Biological Psychology最新文献_第10页

EEG spectral power correlates across cognitive tasks: Implications for VR, UXA, and Ergonomics 频谱脑电图生物标志物在认知表征：在VR， UXA和人体工程学中的应用。

IF 2.9 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2025.109084

Angel David Blanco , Karan Chugani , Claire Braboszcz , Eleni Kroupi , Aureli Soria-Frisch

This study seeks to assess the applicability of EEG spectral biomarkers in application fields where cognitive characterization is required, e.g. Virtual Reality, User Experience Assessment (UXA), and Ergonomics. It aims to gauge users' cognitive states across varying task settings. We have gathered EEG data from three distinct datasets for this purpose. The first dataset encompasses EEG recordings from 36 participants under two conditions: at rest and while performing arithmetic operations. Additionally, participants were categorized as skilled or unskilled performers, making this dataset valuable for evaluating the effectiveness of different EEG features related to working memory. The second dataset comprises EEG data from 14 participants memorizing different quantities of characters (specifically, 2, 4, 6, or 8 characters) for three seconds. This dataset aims to replicate and assess how the identified biomarkers can distinguish between various levels of working memory within the same participant. The third dataset involves EEG recordings from 27 participants engaged in a 90-minute Virtual Reality (VR) driving task, wherein they needed to maintain the car within the lane amid random deviations. This dataset serves the purpose of evaluating the descriptors' capacity to differentiate between states of high and low attention, as measured by their values before lane deviations. It also facilitates an exploration of how fatigue and time-on-task impact these markers. Our findings indicate that the Theta-to-Alpha ratio (TAR) measured at midline electrodes or as the ratio of frontal theta to parietal alpha effectively characterizes cognitive effort during mental arithmetic and memory tasks. In contrast, the Theta-Alpha-to-Beta Ratio (TA2BR) measured at temporal scalp locations emerges as the most efficient descriptor for assessing heightened vigilance states, particularly in tasks requiring external attention and rapid responses, such as the VR driving task. The influence of time-on-task on descriptor reliability varied depending on participants' performance levels.

本研究旨在评估脑电图谱生物标志物在需要认知表征的应用领域的适用性，例如虚拟现实，用户体验评估（UXA）和人体工程学。它旨在衡量用户在不同任务设置下的认知状态。为此，我们从三个不同的数据集中收集了EEG数据。第一个数据集包括36名参与者在两种情况下的脑电图记录：休息时和进行算术运算时。此外，参与者被分类为熟练或不熟练的表演者，这使得该数据集对于评估与工作记忆相关的不同EEG特征的有效性很有价值。第二个数据集包括14名参与者在三秒钟内记忆不同数量字符（具体来说是2、4、6或8个字符）的脑电图数据。该数据集旨在复制和评估已识别的生物标志物如何区分同一参与者的不同工作记忆水平。第三个数据集涉及27名参与者的脑电图记录，他们参与了90分钟的虚拟现实（VR）驾驶任务，其中他们需要在随机偏差的情况下将汽车保持在车道内。该数据集的目的是评估描述符区分高注意力和低注意力状态的能力，通过它们在车道偏差之前的值来衡量。它还有助于探索疲劳和完成任务的时间如何影响这些标记。我们的研究结果表明，在中线电极测量的θ - α比值（TAR）或额叶θ与顶叶α的比值有效地表征了心算和记忆任务中的认知努力程度。相比之下，在颞部头皮位置测量的Theta-Alpha-to-Beta比率（TA2BR）是评估高度警惕性状态的最有效描述，特别是在需要外部关注和快速反应的任务中，例如VR驾驶任务。任务时间对描述信度的影响取决于参与者的表现水平。

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引用次数: 0

The influence of punishment anticipation on inhibitory control processing in individuals with test anxiety 惩罚预期对考试焦虑个体抑制控制加工的影响

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2025.109086

Yuhong Ou , Renlai Zhou

Using the event-related potential (ERP) method combined with the monetary incentive delay task and arrow Flanker Task, this study investigated the impact of varying punishment anticipation on inhibitory control processing in individuals with test anxiety. Results revealed that during the cue processing, compared to individuals with low test anxiety (LTA), individuals with high test anxiety (HTA) exhibited more negative cue-N2 and CNV amplitudes under high punishment conditions. In the inhibitory control processing, under high punishment conditions, HTA individuals showed more negative N2 amplitudes in incongruent trials compared to LTA individuals. Under no-punishment conditions, HTA individuals demonstrated more positive P3 and conflict SP amplitudes in incongruent trials. The study suggests that excessive punishment anticipation for failure consequences may constitute the mechanism underlying inhibitory control deficits in individuals with HTA. These findings provide a new perspective for understanding the inhibitory control deficits in HTA and offer foundations for targeted interventions.

