher, whereas the scientific assistence and guidelines were entrusted to Angelo Bianchi and Giambattista Dal Piaz, with a view to providing an updated study of the pre-Triassic crystalline basement. This work was synthesized in a typed memoir titled Il Cristallino Antico delle Alpi, con particolare riguardo al versante italiano. Relazione preliminare riservata, Padova 1958, including a synthetic map at 1:1,000,000 scale. From its appearance to the beginning of the eighties, this memoir was the reference work for people addressing such issues as igneous and metamorphic features, as well as structure and overall lithology of the main basement units, all along the inner side of the Alps from Verampio dome - the core of the collisional belt - to the capping Dent Blanche nappe, from the Tauern window to the eastern Austroalpine nappes, and the Southalpine basement.","PeriodicalId":55341,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino Della Societa Geologica Italiana","volume":"20 1","pages":"30-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81899491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper deals with issues which are raised by the approaches of experimental history, and are still widely discussed by historiography of science and technology. Following the critical analysis of those controversial matters which have been involving this historiographical method since the Sixties, the article suggests some innovative applications of the experimental history to Earth sciences.The methodology, as defined below, could play an important role to plan interesting activities for geoconservation as well as improving the geological heritage.
{"title":"Per una storia sperimentale delle Scienze della Terra: dal documento alla prova sul terreno","authors":"A. Candela","doi":"10.3301/ROL.2018.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3301/ROL.2018.06","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with issues which are raised by the approaches of experimental history, and are still widely discussed by historiography of science and technology. Following the critical analysis of those controversial matters which have been involving this historiographical method since the Sixties, the article suggests some innovative applications of the experimental history to Earth sciences.The methodology, as defined below, could play an important role to plan interesting activities for geoconservation as well as improving the geological heritage.","PeriodicalId":55341,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino Della Societa Geologica Italiana","volume":"22 1","pages":"37-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73012641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
La comprensione della stretta interazione tra estesi fenomeni geologici e manifestazioni metereologiche a breve e lungo termine e una conquista scientifica che puo essere fatta risalire solo agli anni settanta del ventesimo secolo. Cio nonostante gli effetti diretti o indiretti di questi eventi parossistici non sfuggirono agli osservatori del passato ed ebbero sovente influenze sociologiche con ricadute su credenze, folclore, opere artistiche e letterarie. Il presente contributo si basa su testimonianze originali, diari e notizie pubblicate sulla stampa dell'epoca (tra XVIII e XIX sec.), che permettono di mettere in luce gli effetti che ebbero in area alpina due dei piu importanti eventi vulcanici avvenuti in tempi storici: l'eruzione del Laki (1783) e quella del Tambora (1815). Fenomeni atmosferici anomali come nebbie secche, cieli rossastri, temporali violenti, furono le manifestazioni piu evidenti delle due eruzioni che ebbero ripercussioni importanti su economia, ecosistemi e societa. Le tesi che fisici, astronomi, naturalisti e medici del tempo elaborarono per giustificare questi apparenti disordini delle leggi fisiche dell'universo furono numerose e talora fantasiose. Solo negli ultimi decenni si e riusciti a dimostrare come le eruzioni vulcaniche possano avere influssi di lungo periodo e su grande scala anche sul clima globale e sulla societa.
{"title":"Gli apparenti disordini delle leggi fisiche dell'universo: gli effetti delle eruzioni del Laki (1783) e del Tambora (1815) nelle cronache delle regioni alpine","authors":"I. Salvador, M. Romano, M. Avanzini","doi":"10.3301/ROL.2018.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3301/ROL.2018.11","url":null,"abstract":"La comprensione della stretta interazione tra estesi fenomeni geologici e manifestazioni metereologiche a breve e lungo termine e una conquista scientifica che puo essere fatta risalire solo agli anni settanta del ventesimo secolo. Cio nonostante gli effetti diretti o indiretti di questi eventi parossistici non sfuggirono agli osservatori del passato ed ebbero sovente influenze sociologiche con ricadute su credenze, folclore, opere artistiche e letterarie. Il presente contributo si basa su testimonianze originali, diari e notizie pubblicate sulla stampa dell'epoca (tra XVIII e XIX sec.), che permettono di mettere in luce gli effetti che ebbero in area alpina due dei piu importanti eventi vulcanici avvenuti in tempi storici: l'eruzione del Laki (1783) e quella del Tambora (1815). Fenomeni atmosferici anomali come nebbie secche, cieli rossastri, temporali violenti, furono le manifestazioni piu evidenti delle due eruzioni che ebbero ripercussioni importanti su economia, ecosistemi e societa. Le tesi che fisici, astronomi, naturalisti e medici del tempo elaborarono per giustificare questi apparenti disordini delle leggi fisiche dell'universo furono numerose e talora fantasiose. Solo negli ultimi decenni si e riusciti a dimostrare come le eruzioni vulcaniche possano avere influssi di lungo periodo e su grande scala anche sul clima globale e sulla societa.","PeriodicalId":55341,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino Della Societa Geologica Italiana","volume":"85 1","pages":"72-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85576434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：