本研究采用事件相关电位（ERP）方法，结合货币激励延迟任务和箭头侧克任务，研究了不同惩罚预期对考试焦虑个体抑制控制加工的影响。结果表明，在线索加工过程中，与低测试焦虑（LTA）个体相比，高测试焦虑（HTA）个体在高惩罚条件下表现出更多的负线索- n2和CNV振幅。在抑制控制加工中，在高惩罚条件下，HTA个体比LTA个体在不一致试验中表现出更多的负N2波幅。在非惩罚条件下，HTA个体在不一致试验中表现出更多的正P3和冲突SP幅值。研究表明，对失败后果的过度惩罚预期可能构成HTA个体抑制控制缺陷的机制。这些发现为理解HTA的抑制控制缺陷提供了新的视角，并为有针对性的干预提供了基础。

引用次数: 0

Cognitive plausibility of count-based versus prediction-based word embeddings: A large-scale N400 study 基于计数与基于预测的词嵌入的认知合理性：一项大规模的N400研究。

IF 2.9 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2025.109079

Carolin Dudschig , Fritz Günther , Ian Grant Mackenzie

The N400 is a central electrophysiological event-related-potential (ERP) marker thought to reflect meaning comprehension in the human brain. Typically, the N400 is larger when a word does not fit into a specific context (e.g., I drink coffee with cream and dog). Thus, one core factor determining the N400 amplitude is thought to be the predictability of a word within its context. Here, both long-term memory associations and short-term discourse context influence the N400 amplitude. In the present study, we used the N400 as a marker to investigate the cognitive plausibility of semantic similarity measures. Specifically, we compared traditional count-based measures to modern machine learning tools such as prediction-based word embeddings to assess whether prediction-based techniques potentially encapsulate learning mechanisms that align more closely with psychological plausibility. To do so, we examined the relationship between different similarity measures (LSA, HAL and word2vec) and the N400 amplitude in a large scale re-analysis of previously published EEG data. Model comparison suggested a superiority of HAL over LSA as a predictor in explaining single-trial N400 amplitudes, and also a benefit of prediction-based methods over count-based methods. This result aligns with the notion that such models might in the future provide further insights into how the brain navigates language understanding.

N400被认为是反映人脑意义理解的中心电生理事件相关电位（ERP）标记。通常，当一个词不适合特定的上下文（例如，我喝咖啡加奶油和狗）时，N400会更大。因此，决定N400振幅的一个核心因素被认为是单词在其上下文中的可预测性。在这里，长期记忆关联和短期话语语境都影响N400振幅。在本研究中，我们使用N400作为标记来研究语义相似度量的认知合理性。具体来说，我们将传统的基于计数的度量与现代机器学习工具（如基于预测的词嵌入）进行了比较，以评估基于预测的技术是否潜在地封装了与心理合理性更紧密结合的学习机制。为此，我们对先前发表的脑电图数据进行了大规模重新分析，研究了不同相似性度量（LSA、HAL和word2vec）与N400振幅之间的关系。模型比较表明，HAL优于LSA作为解释单次试验N400振幅的预测因子，并且基于预测的方法优于基于计数的方法。这一结果与这样一种观点相一致，即这种模型可能在未来为大脑如何驾驭语言理解提供进一步的见解。

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引用次数: 0

The heart in attention: evidence for cardiac phase effects in alerting but not executive control 注意中的心脏：心相作用于警报而非执行控制的证据。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2025.109088

Irena Arslanova, Polly Dalton, Manos Tsakiris

Across two experiments, we examined the role of phasic cardiac fluctuations – whether the heart contracts (systole) or relaxes (diastole) – on two attentional mechanisms: executive control (EC) and alerting. Empirical evidence for cardiac phase effects in alerting has been missing, and studies on EC have found mixed results. Thus, we disentangled how cardiac fluctuations affect alerting and EC, separately and then together, using a subset of highly validated Attentional Network Test (ANT). EC was probed by requiring participants to resolve a conflict in an incongruent flanker stimulus. The stimulus was presented either during systole or diastole (Experiment 1, n = 48). Next, in Experiment 2 (n = 45), in addition to probing EC, we also probed alerting by providing participants, on half of the trials, with a cue to warn them of the onset of the stimulus. The cue was shown either during systole or diastole. Our results demonstrated that phasic cardiac fluctuations shape the more immediate alerting response to external cues, but not the subsequent executive control over conflicting information. Specifically, a cue that was presented at a time of increased cardiac output (during systole) elicited a more pronounced alerting effect than the same cue presented during diastole. Whether the stimulus appeared during systole or diastole had no impact on EC functioning. Overall, these findings contribute to the growing body of research on the interaction between cardiac signals and cognitive processes, emphasizing the selective role of systolic and diastolic phases in influencing alerting rather than executive control.

在两个实验中，我们检查了阶段性心脏波动——心脏收缩（收缩）还是放松（舒张）——在两种注意力机制中的作用：执行控制（EC）和警报。关于心脏期在警报中的作用的经验证据一直缺乏，对EC的研究发现了不同的结果。因此，我们使用高度验证的注意力网络测试（ANT）的一个子集，分别和一起解开了心脏波动如何影响警报和EC。通过要求被试在不一致的侧侧刺激下解决冲突来探索EC。刺激可在心脏收缩期或舒张期出现（实验1，n = 48）。接下来，在实验2 （n = 45）中，除了探测EC，我们还通过在一半的试验中向参与者提供提示来警告他们刺激的开始来探测警报。该提示在心脏收缩期或舒张期显示。我们的研究结果表明，阶段性心脏波动塑造了对外部线索的更直接的警报反应，而不是对冲突信息的后续执行控制。具体来说，在心输出量增加时（收缩期）出现的提示比在舒张期出现的提示引起的警报效果更明显。无论刺激出现在心脏收缩期还是舒张期，对EC功能均无影响。总的来说，这些发现有助于心脏信号和认知过程之间相互作用的研究，强调收缩和舒张期在影响警报而不是执行控制方面的选择性作用。

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引用次数: 0

Alpha and beta oscillations mediate the effect of motivation on neural coding of cognitive flexibility α和β振荡介导动机对认知灵活性神经编码的影响。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-07-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2025.109085

Juan M. Chau Delgado , Matias J. Ison , Paul S. Muhle-Karbe , Mark G. Stokes , Sam Hall-McMaster , Nicholas E. Myers

Cognitive flexibility is crucial for adaptive human behaviour. Prior studies have analysed the effect of reward on cognitive flexibility; however, the neural mechanisms underlying these effects remain largely unknown. This study explores how reward influences neural oscillations and how these changes impact behavioural performance. Using time-frequency decomposition, we examined electroencephalographic data from participants engaged in rule-guided task-switching with varying reward prospects. Higher anticipated rewards lead to greater desynchronisation of alpha (8–12 Hz) and beta (20–30 Hz) oscillations, which in turn correlated with improved task performance. Both alpha power and event-related potential (ERP) coding of reward independently predicted reward-based performance improvements, suggesting distinct mechanisms supporting proactive control. These findings underscore the unique contributions of neural oscillations in mediating motivational effects on cognitive flexibility.

认知灵活性对于适应性人类行为至关重要。先前的研究分析了奖励对认知灵活性的影响；然而，这些影响背后的神经机制在很大程度上仍然未知。本研究探讨了奖励如何影响神经振荡以及这些变化如何影响行为表现。使用时频分解，我们检查了参与规则引导任务转换的参与者在不同奖励前景下的脑电图数据。更高的预期奖励导致更大的α (8-12Hz)和β (20-30Hz)振荡的不同步，这反过来又与改进的任务表现相关。奖励的α功率和事件相关电位（ERP）编码都能独立预测基于奖励的绩效改善，表明支持主动控制的不同机制。这些发现强调了神经振荡在调节认知灵活性的动机效应方面的独特贡献。

引用次数: 0

The cognitive mechanisms of spatial perspective taking in map reading 地图阅读中空间视角的认知机制。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2025.109087

Tsu-Jen Ding , Hui-Yu Hsu , Chen-Yu Yao , Zai-Fu Yao

Spatial perspective taking (SPT) is a core cognitive ability essential for real-world navigation, yet the examination of dynamic integration of allocentric and egocentric reference frames using map has received limited attention. To address this gap, the present study introduces a Map-Based Self-Localization Task paired with event-related potential (ERP) techniques to examine how angular disparities and rotation directions affect SPT. High school participants (n = 38) completed 320 Map-Based Self-Localization trials. Behavioral analyses revealed that accuracy and response speed varied significantly with angular disparity, and notably, rotation direction also emerged as a critical factor, with left-turn rotations (South to West, 90°) resulting in significantly lower accuracy compared to equivalent right-turn rotations (South to East, 90°). ERP and oscillatory analyses showed that larger angular disparities elicited stronger neural activation in frontal, central, and parietal-occipital regions, evidenced by elevated delta-band power and increased P300 amplitudes. Lateralized readiness potentials further underscored the role of motor imagery in directional rotations, reinforcing an embodied cognition perspective. These results highlight both angular disparity and rotation direction as important considerations in spatial navigation research using map, with implications for SPT theory.

空间视角获取（SPT）是现实世界导航的一项核心认知能力，但利用地图对非中心和自我中心参照系动态整合的研究却很少得到关注。为了解决这一问题，本研究引入了一个基于地图的自定位任务，并结合事件相关电位（ERP）技术来研究角差异和旋转方向对SPT的影响。高中参与者（n = 38）完成了320次基于地图的自我定位试验。行为分析显示，精度和响应速度随角度差异而显著变化，值得注意的是，旋转方向也是一个关键因素，与等效的右转旋转（从南到东，90°）相比，左转旋转（从南到西，90°）导致的精度显著降低。ERP和振荡分析表明，更大的角度差异引起额叶、中央和顶叶-枕叶区域更强的神经激活，证明了δ波段功率升高和P300振幅增加。侧化准备电位进一步强调了运动意象在定向旋转中的作用，强化了具身认知视角。这些结果强调了角视差和旋转方向是地图空间导航研究的重要考虑因素，并对SPT理论有一定的启示。

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引用次数: 0

Distinct modes of functional neural organization in autism: Insights from dynamical systems analysis of resting-state EEG 自闭症中功能神经组织的不同模式：静息状态脑电图的动态系统分析。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2025.109077

Sungwoo Ahn , Leonid L. Rubchinsky , Evie A. Malaia

While differences in patterns of functional connectivity and neural synchronization have been reported between individuals on the autism spectrum and neurotypical peers at various age stages, these differences appear to be subtle and may not be captured by typical quantitative measures of EEG. We used the dynamical systems approach to analyze resting-state EEG to investigate fine-grained spatiotemporal organization of brain networks in autistic and neurotypical young adults. While power spectra showed minimal group differences, autistic participants exhibited higher Lyapunov exponents (indicating less stable neural dynamics), weaker phase synchronization, and lower clustering/efficiency of functional networks during eyes-open resting state, suggesting more random and less stably connected neural dynamics in comparison to those of neurotypical peers. Closing the eyes regularized neural dynamics in autistic but not neurotypical participants, with increases in synchrony strength, transient desynchronization patterning, and functional connectivity observed in the autistic group. The results point to the distinct modes of neural dynamics organization likely reflecting cumulative developmental adaptations to sensory inputs that shape both resting-state neural activity and cognitive processing strategies.

虽然自闭症个体和不同年龄阶段的正常同龄人在功能连接模式和神经同步方面存在差异，但这些差异似乎是微妙的，可能无法通过典型的脑电图定量测量来捕捉。我们使用动态系统方法分析静息状态脑电图，以研究自闭症和神经正常的年轻人大脑网络的细粒度时空组织。虽然功率谱的组间差异很小，但自闭症参与者在睁眼静息状态下表现出较高的Lyapunov指数（表明神经动力学稳定性较差）、较弱的相位同步和较低的功能网络聚类/效率，表明与正常同龄人相比，自闭症参与者的神经动力学更随机，连接更不稳定。闭上眼睛使自闭症参与者的神经动力学规律化，而非神经正常的参与者，在自闭症组中观察到同步强度、短暂的非同步模式和功能连接的增加。研究结果指出，神经动力学组织的不同模式可能反映了对静息状态神经活动和认知处理策略形成的感官输入的累积发育适应。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the specificity of linguistic rule learning through reinforcement learning: Semantic and syntactic perspectives 通过强化学习探索语言规则学习的特殊性：语义和句法的视角

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2025.109081

Yingyu Li , Xiyuan Wang , Weiwei Zhang , John W. Schwieter , Huanhuan Liu

Learning linguistic rules is crucial for human cognition, and recent studies have demonstrated that reinforcement learning modeling can effectively simulate rule learning in non-linguistic symbol systems. In this study, we use reinforcement learning to model trial-by-trial dynamic processes of semantic and syntactic rule learning in linguistic symbols (i.e., words in an artificial language) and non-linguistic symbols (i.e., shapes). By analyzing the effects of reinforcement learning parameters on behavioral performance and neural oscillations, we aim to explore whether the mechanisms underlying semantic and syntactic processing differ between linguistic and non-linguistic symbols. Our findings underscore the greater complexity of semantic processing in language, which demands more cognitive resources and engages slower, more deliberative processes. These patterns were reflected by slower response times and a decrease in beta-band power as prediction error signals increased. In contrast, syntactic processing in language—unlike in symbolic tasks—benefited from inherent structural cues, as shown by an increase in beta-band power as prediction error signals grew. These findings provide novel insights into the distinct cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying inherent language rule processing and artificially-created symbolic rule processing within a reinforcement learning paradigm.

语言规则的学习对人类认知至关重要，近年来的研究表明，强化学习建模可以有效地模拟非语言符号系统中的规则学习。在本研究中，我们使用强化学习来模拟语言符号（即人工语言中的单词）和非语言符号（即形状）中语义和句法规则学习的逐试动态过程。通过分析强化学习参数对行为表现和神经振荡的影响，我们旨在探讨语言和非语言符号之间语义和句法加工的机制是否存在差异。我们的发现强调了语言中语义处理的复杂性，这需要更多的认知资源，需要更慢、更慎重的过程。这些模式反映在较慢的响应时间和随着预测误差信号的增加而降低的β波段功率上。相反，与符号任务不同，语言中的句法处理受益于固有的结构线索，正如预测错误信号增加时β波段功率的增加所显示的那样。这些发现为在强化学习范式中固有语言规则处理和人工创建的符号规则处理的独特认知和神经机制提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Autistic and schizotypal traits influence audiovisual temporal binding window malleability following alpha-band entrainment 自闭症和分裂型性状影响α带夹带后视听时间结合窗口的延展性

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2025.109082

Gianluca Marsicano , Sara Garofalo , Luca Ronconi , Caterina Bertini

The likelihood of integrating audiovisual (AV) information is reflected in the construct of temporal binding window (TBW), which accounts for the differing processing times across sensory regions. Wider TBWs within the autistic and schizotypal spectrums predict the degree of cognitive-perceptual and socio-communicative atypicalities. Alpha oscillations (8–13 Hz) represent an important neural mechanism for AV binding, and consequently alpha-band entrainment can shrink or expand TBWs. However, whether interindividual differences in autistic and schizotypal traits influence TBW modulations under entrainment is unexplored. Here, we used alpha-band sensory AV entrainment to explore how individual traits affect TBW malleability in neurotypical individuals (n = 113), administering rhythmic stimulations at slower (∼8.5 Hz) and faster alpha (∼12 Hz) frequencies before an AV simultaneity judgement task. Participants self-reported autistic and schizotypal traits, and a cluster analysis stratified individuals into three groups: high Cognitive-Perceptual Traits (CPT), high Socio-Affective Traits (SAT), Low Traits (LT). Results revealed that, across groups, upper alpha entrainment narrowed TBWs, enhancing AV temporal acuity. However, following lower alpha stimulation, only the CPT group exhibited wider TBWs, indicating a heightened responsiveness to entrainment stimulation, reflecting bottom-up atypical integration of sensory information into coherent models. Additionally, the typical leading sense asymmetry determining narrower TBWs for auditory-leading sequences was observed only in the LT group, suggesting that even sub-clinical cognitive-perceptual and socio-communicative atypicalities may disrupt basic aspects of cross-modal interactions. These findings suggest that socio-communicative and cognitive-perceptual anomalies associated with autistic and schizotypal traits influence low-level aspects of temporal binding across sensory modalities, including their malleability following alpha-band stimulation.

整合视听信息的可能性反映在时间绑定窗口（TBW）的构建上，它解释了不同感觉区域的处理时间。自闭症和精神分裂谱系中较宽的tbw预测了认知-知觉和社会交际非典型性的程度。α振荡（8-13 Hz）代表了AV结合的重要神经机制，因此α带夹带可以缩小或扩大TBWs。然而，自闭症和分裂型特征的个体间差异是否会影响脑带下的TBW调节尚不清楚。在这里，我们使用alpha波段感觉AV携带来探索个体特征如何影响神经典型个体（n = 113）的TBW延展性，在AV同时性判断任务之前，以较慢（~ 8.5 Hz）和较快的alpha（~ 12 Hz）频率进行有节奏的刺激。参与者自我报告自闭症和分裂型特征，聚类分析将个体分为三组：高认知知觉特征（CPT）、高社会情感特征（SAT）和低社会情感特征（LT）。结果显示，在各组中，上α带束使TBWs变窄，增强了颞叶敏锐度。然而，在较低的α刺激后，只有CPT组表现出更宽的TBWs，表明对带剌刺激的反应性增强，反映了自下而上的非典型感觉信息整合到连贯模型中。此外，仅在LT组中观察到典型的前导感觉不对称决定了听觉前导序列较窄的tbw，这表明即使是亚临床认知知觉和社会交际的非典型性也可能破坏跨模态相互作用的基本方面。这些发现表明，与自闭症和分裂型特征相关的社会交际和认知知觉异常影响了时间结合的低水平方面，包括它们在α波段刺激后的可塑性。

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引用次数: 0

Tobacco smoking is associated with attenuated error monitoring 吸烟与误差监测的减弱有关。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2025.109075

C. Henrico Stam , Frederik M. van der Veen , Vaughn R. Steele , Ingmar H.A. Franken

Rationale

Addiction is associated with neurophysiological deficits in error monitoring (EM), i.e., the continuous assessment of ongoing actions and comparing the outcomes of these actions with internal goals and standards, measured by, e.g., event-related potentials (ERPs). For tobacco smoking, the largest global substance addiction, there is no firm conclusion on the relation with EM due to a paucity of studies.

Objectives and methods

A relatively large gender-balanced sample (N = 92, of which 44 smoking participants) performed the Eriksen-flanker task while the electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded. The error-related negativity (ERN) and the error positivity (Pe) were measured, as well as event-related oscillations (EROs) in the theta and delta frequency bands.

Results

The results show a blunted ERN and Pe in smoking participants compared to non-smoking participants, providing evidence for attenuated error detection and salience. Reduced power in transient event-related theta and delta oscillations for smoking participants appeared to underlie the weaker ERN and Pe, respectively. There was no group difference in behavioral performance. Group differences in Pe/Pc, theta, and delta band power remained after robustness testing (i.e., 80 % reliability criterium with 18 trials in each condition).

Conclusions

Attenuated error monitoring was found for people who smoke tobacco, manifested as a blunted ERN and Pe, which appear to be driven by reduced bursts of theta and delta power, respectively. This shows that tobacco smoking is associated with a robust deficit in EM that has been found in other substance use disorders, and it appears to increase with dependence severity.

理由：成瘾与错误监测（EM）中的神经生理缺陷有关，即对正在进行的行为进行持续评估，并将这些行为的结果与内部目标和标准进行比较，这些目标和标准由事件相关电位（erp）等测量。对于全球最大的物质成瘾——吸烟，由于缺乏研究，没有确切的结论表明其与EM的关系。目的与方法：选取较大的性别平衡样本（N=92，其中吸烟44人）进行Eriksen-flanker任务，同时记录脑电图（EEG）。测量误差相关负性（ERN）和误差正性（Pe），以及theta和delta频段的事件相关振荡（EROs）。结果：结果显示，与不吸烟的参与者相比，吸烟参与者的ERN和Pe变钝，为错误检测和显著性减弱提供了证据。吸烟参与者的瞬时事件相关的θ波和δ波的功率降低似乎分别是较弱的ERN和Pe的基础。在行为表现上没有组间差异。在稳健性检验（即每种情况下18个试验，80%信度标准）后，Pe/Pc、theta和delta波段功率的组间差异仍然存在。结论：吸烟人群的误差监测减弱，表现为ERN和Pe变钝，这似乎分别是由θ波和δ波脉冲减少引起的。这表明吸烟与其他物质使用障碍中发现的EM严重缺陷有关，并且似乎随着依赖程度的增加而增加。

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引用次数: 0